EP0532468B1 - Elément chauffant électrique - Google Patents

Elément chauffant électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0532468B1
EP0532468B1 EP92810687A EP92810687A EP0532468B1 EP 0532468 B1 EP0532468 B1 EP 0532468B1 EP 92810687 A EP92810687 A EP 92810687A EP 92810687 A EP92810687 A EP 92810687A EP 0532468 B1 EP0532468 B1 EP 0532468B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wires
current supply
heating element
meshwear
textile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92810687A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0532468A1 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TECNIT-Technische Textilien und Systeme GmbH
Original Assignee
TECNIT-Technische Textilien und Systeme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TECNIT-Technische Textilien und Systeme GmbH filed Critical TECNIT-Technische Textilien und Systeme GmbH
Publication of EP0532468A1 publication Critical patent/EP0532468A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0532468B1 publication Critical patent/EP0532468B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/12—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
    • H05B3/345—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles knitted fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/029—Heaters specially adapted for seat warmers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/036—Heaters specially adapted for garment heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical heating element, in particular an areal electrical heating element, as can be used, for example, for seat heating in vehicles, in heating pads, heating blankets, heatable clothing, etc.
  • Such flexible and usually also flexible heating elements are already known. They generally consist of a flat sheath made of textile material or plastic, in which there is usually an electrical heating wire inserted in a zigzag or meandering shape, which can also be designed as a thin, flat band.
  • the U.S. 3,472,289 shows a heating textile in FIG. 11, in which heating threads are intermeshed as warp threads in the carrier material. The ends of the resistance conductors must be subsequently connected with a power supply wire.
  • Fig. 12 shows a similar arrangement in which the resistance wires are interwoven as weft threads.
  • the parallel resistance wires must be connected to each other later by power supply wires arranged in the edge area. This involves an additional work step and therefore additional costs.
  • the post-published EP-A-463 516 shows in FIG. 4 a warp knitted fabric in which the heating conductors are concatenated in parallel with a carrier textile material. Weft threads are inserted into the knitted fabric at defined intervals, which serve as power supply wires. The application of this technique is limited to knitted fabrics.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the known areal heating elements and to create a novel, universally usable and easy to produce electric heating element and to specify methods for its production.
  • the invention is therefore based on the idea of integrating the heat-emitting wires of an electrical resistance heating device into a flexible, stretchable and drapable knitted fabric.
  • the basic structure of the heating element according to the invention is such that at least two resistance wires are essentially parallel to one another and have electrical contact with at least two power supply wires, the resistance wires and the power supply wires of course not being allowed to have contact with each other.
  • the wires can be inserted as weft or warp threads or both during the manufacture of the knitted fabric. Incorporation can also be considered as a replacement for the stitch yarn or as a follower of the stitch yarn. If the connection is perpendicular to the direction of knitting, ie of stitches lying one above the other, one wire can be worked in using inlay technique. The wire can also be present as a slightly twisted component of a knitting yarn.
  • the construction of the knitted fabric of the heating element can be of any type, e.g. right-right, right-left, left-left, double stitches, etc. You can also work with a looped stitch to achieve reinforcement; this is particularly interesting for the power supply wires.
  • the known mesh techniques make it possible to achieve any shape of the heating surface. Even power semiconductors arranged in a semi-circle are possible. By grading the spacing of the power supply wires and / or by changing the density of the resistance wires or choosing wires of different thicknesses, the most diverse heating outputs are possible over the surface.
  • the necessary contact security between power supply and resistance wires is quite and safely given by the tight mesh binding of the textile fabric, as tests have shown. It is expedient to protect the heating element according to the invention against corrosion and moisture, at least at the crossing points, ie connecting points of the power supply and resistance wires, where there is also the risk of local elements being formed.
  • the wires can be provided with a corrosion-resistant but electrically conductive coating, for example made of a polymer that is made conductive with graphite, EC-soot or germanium, or from a self-conductive amide-imide polymer.
  • the finished heating element is preferably impregnated in a corrosion-resistant and moisture-resistant manner, at least in the area of the mentioned crossing points, for example with a dispersion of silicone resins or polytetrafluoroethylene, which is then dried. In some cases it is even better to use a silicone prepolymer, to dry the applied solution or dispersion and then to crosslink it thermally and / or catalytically.
  • a silicone prepolymer to dry the applied solution or dispersion and then to crosslink it thermally and / or catalytically.
  • Such protective substances are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the material of the wires can be chosen arbitrarily within the scope of the purpose to be achieved.
  • Possible current supply wires are copper, optionally silver-plated, and resistance wires are those of the known nickel-chromium alloys.
  • the heating element according to the invention can be a flat structure or else three-dimensional, e.g. as a preformed car seat cover. It is also suitable for the appropriate insert in clothing, e.g. Motorcyclist suits, and can be produced in the desired shape.
  • the heating conductors can consist of a resistance wire or other conductive materials and can also be coated or sheathed.
  • the heating conductors also do not have to run "undulating" (see below, Fig. 1).
  • a connection of the heating wire to the contact conductor, ie power supply wire, is not absolutely necessary after each tour. Rather, the heating power can be achieved by incorporating resistance wires of different thicknesses through a variable distance between the Wires and can be varied almost arbitrarily by individual connection with the contact conductor.
  • the e.g. Contact conductors that can be dimensioned in terms of wire thickness or width and material do not necessarily have to run perpendicularly or horizontally to the knitting direction, but can be adapted to the predetermined ideal shape and accordingly run obliquely or in the form of a curve, as already mentioned above.
  • the heating element does not first have to be produced two-dimensionally and then deformed, but can be constructed as a multi-dimensional structure with, if appropriate, variable heating output. This means that the heating output remains exactly reproducible at certain points, since there is no need to change the area in terms of the room shape due to subsequent deformation.
  • the heating element according to the invention can be produced in the desired shape, ie not in the meter. This eliminates the expensive further processing by cutting and sewing.
  • the heating power can be variably designed by the row density of the resistance wire, the appropriate dimensioning of the wires, the row width according to the contact conductor course and of course the binding variant. It is therefore not necessary, as previously, to interrupt one or more resistance wires in order to achieve the desired heating output.
  • the heating element can have two or more areas with heating wires which are connected on one side or not at all by means of power supply wires; this makes it possible in the simplest way to adapt the heating output to any special requests by connecting the power supply wires in series or in parallel.
  • the heating element according to the invention can be produced in the desired three-dimensional shape on the weaving machine and therefore does not have to be thermally deformed after production, it is possible to use any other fiber besides plastic fibers in the working yarns. All technical fibers including coated fibers can also be processed in combination.
  • the heating element according to the invention can be made corrosion-resistant and flame-retardant by plasma treatment and also by conventional treatment, possibly already of the fibers.
  • the heating elements according to the invention can be produced on textile machines, preferably on computer-controlled flat knitting machines.
  • a so-called "two and a half-dimensional" construction with pile thread or spacing structure can also be produced.
  • the knitwear 10 of the heating element is knitted from a yarn 12, which usually consists of a suitable synthetic fiber as a monofilament or staple fiber yarn, also as a microfiber yarn, e.g. Polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, or high temperature resistant fibers like Nomex.
  • a suitable synthetic fiber as a monofilament or staple fiber yarn, also as a microfiber yarn, e.g. Polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, or high temperature resistant fibers like Nomex.
  • the material of the yarn 12 must be selected so that it can withstand the desired temperature of the heating element.
  • Two warp threads 16 are shown as the right power supply wires.
  • the upper heating wires 18 are inserted weft threads, while the lower heating wires 20 are moving wires during knitting.
  • the power supply wires can also be incorporated using the set-up line. Through the subsequent knitted fabric with heating wires, the electricity is discharged again via the final set-up line. So you get a heating element with "horizontal” power supply and “vertical” resistance wires.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Élément chauffant électrique qui consiste en un tricotage textile ayant au moins deux fils conducteurs d'alimentation (14, 16) séparés les uns des autres et des fils résistifs (20) qui s'étendent entre les fils d'alimentation (14, 16), dans lequel une liaison ferme établissant un contact est réalisée entre les fils d'alimentation et les fils résistifs, dans lequel lesdits fils d'alimentation (14, 16), lors de la fabrication des tricotages de mailles, sont insérés dans au moins une rangée de mailles entrelacées et superposées comme fils de chaîne, ou en parallèle dans les rangées de mailles comme fils de trame ou comme incrustation dans au moins une rangée dont chacune consiste en mailles entrelacées et superposées, et
    lesdits fils résistifs (20) sont insérés dans les mailles (12) du textile de support isolant entre lesdits fils d'alimentation (14,16) au moyen d'un blanchet ou comme substitut du textile de support.
  2. Élément chauffant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits fils résistifs et/ou lesdits fils d'alimentation sont pourvus d'un revêtement résistant à la corrosion et à l'humidité.
  3. Élément chauffant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit fil résistif est inséré dans la filasse tordue de maille comme filasse tordue.
  4. Élément chauffant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que lesdits fils d'alimentation et résistifs sont insérés dans un tricotage de mailles tissé à trois dimensions.
  5. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément chauffant électrique selon l'une ou quelques-unes des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel un tricotage textile de mailles est fabriqué, et en outre, des fils résistifs (20) et des fils d'alimentation (14, 16) sont introduits pour qu'il y ait une liaison ferme établissant un contact entre lesdits fils d'alimentation et résistifs,
    lesdits fils résistifs (20) étant insérés dans les mailles dudit matériau de support isolant (12) dudit tricotage textile de mailles au moyen d'un blanchet ou comme substitut dudit textile de support, et
    lesdits fils d'alimentation (14, 16), lors de la fabrication du tricotage de mailles, étant introduits dans ledit tricotage comme fils de chaîne ou de trame ou comme incrustation dans au moins une rangée dont chacune consiste en mailles entrelacées et superposées.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que lesdits fils d'alimentation et résistifs (20) et/ou ledit tricotage textile obtenu est revêtu ou imprégné d'une façon résistante à la corrosion et l'humidité, respectivement, au moins aux points de croisement desdits fils d'alimentation et résistifs (20).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément chauffant électrique est pourvu d'une imprégnation hydrofuge et résistante à la chaleur par traitement avec une dispersion ou solution d'une résine de silicone ou d'une résine de fluorocarbone, et séchage ultérieur.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu' on utilise un prépolymère de silicone susceptible de former un réticule et qui est formé en réticule pendant ou après le séchage.
EP92810687A 1991-09-11 1992-09-08 Elément chauffant électrique Expired - Lifetime EP0532468B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH267691 1991-09-11
CH2676/91 1991-09-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0532468A1 EP0532468A1 (fr) 1993-03-17
EP0532468B1 true EP0532468B1 (fr) 1997-04-16

Family

ID=4239082

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92810687A Expired - Lifetime EP0532468B1 (fr) 1991-09-11 1992-09-08 Elément chauffant électrique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0532468B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE151941T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59208350D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2101825T3 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005017197A1 (de) * 2005-04-13 2006-10-19 W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag Heizelement, insbesondere zum Beheizen einer dreidimensionalen gewölbten Oberfläche
DE102006034860A1 (de) * 2006-07-25 2008-01-31 Carl Freudenberg Kg Textiles Flächengebilde, Verfahren zur Herstellung und Verwendung
DE102016112585A1 (de) * 2016-07-08 2018-01-11 H. Stoll Ag & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gestricks mit Stehfaden
DE102017210839A1 (de) * 2017-06-27 2018-12-27 Elringklinger Ag Heizsystem
DE102018111893A1 (de) * 2018-05-17 2019-11-21 Mario Browa Heiztextil, dessen Herstellungsverfahren sowie dessen Verwendung
DE102017127319B4 (de) 2017-11-20 2022-07-14 Deutsche Institute Für Textil- Und Faserforschung Denkendorf Strickprodukt sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP3794905B1 (fr) 2018-05-17 2023-05-24 Jahn, Thorsten Textile chauffant, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4136425C2 (de) * 1991-11-05 2002-01-24 Bauerhin I G Elektro Tech Flächenheizelement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE4142774A1 (de) * 1991-12-23 1993-07-01 Bauerhin I G Elektro Tech Flaechenheizelement und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE4334944A1 (de) * 1993-10-13 1995-07-06 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Schaltanordnung für ein Flächenheizelement
DE4434956A1 (de) * 1994-09-29 1996-06-05 Putz A U A Gmbh & Co Kg Elektrisches Wärmeelement sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
AT407937B (de) * 1998-02-03 2001-07-25 Bauerhin I G Elektro Tech Flexibles flächenheizelement mit elektrisch leitenden kontakt- und heizleitern
DE19820698B4 (de) * 1998-05-11 2007-01-25 Klaus Schneider Wärmespendende Decke
LU90377B1 (de) * 1999-03-25 2000-09-26 Iee Sarl Fl-chiges heizelement
US6160246A (en) * 1999-04-22 2000-12-12 Malden Mills Industries, Inc. Method of forming electric heat/warming fabric articles
US6414286B2 (en) * 1999-04-22 2002-07-02 Malden Mills Industries, Inc. Electric heating/warming fibrous articles
DE20308113U1 (de) * 2003-05-23 2004-07-01 Activline Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrisches Flächenelement
DE102004038636A1 (de) 2004-07-24 2006-02-16 medi Bayreuth Weihermüller & Voigtmann GmbH & Co. KG Elektrisch biaxial leitfähiges Gestrick
DE502004005214D1 (de) * 2004-08-27 2007-11-22 Juergen Reichart Elektrisches Flächenheizelement
DE102004056737B4 (de) * 2004-11-24 2008-05-08 Kufner Textilwerke Gmbh Textiles Flächenheizelement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
AT501815B1 (de) * 2005-05-03 2007-10-15 Eybl Internat Ag Verfahren zur herstellung textiler flächen mit funktionsfäden
WO2008013459A2 (fr) * 2006-07-24 2008-01-31 Ward, Robert, William Élément chauffant électrique
DE102008034815A1 (de) * 2008-07-24 2010-02-04 Cotexx Gmbh Elektrisches Flächenheizelement sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Flächenheizelementes
JP5436491B2 (ja) * 2011-05-20 2014-03-05 北陸エステアール協同組合 面状発熱体
WO2019002181A1 (fr) 2017-06-27 2019-01-03 Elringklinger Ag Système de chauffage et procédé de fabrication
WO2020210646A1 (fr) 2019-04-10 2020-10-15 Propel, LLC Systèmes pour maintenir l'humidité dans une électrode textile
US12012022B2 (en) * 2020-09-28 2024-06-18 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Weft knit interdigitated electrodes for automotive interior heating elements

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH292723A (de) * 1950-09-22 1953-08-31 Herbert Goldstaub Henry Biegsames, elektrisches Heizelement.
DE1186157B (de) * 1957-06-13 1965-01-28 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Elektrisches flexibles Heizelement
US3472289A (en) * 1966-11-10 1969-10-14 Brunswick Corp Heater fabric
CH620953A5 (fr) * 1978-04-12 1980-12-31 Dubied & Cie Sa E
IT1180765B (it) * 1984-05-22 1987-09-23 Comet Martinelli Srl Macchina rettilinea da maglieria dotata di mezzi che la rendono adatta alla fabbricazione di maglia ad in tarsio senza che i beccucci guidafilo debbano essere sottoposti a movimenti ciclici di abbassamento e di sollevamento
DE4020580A1 (de) * 1990-06-28 1992-01-09 Ruthenberg Gmbh Waermetechnik Elektrisches flaechenheizelement

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005017197A1 (de) * 2005-04-13 2006-10-19 W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag Heizelement, insbesondere zum Beheizen einer dreidimensionalen gewölbten Oberfläche
DE102006034860A1 (de) * 2006-07-25 2008-01-31 Carl Freudenberg Kg Textiles Flächengebilde, Verfahren zur Herstellung und Verwendung
US7759264B2 (en) 2006-07-25 2010-07-20 Carl Freudenberg Kg Textile sheet, method for manufacturing same, and use
DE102016112585A1 (de) * 2016-07-08 2018-01-11 H. Stoll Ag & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gestricks mit Stehfaden
DE102017210839A1 (de) * 2017-06-27 2018-12-27 Elringklinger Ag Heizsystem
DE102017127319B4 (de) 2017-11-20 2022-07-14 Deutsche Institute Für Textil- Und Faserforschung Denkendorf Strickprodukt sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102018111893A1 (de) * 2018-05-17 2019-11-21 Mario Browa Heiztextil, dessen Herstellungsverfahren sowie dessen Verwendung
DE102018111893B4 (de) 2018-05-17 2019-12-24 Mario Browa Heiztextil, dessen Herstellungsverfahren sowie dessen Verwendung
EP3794905B1 (fr) 2018-05-17 2023-05-24 Jahn, Thorsten Textile chauffant, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE151941T1 (de) 1997-05-15
ES2101825T3 (es) 1997-07-16
EP0532468A1 (fr) 1993-03-17
DE59208350D1 (de) 1997-05-22

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