EP0528124A1 - Burial crypt - Google Patents

Abstract

The burial crypt (20) has at least one crypt ring (23), closed all around, or a base pan (24). The crypt ring (23) can be closed at the bottom by an insertion base in the form of baseplates (34). A trough (25) containing an earth covering (52) is present as a lid. There is at least one passage opening (59) in the base (46) of the trough (25). Attached to the passage opening (59) is a gas lock (58) which on the one hand permits a gas exchange and on the other hand prevents the ingress of water. The gas lock (58) is covered by the earth covering (52), which forms an odour filter. The trough (25) is completely surrounded at a certain distance by supporting walls (26). <IMAGE>

Description

Conventional burial can cause significant problems in unfavorable circumstances. If the mineralogical composition of the soil is unfavorable, e.g. with high silt or clay content, and also with unfavorable water supply, e.g. with frequent backwater, with layer water, with adhesive water or with standing groundwater, a complete decay is not guaranteed within a certain rest period. The aerobic bacteria important for decay cannot become effective and the necessary oxidation processes cannot take place. This often requires expensive remedial measures, e.g. Drainage measures or artificial ventilation of the floor. Sometimes only the filling of the soil helps, which practically amounts to the creation of a new burial ground. Despite the measures mentioned first, the reloading of a burial ground after the usual rest period can be uncomfortable and sometimes unacceptable for the cemetery staff.

A remedy was attempted with a reusable burial chamber (DE-OS 35 37 367.9), which consists largely of prefabricated concrete parts. It has several chamber rings, which are placed on top of one another in a pit, whereby they are guided one below the other by circumferential shoulders both at the upper and at the lower edge of the chamber rings. At the lowest point there is a base plate on which the chamber rings are loosely placed. Ceiling plates are placed on the uppermost chamber ring, which close off the interior of the burial chamber. These ceiling tiles are about 60 cm below ground level. The space is filled up to the earth level, especially with topsoil. This earth cover of the burial chamber encloses a gas lock, which is placed on a passage opening in one of the ceiling panels. It has gas passage openings which are designed so that leachate cannot penetrate into the gas lock and through it into the burial chamber. In the event of an overpressure of the gas atmosphere there in the burial chamber, for example when the atmospheric air pressure drops, part of the gas content of the burial chamber can escape through the gas lock and its gas passage openings. Therefore, the gas passage openings of the gas lock must be a certain amount below the earth level, or, in other words, there must still be a certain layer thickness of the earth cover above the gas outlet openings so that this layer of earth can act as a filter in which the soil fauna and flora come from Remove any constituents from the burial chamber that could release odors.

On one end of this burial chamber there is a narrow ceiling slab that always remains at this point. It serves as a support plate for a foundation block for receiving a gravestone.

This well-known burial chamber has some disadvantages. One of the disadvantages is that their chamber rings are loosely placed on top of each other and the bottom chamber ring lies loosely on the base plate. There is also an opening in the base plate above a bone pit, which is only loosely covered by a plate. The ceiling panels also lie loosely on the top chamber ring. This allows seepage water to penetrate into the burial chamber from the surroundings, not to mention standing water or stratified water. As a result, the decomposition process in the burial chamber can be significantly impaired. In practice the base plate is also very often omitted, so that the burial chamber is also open from below for the ingress of water, in particular groundwater and backwater. This construction and this way of installing the known burial chamber requires that each burial chamber be connected to a drainage system, so that the penetrating water can be drained off as soon as possible and sent to a sewage treatment plant. This additional drainage entails considerable costs for installing and maintaining the drainage. In addition, there are additional costs for the clarification of the discharged water quantities.

Another major disadvantage of this burial chamber is that with each subsequent opening of the grave for subsequent burial or for new burial, the earth cover with the planting on it must be cleared away and put aside and that after burial, the earth cover must be applied to the burial chamber again. The planting must first be cleared and practically completely renewed. With each subsequent burial, this causes a considerable amount of work with corresponding costs. This often also results in additional costs for an at least partial replacement of the planting if it suffered when it was removed.

During this work, the earth cover must be removed to outside the floor plan of the burial chamber. In addition, in this area, that is, from the upper edge of the burial chamber to the ground level, a hem formwork must be installed, which prevents the collapse of the ground area in the vicinity of the burial chamber. This hem formwork has to be removed afterwards, which requires corresponding work both during installation and removal, and accordingly causes costs.

Another disadvantage of this burial chamber is that when it is used as a recessed burial chamber, in which there are two superimposed chamber areas, it is necessary to insert support rods to accommodate the second coffin above the lower coffin already in the burial chamber, so that the upper one Coffin can be parked. This has the further disadvantage that during the second burial the burial chamber is open into the lower chamber area and that the lower coffin is therefore fully visible, regardless of the condition of the coffin and its contents. The same applies to the exhalation of the decomposition process that may emanate from the lower coffin. This is particularly unpleasant if this process of decay is in full swing due to the time interval between the previous burial. This can lead to unacceptable conditions for the participants in the second funeral.

Another disadvantage of this burial chamber is that after refilling the earth cover, it is inevitable that the soil will settle. For this reason, after a certain period of time, this earth cover must either be supplemented from excavated excavation or with soil obtained in some other way. This fact also has the disadvantage that the planting can only be reintroduced after this setting time. Otherwise an immediately installed planting must be removed from time to time and reinstalled after completing the earth cover.

The invention has for its object to provide a burial chamber from prefabricated components, which is relatively easy to install, which enables a trouble-free decomposition process and in the subsequent burials are easier and easier and with less effort and cost.

Characterized in that in the embodiment according to claim 1, the lid of the burial chamber is designed as a trough in which the earth cover for the gas lock is accommodated, which serves both as a gas filter and as a planting base for planting, can serve as a lid for each subsequent burial The trough with all its contents must be lifted off and stored away for the time of burial. The planting remains completely undisturbed, since it does not have to be removed or stored separately. On the contrary, it can now be properly maintained in the trough. No other earthworks are required, as is necessary with the known burial chamber. Of course, the area around the gas lock remains unaffected. The gas lock is therefore not exposed to any risk of damage. This means that there is no need to refill the earth cover with the corresponding personnel and costs. There is also no need to replant the grave.

The permanently installed retaining walls remain in place and protect the burial chamber from the collapse of the soil surrounding the burial chamber. This also contributes to the fact that earthwork is not required for subsequent burials.

In an embodiment according to claim 2, a very high dimensional stability and rigidity of the support walls is achieved by the closed ring shape. In addition, their installation is made easier because the support ring is only a single component. This one-piece construction does not require any major straightening work. This design of the retaining walls is particularly well suited for use in flexible soils, which tend to exert correspondingly large side pressures on the retaining walls, for example as a result of settling movements or due to surface loads caused by machines and devices.

In a development according to claim 3, the support ring is simply used with its skirting between the chamber ring and the trough. As a result, the support ring always maintains its spatial-geometric assignment unchanged to both the chamber ring and the trough.

In the embodiment according to claim 4, the individual panels of the support walls have a relatively low weight, so that they can be easily handled accordingly. For this, they generally require more straightening work and greater care when backfilling. Through a further development according to claim 5, the form strength and bending stiffness of the sheets is noticeably increased.

With an embodiment according to claim 6, the burial chamber can be used even with unfavorable water supply, of whatever type. As a result, the interior of the burial chamber can be kept dry even at a higher water level or at a higher water pressure, so that the decomposition process is not disturbed. This configuration also eliminates the need for drainage for the burial chamber, thereby saving considerable costs both for the installation and maintenance of the drainage and for the clarification of the waste water to be derived therefrom.

An embodiment according to claim 7 makes it possible, in particular together with a further development according to claim 8, to close off the burial chamber in a manner similar to that with the closed bottom pan. It also makes it possible to create an intermediate floor in the case of two stacked chamber rings, on which a second coffin can later be placed without further measures and without difficulties, the lower chamber remaining at least visually closed. In this embodiment of the burial chamber, the individual components in turn have a lower dead weight than in the case of a one-piece floor pan. They are particularly suitable for places of use where a higher groundwater level and / or a higher back pressure of backwater and stratified water is not always to be expected.

The development according to claim 9 facilitates the handling of the base plate and above all the insertion of the base plate in the chamber ring. Due to the specified cross-sectional and edge design of the individual plates, particularly good contact between the edges of the individual plates and with one another and on the mating surfaces of the skirting of the chamber ring is achieved, which results in a relatively good seal even without special aids.

An embodiment according to claim 10 makes it possible to use the base plate as an intermediate floor between two superimposed individual chambers, the lower chamber as well as the chamber above being ventilated and vented via the gas lock in the trough due to the through holes in the intermediate floor. Due to the sealing plugs and their special design, it is possible to completely seal the bottom floor plate against the ingress of groundwater and backwater if necessary. In addition, in the case of subsequent burial in the upper chamber, it is thereby possible to at least temporarily close the intermediate floor in a gastight manner and to prevent odor nuisance during burial. Before the trough serving as a cover is put on, the sealing plugs of the intermediate floor can be removed shortly before the trough is inserted, so that odor nuisance is also kept to a minimum for the cemetery staff, if not completely avoided.

The already favorable conditions in the floor pan and in the chamber ring with an inserted base plate are additionally improved by an embodiment according to claim 11, so that even very unfavorable conditions with regard to the water flow can be overcome permanently.

An embodiment according to claim 12 ensures that the superimposed parts of the burial chamber are correctly assigned and mutually aligned. Through an additional embodiment according to claim 13, the sealing of the individual components from one another is also considerably improved and the burial chamber is protected from any ingress of water even in the worst case with regard to the water flow.

An embodiment according to claim 14 reduces the number of components required to a minimum, even if this means that some of the components, in particular the camera rings and the floor pan, can be given a somewhat higher weight. Since this also reduces the number of parting lines, the sealing of the burial chamber is facilitated and the risk of water penetration is reduced. By reducing the number of components, the creation of a burial field by means of such burial chambers can also be considerably accelerated and rationalized, so that the overall plant costs are reduced.

By an embodiment according to claim 15, the earth cover in the trough can be carried out with such a large bed height that it can serve as an odor filter when exchanging air through the bottom of the trough.

An embodiment according to claim 16 results in a certain water level within the trough, which, apart from small fluctuations due to heavy and longer lasting rains or due to longer lasting dry periods, remains largely the same. This benefits the filter effect of the earth cover of the gas lock on the one hand and the maintenance of the trough planting on the other.

The protection of the gas lock against water ingress is supported by the configuration according to claim 17.

An embodiment according to claim 18 results in a gas lock, which includes a large area of the earth cover in the filter effect. This also facilitates gas exchange in the event of fluctuating atmospheric air pressure. The special design and arrangement of the gas passage openings reduces the risk of ingress of soil moisture or even soil moisture if the water supply should be particularly strong.

An embodiment according to claim 19 ensures a sufficient filter effect of the earth cover in the vicinity of the gas lock.

An embodiment according to claim 20 ensures that water emerging from the trough, such as e.g. Rainwater or excess irrigation water is discharged to the outside unhindered.

With an embodiment according to claim 21 or 22, it is prevented that the gap between the trough and the wall of the support ring or the support panels is gradually clogged by solid components which, e.g. when working the earth cover in the trough, trickle into the gap or e.g. in heavy rain, be washed in. This measure ensures that the trough can be easily lifted out at any time.

An embodiment according to claim 23 makes it possible to erect a tombstone that can remain in place even during a subsequent burial because it rests on the wall of the support ring.

In the case of an embodiment according to claim 24 or 25, it is also possible to erect a tombstone, which is then located in the plan area of the trough. In the case of a subsequent burial, the gravestone does not have to be removed from the trough, but can be lifted out with it and later placed over the burial chamber.

In an embodiment according to claim 26, the tombstone is connected via the tombstone foundation to the chamber ring remaining in place, so that it can also remain in its place of installation during a subsequent burial.

An embodiment according to claim 27 makes it possible to bury urns in addition to conventional burial in the burial chamber by exposing the cover in the earth cover in the trough and lowering the urn in the burial chamber after removing the cover. After the through hole is closed again by means of the sealing cover, the earth cover is refilled at this point. In the development according to claim 28, the earth cover no longer has to be removed from the shaft pipe up to close to the trough bottom, but only up to the closure cover located at a certain height above the floor. In the development according to claim 29, the upper end of the shaft pipe no longer has to be exposed over a wide area, but it is sufficient to expose the closure cover and to pull the extension pipe out of the shaft pipe a certain distance. Even after the closure cover has been removed, no parts of the earth cover can fall through the shaft pipe into the burial chamber.

Characterized in that in the embodiment according to claim 30 the longitudinal support walls have a greater length, a whole group of burial chambers can be accommodated within the support walls. Because the retaining walls are built in and then on Remaining in place, they ensure that when one of the burial chambers is opened for burial, in particular for subsequent burial, no earth from the surroundings can fall into the burial chamber or even break in in large quantities. This means that after the installation of the retaining walls and the burial chambers in the outside area, no earthwork is required.

Because the cover of the burial chambers is designed as a trough in which the earth cover is accommodated, the rest of this embodiment b have the same advantages as the embodiment according to claim 1.

Through an embodiment according to claim 31, the number of available burial chambers can be increased practically as desired.

By a configuration according to claim 32, a particularly narrow parting line between the longitudinal support walls and the transverse support walls is achieved, so that special sealing measures can be omitted.

In an embodiment according to claim 33, the supporting walls can be set up on the same earth level as the chamber rings. Through an embodiment according to claim 34, the support walls are not only supported from the outside by the filler material, but also weighted at the same time, which greatly increases their stability. In an embodiment according to claim 35, the support walls are weighed down by the weight of the burial chambers, so that their stability is also increased thereby.

With an embodiment according to claim 36, the spacers ensure that the chamber rings or base trays are not inadvertently placed too close to one another and thereby their troughs too close stand side by side, which could make it difficult to lift and place a single trough. In the development according to claim 37, the spacers do not have to be used separately. The chamber rings or floor troughs maintain the correct mutual distance by themselves, and they also support each other so that unevenness of the surface on which they are placed cannot lead to an inclination of adjacent chamber rings or floor troughs.

With an embodiment according to claim 38, on the one hand, open gaps between the individual burial chambers are avoided and, moreover, the possibility is created to arrange the burial chambers with such a large mutual distance and to make the cover plates so wide that one can also stand well across them to the burial chamber, without stepping on the ground cover of the neighboring burial chamber. The same applies in an embodiment according to claim 39 for the gap between the narrow sides of the burial chambers and the adjacent longitudinal support walls, although there the width of the cover plates can be kept smaller because a footpath or even a travel path is provided along the longitudinal support walls anyway on at least one side , through which the individual burial chambers can be reached.

With an embodiment according to claim 40, local irregularities of the floor of the pit for the burial chambers, in particular locally different load capacities of the floor, can be compensated for by the foot sleepers, because the floor sleepers can be made much longer than the width of the individual chamber rings or floor pans. Especially with an overlapping arrangement of the thresholds, it practically automatically levels the contact surface of the chamber rings or floor trays.

By an embodiment according to claim 41 it is ensured that the water emerging, for example, from the troughs cannot build up between the trough and the adjacent supporting wall, but can run off immediately below the chamber rings.

The fact that in the embodiment according to claim 42, the support ring is integrally formed on the chamber ring and is no longer a separate part, results in a very compact burial chamber, in which the installation on site is very simplified. There is no need to separately insert the support ring and, accordingly, to separate the support ring from the chamber part. This embodiment is particularly suitable for the individual installation of a burial chamber in an existing burial ground. Otherwise, the same advantages are given in this embodiment as in the embodiments according to claim 1 or claim 30.

Characterized in that in the embodiment according to claim 43 the chamber part is provided on a narrow side with a support wall which extends laterally beyond the plane of alignment of the longitudinal walls of the chamber part, in particular when new burial grounds are created, a larger number of these burial chambers can be found in a common pit Simply place larger dimensions next to each other. The adjoining retaining walls of the individual burial chambers form an externally closed retaining wall for the entire row of burial chambers, which makes no further measures necessary to support the subsequently filled up soil. This embodiment of the burial chamber is particularly suitable for the creation of a two-row burial field, in which an intermediate space, for example for a path, is not required between the two rows of burial chambers. Then the burial chambers can be set up in two closely adjacent rows, within which their narrow sides face each other without a supporting wall.

An embodiment according to claim 44 facilitates the parallel alignment of the burial chambers when they are lined up by the spacers.

Grave chambers designed according to claim 45 are particularly suitable for a single-row burial ground, in which the support walls present on both sides form a closed longitudinal support wall for the entire burial ground on both long sides of the burial ground. This allows a greater distance between two burial fields, for example to create a path. This embodiment therefore comes into consideration, inter alia, for those burial grounds which, due to the topographical conditions of the cemetery, must be laid out in terraces.

A grave chamber designed according to claim 46 is particularly suitable due to the supporting wall on its one long side for installation at the end of a grave field with grave chambers of the embodiment according to claim 42 or according to claim 43. The same applies to a grave chamber designed according to claim 47, in which the Retaining wall is formed directly on the long side of the chamber part. The first-mentioned embodiment makes it possible to implement a grave system with grave chambers, which are all identical to one another. The latter embodiment differs from the other burial chambers of the same row by the support wall formed on the long side. But it also makes the separate manufacture and above all the separate installation of an independent retaining wall at the end of the row unnecessary.

The embodiments of the burial chambers according to claim 42 or 43 can of course also be designed according to claim 48.

Through an embodiment according to claim 49, a burial chamber with a gas lock with a biological effect Odor filter created. Through a further development according to claim 50, this gas lock can also be arranged outside the trough on a side wall of the chamber part, in particular when the individual grave chambers are lined up in a grave field with a sufficiently large mutual distance.

Fig. 1

einen Längsschnitt einer Grabkammer für Zweifachbelegung, zum Teil mit zwei verschiedenen Ausführungsformen;

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt der Grabkammer nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht eines Stützringes der Grabkammer nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 4

einen Querschnitt einer Bodenwanne der Grabkammer nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 5

einen Querschnitt eines Kammerringes der Grabkammer nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 6

einen Querschnitt einer Bodenplatte der Grabkammer nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 7

einen Vertikalschnitt einer Gasschleuse der Grabkammer nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 8

und 9 je einen ausschnittweise und vergrößert dargestellten Vertikalschnitt bzw. Horizontalschnitt der Gasschleuse nach Fig. 7;

Fig. 10

einen ausschnittweise dargestellten Längsschnitt einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform der Grabkammer;

Fig. 11

einen Querschnitt der Grabkammer nach Fig. 10;

Fig. 12

eine Draufsicht der Grabkammer nach Fig. 10;

Fig. 13

und 14 je einen ausschnittweise dargestellten Längsschnitt zweier abgewandelter weiterer Ausführungsformen der Grabkammer;

Fig. 15

einen Längsschnitt einer weiteren abgewandelten Ausführungsform der Grabkammer;

Fig. 16

einen teilweise geschnitten dargestellten abgewandelten Ausschnitt der Grabkammer nach Fig. 15;

Fig. 17

einen Längsschnitt einer Grabkammer und einen Querschnitt zweier Längsstützwände;

Fig. 18

einen Querschnitt der Grabkammer nach Fig. 17;

Fig. 19

eine Draufsicht einer einzelnen Grabkammer nach Fig. 17;

Fig. 20

eine ausschnittweise dargestellte Draufsicht einer Gruppe von Grabkammern, zum Teil bei abgenommener Abdeckung;

Fig. 21

eine Ansicht einer Querstützwand;

Fig. 22

eine Seitenansicht der Querstützwand nach Fig. 21;

Fig. 23

einen ausschnittweise und vergrößert dargestellten Querschnitt zweier benachbarter Grabkammern;

Fig. 24

einen ausschnittweise dargestellten Querschnitt einer Grabkammer mit abgewandelter Längsstützwand und mit einer Bodenschwelle;

Fig. 25

eine Draufsicht auf zwei Grabkammern mit Bodenschwellen nach Fig. 24.

Fig. 26

einen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Grabkammer:

Fig. 27

einen ausschnittweise dargestellten Längsschnitt der Grabkammer nach Fig. 26:

Fig. 28

einen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Grabkammer, mit abgenommenem Trog:

Fig. 29

eine ausschnittweise dargestellte Seitenansicht der Grabkammer nach Fig. 28;

Fig. 30

eine Draufsicht der Gabkammer nach Fig. 28, mit ausschnittweise dargestellten Nachbarkammern;

Fig. 31

einen Längsschnitt der Grabkammer nach Fig. 28;

Fig. 32

einen ausschnittweise dargestellten Querschnitt einer Grabkammer mit einer Gasschleuse;

Fig. 33

eine Seitenansicht der Gasschleuse nach Fig. 30.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to several exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a longitudinal section of a burial chamber for double occupancy, partly with two different embodiments;

Fig. 2

a cross section of the burial chamber of FIG. 1;

Fig. 3

a plan view of a support ring of the burial chamber of FIG. 1;

Fig. 4

a cross section of a floor pan of the burial chamber of FIG. 1;

Fig. 5

a cross section of a chamber ring of the burial chamber of FIG. 1;

Fig. 6

a cross section of a bottom plate of the burial chamber of FIG. 1;

Fig. 7

a vertical section of a gas lock of the burial chamber of FIG. 1;

Fig. 8

and 9 each show a cutaway and enlarged vertical section or horizontal section of the gas lock according to FIG. 7;

Fig. 10

a fragmentary longitudinal section of a modified embodiment of the burial chamber;

Fig. 11

a cross section of the burial chamber of FIG. 10;

Fig. 12

a plan view of the burial chamber of FIG. 10;

Fig. 13

and FIG. 14 each shows a longitudinal section shown in detail of two modified further embodiments of the burial chamber;

Fig. 15

a longitudinal section of a further modified embodiment of the burial chamber;

Fig. 16

a modified section of the burial chamber shown in FIG. 15, shown partially in section;

Fig. 17

a longitudinal section of a burial chamber and a cross section of two longitudinal support walls;

Fig. 18

a cross section of the burial chamber of FIG. 17;

Fig. 19

a plan view of a single burial chamber of FIG. 17;

Fig. 20

a fragmentary plan view of a group of burial chambers, partly with the cover removed;

Fig. 21

a view of a transverse support wall;

Fig. 22

a side view of the transverse support wall of FIG. 21;

Fig. 23

a detail and enlarged cross-section of two adjacent burial chambers;

Fig. 24

a section of a cross-section of a burial chamber with modified longitudinal support wall and with a threshold;

Fig. 25

24 shows a plan view of two burial chambers with thresholds according to FIG. 24.

Fig. 26

a cross section of another embodiment of the burial chamber:

Fig. 27

26 shows a longitudinal section of the burial chamber according to FIG. 26:

Fig. 28

a cross section of a further embodiment of the burial chamber, with the trough removed:

Fig. 29

a fragmentary side view of the burial chamber of FIG. 28;

Fig. 30

a plan view of the dispensing chamber of Figure 28, with adjacent chambers shown in sections.

Fig. 31

a longitudinal section of the burial chamber of FIG. 28;

Fig. 32

a fragmentary cross-section of a burial chamber with a gas lock;

Fig. 33

a side view of the gas lock according to FIG. 30.

The burial chamber 20 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is designed for double burial. It has two individual chambers 21 and 22 which are arranged one above the other. In the area of the individual chamber 21 below, the burial chamber 20 is shown in two different embodiments, which can be used depending on the geological and / or mineralogical conditions prevailing at the installation site.

The embodiment of the burial chamber shown on the left in FIGS. 1 and 2, which for better distinction is referred to as burial chamber 20a, has two chamber rings 23 which are identical to one another and are arranged one above the other. The burial chamber 20b shown on the right in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a base pan 24 in the region of the lower individual chamber 21 and a chamber ring 23 above it. The chamber rings 23 and the floor pan 24 have an internal clearance H1 which is at least equal to the height prescribed for a burial chamber or individual chamber. This is generally 80 cm.

For simple burial or individual burial, such a burial chamber is only equipped with either a chamber ring 23 or a floor pan 24.

The overhead single chamber 22 is closed at the top by a cover which is designed as a trough 25. The trough 25 is surrounded by a support ring 26 at a short distance.

The chamber ring 23 has an annularly closed peripheral wall 27 which has a rectangular plan area. It is open at the bottom. The floor pan 24 also has an all-round closed peripheral wall 28 which is largely the same as the peripheral wall 27 of the chamber ring 23 and has the same plan area. At the lower end of the circumferential wall 28, a floor 29 connects, which together with the Circumferential wall 28 is made in one piece. The chamber ring 23 and the floor pan 24, ie their peripheral wall 28 and floor 29, are made of reinforced concrete.

As can already be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, but can still be seen more clearly from FIG. 5, the chamber ring 23 has a circumferential skirting 31 on the inside in the region of its lower edge. The upper side 32 of the inner ring 33 extends downwards inward (FIG. 5). In the case of the chamber ring which is open at the bottom, this skirting board 31 serves to receive a base plate 34 which is generally composed of a plurality of individual plates 35 and 36, as can be seen in particular from the individual chamber 22 (FIG. 1).

The base plate 34 is generally subdivided in the longitudinal direction of the burial chamber 20, it being expedient to provide an odd number of individual plates 35 and 36, for example two individual plates 35 and one single plate 36, as can be seen in FIG. 1 for the upper individual chamber 22 is. The individual plates 35 and 36 have on three sides an outer edge 37 facing the wall 29 of the chamber ring 23, which is matched to the top 32 of the skirting 31 on the chamber ring 23, in particular has the same inclination as the top 32. In the case of the individual plates 35 and 36 arranged in the composite, the mutually facing edges are referred to as the inner edge for better distinction, specifically for the individual plate 35 as the inner edge 38 and for the single plate 36 as the inner edge 39. These have the same inclination as the outer edges 37 with respect to the vertical (or horizontal). They only differ in the direction of inclination. In the case of the single plate 35, the cross-sectional area is a parallelogram and its inner edge 38 facing the center of the burial chamber 20 is aligned parallel to the outer edge 37 facing the chamber ring 23. These two edges 37 and 38 can interchange their function if the single plate 35 pivots through 180 ° becomes. The cross-sectional area of the single plate 36 is a trapezoid that is symmetrical to the central perpendicular. Their two inner edges 39 therefore have a direction of inclination that is opposite to one another at the same angle of inclination. In the case of the single plate 36, one of its inner edges 39 could also become the outer edge in that this single plate is arranged at the beginning (or at the end) of the plate assembly instead of a single plate 35. The laying of the individual plate 35 and 36 is facilitated by the fact that in the longitudinal direction of the burial chamber 20, the individual plates 35 with the parallelogram-shaped cross section are arranged at the two ends of the plate assembly and the single plate 36 with the trapezoidal cross section is inserted in the middle, similar to the keystone of a vault. As a result, the two outer individual plates 35 are pressed outwards until they abut against the skirting board 31.

Such a design of the chamber ring 23 with a skirting board 31 and with a base plate 34 which can be inserted therein is also suitable for those burial chambers whose cover is not designed as a trough and the uppermost part of which is not surrounded by a support ring or by adjoining support walls.

The upper edge of the chamber ring 23 and the base pan 24 is provided with a circumferential edge profile 41, which is identical in both parts. This edge profile 41 is formed by a groove 42 which has a V-shaped cross section. It is generally arranged symmetrically to the center plane of the peripheral wall 29 or 27 in question. The lower edge of the chamber ring 23 is also provided with an edge profile 43. It is designed as a counter profile to the upper edge profile 41. It is formed by a circumferential roof-shaped rib that fits exactly into the groove 42.

The trough 25 is designed similar to the floor pan 24. It has an annularly closed peripheral wall 45 and a bottom 46 made in one piece therewith. Its upper edge 47 is flat. On the underside of the bottom 46, in the continuation of the circumferential wall 45, there is a peripheral edge profile 48 which is formed on the chamber ring 23 like the lower edge profile 43 and is formed by a rib 49 shaped like a roof.

The trough 25 has a certain clear height H2, which is generally about 60 cm. At a certain height H3 above the floor 46, the trough 25 has a number of drainage openings 51. This height H3 is approximately 10 cm. The trough 25 receives the usual earth cover 52 of the burial chamber 20.

The support ring 26 has an annularly closed peripheral wall 53. Its upper edge 54 is flat and at least approximately flush with the likewise flat upper edge 47 of the trough 25 (FIGS. 1 and 2). The peripheral wall 53 surrounds the trough 25 at a short distance, which measures only a few cm.

At the lower edge of the support ring 26 there is a skirting 55 projecting inwards. It runs obliquely downward from the peripheral wall 53 and then upwards again for a certain distance. The skirting 55 has the clear internal dimensions of the chamber ring 23. In the area of the plan projection of the peripheral wall 45 of the trough 25, the skirting 55 has an upper edge profile 56 on the upper side and a lower edge profile 57 on the underside. The upper edge profile 56 of the skirting 55 is largely the same as the upper edge profile 41 of the chamber rings 23 and the floor pan 24. The lower edge profile 57 of the skirting 55 is largely identical to the lower edge profile 43 of the chamber rings 23.

Two gas locks 58 are arranged in the trough 25, which enable gas and air to be exchanged between the interior of the burial chamber 20 and the surroundings. This exchange always occurs when, as a result of fluctuations in the atmospheric air pressure, an overpressure and an underpressure sometimes occur compared to the gas volume present in the interior of the burial chamber 20. When the gas is exchanged from the inside to the outside, the earth cover 52 in the trough 25 acts as an odor filter which absorbs the gaseous decomposition products. These substances are broken down by the small living beings present in the earth cover 52 insofar as they are organic in nature.

In order to enable gas exchange between the interior of the trough chamber 20 and the surroundings, the gas locks 58 are connected in a gas-tight and watertight manner to a through opening 59 in the bottom 46 of the trough 25 (FIG. 1). The gas lock 58 has a cup-shaped housing 61 and a cover 62.

The peripheral wall 63 of the housing 61 has the shape of a truncated cone surface which widens upwards. A flat bottom 64 adjoins the lower edge of the peripheral wall 63. This has a circular through hole 65 in its center. This is surrounded by a collar 66 protruding from the bottom 64 into the interior of the housing 61. The upper section 67 of a pipe socket 68 projects into the through hole 65 and the collar 66, the lower section 69 of which is inserted into the through hole 59 in the bottom 46 of the trough 25 and is sealed against the passage of gas and water. The easiest way to do this is that the pipe socket 68 is firmly glued into the through opening 59 with an adhesive which also acts as a sealing compound. An outer collar 71, which is either integrally formed on the pipe socket 68 or which is produced as an independent part in the manner of a flange ring, ensures the correct fit of the pipe socket 68 in the through opening 59 and then firmly connected to the smooth pipe socket 68, either welded or glued.

For the gas and water impermeable seal between the pipe socket 68 and the housing 61, a sealing ring 72 is provided, which is inserted into a circumferential groove on the outside of the upper section 67 of the pipe socket 68. This circumferential groove is most easily formed by constricting the wall of the pipe socket 68.

Gas passage openings 73 are arranged in a plurality of rows in the peripheral wall 63 of the housing 61. Two rows are indicated in FIGS. 1 and 7. The gas passage openings 73 are expediently arranged on the bottom 74 of individual nose-shaped bulges 75 of the housing wall 63 (FIGS. 8 and 9). Instead of the nose-shaped bulges 75, circumferential shoulders can also be formed in the peripheral wall 63, in whose at least approximately horizontally aligned bottom part the gas passage openings 73 are arranged.

The formation of the housing wall 63 as a downwardly tapering truncated cone surface and the arrangement of the gas passage openings 73 on a horizontal section of the housing wall 63 cause water that runs down or seeps down, for example, as irrigation water or rainwater in the earth cover 52 of the trough 25, initially hardly ever reaches the outside of the inclined circumferential wall 63, and even if that should occur, it cannot flow into the interior of the gas lock 58 through the gas passage openings against gravity. The fact that the housing wall 63 widens towards the top, and because the gas passage openings 73 are arranged precisely in the upper enlarged area of the housing wall 63, the gas passage openings 73 are distributed over a relatively large one Surface, which makes gas exchange much easier. In addition, a relatively large volume area of the earth cover 52 is used as a filter for the escaping gases. This improves the filter effect.

The uppermost section 76 of the peripheral wall 63 is cylindrical. The cover 62 designed as a slip lid is placed on it and has on its outer edge a cylindrical wall section 77 which is matched to the cylindrical wall section 76 of the housing 61.

To support the cover 62 against the load on the overlying earth cover 52, the interior of the gas lock 58 is filled with porous pieces of slag or a comparable material up to the height of the cover. This filling is introduced into the gas lock 58 when the housing 61 is placed on the pipe socket 68 at the bottom of the trough 25. After the slag filling has been introduced, the cover 62 is put on. The earth cover 52 can then be filled into the trough 25 and planted as desired.

Instead of filling the slag, the gas lock 58 can also be filled with red compost 3. Then the gas lock also acts as an odor filter. Since the biocompost is relatively fine-crumbly, the pipe socket 68 must be provided with a cover which is permeable to the gases but not to the compost. Another possibility is to cover the opening of the pipe socket 68 and to make through holes in the peripheral wall of the pipe socket. If necessary, the pipe socket in its upper part is longer than is shown in Fig. 7.

The dimensions of the gas lock 58 and in particular the height of the gas passage openings 73 are matched to the conditions of the trough 25 so that the lower edge of the lowest-lying gas passage openings 73 are located a certain amount H4 above the drainage openings 51 of the trough 25. This dimension H4 should not be less than 3 cm. On the other hand, the highest gas passage openings 73 should be covered by the earth cover 52 by a certain amount H5. This dimension H5 should be at least approximately 40 cm.

So that the water emerging from the trough 25 through the drainage openings 51, in particular rainwater or excess irrigation water, can run freely, 53 drainage openings 78 are provided on the support ring 26 in the lower region of its wall. Your inlet opening is outside the upper edge profile 56 of the skirting board 55, but as close as possible next to it. The water drainage openings 78 expediently run obliquely downward and open outside the plan area of the chamber rings 23. As a result, the outflowing water can emerge unhindered into the ballast filling 79, which surrounds the burial chamber 20 from the upper edge to at least the middle height area of the upper chamber ring 23 on the outside. This ballast filling 79 ensures that the outflowing water can be distributed over the largest possible area of the soil surrounding the burial chamber 20.

So that the gap between the trough 25 and the support ring 26 does not fill up gradually with earth and / or sand, as a result of which the outflow of the water emerging from the trough 25 through the outlet openings 78 in the support ring 26 could be hindered, and thereby also the later lifting of the trough 25 could be hindered from the support ring 26, this gap is covered with cover strips 81. They have a T-shaped profile, the web part of which is matched to the gap width of the gap between the trough 25 and the support ring 26. The cover strips 81 themselves, ie the flange part of the T-profile, extends to both sides by a certain distance on the upper edge 47 of the trough 25 and the upper edge 53 of the support ring 26 out. The easiest way to manufacture them is from a thermoplastic as a molded plastic part. The cover strips 81 can, however, also be designed as cover strips which are produced from a material of lower dimensional stability, for example from rubber. These cover tapes also have a T-shaped profile and have on one side a web part which is inserted into the gap between the trough 25 and the support ring 26 and thereby holds the cover tape in place.

At the corners of the burial chamber 20, the cover strips 81 or the corresponding cover strips are mitred so that the gap in the corners is covered as completely as possible.

The burial chamber 20 is constructed or installed in such a way that either a chamber ring 23 or a floor pan 24 is placed on the leveled bottom of a pit. The choice between the chamber ring 23 and the floor pan 24 depends on whether little or no groundwater, backwater and stratified water must be expected at the installation site or whether this may be the case to a very large extent or may be occasional. The chamber ring 23 placed on the bottom of the pit can remain open in favorable soil conditions. In most cases, however, it should be expedient to equip the chamber ring 23 with a base plate 34, which is composed, for example, of two individual plates 35 and one individual plate 36.

If the burial chamber is only intended for a single burial, ie for the reception of only a single coffin, the support ring 26 is placed on the chamber ring 23 or on the floor pan 24 and the trough 25 is inserted therein.

In the burial chamber 20 (Fig. 1), which is for a double burial, i.e. intended to hold two coffins one above the other, a second chamber ring 23 is placed on the lower chamber ring 23 or the floor pan 24. Only then is the support ring 26 and the trough 25 placed. If the burial chamber 20 has not yet been buried in the lower individual chamber 21, the upper chamber ring 23 remains open, i.e. a base plate is initially not inserted into it. This takes place only after the lower individual chamber 21 has been occupied. Thereafter, the upper individual chamber 22 is available at any time for a second burial.

When installing or installing a burial chamber 20, it is expedient to insert a water-impermeable sealing compound between two parts that are seated one on top of the other or one on top of the other or that abut one another, which is not visible in detail in FIGS. 1 and 2 and which is only represented by those with a small mutual distance Outlines of the individual parts is symbolized. This applies both to the transition point between the lower and the upper chamber ring 23, for the transition point between the floor pan 24 and the chamber ring 23 sitting above it, for the transition point of the upper chamber ring 23 to the support ring 26 and for the transition point between the support ring 26 and the trough 25 However, it also applies to the support locations of the base plate 34, both for the outer edges facing the chamber ring 23 and for the facing inner edges of the individual plates 35 and 36. In this way, the burial chamber 20 is protected against any ingress of groundwater, layer water, Backwater and the like sealed.

In the case of particularly unfavorable soil conditions, it is also expedient to cover all outer surfaces of the burial chamber 20, that is to say both the bottom 29 and the peripheral wall 28 of the base pan 24, and also the peripheral wall 27 of the chamber ring 23 to be provided with a water-impermeable coating. This also applies in the event that a chamber ring 23 with a base plate 34 is arranged at the lowest point of the burial chamber 20, unless a base pan 24 has been used for this.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, a bottom plate 34 is inserted in the burial chamber 20 following the first burial in the lower individual chamber 21 in the region of the upper chamber ring 23. So that the decomposition process in the lower individual chamber 21 is not hindered, the individual plates 35 and 36 used for the base plate 34 are provided with circular cylindrical through holes 82 (FIGS. 2 and 6). These through holes 82 remain open in the bottom plate of the upper single chamber 22. Insofar as the lower individual chamber 21 also has a chamber ring 23, in which a base plate 34 is inserted, the through holes in its individual plates 35 and 36 are generally closed by means of sealing plugs 83, which are inserted into the through holes 82 in a gas-tight and watertight manner, specifically in generally glued into it. These sealing plugs 83 make it possible to manage with a single embodiment of the individual plates 35 and 36, and not to have to keep two types of individual plates, those with and those without passage extinguishers, in stock.

As soon as a second burial in the upper individual chamber 22 is to be carried out in the burial chamber 20 after a first burial in the lower individual chamber 21, the through holes 82 of the base plate 34 of the upper individual chamber 22 are closed by means of sealing plugs 84 (FIG. 6) in order to prevent unpleasant odors during to avoid the second burial. These plugs 84, which are only used temporarily, are expediently made of an elastic material so that they can be easily inserted and can also be easily removed. These sealing plugs 84 are provided with a cap 85, which additionally seals the through hole 82 in the relevant single plate 35 or 36 and also ensures the correct seating of the sealing plug 84 in the through hole 82. In addition, these plugs 84 are provided with an eyelet 86, which is either integrally formed on the cap 85 or, if it is made of metal, for example, hooked into openings in the cap 85 or pulled through it. A pulling element 87 is fastened to each eyelet 86, which is designed, for example, as a cord or thin rope, but can also be designed as a chain. These traction elements 87 should have a length which extends at least from the sealing plug 84 inserted on the individual plates 35 and 36 to outside the upper edge of the support ring 26, so that the sealing plugs 84 are pulled out from outside the burial chamber 20 after the second burial by means of the traction elements 87 can. This is generally done shortly before the trough 25 is inserted into the support ring 26 in order to reduce any odor nuisance as much as possible for the cemetery staff as well.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3, a foundation 88 for a tombstone 89 is arranged on the support ring 26 on a narrow side. This tombstone foundation 88 is designed as a widening of the wall 53 and is integrally formed on the outside thereof. The steel reinforcement of the support ring 26 designed as a reinforced concrete part extends into the gravestone foundation 88.

A burial chamber 90 can be seen from FIGS. 10 to 12, which is partially modified with respect to the burial chamber 20.

The burial chamber 90 is only intended for a single burial and therefore has only a single individual chamber 91.

The burial chamber 90 has a chamber ring 92, which is designed like the chamber ring 23. It is closed at the bottom by a base plate 93 which, like the base plate 34, is formed from individual plates 35 and 36. The chamber ring 92 is covered at the top by the trough 94, which is designed like the trough 25 and which, like this one, contains one or more gas locks, such as the gas locks 58, and around it receives the earth cover of the burial chamber 90.

The trough 94 is surrounded on each of its two long sides by a supporting wall 95 and on one narrow side by a supporting wall 96 at a short distance. These support walls extend from the top 97 of the trough 94 down to the height of the chamber ring 92. The support walls 95 and 96 are supported in the vertical direction on the soil surrounding the chamber ring 92, in particular on the backfilling of the chamber ring.

The support walls 95 and 96 are designed as individual panels, specifically as corrugated panels, as indicated in FIG. 12. Their wave crests and wave valleys are aligned vertically. The end panels are attached to each other at their ends.

These corrugated sheets are made of composite materials in such a way that a corrugated base part, for example in the form of a corrugated sheet made of plastic or in the form of a corrugated metal sheet or in the form of a corrugated sheet made of expanded metal, is coated on one or both sides with concrete or a comparable material.

A grave stone foundation 98 is arranged on one narrow side of the burial chamber 90 and extends from the height of the upper side 97 of the trough 94 down to the height of the chamber ring 92. There it is on the side outstanding metal bracket 99 and firmly connected to the chamber ring 92 by means of wall plugs 101 and by means of screws 102.

In the grave chamber 90, the gap between the trough 94 and the support walls 95 and 96 and the grave stone foundation 98 is covered with cover plates 103 and 104, respectively. Like the cover strips 81, these have a T-shaped profile, the web part 105 of the T-profile in turn being matched to the clear gap width. In the cover plates 103 used in the corrugated sheets 95 and 96, the main part, i.e. the flange part of the T-profile, arranged or formed asymmetrically to the web part 105. It has on one side of the web part 105 a plate part 106 which extends to the outer edge of the corrugated sheets 95 and 96 and also covers the cavities of its corrugated profile on the inside. The plate part 107 located on the other side extends only a certain distance over the upper side 97 of the trough 94. In the cover plate 104, which is used in the gravestone foundation 98, the main part 108 forming the flange part of the T-profile can be formed symmetrically to the web part 105 and have only a relatively small extension on both sides.

In the grave chamber 110 shown in detail in FIG. 13, the support ring 111 is modified with respect to the support ring 26 in such a way that its circumferential wall 112 is made uniformly thick all around, that is to say that it does not have a widening on either narrow side, which serves as a grave stone foundation. For this purpose, a foundation 114 for a tombstone 115 is provided on the trough 113 on one narrow side. This tombstone foundation 114 is arranged on the inside of the circumferential wall 116 of the trough 113, and is integrally formed thereon, the steel reinforcement of the trough 113 extending into the tombstone foundation 114.

In the case of the burial chamber 110, the grave stone 115 can remain on its foundation 114 during a subsequent burial (following a previous burial). It is lifted from the burial chamber together with the trough 113 and later reinserted with it into the support ring 111.

In the burial chamber 120 shown in FIG. 14, the support ring 121, like the support ring 111 (FIG. 13), is designed with a circumferentially thick circumferential wall 122 all around. The trough 123 is also designed with a circumferentially uniform circumferential wall 124, as is the case with the trough 25 (FIG. 1). To create a sufficiently wide foundation for a tombstone 125, a base part 126 is arranged within the trough 123, which is set up on one narrow side of the trough 123 next to the peripheral wall 124. It stands on the floor 127 of the trough 123 and has such a height that its flat upper edge 128 is flush with the likewise flat upper edge 129 of the trough 123. The base part 126 is advantageously anchored to the adjacent section of the trough wall 124. This is done, for example, by means of a few screws, which are either inserted through through holes in the trough wall 124 and screwed into wall plugs, which are inserted into blind holes in the base part 126, or which are screwed through through holes in the base part 126 into wall dowels, which are screwed into blind holes in the Trough wall 124 are inserted. If the anchoring is made sufficiently strong, the base does not have to sit on the floor but can be restricted to the upper section to save weight.

From Fig. 15 a trough 131 can be seen, which is modified compared to the trough 25 in such a way that it has, in Fig. 15 on the left side, a circular cylindrical through hole 133 in its bottom 132, the inside diameter of which is larger than the outside diameter the usual urns is. This through hole 133 is closed in a gastight and watertight manner by means of a cover 134. In the through hole 133 in the bottom 132, a pipe socket 135 made of plastic is expediently inserted in a gastight and watertight manner, and is best glued therein. This pipe socket forms a smooth lining of the through hole 133. The cover 134 is designed as a pot cover, which has a cylindrical collar 136. A sealing ring is arranged either on the pipe socket 136 or on the collar 136 of the cover 134, which ensures the necessary sealing between the cover 135 and the through hole 133.

The through hole 133 is best arranged on that narrow side of the trough 131 on which the tombstone is also arranged. Then it can be expected that the planting in the trough is only of relatively low stature and it is therefore not difficult to remove the earth cover in the trough above the through hole 133 in order to expose the cover 134. Then, after removing cover 134, an urn can be lowered into the burial chamber. The cover 134 is then replaced and the removed part of the earth cover is refilled.

15 shows on the right side a modified embodiment of the through hole and the cover for an urn burial, which can be used instead of the simple embodiment on the left side.

A shaft pipe 138 is inserted in the through hole 137 in the trough bottom 132 in a gastight and watertight manner, similar to the case with the pipe socket 135. To ensure the correct height, the shaft pipe 138 is provided with a collar 139, which is either molded onto it or is subsequently attached to the smooth shaft pipe 138. The shaft pipe 138 protrudes from the trough bottom 132 up to a certain height H6 in the earth cover in the trough 131.

The cover 141, which closes the upper end of the shaft pipe 138, is designed as a slip cover, which is sealed in a watertight manner against the shaft pipe 158 by means of a sealing ring 143. The sealing ring 142 can be arranged both on the shaft pipe and on the lip 143 d of cover 149. The height H6 is expediently dimensioned such that the height H7 remaining up to the top of the earth cover in the trough 131 is greater than the processing depth of the earth cover customary for the planting of the trough 131, so that the cover 141 is not damaged.

A lock is expediently provided between the upper end of the tube 138 and the cover 141. This can be formed by a few threads of an external or internal thread, which are attached to the facing cylindrical surfaces of the shaft tube and the Dec, generally on it are molded. The lock can also be formed by a kind of Renkver lock (bayonet lock). Such a lock ensures that when exposing the upper end of the shaft pipe 138 by means of any Grabw witness the cover 141 can not be accidentally, especially not untimely, lifted off and there is a risk that the mouth of the shaft pipe 138 vice part of the earth cover falls into the then open shaft pipe hi.

16 shows a modification of the device for an urn burial. In the shaft pipe 145, since the trough bottom 132 is inserted in a gastight and watertight manner, an extension pipe 146 is guided so as to be longitudinally displaceable. To abdic these two pipes, a sealing ring 148 is inserted on the shaft pipe 145 in a peripheral extension 147, which is known from the socket pipes. This Dichtu ring 148 seals the extension tube 146 in every relative against gas and water passage. The lid is 149 detachably connected to the extension tube 146 and at the same time sealed, as was explained for the shaft tube 138 and the cover 141, a locking between the two parts also being expedient here.

The extension tube 146 extends out of the shaft tube 145 down into the interior of the burial chamber at the lower end. At its lower edge a stop ring 151 is arranged, which is generally manufactured as an independent part and then connected to the extension tube 146. In the position of the extension tube 146 shown in FIG. 16, the stop ring 151 is removed from the trough bottom 132 by the distance by which the extension tube 146 should be able to be pulled out of the shaft tube 145 upwards.

A further stop ring 152 is indicated on the shaft pipe 146 in the region of the upper end. It prevents the extension tube 146 from being accidentally inserted too far into the shaft tube 145. This upper stop ring 152 is expediently part of the locking mechanism by means of which the cover 149 is detachably connected to the extension tube 146, as was explained for the shaft tube 138 and the cover 141. The upper stop ring 152 can also be formed by the parts of the lock itself connected to the extension tube 146.

With this configuration of the parts for an urn burial, it is possible to remove the earth cover as far as the cover 149 and then to pull the extension tube 146 out of the shaft tube 145 by a certain distance. This reduces the risk that parts of the earth covering the earth cover surrounding the shaft pipe 145 and the pull-out pipe 146 fall into the pull-out pipe 146 and through this into the burial chamber. As a result, the excavation does not have to be carried out as extensively as with the shaft pipe 138 without an extension pipe. After the completion of the Urn burial, the lid 149 is put back on the pull-out pipe 146 and then the pull-out pipe 146 is pushed back into its lowered starting position back into the shaft pipe 145. Then the previously excavated part of the earth cover is refilled over the lid 149.

In view of the long lifespan and period of use of the burial chamber, which spans several decades, during which the type of use of the burial chamber can change between mere burials and burials with occasional or frequent urn burials, it is advisable to plant the burial trough from the outset in accordance with the To produce trough 131 with the embodiment shown on the left in FIG. 15 and to equip it from the beginning with a through hole 133, which is tightly closed by means of a cover 134. Then a shaft pipe according to the shaft pipe 138 or, better still, a shaft pipe 145 with an extension pipe 146 can also be used for urn burials.

The burial chamber 160 shown in FIG. 17 has a base trough 161 and a trough 162. The trough 162 serves as a cover for the base trough 161. The base trough 161 is largely identical to the base trough 24 (FIGS. 1 and 2), and the trough 162 largely corresponds to the trough 25.

The floor pan 161 has an annularly closed peripheral wall 163 which has a rectangular plan area. At the lower end of the peripheral wall 163 there is a floor 164, which is made in one piece with the peripheral wall 163. The floor pan 161 is made of reinforced concrete.

The upper edge of the floor pan 161 is provided with a peripheral edge profile 165. It is formed by a groove 166 which has a V-shaped cross section. It is arranged symmetrically to the center plane of the peripheral wall 163.

The trough 162 is designed similar to the floor pan 161. It has an annularly closed peripheral wall 167 and a bottom 168 which is produced in one piece therewith. Its top edge 169 is flat. On the underside of the bottom 168, in the continuation of the peripheral wall 167, there is a circumferential edge profile 171, which is designed as a counter profile to the upper edge profile 165 of the bottom trough 161. It is formed by a circumferential roof-shaped rib 172 which fits exactly into the groove 166.

The trough 162 has a certain clear height, which is generally about 60 cm. At a certain height above the floor 168, the trough 162 has a series of drainage openings 173. The trough 162 receives an earth cover 174.

Gas locks (not shown) are arranged in the trough 162, which enable gas and air to be exchanged between the interior of the burial chamber 160 and the surroundings.

As can be seen from FIG. 20, a largely arbitrary number of burial chambers 160 are arranged next to one another at a certain mutual distance, their long sides being aligned parallel to one another. So that this distance can be maintained during the installation of the burial chambers 160 without a great deal of measuring and straightening, the base troughs 161 have a spacer 175 on each of their long sides. It is designed as a rib 176 and is made in one piece with the peripheral wall 163. The ribs 176 begin a certain distance above the underside of the bottom 164 and also end a certain distance below the upper edge of the peripheral wall 163 (FIG. 2). The ribs 176 are aligned vertically. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the ribs 176 have a certain distance in the circumferential direction in the same circumferential direction from the center of the relevant long side of the peripheral wall 163, which is the same on both sides. With respect to the ribs 176, the Bottom tray 161, so to speak, symmetrically formed on the envelope. As a result, two adjacent burial chambers 160 are mutually supported on their long sides (FIG. 4).

As can be seen from FIG. 20, the group of burial chambers 160 is surrounded by two pairs of support walls, each of which is aligned parallel to one another in pairs and aligned at right angles to one another. For better differentiation, the two support walls running in the longitudinal direction of the group of burial chambers 160 are referred to as longitudinal support walls 181 and the support walls running transversely thereto are referred to as transverse support walls 182. Only one of the latter is shown in FIG. 20. The other is to be seen as standing outside the drawing sheet.

As can be seen from FIG. 17, the longitudinal support walls 181 are at a mutual distance which is equal to the length of the floor pan 161 in the height region of the floor pan 161. The wall section 181.1 located in this height area, with its wall surface 183 facing the burial chamber 160, lies directly against the outside of the floor pan 161, namely on the narrow side thereof. In the wall section 181.2 located in the height region of the trough 162, the wall surface 184 is set back from the wall surface 183 by a certain amount of approximately 2 to 3 cm, so that a corresponding gap 165 remains open between the wall section 181.2 and the outside of the trough 162. This makes it easier to lift and lift the trough 162 and to reinsert and lower the trough 162 onto the floor pan 161. The gap between the trough and the support walls can also be created in that the outside of the peripheral wall 167 is set back by a corresponding amount and the support walls 181 and 182 have flat wall surfaces throughout.

The transverse support walls 182 are arranged between the two longitudinal support walls 181. The width of the transverse support walls 182 is therefore equal to the clear distance between the longitudinal support walls 181. Since this distance is different for the wall sections 181.1 and 181.2, the transverse support wall 182 also has a different width (FIG. 21). The bottom wall section 182.1 has a width which is equal to the distance between the wall surfaces 183. The wall section 182.2 has a width which is equal to the distance between the wall surfaces 184. At the transition point from wall section 182.1 to wall section 182.2 there is a transition surface 186 which is matched to the transition surface between the two wall sections 181.1 and 181.2 of the longitudinal support walls 181. This is generally a flat surface that slopes downward.

In view of the fact that there is only one spacer in the form of the rib 176 on the grave chamber 160 adjacent to the transverse support wall 182 (FIG. 20), the transverse support wall 182 is also provided with a spacer 187 which, as in the case of the base troughs 161, is designed as a rib 188 and is generally the same shape as the ribs 176, but in any case the same height as this.

If the floor troughs in general or the floor trough adjacent to the cross support wall 182 is designed in particular on the longitudinal side facing the cross support wall 182 without the spacer 175 or has been removed for some reason, then the cross support wall 182 must also be designed without its spacer 187 and this if necessary to remove. In this case, the wall surface 191 of the wall section 182.2 facing the burial chambers 160 is set back by a certain amount of approximately 2 to 3 cm with respect to the wall surface 192 of the wall section 182.2, as was explained with regard to the wall surfaces of the inside of the longitudinal support walls 181. If this does not occur, the transverse support wall 182 can have a constant wall thickness over its entire height.

A modification of the longitudinal support walls 181 and the transverse support walls 182 is indicated in dash-dot lines in FIGS. 17 and 20. This modification relates to a baseboard 193 for the longitudinal support walls 181 and a baseboard 194 for the transverse support walls 182. These baseboards are generally arranged on the outside of the support walls facing away from the burial chambers. If necessary, they are made in one piece with the supporting wall in question, it also being expedient that the steel reinforcement of the supporting wall is carried at least a certain distance into the baseboard. These skirting boards perform two tasks. On the one hand, they increase the contact area or floor area of the associated support wall, as a result of which the surface pressure in the floor below the support wall caused by the weight of the support wall is reduced. On the other hand, they increase the stability of the associated support wall due to the weight of the filler material introduced above the skirting board.

Due to the spacers 175, the mutual distance between two burial chambers 160 is relatively large (FIG. 20). The gap 195 between them is correspondingly wide (FIG. 23). This is bridged by a number of cover plates 196. They have an approximately T-shaped profile, the web part 197 of which is matched to the gap 195 between the burial chambers 160, so that it forms a guide element for the cover plate 196. The cover plates 196 expediently extend to the inner edge 198 of the longitudinal wall 199 of the troughs 162.

Correspondingly, the gap 185 is bridged between the longitudinal support wall 181 and the burial chambers 160 (FIG. 20). Cover plates 201 are provided for this purpose, which are designed similarly to cover plates 196 and are provided with a web part which is matched to gap 185 is. These cover plates 201 also expediently extend on the one hand to the inner edge 202 of the transverse wall 203 of the trough 162 and on the other hand to the outer edge 204 of the longitudinal support wall 181.

24 and 25 show burial chambers 160 in which the accessories have been modified.

The burial chambers 160 rest on thresholds 205. These are arranged in two rows which are aligned parallel to the longitudinal support walls of the group of burial chambers 160. The thresholds 205 have a length that is a multiple of the width of the burial chambers 160. The thresholds 205 can be arranged one behind the other in their longitudinal direction, being aligned with one another. It is more convenient to arrange them laterally offset and at the same time to arrange them in their longitudinal direction so that they partially overlap each other (Fig. 25). It is expedient for the overlap area to be located in the region of the long side of a burial chamber 160 (FIG. 25).

Since the grave chambers 160 are located higher than the grave chambers 160 by the height of the thresholds compared to the surface 206 of the pit for the grave chambers 160, the supporting walls 207 used are higher than the grave chambers 160 by the height of the thresholds 205 the upper edge 208 is again level with the upper edge 169 of the troughs 162. Otherwise, the support walls 207 are largely identical to the support walls 181 and 182.

Because of the spacers 175, the individual grave chambers 160 have a sufficiently large mutual distance in the region of their long sides. Through this intermediate space, the water emerging from the troughs 162 through the drainage openings 173 (FIG. 17), for example rainwater or excess irrigation water, can readily be obtained flow away. Since the wall section 181.1 of the longitudinal support walls 181 lies tightly on the narrow sides of the floor troughs 161, it is expedient to provide one or more drainage grooves 209 running from top to bottom in this wall section 181.1. Then the water emerging in the region of the narrow sides of the troughs 162 can also drain away more easily.

The grave chamber 210 shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 is largely identical to the grave chamber 20 in terms of its basic geometric shape. It has a base trough 211 and a trough 212 serving as a cover. Insofar as individual parts are not explained separately below with regard to their design and / or arrangement, it can be assumed that they are designed and arranged to be the same or at least similar to the corresponding parts of the previously described exemplary embodiments and their configurations.

In the grave chamber 210, a chamber ring could be inserted between the bottom trough 211 and the trough 212 in order to create a second single chamber for double burial, as is the case with the grave chamber 20. Since the following explanations refer to both the burial chamber with a floor pan and a burial chamber with a chamber ring instead of the floor pan or with an additional chamber ring above the floor pan, these parts are sometimes referred to collectively as chamber parts.

The trough 212 of the burial chamber 210 is surrounded all around by a small support ring 213. It is molded onto the bottom trough 211 in the upper region of the peripheral wall 214. Between the vertically aligned wall part 215 and the peripheral wall 214 there is a transition part 216 with a cross-section. The water drain openings 217 are present in the transition part 216.

The peripheral wall 214 of the floor pan 211 extends a certain distance upwards beyond the transition part 216.

In view of the fact that the upper edge of the floor pan 211 is a certain distance above the transition part 216 of the support ring 213, the joint between the floor pan 211 and the trough 212 is also approximately the same distance above the water drain openings 217. This will in the joint sealant protects the water from excessive water penetration, even if the burial chamber is exposed to heavy precipitation.

The upper edge 218 of the support ring 213 is just like the upper edge 219 of the trough 212. The upper edge of the floor pan 211 again has an edge profile 221, which is formed by a circumferential channel with a V-shaped cross section. On the underside of the trough 212, the edge profile 222 is present as a counter profile to the upper edge profile 221. It is formed by a circumferential roof-shaped rib.

A gas lock 223 is arranged in the floor pan 211. It has two pipe sockets 224, each of which extends through a through hole 225 in the peripheral wall 214 of the base trough 211. The gas lock 223 is constructed in the manner of a siphon and contains a barrier liquid. In the event of overpressure in the vicinity of the burial chamber 210, the gas lock 223 allows the ambient air to easily flow into the interior 226 of the burial chamber. If there is an overpressure in the interior 226 in relation to the surroundings, the gas lock 223 also allows the excess gas volume to also flow out. The special barrier liquid is both germicidal and odor-binding, so that the escaping gases are hygienically safe.

In view of the fact that the gas exchange between the interior 226 of the burial chamber and the surroundings takes place via the gas lock 223 arranged in the base trough 211 and that the earth cover 227 in the trough 212 is relieved of the task of odor binding and the disinfection of the escaping gases, the thickness can the earth cover 227 can be kept much lower and be limited to the soil depth necessary for planting. The clear height of the trough 212 can therefore be reduced to approximately 30 cm to 40 cm. Accordingly, the total height of the trough and thus the required height of the support wall 213 also decrease.

The burial chambers shown in FIGS. 28 to 31 are more modified than the burial chambers explained so far.

The burial chamber 230 has a base trough 231 and a trough 232 placed thereon as a cover (FIG. 31). The floor pan 231 has the upper edge profile 233 at the upper edge. Accordingly, the trough 232 has the lower edge profile 234 on its underside. When using the burial chamber, a sealing compound is introduced into the joint.

The bottom trough 231 has on each of its two narrow sides a support wall 235 or 236, which is integrally formed on the associated wall section 237 or 238 of the peripheral wall 239. In longitudinal section with respect to the floor pan 231, the support walls 235 and 236 have the same cross section as the circumferential support ring 213 present in the floor pan 211 (FIG. 26). The support walls 235 and 236 connect a certain distance below the upper edge of the floor pan 231 with an inclined transition part 241 to the wall section 237 and 238 (FIGS. 29 and 31). The vertically aligned wall part 242 extends to the upper edge of the trough 232 placed on the floor pan 231. There is again a small distance between the inside of the support walls 235 and 236 and the trough 232.

As can be seen from FIGS. 28 and 30, the support walls 235 and 236 extend laterally beyond the plane of alignment of the respectively adjacent longitudinal wall 243 and 244 by a certain amount. The minimum value of this oversize is equal to half the clear distance between a support wall and the trough 232. However, this oversize can also be considerably larger, namely in each case half the desired mutual distance between two burial chambers in a row of burial chambers, as is shown in FIG. 20 is shown.

The support walls 235 and 236 have a constant width over their entire height and thus a flat end face 245 or 246. When grave chambers are lined up (FIG. 30), these end faces 245 and 246 of two adjacent burial chambers lie closely against one another and the individual support walls 235 or 236 thus form a continuous longitudinal support wall for the entire row of burial chambers.

So that in such a row of burial chambers the trough of the burial chamber arranged at the end of the row is also shielded on its long side against the adjacent soil, a further supporting wall 247 is arranged next to this burial chamber. It is designed as an independent part. Its height is equal to the height of the floor pan 231 including its support walls 235 and 236. The two end faces of the support wall 247 are matched to the inside 248 of the end walls facing it (FIG. 29). The support wall 247 is supported on the outside of the floor pan 231. In the area of the trough 232, it has a small distance from the outside thereof, as is also present between the trough and the two supporting walls 235 and 236 on the narrow sides of the burial chamber. This distance can be created by slightly resetting the support wall 235 in the height region of the trough 232 is, or also in that the outside of the trough is offset inward from the outside of the peripheral wall 239 of the floor pan 232. If after the installation of the row of burial chambers the support wall 247 is inserted next to the end of the burial chamber and the filling material is introduced and pounded on its outside, the support wall 247 has sufficient stability so that the distance to the trough is always maintained.

In addition to the burial chamber 230, FIG. 30 shows two further burial chambers 250 which are modified compared to the burial chamber 230. The modification consists essentially in the fact that in this burial chamber 250 there is a support wall 252 on the bottom trough 251 only on one narrow side, which is designed like the support wall 235.

The one support wall 252 forms, together with the support walls 252 in the same alignment line, of the grave chambers 250 adjacent on one side and with the support wall 235, and the grave chambers 230 adjacent on the other side again form a continuous longitudinal support wall for the row of grave chambers. In the area of the other narrow side there is no earth fill, but a second row of burial chambers with burial chambers of the same type, i.e. with only one supporting wall on one of the narrow sides, as indicated in FIG. 30 below the grave chamber 250 shown in full by the grave chamber 250 'shown in broken lines. This second row of burial chambers is arranged next to the first row of burial chambers with the same small distance that is maintained between the support walls 235 and 236 and the trough 232.

In order to make it easier to set up in parallel alignment with the burial chambers 250, the burial chamber 250 is in the half facing away from the supporting wall 252 on each longitudinal wall 253 and 254 with a spacer 255 or 256. These spacers are arranged on the associated longitudinal wall at a very specific distance from the support wall 252 and are advantageously molded onto the longitudinal wall. Each spacer 255 and 256 protrudes from its longitudinal wall by at least approximately the same amount by which the support wall 252 laterally protrudes beyond this longitudinal wall.

The arrangement of the burial chambers 230 and 250 shown in FIG. 30 only serves to clarify the differences between the two embodiments. In reality, either only grave chambers 230 or grave chambers 250 will be arranged side by side in a row. Insofar as burial chambers 250 are used, a further supporting wall similar to the supporting wall 247 is likewise arranged at both ends of the row of burial chambers. In this embodiment of the further supporting wall, not shown, the end face facing away from the supporting wall 252 is matched to the outline of the burial chamber 250 including its trough. Since the burial chambers 250 are generally only used in a two-row arrangement, in which the two rows are closely adjacent with their narrow walls without a supporting wall, an embodiment of the further supporting wall can also be used, the length of which is equal to the clear distance between the molded supporting walls 252 of the two rows of burial chambers . Then the two end faces of this double long retaining wall are designed accordingly.

In Fig. 30, a gas lock 260 is indicated by dash-dotted lines between the burial chamber 230 and the burial chamber 250. Their training in detail and their connection with the burial chamber can be seen in particular from FIG. 32.

The gas lock 260 has a trough-shaped housing 261, which is covered at the top by a slip lid 262.

A first layer 263 of expanded clay is present in the lower part of the housing. A second layer 264 of biomass (compost) of rot stage 3 is present in the upper part. These two layers are separated from one another by a separating fleece 265, which is primarily intended to prevent the fine-crumbly biomass of the second layer 264 from trickling down over time between the coarse-grained expanded clay layer 263 and narrowing the spaces between them which serve to distribute the gas.

In the bottom 266 of the housing there are two circular through holes, to each of which a pipe connection 270 is connected, which connects the gas lock 260 to the adjacent chamber part, specifically here to the bottom pan 231, both mechanically and pneumatically.

Each pipe connection 270 has a flange pipe part 271, an elbow part 272 and a connecting piece 273.

The flange tube part has a flange at one end. It rests on the inside 275 of the side wall 276 of the floor pan 231 when the flange tube part 271 is inserted through a circular through hole 277 in the side wall 276. The longitudinal section 278 of the flange tube part protruding from the side wall 276 is provided with an external thread. A nut 279 is screwed onto it. A sealing washer 281 is arranged between the flange 274 and between the nut 279 and the side wall 276.

The elbow part 272 is provided on its one leg 282 with an internal thread which is matched to the external thread of the flange tube part 271. The elbow part 272 is thus screwed onto the flange pipe part 271 using a sealing compound until it has a tight fit thereon. The other leg 283 of the elbow part 272 is provided with an external thread.

The connecting piece 273 has a flange 284 at one end. A union nut 285 bears against this, which is matched to the external thread of the second leg 283 of the elbow part 272. At the end facing away from the flange 284, the connecting piece 273 is provided with an external thread. Two identical nuts 286 are screwed onto this, one on the inside and the other on the outside of the housing base 266. A sealing ring 287 is inserted between the housing base 266 and each nut 286. A grille 288 is arranged above the opening of the connecting piece 273 and prevents the parts of the expanded clay layer 263 from penetrating into the pipe connection 270.

The flange tube part 271 is inserted with the sealing ring 281 attached to the through hole 277 in the side wall 276. The second sealing ring 281 is pushed on from the free end and the nut 279 is screwed on. Then the elbow part 272 is screwed onto the free length section 278 until it is stuck thereon. If the second elbow leg 283 does not accidentally protrude vertically upwards, the nut 279 is loosened, the flange tube part with the elbow part 272 is turned so far that its second leg 283 is directed vertically upwards and then the nut 279 is tightened again.

Before the housing 261 is filled, the two connecting pieces 273 are fastened to the bottom 266 thereof by means of the two nuts 286. It is important to ensure that both flanges 284 of the connecting pieces 273 are at least approximately the same distance from the housing base 266.

After the housing 261 has been filled, the slip lid 262 is placed on it. On the upper edge of the housing 261 and / or on the slip lid 262, but in particular on its lip, there are recesses as gas passage openings 289.

The ready-to-use gas lock 260 is placed between two burial chambers on the parts of the pipe connections 270 already attached there to the side wall of one of the burial chambers, and the union nuts 285 are screwed on and tightened.

Claims (50)

Burial chamber with the features: - There is at least one chamber ring (23) which is closed all around and has a certain height, there is a cover (25) which rests on the upper edge of the chamber ring (23) and closes off the chamber ring (23), - there is a gas lock (58), - - The gas-tight connection to a through opening (59) of the cover (25) and - - which enables gas exchange between the interior of the burial chamber (20) and the environment and prevents water from entering the burial chamber (20), - On the cover (25) there is an earth cover (52) which covers the gas lock (58) with a certain minimum height and acts as an odor filter, characterized by the features: - The lid is designed as a trough (25) which receives the earth cover (52), - There are support walls (26) surrounding the trough (25) all around the outside at a short distance. Burial chamber according to claim 1,
characterized by the features: - The support walls are formed by the peripheral wall (53) of an all-round support ring (25), - Preferably, the support ring (26) with the chamber ring (23) is positively connected. Burial chamber according to claim 2,
characterized by the characteristic: - The support ring (26) has a circumferential skirting (55) on the inside, - The underside of which has a profile (57) which is matched to the shape of the top side (41) of the peripheral wall (27) of the chamber ring (23) and - - The top of which has a profile (56) which is matched to the shape of the bottom (48) of the trough (25) and the edge profile (48) there. Burial chamber according to claim 1,
characterized by the features: - The support walls (95; 96) are formed by individual panels which are attached to one another in the circumferential direction at their ends, - The plates (95; 96) sit on the floor surrounding the chamber ring (92). Burial chamber according to claim 4,
characterized by the characteristic: - The panels (95; 96) are designed as corrugated panels, in which the wave crests and troughs are aligned vertically. Grave chamber according to one of claims 1 to 5
characterized by the characteristic: - The chamber ring is provided with a solid base (29) which is preferably integrally formed on the peripheral wall (28) and forms a base pan (24) with it. Burial chamber according to the preamble of claim 1 or according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized by the features: - The chamber ring (23) has in the area of its lower edge on the inside a circumferential skirting board (31), - Preferably, the baseboard (31) has an upper side (32) which extends from the inside (33) of the peripheral wall (27) of the chamber ring (23) downwards. Burial chamber according to claim 7,
characterized by the features: - There is at least one base plate (34), the outline of which at least partially covers the outline of the skirting (31) of the chamber ring (23), - Preferably, the peripheral wall (27) of the chamber ring (23) facing the outer edge (37) of the base plate (34) is matched to the shape of the top (32) of the baseboard (31) of the chamber ring (23). Burial chamber according to claim 8,
characterized by the features: - The base plate (34) is formed by several individual plates (35; 36), - The base plate (34) is preferably divided into an odd number of individual plates (35; 36), - The mutually facing edges (38; 39) of the individual plates (35; 36) are preferably designed in the same manner as their outer edges (37) facing the skirting board (31) of the chamber ring (23), - Preferably one of the individual plates (36) has the cross-sectional shape of a trapezoid and the other individual plates (35) have the cross-sectional shape of a parallelogram. Burial chamber according to claim 8 or 9,
characterized by the features: - The base plate (34) and optionally the individual plates (35; 36) are provided with at least one through hole (82), - For each through hole (82) there is a plug (83; 84) which can be inserted into the through hole (82) and closes it in a gastight and watertight manner, the closure plug (83; 84) is preferably provided with a cap (85) or a rim, the outer diameter of which is larger than the inside diameter of the through hole (82), - Preferably, the plug (84) is connected on its upper side with a tension element (87), preferably in the form of a rope, the length of the plug (84) in the base plate (34) from at least to the upper edge (53) of the support ring (26) is enough. Burial chamber according to claim 6 or one of claims 7 to 10,
characterized by the characteristic: - The floor pan (24) or the chamber ring (23) and, if appropriate, floor plates (34) inserted therein are provided on their underside and / or outside with a water-impermeable coating. Burial chamber according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized by the features: - The upper edge of the chamber ring (23) is provided with a peripheral edge profile (41), - The upper edge profile (41) is preferably designed as a channel (42) with a V-shaped cross section, - The lower edge of the chamber ring (23) and the trough (25) is also provided with an edge profile (43; 48), - The lower edge profile (43; 48) is preferably designed as a counter profile of the upper edge profile (41), - If there is a support ring (26) with skirting (55), the top of the skirting (55) is provided with the upper edge profile (56) and the bottom with the lower edge profile (57). Burial chamber according to one of claims 1 to 12,
characterized by the characteristic: - A water-impermeable sealant is introduced between two parts (24/23; 23/26; 26/25)) of the burial chamber (20) that are seated on top of each other. Burial chamber according to one of claims 1 to 13,
characterized by the features: - The chamber ring (23) and the floor pan (24) have a clear height (H1) which is at least equal to the height required for burial, - This clear height (H1) is preferably 80 cm. Burial chamber according to one of claims 1 to 14,
characterized by the features: - the trough (25) has a certain clear height (H2), - The clear height (H2) is preferably 60 cm. Burial chamber according to one of claims 1 to 15,
characterized by the characteristic: - The trough (25) has a certain height (H3) above the floor (46) one or more drainage openings (51). Burial chamber according to claim 16,
characterized by the characteristic: - In the gas lock (58), the lower edge of the gas passage openings (73) is located to a certain extent (H4) above the drainage openings (51) of the trough (25). Burial chamber according to claim 17,
characterized by the characteristic: - The gas lock (58) has a cup-shaped housing (61) and a cover (62), - In the peripheral wall (63) of the housing (61), the gas passage openings (73) are arranged in one or more rows, the peripheral wall (63) of the housing (61) is preferably designed as a truncated cone surface which widens upwards, - The gas passage openings (73) are preferably arranged on the bottom (74) of nose-shaped bulges (75) and / or of circumferential shoulders of the housing wall (63). Burial chamber according to claim 17 or 18,
characterized by the characteristic: - The trough (25) has such a clear height (H2) that the upper edge of its wall (45) is a certain amount (H5) above the upper edge of the gas passage openings (73) of the gas lock (58). Burial chamber according to one of claims 15 to 19,
characterized by the characteristic: - The support ring (26) has in the lower region of its wall (53) outside the edge profile (55) for the lower edge (48) of the trough (25) water drainage openings (78) which open freely outside the plan area of the chamber ring (23) . Burial chamber according to claim 2 or 3,
characterized by the features: - There are cover strips (81) or cover strips which cover the gap between the wall (45) of the trough (25) and the wall (53) of the support ring (26), - Preferably, the cover strips (81) or cover strips T-shaped profile, the web part of which is matched to the gap width between the trough (25) and the support ring (26). Burial chamber according to claim 4 or 5,
characterized by the features: - there are cover plates (103; 104) which cover the gap between the wall of the trough (94) and the support panels (95; 96) and, if appropriate, the corrugated profile of the support panels (95; 96), - Preferably, the cover plates (103; 104) have a T-shaped profile, the web part (105) of which is matched to the gap between the trough (94) and the support panels (95; 96). Burial chamber according to one of claims 1 to 3 or according to one of claims 6 to 19,
characterized by the features: a foundation (88) for a tombstone (89) is arranged on the support ring (26) on a narrow side, - The tombstone foundation (88) is preferably designed as a widening of the wall (53) of the support ring (26) and preferably integrally formed thereon on the outside of the support ring (26). Burial chamber according to one of claims 1 to 22,
characterized by the features: a foundation (114) for a tombstone (115) is arranged on the narrow side of the trough (113), - The tombstone foundation (114) is designed as a widening of the wall (116) of the trough (113) and preferably integrally formed thereon on the inside of the trough (113). Burial chamber according to claims 1 to 22,
characterized by the features: a foundation for a gravestone (125) is arranged on the narrow side of the trough (123), - The tombstone foundation is either completely or at least partially formed by an independent part (126), the - - is either placed next to the wall (124) of the trough (123) on the bottom (127) thereof and is preferably additionally anchored to the wall (124), or - - Is attached to the wall (124) of the trough (123). Burial chamber according to one of claims 1 to 22,
characterized by the features: a foundation (98) for a gravestone is arranged on the narrow side of the trough (94), - The tombstone foundation (98) is designed as an independent part, the height of which is greater than the height of the trough (94), - The tombstone foundation (98) is firmly connected in the area below the trough (94) with the adjacent chamber ring (92), preferably screwed to it by means of dowels (101) and screws (102). Burial chamber according to one of claims 1 to 26,
characterized by the features: - In the bottom (132) of the trough (131) there is a through hole (133), the clear width of which is larger than the outside diameter of urns, - The through hole (133) can be closed in a gastight and watertight manner by means of a sealing cover (134). Grave chamber according to claim 27,
characterized by the features: - In the through hole (137) in the trough bottom (132) a shaft pipe (138) is inserted gas and watertight, - - The clear width is also larger than the outer diameter of urns and - - which rises up to a certain height (H6) in the earth cover in the trough (131), - The preferably designed as a closure cap (141) can be connected to the upper end of the shaft pipe (138) in a gastight and watertight manner. Grave chamber according to claim 28,
characterized by the features: - In the shaft pipe (145), an extension pipe (146) is displaceably guided in a gas-tight manner, the inside diameter of which is larger than the outside diameter of urns, - The closure cover (149) can be connected to the upper end of the extension tube (146) in a gastight and watertight manner. Burial chamber according to the preamble of claim 1,
characterized by the features: there are two pairs of support walls (181; 182), of which the support walls of one pair serve as longitudinal support walls (181) and the support walls of the other pair serve as transverse support walls (182), the support walls (181; 182) of each pair are aligned parallel to one another, - The transverse support walls (182) are aligned at right angles to the longitudinal support walls (181) and arranged between them, - The longitudinal support walls (181) are arranged at a certain mutual distance, - - This distance in the height range from the lower edge to at most the upper edge of the existing chamber rings or floor trays (161) is at least equal to the length of a chamber ring or floor tray (161) and - - This distance in the height range above is a certain amount larger than the length of a chamber ring or the floor pan (161), - The length of the longitudinal support walls (181) is greater than twice the width of a chamber ring or a floor pan (161) and is up to several times the width of a chamber ring or a floor pan (161), - The length of the transverse support walls (182) is equal to the clear distance between the longitudinal support walls (181), the mutual spacing of the transverse support walls (182) is greater than twice the width of a chamber ring or a floor pan (161) and is up to a multiple of the width of a chamber ring or floor pan (161), a group of burial chambers (160) is present within the supporting walls (181; 182), - which have at least one chamber ring and / or a floor pan (161), - which are arranged next to one another with a longitudinal side aligned parallel to one another at a certain mutual distance in the direction of the longitudinal support walls (181), - - The number of which is matched to the clear distance between the transverse support walls (182) and - - The cover is designed as a trough (162) which receives the earth cover (174). Grave chamber according to claim 30,
characterized by the characteristic: there are a plurality of longitudinal support walls (181) which adjoin one another in the longitudinal direction, - The parting line between two adjacent longitudinal support walls (181) is preferably located within the width of a chamber ring or a floor pan (161). Grave chamber according to claim 30 or 31,
characterized by the characteristic: - The end face of the transverse support walls (182) is matched to the inner profile line (183; 184) of the longitudinal support walls (181). Burial chamber according to one of claims 30 to 32,
characterized by the characteristic: - The support walls (181 '; 182) have a height which is at least approximately equal to the sum of the height of the existing chamber rings or floor trays (161) and the height of the trough (162). Grave chamber according to one of claims 30 to 33,
characterized by the characteristic: - The support walls (181; 182) have a baseboard (193) which is turned away from the burial chambers (160). Burial chamber according to one of claims 30 to 33,
characterized by the characteristics - at least the longitudinal support walls (101) each have a baseboard (193), - - facing the burial chambers (160) and - - on which the burial chambers (160) lie at least in part, - The support walls have a height which is greater by the height of the skirting (193) than the sum of the height of the existing burial chamber rings or floor trays (161) and the height of the trough (162). Pit chamber according to one of claims 30 to 35,
characterized by the characteristics - At least two spacers (175) are arranged at a certain mutual distance between the chamber rings (161). Grave chamber according to claim 36,
characterized by the characteristics - The spacers (175) are made in one piece with the chamber ring or the floor pan (161) and are preferably designed as a vertically aligned rib (176) on the outside of the chamber ring or the floor pan (161), - There are preferably one spacer (175) for each long side, which have a certain distance in the circumferential direction in the same direction of rotation from the center of the long side in question. Burial chamber according to one of claims 30 to 37,
characterized by the characteristics - The space (195) between two adjacent burial chambers (160) is covered by one or more cover plates (196), - The cover plates (196) preferably have a T-shaped profile, the web part (197) of which is matched to the gap (195) between the burial chambers (160), - The cover plates (196) preferably extend to the inner edge (198) of the longitudinal wall (199) of the troughs (162). Burial chamber according to one of claims 30 to 38,
characterized by the characteristics - The space (185) between a burial chamber (160) and an adjacent support wall (181) is covered by one or more cover plates (201), the cover plates (201) preferably have a T-shaped profile, the web part of which is matched to the gap (185) between the burial chamber (160) and the supporting wall (181), - The cover plates (201) preferably extend on the one hand to the inner edge (202) of the transverse wall (203) of the trough (162) and on the other hand to the outer edge (204) of the support wall (181). Burial chamber according to one of claims 30 to 39,
characterized by the characteristics - there are thresholds (205), - - Aligned parallel to the longitudinal support walls (207), - - Which are arranged below the lowest chamber ring or the floor pan (161) and - - which have a length which is at least equal to the width of two chamber rings or floor trays (161), the thresholds (205) are preferably offset in their longitudinal direction with respect to the chamber rings or floor trays (161) by half a width dimension of the chamber rings or floor trays (161), - The thresholds are aligned with one another in the longitudinal direction and / or two successive thresholds (205) are laterally offset from one another and are partially overlapping in the longitudinal direction. Burial chamber according to one of claims 30 to 40,
characterized by the characteristic: - The support walls (181) abutting the chamber rings or floor troughs (161) have one or more drainage grooves (209) running from top to bottom in the wall surface (183) facing the chamber ring or floor trough (161). Burial chamber with the features: there is at least one chamber part which is closed all around in the form of a chamber ring or a floor pan (211) and which has a certain height, there is a cover in the form of a trough (212), - - Which rests on the upper edge of the chamber part (211) and closes it off at the top and - - which receives an earth cover (227), - In the bottom of the trough and / or in a peripheral wall (214) of the chamber part (211) there is a through opening (225) to which a gas lock (223) can be connected in a gas-tight manner, characterized by the features: a support ring (213) is formed on the chamber part (211), - The peripheral walls (215) of the support ring (213) close a certain distance below the upper edge (222) of the chamber part (211) on the outside and extend upwards to at least approximately the height of the trough placed on the chamber part (211) (212), - There is a small distance between the inside of the support ring (213) and the outside of the trough (212). Burial chamber according to the preamble of claim 42,
characterized by the features: - The chamber part (231) is provided on a narrow side with a support wall (325) which is integrally formed on the chamber part (231), - The support wall (235) connects a certain distance below the upper edge (233) of the chamber wall (243; 244) on the outside thereof and extends upwards to at least approximately the height of the trough (232) placed on the chamber part (231), - There is a small distance between the inside of the support ring (235) and the outside of the trough (232), - The support wall (225) extends on one side or on both sides by a certain amount beyond the plane of alignment of the adjacent longitudinal wall (243; 244) of the chamber part (231). Grave chamber according to claim 43,
characterized by the features: - In the region of the half of the chamber part (251) facing away from the supporting wall (252), a spacer () is located on each longitudinal wall (253; 254) over which the supporting wall (252) projects laterally, at a certain distance from the supporting wall (252). 255; 256) available, - Each spacer (255; 256) protrudes from its longitudinal wall (253; 254) by at least approximately the same amount by which the support wall (252) laterally protrudes beyond this longitudinal wall (253; 254). Grave chamber according to claim 43,
characterized by the characteristic: - On the narrow side facing away from the (first) support wall (235), the chamber part (231) is provided with a second support wall (236) which is at least approximately identical to the first support wall (235). Burial chamber according to one of claims 43 to 45,
characterized by the features: - A further supporting wall (247) is arranged on a longitudinal side of the chamber part (231), - - which is designed as an independent part, - - The height of which is preferably equal to the height of the chamber part (231) with the trough (232) attached, and - One end of which faces the inside (248) of the first support wall (235) of the chamber part (231) facing it, and the second end face of the second support wall (236) on the inside thereof facing it or, in the absence of a second support wall, on the outline of the chamber part is coordinated. Burial chamber according to one of claims 43 to 45,
characterized by the characteristic: - On one long side, the chamber part is provided with a further support wall which is at least approximately the same as the first support wall. Grave chamber according to one of claims 42 to 45, with the features of the characterizing part of claims 7 to 13, 20, 21, 23 to 29 and 38 to 40. Burial chamber according to claim ..,
characterized by the features: there is a gas lock (260) which has a trough-shaped housing (261), - - in the lower part of which there is a first layer (263) made of expanded clay, - - In the upper part of a second layer (264) of biomass of rot stage 3 is present and - - In which a separating fleece (265) is present between these two layers (263; 264), and - In the bottom (266) there is at least one through hole for connecting a pipe connection (270), - Which has a lid (262), preferably in the form of a slip lid, which removably closes the trough-shaped housing (261), and - The gas passage openings (289), preferably in the region of the edge of the trough-shaped housing (261) and / or the cover (262). Burial chamber according to claim 49,
characterized by the features: - The gas lock (260) is connected to the chamber part (231) by means of two pipe connections (270) which are arranged horizontally next to one another on a side wall (276), each pipe connection (270) is preferably formed by a flange pipe part (271), - - The flange (274) on the inside (275) of the side wall (276) of the chamber part (231) abuts and - whose length section (278) projecting from the side wall (276) is provided with an external thread onto which a fastening nut (279) can be screwed, - by a manifold part (272), - - Which is provided on one leg (282) with an internal thread which is matched to the external thread of the flange tube part (278) and - - That is provided on the other leg (283) with an external thread, and - by a connecting piece (273), - - which is screwed to a through hole in the housing base (266) and - - At the free end of a flange (284) and a union nut (285) which is matched to the external thread of the second leg (283) of the elbow part (272).

Images