EP1118738A2 - Burial crypt - Google Patents

Abstract

The lid of the grave chamber is formed as a trough (162) to be covered with earth. The trough is surrounded by pairs of support walls (181, 182) either directly or with spacing to form several chamber parts. One pair forms the longitudinal support walls (181) and one pair form the transverse support walls. The vertical spacing from the lower edge to the top edge of the chamber rings equals the length of one chamber ring and the spacing in the vertical above same is greater than the length of one chamber ring. Inside the support walls a group of chamber parts (161) makes up the chamber rings and spacers are provided at certain mutual spacing between the rings. The support walls have a height which is roughly equal to the sum of the height of the existing chamber rings or height of the trough.

Description

Conventional burial can be unfavorable May cause significant problems. With less favorable mineralogical composition of the soil, e.g. with high silt or clay content, and also with unfavorable Water supply, e.g. with frequent backwater, with layer water, with sticky water or with high groundwater, is a complete decay within a certain one Rest period not guaranteed. The important ones for decay aerobic bacteria cannot take effect and that necessary oxidation processes cannot take place. The often requires expensive remediation measures, e.g. Drainage measures or artificial ventilation of the floor. Sometimes only helps filling the floor, which is practical on a new creation of the relevant burial ground results. Despite the measures mentioned first, the reoccupation of a burial ground after the usual rest period unpleasant and sometimes unacceptable for the cemetery staff Side effects may be burdened.

A remedy was with a reusable burial chamber tried (DE-OS 35 37 367.9), mostly made of precast concrete consists. It has several chamber rings that be stacked on top of each other in a pit, passing through circulating paragraphs both at the top and at the bottom the chamber rings are guided among themselves. At the The lowest point is a base plate on which the Chamber rings are loosely placed. On the top chamber ring are ceiling tiles that cover the interior of the Complete the burial chamber at the top. These ceiling tiles are about 60 cm below ground level. The gap is with soil, especially with topsoil, until Earth level filled up. This earth cover of the burial chamber encloses a gas lock that opens into a passage one of the ceiling panels is attached. It has gas passages, which are designed so that leachate not in the gas lock and through this into the Burial chamber can penetrate. One in the burial chamber resulting overpressure of the gas atmosphere there, e.g. when the atmospheric pressure drops, is able to Part of the gas content of the burial chamber through the gas lock and exit through their gas passages. Therefore the gas passage openings of the gas lock must a certain amount below earth level, or, in other words, it must be above the gas outlet a certain layer thickness of the earth cover remains, so that this layer of earth can act as a filter, in where the soil fauna and flora emerge from the burial chamber Free gases from those components that Could cause unpleasant smells.

There is one on one end of this burial chamber narrow ceiling tile that always remains in this place. It serves as a support plate for a foundation block for the Shot of a gravestone.

This well-known burial chamber has some disadvantages. One of Disadvantages is that their chamber rings are loosely placed on top of each other and the bottom chamber ring are loose on the base plate lies on. There is also a in the base plate Opening above a bone pit, which is only loose by means of a plate is covered. The ceiling tiles also lie loosely on the top chamber ring. This can cause leachate penetrate into the burial chamber from the surrounding area, from high groundwater or stratified water remain silent. This can cause the process of decay in the burial chamber be significantly affected. In practice also very often omitted the base plate, so that the Burial chamber also from below for the penetration of water, in particular of groundwater and backwater, is open. This structure and this way of installing the well-known burial chamber it is necessary to connect each burial chamber to a drainage system, so that the penetrating water as soon as possible can be discharged and sent to a sewage treatment plant. This additional drainage causes significant costs in the Installation and maintenance of the drainage. Moreover arise for the clarification of the discharged water quantities additional costs.

Another major disadvantage of this burial chamber is in that at each subsequent opening of the grave for subsequent burial or the earth cover for burial again cleared away with the planting on it and set aside must be created and that after burial the Earth cover can be applied again on the burial chamber got to. The planting must also be cleared first and are practically completely renewed. That causes at each subsequent burial a significant one Workload with corresponding costs. This creates often also additional costs for an at least partial Replacement of the planting if it is removed suffered.

During this work, the earth cover must be outside the Ground plan area of the burial chamber are removed. Moreover must in this area, i.e. from the top of the burial chamber to the earth level, a hem formwork to be installed, the the collapse of the earth around the burial chamber prevented. This hem formwork must again afterwards be removed, both when installing and removing corresponding work required and accordingly Costs.

Another disadvantage of this burial chamber is that it i use as a recessed burial chamber in which two superimposed chamber areas are available for Place the second coffin above the one already in the Lower coffin located in the burial chamber Support rods required to place the upper coffin on it can be. This has the further disadvantage that at the second burial the burial chamber into the lower chamber area is open and that the lower coffin is fully visible, regardless of the Condition of the coffin and its contents. The same applies the exhalations that may emanate from the lower coffin the decomposition process. This is particularly uncomfortable if this process of decay is due to the temporal Distance from the previous burial is in full swing. This allows for the participants in the second burial just unreasonable conditions occur.

Another disadvantage of this burial chamber is that after the refilling of the earth cover a setting of the soil is inevitable. Therefore, this earth cover must a certain time either from what was left at first Excavation or supplemented with otherwise obtained soil become. This fact also has the disadvantage that the planting was only reintroduced after this setting time can be. Otherwise one must be used immediately Planting removed in between and after Complement the earth cover to be reintroduced.

The invention has for its object a burial chamber to create prefabricated parts that are relatively simple is to be built in, the trouble-free decomposition process enables and easier at subsequent burials and easier and with less labor and cost possible are.

Because the lid of the burial chamber is designed as a trough is housed in the earth cover for the gas lock is both as a gas filter and as a planting soil for planting can be used for any subsequent Burial of the trough serving as a lid with all of it Content lifted and apart for the time of burial be stored. The planting remains completely undisturbed, since they are neither removed nor stored separately must become. On the contrary, in the meantime, Trough properly maintained. Neither are they other earthworks required, such as that with the known Burial chamber is necessary. It goes without saying the area around the gas lock is also untouched. The gas lock is therefore not at risk of damage. It the subsequent refilling of the Earth cover with the corresponding personnel expenditure and Expense. There is no need to replant the grave as well.

The retaining walls remain in place and preserve them Burial chamber before the burial surrounding the burial chamber Soil. This also contributes to the fact that a subsequent burial Earthworks are not required.

Because of that the trough outside all around in a little Distance surrounding supporting walls as a wall-shaped support element is formed below the trough with the Chamber part is firmly connected, on the one hand, the production of the individual parts simplified and facilitated and on the other hand, an unchangeable relative position between the Chamber part and the support element guaranteed.

In an embodiment according to claim 2, the support element can connect easily and reliably to the chamber part.

In an embodiment according to claim 3, the support element use yourself as a tombstone foundation. This is the tombstone erected on it with the one in place remaining chamber part connected so that it at a Subsequent burial also remain at its installation site can.

With an embodiment according to claim 4 is prevented the gap between the trough and the supporting walls surrounding it gradually fills up with earth and / or sand, which hinders the later lifting of the trough could.

Fig. 1

einen ausschnittweise dargestellten Längsschnitt einer Grabkammer mit einem Kammerring;

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt der Grabkammer nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht der Grabkammer nach Fig. 1 und Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

einen Querschnitt einer Bodenwanne für die Grabkammer nach Fig. 1 bis 3.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a fragmentary longitudinal section of a burial chamber with a chamber ring;

Fig. 2

a cross section of the burial chamber of FIG. 1;

Fig. 3

a plan view of the burial chamber according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

a cross-section of a floor pan for the burial chamber according to FIGS. 1 to 3.

The burial chamber 90 is designed as a single chamber 91. she has a chamber part in the form of a chamber ring 92, a Trough 94 and four support walls 95, 96 and 98.

The chamber ring 92 has a closed ring Circumferential wall, which has a rectangular plan area. He is open at the bottom. In the modified shown in Fig. 4 Embodiment of the chamber part closes at the lower end the peripheral wall 28 to a bottom 29, which together with the Circumferential wall 28 is made in one piece and with it one Floor pan 24 forms. The chamber ring 92 and the floor pan 24 are made of reinforced concrete.

As can be seen above all from Fig. 4, is the upper edge the floor pan 24 as well as the upper edge of the chamber ring 92 provided with a peripheral edge profile 41, the is the same in both parts. This edge profile 41 is formed by a groove 42 which is a V-shaped Cross section. It is generally symmetrical arranged to the center plane of the relevant peripheral wall 28.

The trough 94 is designed similar to the floor pan 24. He has an annular closed peripheral wall and one floor made in one piece with it. His top Edge 97 is flat. At the bottom of the bottom is in the Continuation of the peripheral wall has a peripheral edge profile, which is formed by a roof-shaped rib and that as a counter profile to the upper edge profile 41 of the floor pan 24 or the chamber ring 92 is formed.

The burial chamber 90 is installed in such a way that on the leveled bottom of a pit either a chamber ring 92 or a floor pan 24 is placed. The choice between the Chamber ring 92 and the floor pan 24 depends on whether at the installation site with little to no groundwater, Backwater and stratified water must be expected or whether that may be the case to a very great extent is or can be occasional.

When installing a burial chamber 90 with a floor pan 24, it is expedient, a between the trough 94 and the floor pan 24 introduce waterproof sealant.

There are four retaining walls, the trough 94 outside surrounded all around at a short distance.

The trough 94 is on both long sides of one Retaining wall 95 and on one narrow side of one Support wall 96 surrounded a short distance. These retaining walls extend from the top 97 of the trough 94 down to in down the height range of the chamber ring 92. The retaining walls 95 and 96 are supported vertically on the the chamber ring 92 surrounding soil, especially on the Backfilling the chamber ring.

The support walls 95 and 96 are as individual panels, namely formed as corrugated sheets, as indicated in Fig. 12. Their wave crests and wave valleys are aligned vertically. The end panels are attached to each other at their ends.

These corrugated sheets are made of composite materials, in such a way that a wavy base part, for example in the form of a corrugated sheet made of plastic or in the form a corrugated iron sheet or in the form of a corrugated sheet Expanded rib metal on one or both sides with concrete or a comparable material is coated.

On the second narrow side of the burial chamber 90 is a support wall a wall-shaped support element arranged so is designed, in particular is so wide that it is a tombstone foundation 98 can serve. It ranges from the amount of Top 97 of the trough 94 from down to the height range the chamber ring 92 down. There it is on the side outstanding metal bracket 99 and using wall plugs 101 and by means of screws 102 with the chamber ring 92 firmly connected.

In the grave chamber 90, the gap between the trough 94 and the support walls 95 and 96 and the tombstone foundation 98 covered with cover plates 103 and 104. This have a T-shaped profile, the web portion 105 of the T-profile is in turn matched to the clear gap width. The cover plates 103, the corrugated sheets 95 and 96 is used is the main part, i.e. the flange part of the T-profile, arranged asymmetrically to the web part 105 or educated. It points on one side of the web part 105 a plate part 106 which extends to the outer edge of the Corrugated sheets 95 and 96 extends and their inside covers the cavities of their wave profile. The on plate part 107 on the other side extends only a certain distance over the top 97 of the trough 94 there. With the cover plate 104, the grave stone foundation 98 is used, the flange part of the T-profile main part 108 symmetrical to the web part 105 be trained and only proportionate on both sides have small dimensions.

Reference list

24th

Floor pan

28

² Umfanoswand

29

ground

41

Randorofil

42

Gutter

90

Burial chamber

91

Single chamber

92

Chamber ring

93

Base plate

94

trough

95

Retaining wall

96

Retaining wall

97

Top

98

Gravestone foundation

99

Metal bracket

101

Wall dowels

102

Screws

103

Cover plate

104

Cover plate

105

Bridge part

106

Plate part

107

Plate part

108

Bulk

Claims (4)

Burial chamber with the features: there is at least one all-round closed chamber part in the form of a chamber ring (92) or a floor pan, which has a certain height, there is a cover (94), which rests on the upper edge of the chamber part (92) and closes it off at the top and that takes up an earth cover, There is a through opening in the cover and / or in a peripheral wall of the chamber part (92), to which a gas lock can be connected in a gas-tight manner,
characterized by the characteristics: the cover is designed as a trough (94) which receives the earth cover, there are four supporting walls (95; 96; 98) which surround the trough (94) directly or, in the case of the arrangement of several chamber parts (92) arranged laterally next to one another, in part indirectly around the outside at a short distance, These supporting walls form the one arranged on one narrow side of the burial chamber (90) by a wall-shaped supporting element 98, the height of which is greater than the height of the trough (94), this support element (98) is firmly connected in the region located below the upper edge of the chamber part (92) to the wall of the chamber part (92) adjacent to it. Burial chamber according to claim 1,
characterized by the characteristics: the support element (98) is connected to the wall of the chamber part (92) by means of dowels (101) and screws (102). Burial chamber according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized by the characteristic: the support element (98) has the thickness of a tombstone foundation. Burial chamber according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized by the characteristics the space between the trough (94) and an adjacent support wall (95; 96; 98) is covered by one or more cover plates (103; 104), the cover plates (103; 104) preferably have a T-shaped profile, the web part of which is matched to the gap between the trough (94) and the support wall (95; 96; 98).

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