EP0528124B1 - Burial crypt - Google Patents

Abstract

The lid of the grave chamber is formed as a trough (162) to be covered with earth. The trough is surrounded by pairs of support walls (181, 182) either directly or with spacing to form several chamber parts. One pair forms the longitudinal support walls (181) and one pair form the transverse support walls. The vertical spacing from the lower edge to the top edge of the chamber rings equals the length of one chamber ring and the spacing in the vertical above same is greater than the length of one chamber ring. Inside the support walls a group of chamber parts (161) makes up the chamber rings and spacers are provided at certain mutual spacing between the rings. The support walls have a height which is roughly equal to the sum of the height of the existing chamber rings or height of the trough.

Description

Conventional burial can be unfavorable May cause significant problems. With less favorable mineralogical composition of the soil, e.g. with high silt or clay content, and also with unfavorable Water supply, e.g. with frequent backwater, with layer water, with sticky water or with high groundwater, is a complete decay within a certain one Rest period not guaranteed. The important ones for decay aerobic bacteria cannot take effect and that necessary oxidation processes cannot take place. The often requires expensive remediation measures, e.g. Drainage measures or artificial ventilation of the floor. Sometimes only helps filling the floor, which is practical on a new creation of the relevant burial ground results. Despite the measures mentioned first, the reoccupation of a burial ground after the usual rest period unpleasant and sometimes unacceptable for the cemetery staff Side effects may be burdened.

A remedy was with a reusable burial chamber tried (DE-OS 35 37 367.9), mostly made of precast concrete consists. It has several chamber rings that be stacked on top of each other in a pit, passing through circulating paragraphs both at the top and at the bottom the chamber rings are guided among themselves. At the The lowest point is a base plate on which the Chamber rings are loosely placed. On the top chamber ring are ceiling tiles that cover the interior of the Complete the burial chamber at the top. These ceiling tiles are about 60 cm below ground level. The gap is with soil, especially with topsoil, until Earth level filled up. This earth cover of the burial chamber encloses a gas lock that opens into a passage one of the ceiling panels is attached. It has gas passages, which are designed so that leachate not in the gas lock and through this into the Burial chamber can penetrate. At one in the burial chamber resulting overpressure of the gas atmosphere there, e.g. when the atmospheric pressure drops, is able to Part of the gas content of the burial chamber through the gas lock and exit through their gas passages. Therefore the gas passage openings of the gas lock must a certain amount below earth level, or, in other words, it must be above the gas outlet a certain layer thickness of the earth cover remains, so that this layer of earth can act as a filter, in where the soil fauna and flora emerge from the burial chamber Free gases from those components that Could cause unpleasant smells.

There is one on one end of this burial chamber narrow ceiling tile that always remains in this place. It serves as a support plate for a foundation block for the Shot of a gravestone.

This well-known burial chamber has some disadvantages. One of Disadvantages is that their chamber rings are loosely placed on top of each other and the bottom chamber ring are loose on the base plate lies on. There is also a in the base plate Opening above a bone pit, which is only loose by means of a plate is covered. The ceiling tiles also lie loosely on the top chamber ring. This can cause leachate penetrate into the burial chamber from the surrounding area, from high groundwater or stratified water remain silent. This can cause the process of decay in the burial chamber be significantly affected. In practice also very often omitted the base plate, so that the Burial chamber also from below for the penetration of water, in particular of groundwater and backwater, is open. This structure and this way of installing the well-known burial chamber it is necessary to connect each burial chamber to a drainage system, so that the penetrating water as soon as possible can be discharged and sent to a sewage treatment plant. This additional drainage causes significant costs in the Installation and maintenance of the drainage. Moreover arise for the clarification of the discharged water quantities additional costs.

Another major disadvantage of this burial chamber is in that at each subsequent opening of the grave for subsequent burial or the earth cover for burial again cleared away with the planting on it and set aside must be created and that after burial the Earth cover can be applied again on the burial chamber got to. The planting must also be cleared first and are practically completely renewed. That causes at each subsequent burial a significant one Workload with corresponding costs. This creates often also additional costs for an at least partial Replacement of the planting if it is removed suffered.

During this work, the earth cover must be outside the Ground plan area of the burial chamber are removed. Moreover must in this area, i.e. from the top of the burial chamber to the earth level, a hem formwork to be installed, the the collapse of the earth around the burial chamber prevented. This hem formwork must again afterwards be removed, both when installing and removing corresponding work required and accordingly Costs.

Another disadvantage of this burial chamber is that after the refilling of the earth cover a setting of the soil is inevitable. Therefore, this earth cover must a certain time either from what was left at first Excavation or supplemented with otherwise obtained soil become. This fact also has the disadvantage that the planting was only reintroduced after this setting time can be. Otherwise, planting must be used immediately removed in between and after the addition the earth cover.

The invention has for its object a burial chamber to create from prefabricated parts that are proportionate on the one hand is easy to install and is trouble-free Process of decay and, on the other hand, burials easier and lighter and with less work and Costs are possible, especially earthworks are not necessary, and with these options remain even if the adjacent soil a higher load, e.g. exposed by vehicles becomes.

This task is carried out by burial chambers with the in the Claims 1, 4 and 5 specified features solved.

The fact that the Lid of the burial chamber is designed as a trough in which the Earth cover for the gas lock, which is housed both as a gas filter and as a planting soil for the Planting can be used at each subsequent burial the trough serving as a lid is lifted off with its entire contents and stored away for the time of burial become. The planting remains completely undisturbed, there it does not have to be removed or stored separately. On the contrary, in the meantime it can properly in the trough to be cared for. It is also no other earthwork required, as in the well-known burial chamber is necessary. Of course, that also remains Surrounding the gas lock untouched. The gas lock is therefore no risk of damage. It does not apply thus also the subsequent refilling of the earth cover with the corresponding personnel expenses and costs. There is also no need to replant the grave.

The permanently installed retaining walls remain in place and keep the burial chamber from breaking into the burial chamber surrounding soil. This also contributes to the fact that earthwork not required for subsequent burial are.

In the embodiment according to claim 1 by closed ring shape a very high dimensional stability and Rigidity of the retaining walls reached. Besides, you will Installation easier because the support ring only one Represents component. This one-piece design also requires no major straightening work. This formation of the retaining walls is particularly suitable for use in compliant Soils, for example as a result of settling movements or due to Surface loads caused by machines and devices tend to have large side pressures on the retaining walls exercise.

In a further development according to claim 2, the support ring simply with its skirting board between the chamber ring and used the trough. This keeps the support ring spatial-geometric assignment both to the chamber ring and also always unchanged to the trough.

With an embodiment according to claim 3, the burial chamber even with unfavorable water supply, no matter which Kind, insert. This allows the interior of the burial chamber even at a higher water level or at a higher water pressure be kept dry so that the decomposition process does not is disturbed. With this configuration, the Need for drainage for the burial chamber, thereby considerable costs for both installation and maintenance the drainage as well as for the clarification of those to be derived from it Sewage can be saved.

Characterized in that in the embodiment according to claim 4 Support ring is formed on the chamber ring and not a separate one Represents part more, there is a very compact burial chamber, where installation on site is very simplified is. There is no need to separately insert the support ring and accordingly the separate sealing of the support ring opposite the chamber part. This embodiment is particularly suitable for the individual installation of a burial chamber in an existing burial ground. In the other are at given this embodiment the same advantages as in the embodiment according to claim 1.

Characterized in that in the embodiment according to claim 5 Provide a chamber wall on one narrow side with a retaining wall is that over the plane of alignment of the longitudinal walls of the Chamber part extends laterally, in particular a larger one when a grave field is created Number of these burial chambers in a common pit Simply place larger dimensions next to each other. there form the adjoining retaining walls of the individual burial chambers for the entire row of burial chambers Retaining wall closed to the outside, no further Measures to support the subsequently filled up soil makes necessary. This embodiment of the burial chamber comes mainly for creating a double row Grave field into consideration, in the between the two rows of burial chambers a space, e.g. for a way, not is required. Then the burial chambers can be narrow in two adjacent rows can be placed within whose narrow sides face each other without a retaining wall are.

Grave chambers designed according to claim 6 come especially for a single-row burial ground in which the retaining walls on both sides on both long sides of the burial ground each have a closed longitudinal support wall for the form entire burial ground. This creates a larger distance possible between two burial grounds, for example one Way. This embodiment therefore comes under other for such burial grounds that are due terraced topography of the cemetery must be created.

A burial chamber designed according to claim 7 is suitable because of the retaining wall on one long side good for installation at the end of a burial ground with burial chambers the embodiment according to claim 4 or Claim 5. The same applies to one designed according to claim 8 Burial chamber, with the retaining wall on the long side is formed directly on the chamber part. The former Design allows using a grave system To carry out burial chambers that are all the same as each other. The latter configuration differs in that on the long side molded support wall from the other burial chambers same row. But she does that too separate manufacture and especially the separate installation an independent supporting wall at the end of the row can be dispensed with.

With an embodiment according to claim 9 on the one hand Avoid open gaps between the individual burial chambers and also created the opportunity to use the burial chambers such a large mutual distance and for that to make the cover plates so wide that you can put them on can stand well across the burial chamber without having to cover the earth to enter the neighboring burial chamber. Similar thing also applies to an embodiment according to claim 10 Gap between the narrow sides of the burial chambers and the neighboring retaining walls, although there the width of the Cover plates can be kept lower because along of these retaining walls anyway at least on one side Footpath or even a driveway is provided over which the individual burial chambers can be reached.

By an embodiment according to claim 11 ensured that water emerging from the trough, e.g. Rainwater or excess irrigation water, unimpeded after is derived outside.

An embodiment according to claim 12 enables one Tombstone to be erected, also at a subsequent burial can stay in place because he is on the wall of the Support ring rests.

In an embodiment according to claim 13, 14 or 15 it is also possible to set up a tombstone, which then but stands in the plan area of the trough. With a subsequent burial the gravestone does not have to be removed from the trough but can be lifted out with this and later on again be placed in the burial chamber.

From DE-PS 35 34 327 a burial chamber is known which has a floor pan and a lid, both of which are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP) are made. The Lid is designed as an internally arched trough, the Sidewalls are inclined outwards from bottom to top. For Grave chamber includes a so-called perimeter wall, which also is made of fiberglass and the lid in one surrounds a small distance outside. After inserting the floor pan the side walls are in a designated pit the floor pan up to a certain height with bulk material backfilled. The side walls are on this backfill the surrounding wall without any special orientation at the Floor pan set up free-standing and in turn with Bulk backfilled.

By backfilling the surrounding wall on the one hand bulging of their side walls to the outside is prevented. On the other hand, this causes the side walls to dent inside provoked. It should be borne in mind that in the Bulk material of the backfill inevitable settling movements take place and that the side walls on the end faces at least 0.80 m and on the long sides about 2.20 m long are. It should also be borne in mind that earthworks in cemeteries today often using so-called cemetery excavators be carried out during their trips to the sites and when working on site, that of the earth diggers or soil adjacent to the burial chambers strain. Because of the inevitable deformation of the side walls the surrounding wall disappears the originally intended Gap between the surrounding wall and the lid trough and the lid trough is from the dented surrounding wall trapped. Even if such a lid trough with a correspondingly large force from the surrounding wall can be pulled out, it can be then do not use again. This would have to be done beforehand extensive earthworks are carried out, in which the The surrounding wall is excavated all around and set again becomes. However, the basic disadvantage would remain.

Fig. 1

einen Längsschnitt einer Grabkammer für Zweifachbelegung, zum Teil mit zwei verschiedenen Ausführungsformen;

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt der Grabkammer nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht eines Stützringes der Grabkammer nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 4

einen Querschnitt einer Bodenwanne der Grabkammer nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 5

einen Querschnitt eines Kammerringes der Grabkammer nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 und 7

je einen ausschnittweise dargestellten Längsschnitt zweier abgewandelter weiterer Ausführungsformen der Grabkammer;

Fig. 8

einen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Grabkammer:

Fig. 9

einen ausschnittweise dargestellten Längsschnitt der Grabkammer nach Fig. 26:

Fig. 10

einen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Grabkammer, mit abgenommenem Trog:

Fig. 11

eine ausschnittweise dargestellte Seitenansicht der Grabkammer nach Fig. 28;

Fig. 12

eine Draufsicht der Gabkammer nach Fig. 28, mit ausschnittweise dargestellten Nachbarkammern;

Fig. 13

einen Längsschnitt der Grabkammer nach Fig. 28.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to several exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a longitudinal section of a burial chamber for double occupancy, partly with two different embodiments;

Fig. 2

a cross section of the burial chamber of FIG. 1;

Fig. 3

a plan view of a support ring of the burial chamber of FIG. 1;

Fig. 4

a cross section of a floor pan of the burial chamber of FIG. 1;

Fig. 5

a cross section of a chamber ring of the burial chamber of FIG. 1;

6 and 7

each shows a longitudinal section of two modified further embodiments of the burial chamber;

Fig. 8

a cross section of another embodiment of the burial chamber:

Fig. 9

26 shows a longitudinal section of the burial chamber according to FIG. 26:

Fig. 10

a cross section of another embodiment of the burial chamber, with the trough removed:

Fig. 11

a fragmentary side view of the burial chamber of FIG. 28;

Fig. 12

a plan view of the dispensing chamber of Figure 28, with adjacent chambers shown in sections.

Fig. 13

28 shows a longitudinal section of the burial chamber according to FIG. 28.

The burial chamber 20 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is for a Dual funeral training. It has two individual chambers 21 and 22, which are arranged one above the other. in the The area of the individual chamber 21 located below is the burial chamber 20 shown in two different embodiments, depending on the geological conditions prevailing at the installation site and / or mineralogical conditions optionally can be used.

The embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2 on the left side the burial chamber, for better distinction referred to as the burial chamber 20a, has two chamber rings 23, which are identical to one another and are arranged one above the other. The in Figs. 1 and 2 on the Grave chamber 20b shown on the right shows in the area the bottom single chamber 21 a floor pan 24 and above a chamber ring 23. The chamber rings 23 and the floor pan 24 have a clear internal height H1, which is at least same as that prescribed for a burial chamber or single chamber Height are. This is generally 80 cm.

For a simple burial or individual burial, a such burial chamber only either with a chamber ring 23 or equipped with a floor pan 24.

The overhead single chamber 22 is through upwards closed a lid, which is designed as a trough 25. The trough 25 is at a short distance from a support ring 26 surround.

The chamber ring 23 has a closed ring Circumferential wall 27, which has a rectangular plan area Has. It is open at the bottom. The floor pan 24 also has an all-round closed peripheral wall 28, which largely is equal to the peripheral wall 27 of the chamber ring 23 and the has the same floor plan. At the lower end of the peripheral wall 28 connects a bottom 29, which together with the Circumferential wall 28 is made in one piece. The chamber ring 23 and the floor pan 24, i.e. her peripheral wall 28 and her Floor 29, are made of reinforced concrete.

The upper edge of the chamber ring 23 and the bottom pan 24 is provided with a peripheral edge profile 41, which in both Share is the same. This edge profile 41 will formed by a groove 42 which has a V-shaped cross section Has. It is generally symmetrical about the center plane the relevant peripheral wall 29 and 27 respectively. The lower edge of the chamber ring 23 is also with a Edge profile 43 provided. It is a counter profile to the upper one Edge profile 41 formed. It is circulating roof-shaped rib 44 formed exactly in the groove 42nd fits (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5).

The trough 25 is designed similar to the floor pan 24. He has an annularly closed peripheral wall 45 and one Bottom 46 produced in one piece therewith. His top Edge 47 is flat. At the bottom of the bottom 46 is in the Continuation of the peripheral wall 45 is a circumferential edge profile 48 available, the same as the lower edge profile 43 on the chamber ring 23 is formed and by a roof-shaped Rib 49 is formed.

The trough 25 has a certain clear height H2, which in general is about 60 cm. At a certain height H3 over the trough 25 has a series of drainage openings at the bottom 46 51 on. This height H3 is approximately 10 cm. The Trough 25 takes the usual earth cover 52 of the burial chamber 20 on.

The support ring 26 has an annularly closed peripheral wall 53 on. Its upper edge 54 is flat and at least approximately flush with the likewise flat upper edge 47 of the Troges 25 (Figs. 1 and 2). The peripheral wall 53 surrounds the Trough 25 at a short distance, which measures only a few cm.

At the lower edge of the support ring 26 is an inward protruding skirting board 55 available. It runs from the circumferential wall 53 from initially obliquely downwards and then a certain distance upwards. The Skirting board 55 has the clear internal dimensions of the chamber ring 23. In the area of the outline projection of the peripheral wall 45 of the trough 25 has the baseboard 55 on the Top of an upper edge profile 56 and on the bottom a lower edge profile 57. The upper edge profile 56 of the Skirting board 55 is largely the same as the upper edge profile 41 of the chamber rings 23 and the bottom pan 24 are formed. The lower edge profile 57 of the baseboard 55 is largely equal to the lower edge profile 43 of the chamber rings 23 is formed.

Two gas locks 58 are arranged in the trough 25, one of them Gas and air exchange between the interior of the burial chamber 20 and the environment. This exchange always occurs when due to fluctuations in the atmospheric air pressure, sometimes an overpressure and sometimes a negative pressure compared to that in the interior of the burial chamber 20 existing gas volume. The earth cover 52 in Trough 25 acts when the gas is exchanged from the inside to the outside as an odor filter, which is the gaseous decomposition products records. Due to the existing in the earth cover 52 Small matter, these substances are broken down to the extent that they are are organic in nature.

To exchange gas between the interior of the burial chamber 20 and to enable the surroundings, the gas locks 58 are on a through opening 59 in the bottom 46 of the trough 25 (Fig. 1) gas and watertight connected.

So that through the drainage openings 51 from the trough 25 escaping water, especially rainwater or excess Irrigation water that can drain freely are on the support ring 26 53 drainage openings 78 in the lower region of its wall available. Your entrance opening is outside the upper edge profile 56 of the skirting board 55, but as tight as possible next to it. The water drainage openings 78 run expediently obliquely downwards and open outside the Floor plan of the chamber rings 23. This can water flowing freely into the ballast filling 79 emerge from the burial chamber 20 from the top at least in the middle height range of the upper chamber ring 23 surrounds the outside. This ballast filling 79 provides for the fact that the draining water on one possible large area of the surrounding the burial chamber 20 Can distribute soil.

So that the gap between the trough 25 and the support ring 26 does not gradually fill up with earth and / or sand, causing the outflow of the water emerging from the trough 25 hindered by the drain openings 78 in the support ring 26 could be and what also the later excavation of the Trough 25 from the support ring 26 could be hindered this gap covered with cover strips 81. You have a T-shaped profile, the web part on the gap width of the Gap matched between the trough 25 and the support ring 26 is. The cover strips 81 themselves, i.e. the flange part of the T-profile, extends by one on both sides certain distance on the upper edge 47 of the trough 25 and the upper edge 53 of the support ring 26 out. They will be the easiest made of a thermoplastic as a molded plastic part manufactured. The cover strips 81 can also be formed as masking tapes made of one material lower dimensional stability, e.g. made of rubber become. These masking tapes also have a T-shaped shape Profile and have a web part on one side, the in the gap between the trough 25 and the support ring 26th is inserted and thereby the masking tape at the correct one Holds place.

The cover strips 81 are at the corners of the burial chamber 20 or the corresponding masking tapes on a miter cut so that the gap in the corners as possible is completely covered.

The burial chamber 20 is constructed in this way or also built that either on the leveled bottom of a pit a chamber ring 23 or a floor pan 24 is placed. The choice between the chamber ring 23 and the floor pan 24 depends on whether at the installation site with little to no groundwater, backwater and stratified water at all has to be calculated or whether that might be in one very large proportions or occasionally can.

If the burial chamber was only for a single burial, i.e. intended to hold just one coffin, is on the chamber ring 23 or on the floor pan 24 of the Support ring 26 placed and the trough 25 inserted therein.

In the burial chamber 20 (FIG. 1), which is used for a double burial, i.e. for holding two coffins one above the other, is determined, is on the lower chamber ring 23 or the floor pan 24 a second chamber ring 23 placed. First then the support ring 26 and the trough 25 are placed.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3, is on the support ring 26 on a narrow side a foundation 88 for one Gravestone 89 arranged. This tombstone foundation is 88 formed as a widening of the wall 53 and on the Integrally molded on the outside. The steel reinforcement of the support ring 26 formed as a reinforced concrete part extends into the gravestone foundation 88.

In the grave chamber shown in detail in FIG. 6 110 is the support ring 111 opposite the support ring 26 modified so that its peripheral wall 112 all around is evenly thick, i.e. neither of the two Narrow sides have a widening that serves as a tombstone foundation serves. For this is at the trough 113 on one narrow side a foundation 114 for a tombstone 115 is present. This tombstone foundation 114 is on the inside of the Circumferential wall 116 of the trough 113 arranged, in one piece molded onto it, the steel reinforcement of the Troughs 113 into the gravestone foundation 114 extends.

For the burial chamber 110, a subsequent burial (in Connection to a previous burial) the gravestone 115 remain on its foundation 114. He will lifted from the burial chamber together with the trough 113 and later used again with her in the support ring 111.

7 is the burial chamber 120 shown in FIG Support ring 121 as the support ring 111 (Fig. 6) with all around running even thick peripheral wall 122. Also the Trough 123 has an evenly thick circumferential wall all around 124 executed, as is the case with the trough 25 (FIG. 1) is. To create a sufficiently wide foundation for a tombstone 125 is a base part within the trough 123 126 arranged on one narrow side of the Trough 123 is placed next to the peripheral wall 124. It stands on the floor 127 of the trough 123 and has one such a height that its flat upper edge 128 with the same flat upper edge 129 of the trough 123 is flush. The base part 126 is expediently on the adjacent one Section of the trough wall 124 anchored. This happens, for example by means of some screws, either through Through holes in the trough wall 124 are inserted and are screwed into wall dowels, which are in blind holes in the Base part 126 are inserted, or through the through holes screwed into wall anchors in base part 126 are used in blind holes in the trough wall 124 are. If the anchorage is made sufficiently strong the base does not have to sit on the floor but can save weight on the top section be restricted.

The burial chamber 210 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is largely in terms of their basic geometric shape equal to the burial chamber 20. It has a floor pan 211 and a trough 212 serving as a lid. So far in the following individual parts with regard to their training and / or The arrangement cannot be explained separately, it can be assumed that they are the same or at least similar to the corresponding parts of the previously described embodiments and their configurations are formed and arranged are.

In the grave chamber 210, there could be between the floor pan 211 and the trough 212 a chamber ring to be used for a Double burial to create a second single chamber, like that is the case with the burial chamber 20. As for the following Explanations both on the burial chamber with floor pan as well as a burial chamber with a chamber ring instead the floor pan or with an additional chamber ring above the floor pan is referred to, these parts sometimes referred to collectively as chamber parts.

The trough 212 of the burial chamber 210 is small all around Distance surrounded by a support ring 213. It is in the upper Area of the peripheral wall 214 of the floor pan 211 on this molded. Between the vertically aligned wall part 215 and the peripheral wall 214 is oblique in cross section extending transition part 216 present. In the transition part 216 there are water drainage openings 217.

The peripheral wall 214 of the floor pan 211 still extends a certain distance upwards over the transition part 216.

In view of the fact that the upper edge of the floor pan 211 a certain distance above the transition part 216 of the Support ring 213 lies, is also the parting line between the floor pan 211 and the trough 212 by approximately the same distance above the water drain openings 217. As a result, the sealing compound introduced into the joint protected from more water, even if the Grave chamber once exposed to heavy rainfall should be.

The upper edge 218 of the support ring 213 is just like that top edge 219 of trough 212. The top edge of the floor pan 211 in turn has an edge profile 221, which through a circumferential channel with a V-shaped cross section is formed becomes. At the bottom of the trough 212 is the edge profile 222 as a counter profile to the upper edge profile 221 available. It is shaped by a surrounding roof-shaped Rib formed.

A gas lock 223 is arranged in the floor pan 211. It has two pipe sockets 224, which are each one Through hole 225 in the peripheral wall 214 of the floor pan 211 extend through. The gas lock 223 is like one Siphons built up and contains a barrier liquid.

The burial chambers shown in FIGS. 10 to 13 are compared to the previously described burial chambers more modified.

The burial chamber 230 has a floor pan 231 and an as Cover the trough 232 placed on it (Fig. 13). The Floor pan 231 has the upper edge profile 233 at the upper edge on. Accordingly, the trough 232 has on its underside the lower edge profile 234. When using the burial chamber a sealing compound is introduced into the joint.

The floor pan 231 has on each of its two narrow sides a support wall 235 or 236 on the associated Wall section 237 or 238 of the peripheral wall 239 formed is. In longitudinal section with respect to the floor pan 231, have the support walls 235 and 236 have the same cross section as that circumferential support ring 213 present in the base pan 211 (Fig. 8). The support walls 235 and 236 close a certain one Route below the upper edge of the floor pan 231 with an oblique transition part 241 to the wall section 237 and 238 (Fig. 11 and Fig. 13). The perpendicular aligned wall portion 242 extends to the top of the trough 232 placed on the floor pan 231. Between the inside of the support walls 235 and 236 and the Trough 232 is again a small distance.

As can be seen from FIGS. 10 and 12, extend the support walls 235 and 236 laterally over the escape level of the each adjacent longitudinal wall 243 and 244 by a certain Measure beyond. The minimum value of this excess is equal to that Half of the clear distance between a retaining wall and the trough 232. This excess can also be considerable be larger, in each case half of the desired mutual distance of two burial chambers in a row of burial chambers. The support walls 235 and 236 have one over their entire height constant width and thus a flat end face 245 or 246. When the burial chambers are lined up (Fig. 30) are these end faces 245 and 246 of two adjacent Grave chambers close together and the individual retaining walls 235 or 236 thus form for the entire row of burial chambers a continuous longitudinal support wall.

So in such a row of burial chambers the trough at the end the row of burial chambers also arranged on its long side is shielded from the neighboring earth, is next to a further supporting wall 247 is arranged in this burial chamber. she is designed as an independent part. Their height is the same the height of the floor pan 231 including its retaining walls 235 and 236. The two end faces of the support wall 247 are on the inside 248 of the end walls facing her matched (Fig. 11). The support wall 247 is supported on the Outside of the floor pan 231. In the area of the trough 232 she has a small distance from the outside like him also between the trough and the two supporting walls 235 and 236 is present on the narrow sides of the burial chamber. This distance can be created in that the Retaining wall 235 set back somewhat in the height region of the trough 232 is, or also in that the outside of the Troges opposite the outside of the peripheral wall 239 of the Floor pan 232 is offset inwards. If after installation the support wall 247 next to the one at the end of the row of burial chambers standing burial chamber is used and on its outside the filling material has been introduced and pounded the support wall 247 sufficient stability, so the distance to the trough is always maintained.

In addition to the burial chamber 230, there are two further burial chambers in FIG 250 opposite the burial chamber 230 are modified. The modification essentially exists in that in this burial chamber 250 on the floor pan 251st there is only one supporting wall 252 on one narrow side, which is formed like the support wall 235.

The one support wall 252 forms together with those in FIG the same escape line lying support walls 252 of the on the one side of adjacent burial chambers 250 and with the retaining wall 235, the neighboring burial chambers on the other side 230 again a continuous longitudinal support wall for the Row of burial chambers. In the area of the other narrow side is no earth fill provided but a second row of burial chambers with burial chambers of the same type, i.e. With just a retaining wall on one of the narrow sides, like it in Fig. 12 below the burial chamber shown in full 250 through the grave chamber shown in broken lines 250 'is indicated. This second row of burial chambers is next to the first row of burial chambers with the same small number Distance arranged between the support walls 235 and 236 and the trough 232 is observed.

The arrangement of the burial chambers shown in FIG. 12 230 and 250 only serve to clarify the Differences between the two embodiments. In reality are in a row either only burial chambers 230 or Grave chambers 250 can be arranged side by side. So far Grave chambers 250 are used at both ends of the Row of burial chambers also each have a similar retaining wall the support wall 247 arranged. In this, not shown Embodiment of the further retaining wall is that of the Support wall 252 facing away from the outline of the Grave chamber 250 including their trough matched. There the burial chambers 250 generally only in two rows Arrangement can be used in which the two rows with their narrow walls without supporting walls are closely adjacent to each other are also an embodiment of the further support wall are used, the length of which is equal to the clear distance of the molded support walls 252 of both rows of burial chambers. Then are also the two end faces of this double long one Retaining wall designed accordingly.

Reference list

20th

Burial chamber

21

Single chamber

22

Single chamber

23

Chamber ring

24th

Floor pan

25th

trough

26

Support ring

27

Peripheral wall

28

Peripheral wall

29

ground

41

Edge profile

42

Gutter

43

Edge profile

44

rib

45

Peripheral wall

46

ground

47

upper edge

48

Edge profile

49

rib

51

Drainage openings

52

Earth cover

53

Peripheral wall

54

upper edge

55

Skirting board

56

upper edge profile

57

lower edge profile

58

Gas lock

59

Through opening

78

Water drainage openings

79

Ballast filling

81

Cover strips

88

foundation

89

Tombstone

110

Burial chamber

111

Support ring

112

Peripheral wall

113

trough

114

foundation

115

Tombstone

116

Peripheral wall

120

Burial chamber

121

Support ring

122

Peripheral wall

123

trough

124

Peripheral wall

125

Tombstone

126

Base stone

127

ground

128

upper edge

129

upper edge

210

Burial chamber

211

Floor pan

212

trough

213

Support ring

214

Peripheral wall

215

Wall part

216

Transition part

217

Water drainage openings

218

upper edge

221

Edge profile

222

Edge profile

223

Gas lock

224

Pipe socket

225

Through holes

226

inner space

227

Earth cover

230

Burial chamber

231

Floor pan

232

trough

233

upper edge profile

234

lower edge profile

235

Retaining wall

236

Retaining wall

237

Wall section

238

Wall section

239

Peripheral wall

241

Wall part

242

Wall part

243

Longitudinal wall

244

Longitudinal wall

245

Face

246

Face

247

Retaining wall

248

inside

250

Burial chamber

251

Floor pan

252

Retaining wall

253

Longitudinal wall

254

Longitudinal wall

Claims (15)

1. A burial chamber having the following features:

   at least one annular chamber (23) which is closed all the way round and has a particular height is provided,

   a lid (25) which lies on the upper edge of the annular chamber (23) and upwardly closes off the annular chamber (23) is provided,

   a gas lock (58) is provided,

   which is connected in gas-tight manner to a through opening (59) in the lid (25) and

   which enables an exchange of gas between the interior of the burial chamber (20) and the surrounding area and prevents water from penetrating into the burial chamber (20),

   provided on the lid (25) is an earth covering (52) which covers the gas lock (58) by a particular minimum depth and acts as an odour filter,

   characterised by the following features:

   the lid is constructed as a trough (25) which receives the earth covering (52),

   supporting walls (26) are provided

   which outwardly surround the trough (25) all the way round at a small spacing and

   which are formed by the peripheral wall (53) of a supporting ring (25) which is closed all the way round,

   the supporting ring (26) is form-fittingly connected to the annular chamber (23).
2. A burial chamber according to Claim 1, characterised by the following feature:

   the supporting ring (26) has on the inside a peripheral fitting strip (55),

   whereof the underside has a profile (57) which is matched to the shape of the upper side (41) of the peripheral wall (27) of the annular chamber (23) and

   whereof the upper side has a profile (56) which is matched to the shape of the underside (48) of the trough (25) and the edge profile (48) provided there.
3. A burial chamber according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised by the following feature:

   the annular chamber is provided with a fixed base (29) which is preferably integrally formed in one piece on the peripheral wall (28) and forms therewith a base tray (24).
4. A burial chamber having the following features:

   at least one chamber part which is closed all the way round and is in the form of an annular chamber or a base tray (211) and has a particular height is provided,

   a lid is provided

   which lies on the upper edge of the chamber part (211) and upwardly closes it off and

   which receives an earth covering (227),

   a through opening (225) is provided in the base of the lid (212) and/or in a peripheral wall (214) of the chamber part (211), and connectable thereto in gas-tight manner is a gas lock (223),

      characterised by the following features:

   the lid is constructed as a trough (212) which receives the earth covering,

   supporting walls are provided

   which outwardly surround the trough (212) all the way round at a small spacing and

   which are formed by the peripheral wall of a supporting ring (213) which is closed all the way round and is integrally formed on the annular chamber or on the base tray (211),

   the wall parts (215) of the supporting ring (213), for a particular length below the upper edge (222) of the chamber part (211), are connected to the outside thereof and extend upwards at least approximately to the height of the trough (212) placed on the chamber part (211).
5. A burial chamber having the following features:

   at least one chamber part which is closed all the way round and is in the form of an annular chamber or a base tray (231) and has a particular height is provided,

   a lid (232) is provided

   which lies on the upper edge of the chamber part (231) and upwardly closes it off and

   which receives an earth covering,

   a through opening is provided in the lid and/or in a peripheral wall of the chamber part (231), and connectable thereto in gas-tight manner is a gas lock,

      characterised by the following features:

   the lid is constructed as a trough (232) which receives the earth covering,

   supporting walls (235; 236; 252; 247) are provided which outwardly surround the trough (232) all the way round at a small spacing, either directly or, if a plurality of laterally mutually adjacent chamber parts (231; 251) are placed in a row, in some cases indirectly,

   of these supporting walls, at least one support wall (235) is integrally formed on a short side of the chamber part (231) in such a way that the supporting wall (235), for a particular length below the upper edge (233) of the chamber wall (243; 244), is connected to the outside thereof and extends upwards at least approximately to the height of the trough (232) placed on the chamber part (231),

   the supporting wall (235) extends on one side or on both sides by a particular amount beyond the plane of alignment with the adjacent longitudinal wall (243; 244) of the chamber part (231).
6. A burial chamber according to Claim 5, characterised by the following feature:

   on the short side remote from the (first) supporting wall (235), the chamber part (231) is provided with a second supporting wall (236) which is of at least approximately the same construction as the first supporting wall (235).
7. A burial chamber according to Claim 5 or 6, characterised by the following features:

   arranged on a longitudinal side of the chamber part (231) is a further supporting wall (247)

   which is constructed as an independent part,

   whereof the height preferably extends to the height of the supporting wall (235) on the short side of the chamber part (231), and

   whereof one end side is matched to the inner side (248), facing the latter, of the first supporting wall (235) of the chamber part (231) and whereof the second end side is matched, where there is provided a second supporting wall (236), to the inner side thereof facing the latter or, if there is no second supporting wall, to the outline of the chamber part.
8. A burial chamber according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterised by the following feature:

   on the second longitudinal side the chamber part is provided with a further supporting wall which is of at least approximately the same construction as the supporting wall on the first longitudinal side.
9. A burial chamber according to one of Claims 5 to 8, characterised by the following features:

   the intermediate space between two mutually adjacent burial chambers is covered by one or more covering strips or covering plates,

   preferably, the covering strips or covering plates have a T-shaped profile whereof the limb part is matched to the gap between the burial chambers,

   the covering plates preferably extend to the mutually remote edge of those walls on which they lie.
10. A burial chamber according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised by the following features:

    the intermediate space between a burial chamber or the trough (25) thereof and an adjacent supporting wall (53) is covered by one or more covering strips (81) or covering plates,

    preferably, the covering strips (81) or covering plates have a T-shaped profile whereof the limb part is matched to the gap between the buriai chamber or the trough (25) thereof and the supporting wall (53),

    the covering plates preferably extend to the mutually remote edge of those walls on which they lie.
11. A burial chamber according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised by the following feature:

    in the lower region of the walls (53) of a supporting ring (26) or the supporting walls (235; 236) water drainage openings (78) are provided which open to the outside beyond the base outline region of the annular chamber (23) or the base tray (24) or the chamber part (211; 231).
12. A burial chamber according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised by the following features:

    a foundation (88) for a gravestone (89) is arranged on a short side of the supporting ring (26),

    preferably, the gravestone foundation (88) is constructed as a widening of the wall (53) of the supporting ring (26) and is preferably integrally formed on the outside of the supporting ring (26) in one piece therewith.
13. A burial chamber according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised by the following feature:

    a foundation (114) for a gravestone (115) is arranged on a short side of the trough (113).
14. A burial chamber according to Claim 13, characterised by the following feature:

    the gravestone foundation (114) is constructed as a widening of the wall (116) of the trough (113) and is preferably integrally formed on the inside of the trough (113) in one piece therewith.
15. A burial chamber according to Claim 13, characterised by the following feature:

    the gravestone foundation is formed by an independent part (126) which is preferably anchored to the lid or trough (123).

Images