EP0691437A1 - Method for stabilising slopes - Google Patents
Method for stabilising slopes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0691437A1 EP0691437A1 EP95250163A EP95250163A EP0691437A1 EP 0691437 A1 EP0691437 A1 EP 0691437A1 EP 95250163 A EP95250163 A EP 95250163A EP 95250163 A EP95250163 A EP 95250163A EP 0691437 A1 EP0691437 A1 EP 0691437A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- slope
- plants
- branches
- slopes
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
- E01F8/02—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic specially adapted for sustaining vegetation or for accommodating plants ; Embankment-type or crib-type noise barriers; Retaining walls specially adapted to absorb or reflect noise
- E01F8/021—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic specially adapted for sustaining vegetation or for accommodating plants ; Embankment-type or crib-type noise barriers; Retaining walls specially adapted to absorb or reflect noise with integral support structure
- E01F8/026—Live wall, e.g. interlaced twines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
- E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for fastening slopes according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- Unpaved slopes tend to slip due to the tensile and shear forces that occur, especially when additional forces are exerted on the slope from the top edge of the terrain. These forces occur e.g. due to the weight of buildings erected on the top of the site or trains traveling over the top of the site. The forces that can cause the slope to slide depend on the slope and the nature of the slope.
- Soil or rock nailings are support structures that act as composite bodies.
- Nail walls consist of three elements, namely the existing floor or rock, the inserted steel or plastic rods and a thin protective skin on the front of the wall.
- the floor is lifted from top to bottom on individual floors and the exposed wall surface is quickly secured with shotcrete.
- the nails with a rod diameter of approx. 20-30mm are usually inserted into the floor approximately perpendicular to the wall surface. This can be done by ramming, drilling, flushing or vibrating.
- the annular space created by the hole is filled with cement mortar and pressed.
- the nail head After the cement mortar has hardened, the nail head must be non-positively connected to the shotcrete skin. Immediately afterwards, a new layer can be excavated.
- the length of the nails corresponds to about 0.5-0.7 times the wall height, depending on the soil or rock properties, geometric conditions and external loads. Soil and rock nailings have been used frequently since around 1970, especially in the Austrian Alpine region.
- the method which was previously only based on empirical design approaches, has been improved in the course of the last few years to a method to be calculated with the aid of statics (Grundbau-Taschenbuch Part 3 3rd edition; Verlag Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1987).
- the disadvantage of this method is the use of unnatural building materials, which represents a significant interference in the natural balance.
- the thin shotcrete skin acts like a seal on the floor.
- Rainwater can no longer seep into the ground through the shotcrete skin and consequently flows down the slope, where it has to be drained off via the sewer system and is therefore removed from the groundwater cycle.
- the materials used are exposed to the usual wear processes such as corrosion, so that the quality of the slope fastening decreases over time.
- Another option for securing slopes is layer construction. Living plants are placed on the slope. When building hedges, rooted plants are placed so close to one another on a berm or terrace 0.5 to 0.7m deep, the lying area of which should rise at least 10% to the outside, that they protrude about a third of their entire length beyond the level. Spill-resistant deciduous trees with the ability to develop adventitious roots are preferred. Another variant is the construction of the bush layer. Starting at the base of the slope, ditches or terraces from 50 to 100 cm wide are drawn. Your planum should rise at least 10 ° outwards so that the branches later root along the entire length.
- the shrubbery is laid on these terraces in such a way that branches of at least 1m in length only protrude a fifth to a quarter of their entire length.
- the branches are crossed and not laid in parallel so that pieces of earth are covered for as long as possible.
- not only different types of plants are mixed, but also different ages and branches.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for slope fixing, in which the slope stability is predictable and permanent, and consequential damage can be avoided.
- the invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing.
- the single figure shows a basic illustration of a support body in the form of a slope fastening reinforced by branches and twigs.
- a slope of height H to be secured is shown in FIG. Without fastening, the tensile and shear forces that arise result in a maximum fracture area 1 with a maximum width B occurring on the upper edge of the slope.
- branches and branches 2 By deliberately inserting branches and branches 2 into the depth b of the slope, the soil mechanical fracture properties of the slope are disturbed in such a way that that the slope reacts like a composite or monolith.
- the depth b of the branches and branches, as well as the distance h between the mounting brackets depends on the angle of inclination, the height and the material properties of the slope. The relationships are to be illustrated using a numerical example.
- the number of branches and branches 2 to be used is 11 per running meters built-in, ie 220 branches and branches 2 per running meter of slope to achieve an inclination of the decisive fracture surface of 42 °, i.e. smaller than the inclination angle of 45 ° of the slope.
- the 3 ° difference is necessary to comply with the safety margins specified by the DIN regulations.
- the distance between parallel individual branches and branches 2 to each other in a built-in berm should be at least 0.02m, so that there are no mutual negative influences. This also limits the number of branches and branches per running meter of installation height.
- the method is preferably used for slopes that are only formed by fillings, since the introduction of the plants and / or parts of plants can thereby be handled particularly easily. But it is also suitable for existing slopes.
- slopes up to an inclination of 70 ° can be attached, so that it is suitable for attaching slopes and embankments as well as for attaching sound insulation walls.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Befestigung von Hängen nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for fastening slopes according to the preamble of
Unbefestigte Hänge neigen durch die auftretenden Zug- und Scherkräfte zum Abrutschen, insbesondere wenn zusätzlich äußere Kräfte von der Geländeoberkante auf den Hang einwirken. Diese Kräfte treten z.B. durch die Gewichtskraft von auf der Geländeoberkante errichteter Gebäude oder über die Geländeoberkante fahrende Züge auf. Die Kräfte, die zum Abrutschen des Hanges führen können, sind von der Steilheit und der Beschaffenheit des Hanges abhängig.Unpaved slopes tend to slip due to the tensile and shear forces that occur, especially when additional forces are exerted on the slope from the top edge of the terrain. These forces occur e.g. due to the weight of buildings erected on the top of the site or trains traveling over the top of the site. The forces that can cause the slope to slide depend on the slope and the nature of the slope.
Es ist bekannt, durch Bodenvernagelungen das Abrutschen von Hängen zu vermeiden. Bei Boden- bzw. Felsvernagelungen handelt es sich um Stützkonstruktionen, die als Verbundkörper wirken. Nagelwände bestehen aus drei Elementen, nämlich dem anstehenden Boden oder Fels, den eingebrachten Stahl- oder Kunststoffstäben und einer dünnen Schutzhaut an der Wandvorderseite. Dazu wird der Boden in einzelnen Etagen von oben nach unten ausgehoben und die freigelegte Wandfläche rasch mit Spritzbeton gesichert. Die Nägel mit einem Stabdurchmesser von ca. 20-30mm werden nach dem Erhärten des Spritzbetons meist annähernd senkrecht zur Wandfläche in den Boden eingebracht. Dies kann durch Rammen, Bohren, Spülen oder Vibration erfolgen. Zur Gewährleistung eines ausreichenden Verbundes zwischen Nagel und Boden wird der durch die Bohrung entstandene Ringraum mit Zementmörtel gefüllt und verpreßt. Nach dem Erhärten des Zementmörtels ist der Nagelkopf mit der Spritzbetonhaut kraftschlüssig zu verbinden. Unmittelbar darauf kann eine neue Lage ausgehoben werden. Im Regelfall entspricht die Länge der Nägel etwa dem 0,5-0,7 fachen der Wandhöhe, und zwar je nach Boden- bzw. Felseigenschaften, geometrischen Verhältnissen und äußeren Lasten. Boden- bzw. Felsvernagelungen werden seit etwa 1970, vor allem im österreichischen Alpenraum häufig verwendet. Das zuvor nur auf empirischen Bemessungsansätzen basierende Verfahren wurde im Verlaufe der letzten Jahre zu einem mit Mitteln der Statik zu berechnendes Verfahren verbessert (Grundbau-Taschenbuch Teil 3 3.Aufl.; Verlag Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1987). Nachteilig bei diesem Verfahren ist die Verwendung von unnatürlichen Baustoffen, was einen erheblichen Eingriff in den Naturhaushalt darstellt. So wirkt z.B. die dünne Spritzbetonhaut wie eine Versiegelung des Bodens. Regenwasser kann durch die Spritzbetonhaut nicht mehr im Erdreich versickern und fließt folglich hangabwärts, wo es per Kanalisation abgeführt werden muß und somit dem Grundwasserkreislauf entzogen wird. Des weiteren sind die verwendeten Materialien den üblichen Verschleißprozessen wie z.B. Korrosion ausgesetzt, so daß im Laufe der Zeit die Güte der Hangbefestigung abnimmt.It is known to prevent slopes from slipping by nailing the ground. Soil or rock nailings are support structures that act as composite bodies. Nail walls consist of three elements, namely the existing floor or rock, the inserted steel or plastic rods and a thin protective skin on the front of the wall. For this purpose, the floor is lifted from top to bottom on individual floors and the exposed wall surface is quickly secured with shotcrete. After the shotcrete has hardened, the nails with a rod diameter of approx. 20-30mm are usually inserted into the floor approximately perpendicular to the wall surface. This can be done by ramming, drilling, flushing or vibrating. To ensure a sufficient bond between the nail and the floor, the annular space created by the hole is filled with cement mortar and pressed. After the cement mortar has hardened, the nail head must be non-positively connected to the shotcrete skin. Immediately afterwards, a new layer can be excavated. As a rule, the length of the nails corresponds to about 0.5-0.7 times the wall height, depending on the soil or rock properties, geometric conditions and external loads. Soil and rock nailings have been used frequently since around 1970, especially in the Austrian Alpine region. The method, which was previously only based on empirical design approaches, has been improved in the course of the last few years to a method to be calculated with the aid of statics (Grundbau-Taschenbuch Part 3 3rd edition; Verlag Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1987). The disadvantage of this method is the use of unnatural building materials, which represents a significant interference in the natural balance. For example, the thin shotcrete skin acts like a seal on the floor. Rainwater can no longer seep into the ground through the shotcrete skin and consequently flows down the slope, where it has to be drained off via the sewer system and is therefore removed from the groundwater cycle. Furthermore, the materials used are exposed to the usual wear processes such as corrosion, so that the quality of the slope fastening decreases over time.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Hangbefestigung ist der Lagenbau. Dabei werden lebende Pflanzen in den Hang verlegt. Beim Heckenlagenbau werden bewurzelte Pflanzen auf eine 0,5 bis 0,7m tiefe Berme oder Terrasse, deren liegende Fläche mindestens 10% nach außen ansteigen soll, so dicht nebeneinander gelegt, daß diese etwa ein Drittel der ganzen Länge über das Planum hinausragen. Bevorzugt werden verschüttungsresistente Laubgehölze, die die Fähigkeit zur adventiven Wurzelbildung besitzen. Eine weitere Variante ist der Buschlagenbau. Am Hangfuße beginnend zieht man Gräben oder Terrassen von 50 bis 100 cm Breite. Ihr Planum soll mindestens 10° nach außen ansteigen, damit später die Äste an der ganzen Länge bewurzeln. Auf diese Terrassen wird das Buschwerk so eingelegt, daß Äste von mindestens 1m Länge nur ein Fünftel bis ein Viertel ihrer gesamten Länge herausragen. Die Äste werden überkreuzt und nicht parallel verlegt, damit möglichst lange Stücke von Erde bedeckt sind. Dabei werden zur Erzielung verschieden tiefer Wurzelhorizonte und eines möglichst gleichmäßigen Aufwuchses nicht nur verschiedene Pflanzenarten, sondern auch verschiedene Altersphasen und Aststärken gemischt. Mit dem Aushub des darüber liegenden Grabens wird der untere wieder zugeschüttet. In Schüttungen geht der Buschlagenbau weit einfacher vor sich. Die Außenseite der Schüttungen wird jeweils mit einer leichten Steigung gegen den Hang hin ausgebildet. Auf diesen äußersten Streifen der Schüttung wird das Buschwerk ausgelegt und beschüttet. Bei Schüttungen können mehrere Meter lange Äste verlegt werden, wodurch ohne bedeutenden Mehraufwand eine außerordentlich tief reichende Festigkeit erzielt wird. Durch die anschließende Bewurzelung erhöht sich die Festigkeit weiter (Grundbau-Taschenbuch Teil 3, 3.Aufl.; Verlag Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1987). Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Hangbefestigung ist der Heckenbuschlagenbau, der einer Kombination der beiden oben beschriebenen Lagenbauarten entspricht. Nachteilig bei allen Verfahren des Lagenbaus ist die mangelnde Berechenbarkeit der Festigkeit. Dies ist aber gerade für Bauten auf der Hangoberkante oder vor dem Böschhungsfuß dringend notwendig, so daß diese weder mit dem Hang zusammen abrutschen, noch von dem abrutschenden Hang zugeschüttet werden. Gleiches gilt selbstverständlich auch für sich auf oder unterhalb des Hanges befindliche Personen.Another option for securing slopes is layer construction. Living plants are placed on the slope. When building hedges, rooted plants are placed so close to one another on a berm or terrace 0.5 to 0.7m deep, the lying area of which should rise at least 10% to the outside, that they protrude about a third of their entire length beyond the level. Spill-resistant deciduous trees with the ability to develop adventitious roots are preferred. Another variant is the construction of the bush layer. Starting at the base of the slope, ditches or terraces from 50 to 100 cm wide are drawn. Your planum should rise at least 10 ° outwards so that the branches later root along the entire length. The shrubbery is laid on these terraces in such a way that branches of at least 1m in length only protrude a fifth to a quarter of their entire length. The branches are crossed and not laid in parallel so that pieces of earth are covered for as long as possible. In order to achieve root horizons of different depths and the most even growth possible, not only different types of plants are mixed, but also different ages and branches. When the trench above is excavated, the lower one is filled up again. The construction of the bush layer is much easier in fill. The outside of the fillings is formed with a slight slope towards the slope. The shrubbery is laid out and poured onto this outermost strip of the fill. In the case of fillings, branches several meters long can be laid, which means that one can be built without significant additional effort extraordinarily deep-reaching strength is achieved. The subsequent rooting increases the strength further (Grundbau-Taschenbuch Part 3, 3rd edition; Verlag Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1987). Another possibility for hillside attachment is hedge bush construction, which corresponds to a combination of the two types of layers described above. A disadvantage of all layer construction methods is the lack of predictability of the strength. However, this is urgently necessary, especially for buildings on the upper edge of the slope or in front of the embankment foot, so that they do not slide off the slope, nor are they covered by the slipping slope. The same naturally also applies to people on or below the slope.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist von daher, ein Verfahren zur Hangbefestigung zu schaffen, bei dem die Hangfestigkeit berechenbar und dauerhaft ist, sowie Folgeschäden vermieden werden.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for slope fixing, in which the slope stability is predictable and permanent, and consequential damage can be avoided.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1. Durch die Berechnung des Mindestdurchmessers der lebenden, adventiv wurzelbildenden Pflanzen und/oder Pflanzenteilen, deren Länge und Rastermaß mittels aus der Bodenmechanik bekannter Rechenverfahren ermittelt werden, ist es möglich, rechnerisch nachweisbare, dauerhafte Hangfestigkeiten mit lebendbewehrten Boden zu erreichen. Die dadurch erzielte Hangfestigkeit ist sofort voll wirksam. Durch die spätere Wurzelbildung und das damit einhergehende Dickenwachstum wird die Hangfestigkeit zusätzlich erhöht. Die Wurzelbildung ist nur für die Nährstoffversorgung der lebenden Pflanzen wichtig, daß diese nicht absterben und verrotten. Für die direkte Hangbefestigung ist die Wurzelbildung nur ein positiver Nebeneffekt. Die Pflanzenteile werden in solchen Mengen und mit solchen Querschnitten je m Fläche lagenweise im Boden angeordnet, so daß durch den Einbau der Pflanzen die bodenmechanischen Brucheigenschaften des Bodens so gestört werden, daß dieser als Monolith reagiert.The solution to the problem results from the characterizing features of
Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt eine Prinzipdarstellung eines Stützkörpers in Form einer durch Äste und Zweige bewehrten Hangbefestigung.The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. The single figure shows a basic illustration of a support body in the form of a slope fastening reinforced by branches and twigs.
In der Fig.1 ist ein abzusichernder Hang der Höhe H dargestellt. Ohne Befestigung ergibt sich aufgrund der auftretenden Zug- und Scherkräfte eine maximale Bruchfläche 1 mit einer an der Hangoberkante auftretenden maximalen Breite B. Durch das gezielte Einbringen von Zweigen und Ästen 2 in die Tiefe b des Hanges, werden die bodenmechanischen Brucheigenschaften des Hanges derart gestört, daß der Hang wie ein Verbundkörper oder Monolith reagiert. Die Tiefe b der Zweige und Äste sowie der Abstand h der Einbaubermen ist abhängig vom Neigungswinkel, der Höhe und der Materialeigenschaft des Hanges. Anhand eines Zahlenbeispieles sollen die Relationen verdeutlicht werden.A slope of height H to be secured is shown in FIG. Without fastening, the tensile and shear forces that arise result in a
Gegeben sei ein Hang der Höhe H (H=10m) und einem Neigungswinkel von 45°. Die Materialeigenschaften des Hanges seien bestimmt durch die Wichte 19 kN/m³, einer scheinbaren Kohäsion von 1 kN/m, eines Reibungswinkels des Bodens von 32,5° und einer inneren Standsicherheit von 1,4. Als Parameter zur Variation der Güte der Hangfestigkeit stehen der Abstand der Einbaubermen, die Eindringtiefe b, die mittlere Dicke, die Neigung und die Anzahl pro laufenden Meter Einbauberme der Zweige und Äste 2 zur Verfügung. Dabei sind jedoch die biologischen Grenzen der einzelnen Parameter zu beachten. Bei einer Eindringtiefe b von 2m, einer mittleren Dicke von 0,05m und einer Neigung von 10° der Zweige und Äste 2, sowie einem Abstand h der Einbaubermen von 0,5m errechnet sich die Anzahl der zu verwendenden Zweige und Äste 2 auf 11 pro laufenden Meter Einbauberme, d.h. 220 Zweige und Äste 2 pro laufenden Meter Hang um eine Neigung der maßgebenden Bruchfläche von 42° zu erreichen, also kleiner als der Neigungswinkel von 45° des Hanges. Die 3° Differenz sind notwendig, um die von den DIN-Vorschriften vorgegebenen Sicherheitsmargen einzuhalten. Der Abstand paralleler einzelner Zweige und Äste 2 zueinander in einer Einbauberme sollte mindestens 0,02m betragen, damit keine gegeseitigen negativen Beeinflussungen stattfinden. Damit ist auch die Anzahl der Zweige und Äste pro laufenden Meter Einbauberme begrenzt.Given a slope of height H (H = 10m) and an angle of inclination of 45 °. The material properties of the slope are determined by the weights 19 kN / m³, an apparent cohesion of 1 kN / m, a rubbing angle of 32.5 ° and an internal stability of 1.4. The distance between the installation berms, the penetration depth b, the average thickness, the inclination and the number of installation bumps of the branches and
Das Verfahren wird vorzugsweise für erst durch Schüttungen entstehende Hänge verwendet, da dadurch das Einbringen der Pflanzen und/oder Pflanzenteilen besonders einfach gehandhabt werden kann. Es ist aber auch für bereits bestehende Hänge geeignet.The method is preferably used for slopes that are only formed by fillings, since the introduction of the plants and / or parts of plants can thereby be handled particularly easily. But it is also suitable for existing slopes.
Wachsen einzelne Pflanzen oder Pflanzenteile nicht an, so müssen diese durch neue Pflanzen oder Pflanzenteile ersetzt werden. Sind jedoch erst einmal alle Pflanzen angewachsen, so wird der altersmäßige Ausfall einzelner Pflanzen durch Austrieb neuer junger Pflanzen mehr als kompensiert. Es stellt sich ein ökologisches Gleichgewicht ein.If individual plants or parts of plants do not grow, they must be replaced by new plants or parts of plants. However, once all plants have grown, the age-related failure of some becomes Plants more than compensated for by growing new young plants. There is an ecological balance.
Mit dem Verfahren können Hänge bis zu einer Neigung von 70° befestigt werden, so daß es neben der Befestigung von Hängen und Böschungen auch zur Befestigung von Schallschutzwällen geeignet ist.With this method, slopes up to an inclination of 70 ° can be attached, so that it is suitable for attaching slopes and embankments as well as for attaching sound insulation walls.
Claims (2)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Mindestdurchmesser, die eingebrachte Tiefe und das Rastermaß der verwendeten Pflanzen und/oder Pflanzenteilen abhängig von Neigung und Materialbeschaffenheit des Hanges mittels aus der Bodenmechnik bekannter Rechenverfahren ermittelt werden.Process for fixing slopes with living, adventitious root-forming plants and / or parts of plants,
characterized,
that the minimum diameter, the introduced depth and the grid dimension of the plants and / or plant parts used are determined depending on the slope and material properties of the slope by means of calculation methods known from soil technology.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4424212A DE4424212A1 (en) | 1994-07-09 | 1994-07-09 | Procedure for fixing slopes |
| DE4424212 | 1994-07-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0691437A1 true EP0691437A1 (en) | 1996-01-10 |
| EP0691437B1 EP0691437B1 (en) | 1999-11-03 |
Family
ID=6522722
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95250163A Expired - Lifetime EP0691437B1 (en) | 1994-07-09 | 1995-07-05 | Method for stabilising slopes |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5702207A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0691437B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE186352T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4424212A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0691437T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2138142T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3032414T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2072687A1 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-24 | Schulze und Matthes G.b.R. | Method for increasing the safety of the position of naturally occurring or shaken soil masses by introducing attachment elements, preferably vegetative attachment elements, and assembly for carrying out the method |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6524027B1 (en) | 2000-05-03 | 2003-02-25 | Dst Consulting Engineers Inc. | Stabilization system for soil slopes |
| DE10220481A1 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-27 | Lbe Lebend Bewehrte Erde Ag | Method for stabilizing of slopes uses adventitiously roof-forming plants with a rate of growth of max. 70% of reference plant 'salix alba', for less aftercare |
| DE10323141B4 (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2005-12-22 | Ross, Kurt G., Dipl.-Ing. | Method for the static securing of retaining walls and filling packing therefor |
| DE202008000025U1 (en) | 2008-03-11 | 2008-08-14 | S. Schulze und S. Matthes GbR (vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter: Herr Dipl.-Ing. Siegfried Matthes, 10963 Berlin) | Green outer skin of a slope, in which parts of the outer skin are covered with a textile fabric or knitted fabric layer |
| DE102012111002A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 | 2014-06-18 | Jähne Gmbh Für Produktinnovationen | Method and device for increasing the stability of soil masses |
| CN111335341A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-06-26 | 贵州正业工程技术投资有限公司 | Ecological concrete slope protection structure crossing rock mass cracks and construction method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU895359A1 (en) * | 1980-06-18 | 1982-01-07 | Kavkazskij Vnii Lesovodstva Me | Method of consolidating mountain slopes |
| EP0216422A1 (en) * | 1985-09-10 | 1987-04-01 | Holding Riede B.V. | Soundproof wall |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1984001791A1 (en) * | 1982-10-27 | 1984-05-10 | Henning Jensen | Plantwall usable as sound barrier |
| DE3402531C2 (en) * | 1984-01-26 | 1986-03-27 | Wolfgang 2833 Groß Ippener Behrens | Dry grass structure |
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1994
- 1994-07-09 DE DE4424212A patent/DE4424212A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1995
- 1995-07-05 AT AT95250163T patent/ATE186352T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-05 DK DK95250163T patent/DK0691437T3/en active
- 1995-07-05 DE DE59507162T patent/DE59507162D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-07-05 EP EP95250163A patent/EP0691437B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-05 ES ES95250163T patent/ES2138142T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-07 US US08/499,733 patent/US5702207A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-01-19 GR GR20000400111T patent/GR3032414T3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU895359A1 (en) * | 1980-06-18 | 1982-01-07 | Kavkazskij Vnii Lesovodstva Me | Method of consolidating mountain slopes |
| EP0216422A1 (en) * | 1985-09-10 | 1987-04-01 | Holding Riede B.V. | Soundproof wall |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| "Grundbau-Taschenbuch", part 3 1987, VERLAG ERNST & SOHN, BERLIN |
| DATABASE WPI Week 8246, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 82-Q1035E * |
| K. WOODTLI: "erfahrungen mit lebendverbaumethoden", ROUTE ET TRAFFIC, vol. 64, no. 4, 13 April 1978 (1978-04-13), pages 134 - 139 * |
| VIDAL: "reinforced earth. A new material for civil engineering construction.", BUILDING SIENCE ABSTRACTS, vol. 39, November 1966 (1966-11-01), pages 332 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2072687A1 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-24 | Schulze und Matthes G.b.R. | Method for increasing the safety of the position of naturally occurring or shaken soil masses by introducing attachment elements, preferably vegetative attachment elements, and assembly for carrying out the method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4424212A1 (en) | 1996-01-18 |
| ATE186352T1 (en) | 1999-11-15 |
| US5702207A (en) | 1997-12-30 |
| DE59507162D1 (en) | 1999-12-09 |
| GR3032414T3 (en) | 2000-05-31 |
| ES2138142T3 (en) | 2000-01-01 |
| EP0691437B1 (en) | 1999-11-03 |
| DK0691437T3 (en) | 2000-03-27 |
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