EP0524710B1 - Besteckteile aus Metall - Google Patents

Besteckteile aus Metall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0524710B1
EP0524710B1 EP92250179A EP92250179A EP0524710B1 EP 0524710 B1 EP0524710 B1 EP 0524710B1 EP 92250179 A EP92250179 A EP 92250179A EP 92250179 A EP92250179 A EP 92250179A EP 0524710 B1 EP0524710 B1 EP 0524710B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bowl
spoon
cutlery
eating utensil
charaterized
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92250179A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0524710A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow
EP0524710A2 (de
Inventor
Eike Fritz Dr.-Ing. Wend
Hans-Friedrich Dr. Chem. Fehse
Rolf Dipl.-Ing. Ritter (Fh)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WMF Group GmbH
Original Assignee
WMF Group GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WMF Group GmbH filed Critical WMF Group GmbH
Publication of EP0524710A2 publication Critical patent/EP0524710A2/de
Publication of EP0524710A3 publication Critical patent/EP0524710A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0524710B1 publication Critical patent/EP0524710B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G21/00—Table-ware

Definitions

  • the invention relates to one-piece cutlery parts made of metal, in particular table cutlery, such as knives, forks, spoons.
  • the high-quality cutlery parts made of steel or nickel silver which have become known and are available on the market, in particular made of rust-free chrome-nickel steel or nickel silver, have to be produced by complex manufacturing processes.
  • the manufacturing processes for the production of cutlery made of nickel silver, which are silvered, and for cutlery made of chrome-nickel steel are roughly the same.
  • Fork and spoon cutlery are cut out of sheet steel in one piece. These pre-cuts, called brandeln, have to be deburred and rolled. The burners for the production of spoon cutlery parts must be rolled down to a smaller material thickness in the area of the bowl to be formed later. Afterwards fork and spoon brandies have to be cut to size according to the model. Washing and glowing operations follow before the cutlery parts get their shape and decor through the embossing process.
  • the embossing process creates an inevitable burr on the "high edge" of the cutlery. This burr has to be sanded down, only then can the grinding and polishing operations for leveling the surface and for producing the gloss on the surface take place. On The washing process then completes the steps for the manufacture of cutlery items made of chrome-nickel steel. With silver-plated cutlery, silvering follows.
  • the knife booklet is welded together from two half-shells, which were previously formed from a sheet metal strip.
  • the blade is fastened in the hollow knife handle part, preferably by welding or cementing. With this type of knife, the handle is made from a surface-finishable chrome-nickel steel.
  • the blade is made of hardened, elastic, stainless steel.
  • a one-piece knife is produced from a hardenable chrome-nickel steel by rolling and / or forging.
  • JP-A-2057604 It is known from JP-A-2057604 to produce sintered bodies with excellent corrosion properties from stainless steel by injection molding metal powder mixtures kneaded with temporary organic binder and subsequently removing the binder from the green compact and sintering the green compact.
  • the object of the invention is to provide cutlery parts for cutlery which are new, comparatively simple and economical to produce and which, in addition to the usual simple design, permit practically unlimited variety of shapes and design possibilities.
  • the object of the invention is characterized in the characterizing part of the claim.
  • the subclaims 2 to 11 have expedient refinements.
  • cutlery parts according to the invention are comparatively less technically complex to manufacture, extremely variable in shape and - with unchanged good, partly improved usage properties - allow any new cutlery designs that are advantageous and expedient for increasingly internationalized eating habits. Cutlery parts according to the invention give every possibility for fashionable innovations and progressive designs.
  • cutlery parts according to the invention use is made of powder metallurgical injection molding known for other purposes.
  • This known working method involves the injection molding of metal powder mixtures pasted with temporary binders and the subsequent removal of the binder from the shaped body and sintering of the shaped body.
  • MIM method metal injection molding
  • cutlery parts according to the invention can also be produced with a complicated shape, for example a special decorative design of the cutlery handles or particularly “exotic” cutlery shapes.
  • the starting materials for cutlery items according to the invention are commercially available.
  • Metal powders of various compositions are available on the market in different particle sizes and shapes, in particular in spherical and spattery particle shapes with a relatively small particle size.
  • such metal powders of up to 60 ⁇ m can be used well for cutlery items according to the invention.
  • Metal powders down to 20 ⁇ m are especially recommended for the manufacture of cutlery items according to the invention.
  • the special composition of the starting metal powder for the production of cutlery items according to the invention depends on the properties specifically desired for the finished cutlery items. In contrast to conventional sheet metal material, it is possible with metal powder mixtures as the starting material to achieve alloys not to be produced by melt metallurgy and thus to achieve material properties of the cutlery parts according to the invention which are adapted to the intended uses.
  • the cutlery part properties for cutlery parts according to the invention can be influenced in a comparatively wide range by the composition of the metal powder mixtures used for the production.
  • the metal composition is no longer restricted to alloy phases.
  • Largely variable chemical compositions can be formed by powder metallurgy, and the shape, size and mixing ratio of differently shaped powder particles can influence the properties in the finished cutlery during its manufacture.
  • One-piece cutlery parts according to the invention can have two or more different alloy compositions over their longitudinal extent.
  • One-piece knife-cutlery parts according to the invention are particularly advantageous, the blade parts of which have a higher hardness than their shaft part.
  • cutlery parts according to the invention can also have a partially desired porosity and have a decorative coating, at least partially, for example on the handle part.
  • Cutlery parts according to the invention can have plastic functional and / or decorative elements that cannot be produced by sheet metal technology using industrial production methods at any desired location on the cutlery part surface. And they can be surface-treated in a manner known per se, for example provided with a detector by painting or enamelling.
  • the surfaces of cutlery items according to the invention can advantageously be partially decorated according to the process described in DE-PS 12 98 384 by the applicant. You can silver in a manner known per se.
  • Cutlery parts according to the invention require a small amount of material in their production because, in contrast to sheet metal production, there is practically no waste in the course of processing.
  • the melting and homogenization process is controlled by the speed of the screw.
  • the mixing length ie the screw length of the homogenizing extruder, calculated from the powder metal mass feed opening, was 12 D.
  • the homogenized powder-binder melt then goes into the cooling extruder, which has a degassing device by means of which the solvent present in the melt has been removed.
  • the binder was then heated from the demolded spoon body (green body), which consisted of 63 vol% powder metal and 37 vol% binder and was practically non-porous. For this, the green body was placed in a continuous furnace with a heating rate of 15 ° C / min.
  • the binder-free spoon body was then sintered in a sintering furnace for 10 hours under a pressure of 0.01 mb at 1260 ° C. and then slowly cooled to room temperature.
  • the spoon obtained in this way could be finished with conventional mechanical finishing and had an excellent appearance and very good usage properties.
  • the contour edge 4 of the bowl 2 forms a curve which has cracks. This curve consists of a total of three individual curves that do not continuously adjoin each other.
  • the bowl 2 has depressions 5 on its front side. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the dimensions of one depression 5a are larger than the other depression 5b. In addition, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 3, the thickness distribution of the bowl is discontinuous.
  • the bowl near the contour edge 4 is thicker than in the recess part running towards the center of the bowl, and in the recess 5a, the material thickness at the contour edge 4 is weaker than in the center of the bowl.
  • the bowl 2 also has an engraving 6 on its front side, which serves for decorative design, but at the same time also contributes to the identification of the different recesses 5 of the bowl 2.
  • the different thickness of the spoon improves the usage properties of the spoon.
  • the different recesses 5a and 5b which are delimited from one another, make it possible to separate dishes on this spoon, so that dishes received in the spoon can be wiped off separately from the lips, for example liquids and solids.
  • a three-leaf opening 7 is provided in the spoon 1.
  • This breakthrough is for decorative purposes. However, it can also be used to drain liquid from the bowl 2 in the particular handling position of the spoon.
  • This breakthrough 7 is harmoniously followed on the one hand by the engraving 8 and on the other hand by the curved lines of the stem neck 9.
  • the stem 3 offers an all-round view. It is designed on all sides with merging structured elements. From the stem neck 9, the stem 3 extends in a tapered profile 10 to the handle part 11.
  • the profile 10, as illustrated in FIG. 4 has a shape in its cut surface which is irregularly formed by various curves and undercuts. Both the cross-section and the shape of the profile 10 change over the length of the profile.
  • the spoon 15 shown in FIG. 5 is made in one piece from a bowl 16 and a handle 17 and, according to the material, from sintered metal made of stainless steel. It was manufactured using powder metallurgy.
  • the bowl 16 is formed on one side with a straight edge 18. With such a spoon according to the invention, dishes, especially liquids, can advantageously be taken from a plate.
  • the material distribution in the cross section of the bowl 16 is discontinuous. The thickness of the bowl is thinner on the straight edge 18 than on the opposite side. With this type of material distribution, the spoon is also suitable for being able to share food more easily.
  • FIG. 6 shows a spoon cutlery part 19 made of stainless sintered steel and made of a bowl 20 and a stem 21 in a conical shape of a bowl with roundings on the bowl tip 22.
  • this bowl 20 there are approximately straight side edges 23a and 23b on both sides, which bring about the same use effect as previously described in connection with the design according to FIG.
  • FIGS. 7 to 10 Further novel creative bowl shapes which could not be produced industrially with conventional spoon cutlery parts are shown in FIGS. 7 to 10.
  • the bowls 24, 26 and 29 shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 have an advantageously thin bowl material, as a result of which very light cutlery parts are desirably created.
  • the required stability in use is ensured according to the embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8 by edge reinforcements 25 and 27, so that the cutlery parts according to the invention thus formed are stable in use despite the thin material thickness of the bowl due to the thickened and rounded rim of the bowl.
  • the bowl 26 is designed to be pulled up laterally on one side.
  • the rim 28 of the bowl does not run in one plane, which also has an advantageous effect on the properties of use.
  • the light-weight cup 29 made of very thin material shown in FIG. 9 has an unreinforced, but angled cup edge 30 which ensures the required stability in use and is not unpleasant to handle and use.
  • FIG. 10 shows a spoon shape of a cutlery part according to the invention made of sintered metal, which is made in one piece from the bowl 31 and the handle 33, the handle 33 already beginning at the lateral bowl edge 32 and / or the bowl 34 increasing in thickness and continuously in its part 34 facing the handle turns into a thickened stem neck.
  • cutlery parts such as spoons, forks or knives in a conventional design, but consisting in one piece of sintered metal according to the invention.
  • Cutlery parts according to the invention which are produced by powder metallurgy, can be finished by a polishing operation in such a way that they have the same surface quality as a previously common cutlery part, which was produced and polished from sheet metal material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Table Equipment (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
EP92250179A 1991-07-23 1992-07-09 Besteckteile aus Metall Expired - Lifetime EP0524710B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4124393 1991-07-23
DE4124393A DE4124393A1 (de) 1991-07-23 1991-07-23 Besteckteile aus metall

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0524710A2 EP0524710A2 (de) 1993-01-27
EP0524710A3 EP0524710A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1994-03-02
EP0524710B1 true EP0524710B1 (de) 1997-01-29

Family

ID=6436831

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92250179A Expired - Lifetime EP0524710B1 (de) 1991-07-23 1992-07-09 Besteckteile aus Metall

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0524710B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPH05230506A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE148318T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (3) DE9116669U1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK0524710T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2099201T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GR (1) GR3023273T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4302967C1 (de) * 1993-02-03 1994-06-01 Elektro Gas Armaturen Oberflächenschutz bei porös gesinterten Eisen- und Stahlteilen
SE503422C2 (sv) * 1994-01-19 1996-06-10 Soederfors Powder Ab Sätt vid framställning av en sammansatt produkt av rostfria stål
DE59508447D1 (de) 1994-09-15 2000-07-13 Basf Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung metallischer Formteile durch Pulverspritzguss
US6309573B1 (en) * 1999-05-19 2001-10-30 Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey Low pressure injection molding of flat tableware from metal feedstocks
GB0313017D0 (en) * 2002-08-10 2003-07-09 Emtelle Uk Ltd Signal transmitting cable
DE102009004675A1 (de) 2009-01-12 2010-07-15 Carl Mertens Besteckfabrik Gmbh Besteckteil mit Dekor
JP2011030729A (ja) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-17 Combi Corp 液体摂取用スプーン

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH148057A (fr) * 1930-02-27 1931-07-15 Kramer Paul Couvert de table.
FR764140A (fr) * 1933-11-22 1934-05-15 Jakob Bischoff Aktien Ges Cuiller d'office à tous usages
CH216263A (de) * 1940-08-08 1941-08-15 Niklaus Waldesbuehl Paul Löffel.
FR1426656A (fr) * 1965-03-12 1966-01-28 Neuzeughammer Ambosswerk Messe Cuiller à bouche
DD110782A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1974-04-29 1975-01-12
US4425711A (en) * 1979-06-29 1984-01-17 Wood Geraldine E Double-ended doubly-concaved baby spoon
JPS6048472B2 (ja) * 1981-07-09 1985-10-28 東レ株式会社 ジルコニア焼結体
DE3135034C2 (de) * 1981-09-04 1984-02-23 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Werkstoff für Schmuck- und Gebrauchsgegenstände und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
JPS5883914A (ja) * 1981-11-16 1983-05-19 東レ株式会社 食器具
KR100239844B1 (ko) * 1991-06-27 2000-01-15 이토우 겐스케 금색 소결합금

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0524710T3 (da) 1997-07-21
ATE148318T1 (de) 1997-02-15
EP0524710A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1994-03-02
DE9116669U1 (de) 1993-06-17
DE4124393C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-05-27
GR3023273T3 (en) 1997-07-30
JPH05230506A (ja) 1993-09-07
DE59207977D1 (de) 1997-03-13
ES2099201T3 (es) 1997-05-16
EP0524710A2 (de) 1993-01-27
DE4124393A1 (de) 1993-01-28

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