EP0499818B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la pose d'étiquettes sur des récipients - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la pose d'étiquettes sur des récipients Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0499818B1
EP0499818B1 EP92101105A EP92101105A EP0499818B1 EP 0499818 B1 EP0499818 B1 EP 0499818B1 EP 92101105 A EP92101105 A EP 92101105A EP 92101105 A EP92101105 A EP 92101105A EP 0499818 B1 EP0499818 B1 EP 0499818B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
label
hot
setting adhesive
bonding surface
stack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92101105A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0499818A1 (fr
Inventor
Georg Zepf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krones AG
Original Assignee
Krones AG
Krones AG Hermann Kronseder Maschinenfabrik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krones AG, Krones AG Hermann Kronseder Maschinenfabrik filed Critical Krones AG
Publication of EP0499818A1 publication Critical patent/EP0499818A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0499818B1 publication Critical patent/EP0499818B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65C—LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
    • B65C9/00—Details of labelling machines or apparatus
    • B65C9/20—Gluing the labels or articles
    • B65C9/22—Gluing the labels or articles by wetting, e.g. by applying liquid glue or a liquid to a dry glue coating
    • B65C9/2204—Gluing the labels or articles by wetting, e.g. by applying liquid glue or a liquid to a dry glue coating using spraying means
    • B65C9/2213—Applying the liquid on the label
    • B65C9/2221—Applying the liquid on the label continuously, i.e. an uninterrupted film
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65C—LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
    • B65C9/00—Details of labelling machines or apparatus
    • B65C9/08—Label feeding
    • B65C9/12—Removing separate labels from stacks
    • B65C9/16—Removing separate labels from stacks by wetting devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702—For plural parts or plural areas of single part
    • Y10T156/1744—Means bringing discrete articles into assembled relationship
    • Y10T156/1763—Magazine stack directly contacting separate work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702—For plural parts or plural areas of single part
    • Y10T156/1744—Means bringing discrete articles into assembled relationship
    • Y10T156/1768—Means simultaneously conveying plural articles from a single source and serially presenting them to an assembly station
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702—For plural parts or plural areas of single part
    • Y10T156/1744—Means bringing discrete articles into assembled relationship
    • Y10T156/1768—Means simultaneously conveying plural articles from a single source and serially presenting them to an assembly station
    • Y10T156/1771—Turret or rotary drum-type conveyor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702—For plural parts or plural areas of single part
    • Y10T156/1744—Means bringing discrete articles into assembled relationship
    • Y10T156/1776—Means separating articles from bulk source
    • Y10T156/1778—Stacked sheet source
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702—For plural parts or plural areas of single part
    • Y10T156/1744—Means bringing discrete articles into assembled relationship
    • Y10T156/1776—Means separating articles from bulk source
    • Y10T156/1778—Stacked sheet source
    • Y10T156/178—Rotary or pivoted picker

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for applying labels to vessels according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying it out according to the preamble of claim 7.
  • a method and an associated device of a completely different type are also known, in which the removal of the labels from a stationary container is not effected by large-area adhesive surfaces coated with cold or wet glue, but directly by the container provided with a narrow hot-melt strip along a surface line done (DE-U-87 03 630).
  • the end of the label on the foremost label in the container is provided with a series of hot glue spots using several fixed spray nozzles.
  • the invention is based on the object, in a generic method and a generic device, to significantly reduce the dependence on the shape and location of the hot glue application on the labeling performance performed.
  • the hot glue is applied while the label in question is still completely or partially in the stack or in the container and the coating with cold glue has not yet begun or is in progress. This avoids all problems when applying the hot glue to moving labels from the outset.
  • the shape and position of the hot glue application can be precisely determined and adhered to. Even when operating with changing capacities, as is customary in modern labeling machines, there is no change in the hot glue application. Due to the separation of the cold glue and hot glue areas, mutual impairment of the adhesive force and disruptions when removing the labels from the adhesive surfaces are excluded.
  • the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention enable a constant quality of the hot glue application under all operating conditions.
  • the device according to the invention can also be of relatively simple construction, since the control of the application device for hot melt is independent of the Speed of the adhesive surfaces or the gripper cylinder; therefore no variable "lead times" are required to control the application device. In addition, there is no "warping" of the hot glue application due to a relative speed between the application device and the label surface.
  • the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is integrated in a labeling machine, only partially shown, and is used for attaching anchor-shaped labels 2 a to bottles 11 with a metallic cap, e.g. a screw cap, such that the label 2 a acts as a locking device.
  • a metallic cap e.g. a screw cap
  • the device has a rotor 8 which can be rotated continuously about a vertical axis 12, on the edge of which eight shafts 13 are rotatably mounted parallel to the axis 12.
  • the lower ends of the shafts 13 are provided with a cam mechanism, not shown, arranged in the interior of the rotor 8 Connection that gives them an inevitable oscillating movement when the rotor 8 rotates.
  • the upper ends of the shafts 13 are mounted in a removable cover plate 20.
  • a removal element 3 with a partially cylindrical curved, eccentric to the central axis of the shaft 13 adhesive surface 4 is attached.
  • a gluing device 6 for cold or wet glue with a glue roller 14 which can be rotated continuously in the direction of the arrow, a glue nozzle 15 and an adjustable glue strip 16.
  • the removal elements 3 are controlled as they pass through the glue roller 14 in such a way that they roll with their finely grooved adhesive surface 4 onto the jacket of the glue roller 14 with almost no slippage, and evenly take in the cold glue fed through the glue nozzle 15 and metered by the glue strip 16.
  • a container 1 for a stack of labels 2 constructed from a plurality of parallel guide rails is arranged on the circumference of the rotor 8 so that its removal opening or the frontmost label 2 a of the stack 2 located there extends tangentially to the rotor 8.
  • the guide rails are provided with small lugs (not shown), by means of which the labels 2a, which are under pressure from a slide (not shown), are fixed in the container 1.
  • the removal elements 3 are controlled when passing through the container 1 such that their adhesive surfaces 4 coated with cold glue strip-like and roll off almost slip-free on the foremost label 2 a and this gradually by means of glue adhesion from Remove the label stack 2 or take it out of the container 1.
  • a gripper cylinder 5 with cam-controlled gripper fingers 17 and elastic pressure pads 18 is arranged on the circumference of the rotor 8 and can be rotated continuously in the direction of the arrow.
  • the removal elements 3 are controlled when passing the gripper cylinder 5 in such a way that the front label edges are gripped by the gripper fingers 17 and the labels 2 a are then carefully peeled off from the adhesive surfaces 4. Part of the cold glue is transferred from the adhesive surfaces 4 to the back of the labels 2a and forms a striped cold glue layer 19 there. This is indicated in FIG. 3 with horizontal lines.
  • the adhesive surfaces 4 in the region of the guide rails of the container 1 and the gripper fingers 17 of the gripper cylinder 5 are provided with glue-free recesses which lead to corresponding glue-free partial areas on the back of the label 2a.
  • the upper, narrow part of each removal element 3, which is intended for the central, strip-shaped part 2b of a label 2a, is shortened compared to this or the uppermost part of the adhesive surfaces 4 is completely omitted.
  • the upper, free end of the strip-shaped part 2b of the label which later comes into contact with the bottle cap, is therefore not acted upon by the removal element 3 during the removal from the label stack 2 and thus remains free of cold glue.
  • a plate-like bridge 9 which is pivotally supported at one end on a vertical standing column 21 and is releasably and rotatably supported on the central axis 12 of the rotor 8 by means of a plug-in bearing.
  • the bridge 9 can be pivoted in the direction of the arrow in the event of malfunctions or when the device is changed over, when an exchange of the shafts 13 with the removal elements 3 and a removal of the cover plate 20 is necessary, until it assumes an approximately vertical position.
  • an application device 7 for hot glue is attached, the spray nozzle 10 of which is directed precisely at the upper end of the strip-shaped part 2b of the foremost label 2a in the container 1.
  • the application device 7 is connected in the usual way via a heated hose 22 to a feed device 23 which contains a heated storage container, a pressure pump, control devices etc. and conveys liquid hot glue to the application device 7 under pressure.
  • the application device 7 also has a solenoid valve 24, through which the spray nozzle 10 is supplied with hot glue under high pressure.
  • the spray nozzle 10 applies an annular, bead-like coating 25 made of hot glue to the upper end of the part 2b of a label 2a. In the area of the coating 25, the label is free of cold glue.
  • the solenoid valve 24 of the application device 7 is controlled by a connected sensor 26, which responds to control pins 27 arranged on the circumference of the rotor 8, one for each shaft 13.
  • the sensor is like this aligned that the spray nozzle 10 is briefly activated whenever an adhesive surface 4 has come into contact with the rear end of the foremost label 2a in the container 1 at the beginning of its rolling process (see FIG. 1).
  • the spraying on of the coating 25 is ended when the adhesive surface 4 with its central web-shaped area hits the strip-shaped part 2b of the label 2a and lifts it out of the container 1.
  • the spraying is thus carried out on a completely stationary or stationary part of the label 2a, regardless of the labeling performance.
  • the solenoid valve 24 is additionally controlled by a bottle sensor, not shown, which prevents the removal of the relevant label in the absence of a bottle.
  • the spraying of hot glue is only activated if there is a bottle for the label in question or it is prevented that a label that cannot be removed is sprayed with hot glue several times.
  • the label removal can be prevented either by briefly moving the container 1 away from the rotor 8, or by correspondingly controlling the movement of the removal elements 3.
  • the labels 2a held on the circumference of the gripper cylinder 5 by the gripper fingers 17 with the back facing outwards thus have an annular application 25 of hot glue in their uppermost region and a coating 19 in the form of horizontal strips of cold glue in their middle and lower region on.
  • the area 19 can also be provided with further cutouts.
  • the hot glue application can also have a different shape and, for example, be designed in a punctiform manner.
  • the gripper cylinder 5 removes the labels 2a, which are removed from the stack of labels 2 in the manner described above, coated with cold glue through the adhesive surfaces 4 and hot glue through the spray nozzle 10 and then peeled off from the adhesive surfaces 4, and conveyed to the bottles 11 transported on a bottle table 28 which can be rotated in the direction of the arrow by means of the elastic pressure pads 18 and not shown blow nozzles on the trunk, neck and closure of the bottles 11.
  • the cold glue application 19 ensures good adhesion to the glass and the hot glue application 25 ensures good adhesion to the metal of the bottle stopper.
  • the label is then firmly attached to the contour of the bottle 11 by means of brushes and / or sponge rollers (not shown). After the hot glue has cooled and the cold glue has dried on, opening the bottle stopper inevitably leads to destruction of the strip-shaped part 2b of the label 2a, as a result of which the desired locking effect is achieved.

Landscapes

  • Labeling Devices (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour la pose d'étiquettes sur des récipients, dans lequel les étiquettes sont approvisionnées en forme de pile, chaque étiquette avant de la pile est reprise de cette dernière par le roulement d'une surface d'adhérence munie de colle à froid, et est alors enduite de colle à froid sur son dos, l'étiquette est décollée de la surface d'adhérence, puis pressée, par son dos encollé, sur un récipient, de la colle à chaud étant appliquée, avant la pression, sur un endroit au moins délimité du dos pour améliorer l'adhérence, caractérisé en ce que la colle à chaud est appliquée sur chaque étiquette avant de la pile, avant que cette étiquette ne soit totalement reprise par la surface d'adhérence, et en ce que la zone, enduite de colle à chaud, reste exempte de colle humide lors de l'application de cette colle par la surface d'adhérence.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la colle à chaud est appliquée pendant que la surface d'adhérence roule sur l'étiquette.
  3. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la colle à chaud est pulvérisée par impulsions.
  4. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la colle à chaud est uniquement appliquée à l'endroit du dos de l'étiquette, amené au contact du bouchon du récipient.
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la colle à chaud est appliquée en un seul endroit du dos de l'étiquette, se situant à l'extrémité d'une partie en forme de ruban de l'étiquette.
  6. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la colle à chaud est essentiellement appliquée en forme de cercle ou d'anneau de cercle sur le dos de l'étiquette.
  7. Dispositif pour la pose d'étiquettes sur des récipients, avec un conteneur (1) pour recevoir une pile (2) d'étiquettes, un élément de reprise (3), au moins, roulant sur la pile d'étiquettes par une surface d'adhérence incurvée (4), un cylindre de préhension (5), enlevant les étiquettes de l'élément de reprise et les pressant sur les récipients, un dispositif d'encollage (6), pouvant être alimenté en colle à froid pour la surface d'adhérence, et un dispositif d'enduction (7) pour la colle à chaud, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'enduction (7) pour la colle à chaud est associé au conteneur (1), de sorte qu'il sollicite chaque étiquette avant de la pile, en ce que la surface d'adhérence (4) est évidée ou supprimée dans la zone de l'étiquette, prévue pour la couche de colle à chaud, et en ce que le dispositif d'enduction (7) peut être commandé en fonction de la position de la surface d'adhérence (4) par rapport au conteneur (1).
  8. Dispositif suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'enduction (7) de colle à chaud présente un pulvérisateur (10), au moins, commandé par impulsions et disposé à une distance constante de l'ouverture de reprise du conteneur (1).
  9. Dispositif suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de reprise (3) tourne avec un rotor (8), qui commande son mouvement, et en ce que le pulvérisateur (10) du dispositif d'enduction (7) est disposé à une faible distance sur l'orbite des éléments de reprise (3).
  10. Dispositif suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le pulvérisateur (10) du dispositif d'enduction (7) est fixé sur un pont (9), pouvant pivoter en dehors de la trajectoire des éléments de reprise (3) et du conteneur (1).
EP92101105A 1991-02-22 1992-01-23 Procédé et dispositif pour la pose d'étiquettes sur des récipients Expired - Lifetime EP0499818B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4105524A DE4105524A1 (de) 1991-02-22 1991-02-22 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum anbringen von etiketten an gefaessen
DE4105524 1991-02-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0499818A1 EP0499818A1 (fr) 1992-08-26
EP0499818B1 true EP0499818B1 (fr) 1994-07-27

Family

ID=6425622

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92101105A Expired - Lifetime EP0499818B1 (fr) 1991-02-22 1992-01-23 Procédé et dispositif pour la pose d'étiquettes sur des récipients

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5174852A (fr)
EP (1) EP0499818B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4105524A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2060422T3 (fr)

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SE469226B (sv) * 1991-10-17 1993-06-07 Lars Erik Trygg Anordning foer anbringande av etiketter paa foeremaal
US5810955A (en) * 1995-01-09 1998-09-22 Label Masters Technical Services Inc. Apparatus and method for indexing containers
DE19719420A1 (de) * 1997-05-12 1998-11-19 Kronseder Maschf Krones Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen von Etiketten
DE19730307A1 (de) * 1997-07-15 1999-01-21 Focke & Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Handhaben von Banderolen bei der Übergabe an (Zigaretten-) Packungen
EP0894726A1 (fr) 1997-07-31 1999-02-03 Eastman Kodak Company Mécanisme pour appliquer des étiquettes sur la face intérieur d'un carton
US9855732B2 (en) 1999-01-25 2018-01-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of applying adhesive coated film
CN1153684C (zh) 1999-01-25 2004-06-16 3M创新有限公司 涂有粘合剂薄膜的粘贴方法
US7074295B2 (en) * 2000-06-06 2006-07-11 Applied Extrusion Technologies, Inc. Labelling apparatus and method for correcting visual adhesive defects
ATE265963T1 (de) * 2000-06-06 2004-05-15 Applied Extrusion Technologies Vorrichtung und verfahren zum etikettieren mit strahlenhärtbarem klebemittel
US7229517B2 (en) * 2000-06-06 2007-06-12 Applied Extrusion Technologies, Inc. Labeling apparatus and method employing radiation curable adhesive
US6551439B1 (en) 2000-06-06 2003-04-22 Applied Extrusion Technologies, Inc. Ultraviolet labeling apparatus and method
US7288304B2 (en) * 2002-03-15 2007-10-30 Exxonmobil Oil Corporation Metallized patch labels
DE502005001986D1 (de) * 2004-06-23 2007-12-27 Toepfer Kulmbach Gmbh Verfahren und anlage zum blasen- und einschlussfreien etikettieren von folienetiketten
DE102004030298A1 (de) * 2004-06-23 2006-01-19 Töpfer Kulmbach GmbH Verfahren und Anlage zum blasen- und einschlussfreien Etikettieren von Folienetiketten
US20070119542A1 (en) * 2005-11-30 2007-05-31 Williams David R Labeling method and apparatus
US8778122B2 (en) 2006-06-29 2014-07-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Adhering graphic films on irregular substrates
US20090188613A1 (en) * 2008-01-28 2009-07-30 Spear Usa, Llc Method and apparatus for applying pressure sensitive adhesive labels to containers
DE102011004976B4 (de) * 2011-03-02 2023-09-07 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Etikettiervorrichtung und Etikettierverfahren
DE102011001619A1 (de) 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines Klebemittels auf ein Objekt
BR112014002647A8 (pt) 2011-08-04 2017-06-20 Nulabel Tech Inc aparelho, método, e, sistema para imprimir e ativar um adesivo sobre etiquetas, e, cabeça de impressão
DE102014206672A1 (de) 2014-04-07 2015-10-08 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gebinden aus untereinander durch ein Haftmittel verklebten Artikeln
DE102015212136A1 (de) * 2015-06-30 2017-01-05 Krones Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Etikettieren von Behältern
DE102015212134A1 (de) * 2015-06-30 2017-01-05 Krones Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Etikettieren von Behältern
DE102018220356A1 (de) * 2018-11-27 2020-05-28 Krones Ag Kaltleim zum Aufspritzen auf Etiketten

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DE3927296A1 (de) * 1988-11-03 1990-05-10 Eti Tec Maschinenbau Etikettiermaschine zum etikettieren von behaeltern mit durch die behaelter von einem etikettenstapel unmittelbar entnommenen etiketten
DE4013983A1 (de) * 1990-05-01 1991-11-07 Eti Tec Maschinenbau Etikettiermaschine fuer mit schraubverschluessen verschliessbare flaschen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59200302D1 (de) 1994-09-01
EP0499818A1 (fr) 1992-08-26
DE4105524A1 (de) 1992-08-27
US5174852A (en) 1992-12-29
ES2060422T3 (es) 1994-11-16
DE4105524C2 (fr) 1993-02-11

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