EP0495722B1 - Navire à déplacement et à plusieurs coques à couple de redressement transversal limité et à résistance à l'avancement réduite - Google Patents

Navire à déplacement et à plusieurs coques à couple de redressement transversal limité et à résistance à l'avancement réduite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0495722B1
EP0495722B1 EP92400117A EP92400117A EP0495722B1 EP 0495722 B1 EP0495722 B1 EP 0495722B1 EP 92400117 A EP92400117 A EP 92400117A EP 92400117 A EP92400117 A EP 92400117A EP 0495722 B1 EP0495722 B1 EP 0495722B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water craft
side floats
floats
craft according
float
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92400117A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0495722A1 (fr
Inventor
François Faury
Jean-Eric Enault
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NOUVELLE DES ATELIERS ET CHANTIERS DU HAVRE Ste
Original Assignee
NOUVELLE DES ATELIERS ET CHANTIERS DU HAVRE Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR9100569A external-priority patent/FR2671775B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR9104724A external-priority patent/FR2675460B1/fr
Application filed by NOUVELLE DES ATELIERS ET CHANTIERS DU HAVRE Ste filed Critical NOUVELLE DES ATELIERS ET CHANTIERS DU HAVRE Ste
Publication of EP0495722A1 publication Critical patent/EP0495722A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0495722B1 publication Critical patent/EP0495722B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/125—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/14—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
    • B63B39/06—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/24—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a particular embodiment of the live works of a displacement vessel intended for high-speed navigation and capable of being used for various purposes, that is to say both for the realization of merchant ships , military and / or pleasure craft.
  • trimaran ships lies in particular in the fact that their return torque for very small heeling angles is extremely high compared to that of a monohull ship of conventional construction. This has the effect of making the ship uncomfortable, of increasing the forces applied to its structure and of making it sensitive to a chop of small amplitude.
  • the invention solves the problem set out above by making it possible to produce trimaran displacement vessels using a central float with a large length / width ratio and lateral floats. which generate, as a function of the heeling angles, progressive return torques similar to the righting torques of a monohull ship.
  • the ship becomes comfortable to roll and therefore particularly suitable for the transport of passengers and delicate goods.
  • Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a vessel applying the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a front frontal view of the same vessel.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are diagrams illustrating particular shapes which the stabilizing lateral hulls of the ship may have.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic section seen along line V-V of FIG. 3 and showing that the horizontal sections of some of the hulls of the ship may have particular shapes.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram, seen from above, of a ship also implementing the invention but having a different number of side hulls.
  • Figs. 7 and 8 are diagrams illustrating particular characteristics which the stabilizing lateral hulls of the ship may have.
  • Fig. 9 is an elevation similar to FIG. 1 of a variant.
  • Fig. 10 is a front view corresponding to FIG. 9.
  • Figs. 11 and 12 are diagrams showing particular embodiments.
  • the vessel shown in the drawing, of the displacement type, comprises a central float 2 connected to lateral floats 3, 4.
  • the central float 2 supports a platform 1 which is advantageously used to ensure the connection with the lateral floats 3 , 4.
  • the platform 1 supports a resistant structure 1 a forming arms or arches 1 b for connection with the lateral floats.
  • the central float 2 or hull is at least at its waterline and for all navigation conditions with a large length / width ratio, this ratio being at least equal to 8.
  • this ratio being at least equal to 8.
  • the width of the waterline at the master beam of the central float would advantageously be of the order of 8 meters.
  • the lateral floats constitute stabilizers and are made so as to present as a whole a small displacement which must be at most equal to 20% of the total displacement of the ship.
  • the buoyancy area of the lateral floats must be small and advantageously correspond to at most 15% of the total buoyancy area of the ship.
  • the initial useful length of the lateral floats 3, 4 is advantageously at most equal to 40% of the flotation length of the central float 2.
  • the ratio between its width and its draft water must be greater than l regardless of the waterline and the navigation conditions, that is to say any navigation waterline.
  • the shapes of the horizontal sections of the lateral floats are such that the sum for all of these floats, products for each float, the surface area expressed in square meters of its horizontal section divided by the square of the distance expressed in meters from its center line or median plane x to the center line or median plane X of the ship does not exceed the product of 80% of the weight expressed in metric tons of this ship by the sum of the number 4 and the distance expressed in meters between the center of the hull B and the center of gravity G of this vessel.
  • Fig. 3 shows that the lateral floats, for example the float 3, can have, in elevation, a generally rectangular shape and that its horizontal cross section, that is to say seen along the line VV, is constituted in the form of a rectangle R with short rounded or thinned sides to present suitable hydrodynamic qualities.
  • An O-shaped or wing-like ovoid shape is also suitable from a hydrodynamic point of view.
  • Fig. 1 shows that in elevation the lateral floats can have complex shapes, for example a substantially rectangular part R1 extending on either side of the waterline F, then at the anterior part a hindrance 20 extended by an oblique part 21.
  • Fig. 4 shows that the lateral floats can more simply have a submerged portion T substantially trapezoidal extended by an inclined bow 22.
  • Fig. 7 shows that the lateral floats can delimit two contiguous volumes without progressiveness.
  • Figs. 6 and 8 show that the lateral floats can be made up of two non-contiguous volumes.
  • Fig. 6 shows, by way of example, a central float 2 connected, at its rear part, to two lateral floats 3, 4 and, at its front part, to two lateral floats 3 a , 4 a whose spacing is advantageously, although not necessarily different from the spacing of the lateral floats 3, 4.
  • the ship shown in figs. 1 and 2 advantageously comprises a central hull 2 with an overall length of around 100 meters for a waterline length of around 95 meters.
  • the waterline width at the master beam of the central hull would be of the order of 8 meters, the axis or median plane x of the lateral hulls being substantially 15 meters from the axis or plane median X of the central shell and the cross section of the rectangular part R1 would be substantially that of a rectangle of one meter in width and a length of the order of 10 to 30 meters.
  • the height of the lateral floats would in this case be around 5 meters in their part having a substantially uniform cross section.
  • the lateral floats can advantageously be provided with aileron roll stabilizers 24, 25 preferably arranged inside the floats.
  • the embodiment according to the invention gives the vessel restoring torques as a function of the heeling angle clearly lower than for other multihull vessels, this allows the ailerons to be of small surface, therefore of small resistance to advancement.
  • the fins can be arranged on the inner faces of the lateral floats, they do not need to be retractable when the ship approaches a quay or in other circumstances, which reduces their cost.
  • figs. 1 and 2 show that at least one pitch stabilizer 27 can be provided under the central hull, preferably at its front part.
  • the stabilizer 27 can be of an active type, that is to say, with a movable fin controlled and slaved to the pitching movement or of a passive type, that is to say with a fixed fin.
  • the above stabilizer can be combined with supporting planes as explained below.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 Another embodiment is represented by FIGS. 9 and 10 according to which the central float 2 is produced in the form of a fine hull with large length / width ratio (LB) the top of which is connected, on the one hand, below the platform 1 or other means of connection and, on the other hand, to the lateral floats 3, 4.
  • LB length / width ratio
  • connection between the central float 2 and the lateral floats is preferably carried out by delimiting arches 6, 7 and each float is, moreover, connected to the platform by an arch element 8, respectively 9.
  • Each lateral float is constituted by a thin wall 10 at the lower end of which is provided a body 11 of substantially cylindrical shape of circular or elliptical section as shown in FIG. 10.
  • the axis 11 a thereof (fig. 9) is aligned or substantially aligned with the keel line 12 of the central float.
  • the means described above and the spacing of the lateral floats are chosen so as to give the vessel the transverse stability just necessary but optimal in normal sailing conditions, that is to say as long as the height of the waves reaches not the start of the vaults 6, 7 and the arch elements 8 when these are provided.
  • the central float can have very fine and taut water lines favorable to a high speed of movement and that the lateral tall floats, for example 5 to 10 meters for a 100 meter vessel are always sufficiently submerged to make the ship insensitive to the effects of swell.
  • the small width of the side floats which is advantageously of the order of 1 meter for a ship length of around 100 meters means that these side floats generate only a few waves, which facilitates the advance of the ship. .
  • Fig. 10 shows that the lateral floats have a practically constant small width over most of their height. In doing so, the hydrostatic reminder that they create as soon as the ship tilts transversely is not too important so that the ship proves to be comfortable in roll.
  • the stem 13 of the wall 10 is set back relative to the front end of the body 11 to form a bulb 14.
  • the floats 3, 4 are shown of substantially constant width. In practice, the width can be variable.
  • each lateral float is shown in one piece. If desired, the wall can be partly perforated or made up of successive arms.
  • the propulsion of the ship is essentially mechanical (propeller or jet of water for example) although a propulsion to sail can be easily carried out given that it is possible to act on the transverse stability by appropriately choosing the spacing between the central float and each of the lateral floats which can moreover be provided with ballast for the establishment of an adjustable lateral ballast making it possible to compensate the cottage on an edge.
  • FIG. 11 An advantageous development of the invention, applicable to the embodiments described, consists, as shown in FIG. 11, to articulate the lateral floats 3, 4 around longitudinal axes 28, 29 and to control the position of the floats by jacks 30, 31.
  • the lateral floats comprise telescopic parts 31, 41 controlled by jacks 32, 33.
  • carrier planes 34 adjustable or not, can be put in place both on the lateral floats and on the central float, or hull, to create a dynamic lift allowing partial planing of the ship and also for cooperating with the roll and pitch stabilizers by controlling the attitude of the ship.
  • flexible skirts can be provided between the central float and the walls of the lateral floats to create air intake tunnels in order to constitute lift and shock absorber cushions.
  • the platform 1 constitutes a load-bearing shell. It is possible, for certain applications, that the platform is replaced by other connecting means, for example by arms 17, 18 (fig. 12).
  • the arms 17, 18 can either be constituted by successive transverse beams or by a continuous web.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
EP92400117A 1991-01-18 1992-01-16 Navire à déplacement et à plusieurs coques à couple de redressement transversal limité et à résistance à l'avancement réduite Expired - Lifetime EP0495722B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9100569 1991-01-18
FR9100569A FR2671775B1 (fr) 1991-01-18 1991-01-18 Navire a coques multiples.
FR9104724A FR2675460B1 (fr) 1991-04-17 1991-04-17 Navire a deplacement et a plusieurs coques a couple de redressement transversal limite.
FR9104724 1991-04-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0495722A1 EP0495722A1 (fr) 1992-07-22
EP0495722B1 true EP0495722B1 (fr) 1995-05-17

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EP92400117A Expired - Lifetime EP0495722B1 (fr) 1991-01-18 1992-01-16 Navire à déplacement et à plusieurs coques à couple de redressement transversal limité et à résistance à l'avancement réduite

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US5529009A (xx)
EP (1) EP0495722B1 (xx)
JP (1) JP3304376B2 (xx)
KR (1) KR100215328B1 (xx)
CN (1) CN1039982C (xx)
AU (1) AU649513B2 (xx)
CA (1) CA2059608A1 (xx)
DE (1) DE69202468T2 (xx)
DK (1) DK0495722T3 (xx)
EE (1) EE02935B1 (xx)
ES (1) ES2072104T3 (xx)
FI (1) FI99103C (xx)
HK (1) HK182396A (xx)
HR (1) HRP921370B1 (xx)
NO (1) NO302223B1 (xx)
NZ (1) NZ241329A (xx)
PL (1) PL168606B1 (xx)
SI (1) SI9210051A (xx)
YU (1) YU48273B (xx)

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CN104002940A (zh) * 2012-05-10 2014-08-27 赵凤银 带高效消载止摇抗翻校正装置的航母、舰船、潜艇、海上平台
CN102923269B (zh) * 2012-11-16 2015-11-25 江苏科技大学 太阳能三体休闲艇
CN103723240B (zh) * 2014-01-27 2016-02-03 上海交通大学 球鼻艏组件
US9718516B2 (en) * 2014-09-30 2017-08-01 Maine Center For Coastal Fisheries Trimaran hull and boat
CN104494776B (zh) * 2014-12-03 2017-02-22 珠海云洲智能科技有限公司 带有球鼻艏的高速浅吃水三体船及系统
US9981721B2 (en) * 2015-07-30 2018-05-29 Premier Marine, Inc. Pontoon boat
JP2018103951A (ja) * 2016-12-28 2018-07-05 株式会社三井Ｅ＆Ｓホールディングス 三胴船及び三胴船の横揺低減方法
CN107089296B (zh) * 2017-03-28 2019-09-13 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 具有助航水翼的复合三体船
CN107585264B (zh) * 2017-08-30 2024-07-02 中国船舶科学研究中心上海分部 喷水推进双翼无人巡逻艇
CN107839834B (zh) * 2017-11-03 2019-04-05 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 一种五体船
CN107804421B (zh) * 2017-11-09 2019-11-05 浙江舟山博斯特船舶设计研究院有限公司 一种可变长宽比的三体船
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0495722A1 (fr) 1992-07-22
CN1039982C (zh) 1998-09-30
FI99103C (fi) 1997-10-10
NO920231L (no) 1992-07-20
DE69202468T2 (de) 1996-01-18
US5529009A (en) 1996-06-25
FI920198A0 (fi) 1992-01-16
NO920231D0 (no) 1992-01-17
NZ241329A (en) 1994-02-25
HRP921370B1 (en) 2000-02-29
PL293229A1 (en) 1992-09-07
JP3304376B2 (ja) 2002-07-22
AU1031492A (en) 1992-07-23
PL168606B1 (pl) 1996-03-29
DK0495722T3 (da) 1995-07-10
KR100215328B1 (ko) 1999-08-16
CN1065835A (zh) 1992-11-04
HK182396A (en) 1996-10-11
ES2072104T3 (es) 1995-07-01
DE69202468D1 (de) 1995-06-22
YU48273B (sh) 1997-12-05
EE02935B1 (et) 1996-08-15
AU649513B2 (en) 1994-05-26
CA2059608A1 (en) 1992-07-19
JPH05208696A (ja) 1993-08-20
KR920014685A (ko) 1992-08-25
SI9210051A (en) 1994-06-30
NO302223B1 (no) 1998-02-09
HRP921370A2 (en) 1995-06-30
FI99103B (fi) 1997-06-30
FI920198A (fi) 1992-07-19
YU5192A (sh) 1995-12-04

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