EP0494469B1 - Procédé pour l'assemblage d'une charge creuse - Google Patents

Procédé pour l'assemblage d'une charge creuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0494469B1
EP0494469B1 EP91203234A EP91203234A EP0494469B1 EP 0494469 B1 EP0494469 B1 EP 0494469B1 EP 91203234 A EP91203234 A EP 91203234A EP 91203234 A EP91203234 A EP 91203234A EP 0494469 B1 EP0494469 B1 EP 0494469B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive charge
precision explosive
charge
precision
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91203234A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0494469A1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Kaeser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SM Schweizerische Munitionsunternehmung AG
Original Assignee
Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft filed Critical Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
Publication of EP0494469A1 publication Critical patent/EP0494469A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0494469B1 publication Critical patent/EP0494469B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/036—Manufacturing processes therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for assembling a shaped charge containing a precision explosive charge, a metallic shell and an insert, wherein at least the precision explosive charge is cooled and introduced into the metallic shell using the thermal expansion of the parts mentioned, and application of the method and shaped charge produced thereafter.
  • the above-mentioned inlays also called liners, serve to form beams in shaped charges.
  • DE -C-3 434 847 It is an assembly process, i.e. to assemble a shaped charge known (DE -C-3 434 847), in which the lining and the explosive charge are resiliently pressed together.
  • DE -C 34 34 847 the explosive charge is reduced to the lowest operating temperature. cooled down to at least minus 40 ° C and the explosives, insert and other constituents, which are in the supercooled state, are simultaneously inserted into the heated or normal temperature casing and a ring is flanged. When the whole is subsequently heated to normal temperature, the charge is forcibly clamped in the shell.
  • the explosive charge is pressed in on one side when the ammunition is processed under pressure.
  • the projectile casing must have a wall which is strong enough to be able to withstand the forces which occur during the pressing.
  • shell casings that are relatively thick-walled and often tend to form fragments can be used. Under no circumstances can projectiles for missiles and missile projectiles be produced using the above method, since the wall of such projectiles in particular is to be made as thin as possible for reasons of weight.
  • a light metal alloy or steel is usually used for the metallic shell, copper is suitable for the lining, and the explosive charge is made from the HMX (octogen) or RDX (hexogen) designated plastic or wax-bound explosives.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method that ensures a crack and gap-free assembly of a precision explosive charge with an outer thin-walled metallic shell and an inner shaped charge lining.
  • the precision explosive charge can only be fully effective if it is enclosed on both sides by the casing and the lining without any space, this requirement should be met at a temperature range of -35 ° C to + 63 ° C. Since the temperature behavior of the materials mentioned is different, there is a risk of gaps or gaps that must be avoided.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the explosive in the whole or at least in the upper part of the required temperature range exceeds the thermal expansion coefficient of the lining and the casing.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the explosive is the same in the whole or at least in the upper part of the required temperature range as the thermal expansion coefficient of the lining and the casing.
  • the precision explosive charge should be inserted into the casing without tension in order to improve the quality of the projectile.
  • the shape of the liner be adapted to the process.
  • the method has the great advantage that even in the event of temperature fluctuations in the temperature range intended for use, there are no cracks due to tensile stresses in the precision explosive charge, thereby avoiding gaps or voids between the shell, explosive charge and lining.
  • the invention is also based on the object of specifying a method which ensures an air gap-free fit between the explosive charge and the projectile casing at operating temperatures of the ammunition from -35 ° C to + 63 ° C, and in particular also when the projectile casing is designed so light that it may not be pressed or re-pressed for reasons of strength.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a particularly light ammunition body which can be produced using this new method.
  • the pressed, dimensionally and dimensionally accurate explosive charge is cooled to a temperature of -50 ° C to -100 ° C and the metallic shell is heated to a temperature of + 50 ° C to + 80 ° C, then the jacketed precision explosive charge is warmed up to an intermediate temperature of -15 ° C to -35 ° C, at which the thermal expansion coefficients of the explosive and the metallic shell are the same and the lining is cooled to a temperature of -50 ° C to -100 ° C .
  • the invention has the enormous advantage that light projectiles can now be produced in very large batches without air pockets. Even the greater dangers in the laboratory, such as premature detonations, can hardly be feared.
  • a further advantage is obtained if the explosive charge is covered with a protective cover, so that no frost forms on the load during cooling. This also avoids the problems that would otherwise lead to undesirable water inclusions in the laboratory.
  • the protective cover advantageously consists of a plastic film that does not become brittle at low temperatures.
  • the explosive charge is sufficiently strong that it can be machined; Claim 9.
  • ammunition bodies with a casing made of light metal or of glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced plastics can be produced particularly well.
  • Such bullets usually have a very thin wall, practically with a thickness of 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm, and thanks to the method described, they do not pose any problems in their laboratory work.
  • nitropenta, hexogen (RDX) with or without trinitrotoluene, or octogen (HMX) with a desensitizing additive such as wax or methyl methacrylate have proven particularly useful as explosives for the precision explosive charge of a shaped charge projectile.
  • the method can, according to claim 12, be used for the production of thin-walled ammunition bodies for anti-aircraft defense and for missile projectiles.
  • the powdered explosive 1 is filled into an elastic mold 2, Fig. 1a.
  • the whole is then placed in an autoclave 4, FIG. 1b and isostatically pressed to the precision explosive charge 3 at a pressure of, for example, 300 MPa, cf. Fig. 1c.
  • the details of the isostatic pressing process can be found in CH-PS 673 704.
  • the compressed explosive charge 3 can be machined if necessary, so that an end shape with very narrow tolerances is obtained, FIG. 1d.
  • the precision explosive charge 3 is placed in a freezer 6 and cooled to -50 ° C to -100 ° C, preferably -90 ° C, cf. Fig. 1e.
  • the temperature should not be lower than -100 ° C. Any cracks in the explosive charge 3 reduce the final ballistic performance of the ammunition produced, which must be usable in a temperature range from -35 ° C to + 63 ° C.
  • the explosive charge 3 is loosely covered with a protective cover 5 and the seam of the protective cover 5 is sealed. Plastic films which have not proven to become brittle, particularly at low temperatures, have proven to be a protective cover 5.
  • the residence time in the freezer 6 should be at least 2 hours and is dependent on the charge size.
  • a continuous cooling machine can also be used as the freezer 6, the precision explosive charge 3 being slowly moved on a conveyor belt through the tunnel of the machine, i.e. for at least 2 hours.
  • the metallic shell 7 is heated in a furnace 8 to a temperature of + 50 ° C to + 80 ° C, preferably + 60 ° C, Fig. 1f.
  • the protective casing 5 is then removed from the explosive charge 3 and the cold precision explosive charge 3 and the warm projectile casing 7 are immediately labored without tension, i.e. assembled without using any additional components and without external pressure, cf. Fig. 1g.
  • the structure consisting of the explosive charge 3 and the casing 7 is brought to an intermediate temperature, thereby creating an air gap-free press fit between the explosive charge 3 and the metallic projectile casing 7, which remains easily maintained in the prescribed working temperature range from -35 ° C to + 63 ° C.
  • This intermediate temperature depends on the explosive and the shell material used and is usually between -35 ° C and -15 ° C.
  • This intermediate temperature is -31 ° C when the octogen, which has been desensitized with methyl methacrylate, is used as the explosive and the Perunal as the shell material.
  • the lining 9 cooled to -50 ° C. to -100 ° C., preferably -80 ° C., is inserted into the explosive charge 3, 1h and 1i. This last operation is carried out under slight pressure, so that an air gap-free fit is created between the explosive charge and the shell and the lining, which is retained at higher temperatures.
  • the method described above for the production of ammunition bodies is particularly suitable for the manufacture of projectiles for anti-aircraft defense and of missile projectiles, since particularly explosive explosive charges such as nitropenta, hexogen with or without tinitrotoluene or octogen are used in these.
  • the wall of the metallic shell 7 is between 1.0 and 2.0 mm, preferably about 1.5 mm.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 differ from one another by the additional elements present in FIG. 3, a transfer charge and a barrier, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • the shaped charge bullet 10 produced according to the invention has a housing or a metallic shell 11 in which an explosive device or a precision explosive charge 12 is located.
  • This precision explosive charge 12 is provided with an insert 13 on the inside.
  • the housing or the metallic shell 11 has at one end an internal thread 14 into which a threaded ring 15 is screwed.
  • the precision explosive charge 12, the insert 13, the threaded ring 15, the shaped charge bullet 10 produced according to the invention also has a transfer charge 16 and a barrier 17.
  • the precision explosive charge 12, the barrier 17 and the transfer charge 16 form a single body which is inserted as a whole into the shell 11.
  • the elements mentioned, in particular the precision explosive charge 12, the metallic shell 11 and the insert or lining 13 are assembled in such a way that no cracks occur in the explosive charge 12 and that on the one hand between the precision explosive charge 12 and the metallic shell 11 and on the other hand between the precision explosive charge 12 and the insert 13 no gaps or gaps arise.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Printers Or Recording Devices Using Electromagnetic And Radiation Means (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Formation Of Various Coating Films On Cathode Ray Tubes And Lamps (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé d'assemblage sans fentes d'une charge creuse, compte tenu des différents coefficients de dilatation thermique de la charge explosive de précision (12), de l'enveloppe métallique (11) et de la garniture (13), par introduction de la charge explosive de précision (12) et de la garniture (13), à l'état de sous-refroidissement, dans une enveloppe (11) chauffée ou soumise à la température normale, caractérisé en ce que
    - la charge explosive de précision (12) comprimée, d'une précision géométrique et dimensionnelle, est d'abord refroidie, l'enveloppe métallique (11) est chauffée, et la charge explosive de précision (12) est introduite sans efforts dans l'enveloppe métallique (11),
    - la charge explosive de précision (12) enveloppée est ensuite chauffée, la garniture (13) est refroidie, et la garniture (13) est emmanchée et fixée dans le sens axial, par force d'adhérence, dans la charge explosive de précision (12) enveloppée, et en ce que
    - les éléments (11, 12, 13), ainsi réunis, sont ensuite portés à une température ambiante quelconque.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la charge explosive de précision (12) comprimée, d'une précision géométrique et dimensionnelle, est refroidie à une température de - 50 à - 100° C, en ce que l'enveloppe métallique (11 est chauffée à une température de + 50 à + 80° C, et en ce que la charge explosive de précision enveloppée est ensuite portée à une température de - 35 à - 15° C, la garniture étant refroidie à une température de - 50 à - 100° C.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le coefficient de dilatation thermique de l'explosif (12) dépasse celui de la garniture (13) et de l'enveloppe (11), dans la totalité de la plage, ou dans la plage supérieure du moins, du domaine de température requis.
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le coefficient de dilatation thermique de l'explosif (12) est égal à celui du revêtement (13) et de l'enveloppe (11), dans la totalité de la plage, ou dans la plage supérieure du moins, du domaine de température requis.
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la charge explosive de précision (12) est introduite sans efforts dans l'enveloppe (11).
  6. Procédé pour la pose d'une charge explosive de précision dans une enveloppe métallique suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la charge explosive (12) est soumise à une compression et/ou à une compression isostatique.
  7. Procédé pour la pose d'une charge explosive de précision dans une enveloppe métallique, suivant l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la charge explosive de précision (12) est refroidie pendant 2 heures au moins.
  8. Procédé pour la pose d'une charge explosive de précision dans une enveloppe métallique suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la charge explosive (12, 3) est enveloppée d'une gaine de protection (5) pendant le refroidissement.
  9. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les formes et dimensions de la charge explosive de précision (12) sont obtenues par usinage, en partie du moins.
  10. Charge creuse fabriquée suivant le procédé de la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'enveloppe (7, 11) du corps de munition à paroi mince se compose d'une métal léger, tel qu'alliage d'aluminium ou de magnésium, ou d'une matière plastique renforcée aux fibres de verre ou au carbone.
  11. Charge creuse fabriquée suivant le procédé de la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la charge explosive de précision (3, 12) des corps de munition à paroi mince se compose de Nitropenta, d'Hexogène avec ou sans trinitrotoluène, ou d'Octogène avec un ajout phlegmatisant, tel que cire ou matière plastique ou méthacrylate de méthyle.
  12. Application du procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, pour la fabrication de corps de munition à paroi mince pour la défense aérienne et des roquettes.
EP91203234A 1991-01-11 1991-12-11 Procédé pour l'assemblage d'une charge creuse Expired - Lifetime EP0494469B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH62/91 1991-01-11
CH62/91A CH684126A5 (de) 1991-01-11 1991-01-11 Verfahren zum Zusammenbau eines Hohlladungsgeschosses, Anwendung des Verfahrens sowie danach hergestelltes Hohlladungsgeschoss.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0494469A1 EP0494469A1 (fr) 1992-07-15
EP0494469B1 true EP0494469B1 (fr) 1995-03-08

Family

ID=4178449

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91203234A Expired - Lifetime EP0494469B1 (fr) 1991-01-11 1991-12-11 Procédé pour l'assemblage d'une charge creuse

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5251530A (fr)
EP (1) EP0494469B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE119661T1 (fr)
CH (1) CH684126A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59104883D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0494469T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2071907T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3015352T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK157795A (fr)
IL (1) IL100322A (fr)
MY (1) MY107660A (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO172865C (no) * 1991-08-01 1993-09-15 Raufoss As Flereffekt-prosjektil og fremgangsmaate ved dets fremstilling
US5523048A (en) * 1994-07-29 1996-06-04 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Method for producing high density refractory metal warhead liners from single phase materials
WO1999001713A2 (fr) * 1997-12-01 1999-01-14 United States Of America Revetements de charge formes, leurs procedes de fabrication, et munitions et deminage associes
US6546837B1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2003-04-15 Perkinelmer, Inc. Dual load charge manufacturing method and press therefore
US20030183113A1 (en) * 2002-03-12 2003-10-02 Barlow Darren R. Shaped-charge liner with precursor liner
DE102007056785A1 (de) * 2007-11-23 2009-05-28 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Geschoss
DE102007056786A1 (de) * 2007-11-23 2009-05-28 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Geschoss
US8166882B2 (en) * 2009-06-23 2012-05-01 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Shaped charge liner with varying thickness
FR2980473B1 (fr) * 2011-09-22 2013-10-11 Pyroalliance Procede d'obtention d'une charge creuse detonante lineaire de decoupe, charge obtenue par ledit procede
US9546856B1 (en) * 2014-09-22 2017-01-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Press load process for warhead
EP3701215B1 (fr) * 2017-10-26 2024-04-17 Spectra Technologies LLC Procédé d'assemblage à froid d'artillerie explosive
US11209255B1 (en) 2019-09-10 2021-12-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Press load process for warheads

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3961554A (en) * 1974-04-08 1976-06-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Method for making incendiary lines for ordnance
DE2813179C3 (de) * 1978-03-25 1980-09-18 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Verfahren zum Herstellen von gepreßten Sprengladungen
DE3236706A1 (de) * 1982-10-04 1984-04-05 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Verfahren zur auskleidung eines eine hoehlung umfassenden koerpers aus sprengstoffgemischen mit einer einlage
DE3415389A1 (de) * 1984-04-25 1985-11-07 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Verfahren zum einbringen einer ladung in eine geschosshuelle
DE3434847C1 (de) * 1984-09-22 1985-11-14 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn Verfahren zur Montage einer Hohlladung
CH676502A5 (en) * 1988-08-03 1991-01-31 Eidgenoess Munitionsfab Thun Forming precisely formed explosive body in metal casing - by room temp. shrinkage of warmed metal onto explosive expanding from deeply chilled initial state
DE3843886C1 (en) * 1988-12-24 1990-05-31 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf, De Process for producing main charges and booster charges of hollow charges

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5251530A (en) 1993-10-12
ES2071907T3 (es) 1995-07-01
GR3015352T3 (en) 1995-06-30
HK157795A (en) 1995-10-13
IL100322A0 (en) 1992-09-06
EP0494469A1 (fr) 1992-07-15
IL100322A (en) 1995-08-31
MY107660A (en) 1996-05-30
ATE119661T1 (de) 1995-03-15
DE59104883D1 (de) 1995-04-13
CH684126A5 (de) 1994-07-15
DK0494469T3 (da) 1995-05-22

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