EP0487963B1 - Raquette de tennis - Google Patents

Raquette de tennis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0487963B1
EP0487963B1 EP91119160A EP91119160A EP0487963B1 EP 0487963 B1 EP0487963 B1 EP 0487963B1 EP 91119160 A EP91119160 A EP 91119160A EP 91119160 A EP91119160 A EP 91119160A EP 0487963 B1 EP0487963 B1 EP 0487963B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
cross
height
head portion
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91119160A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0487963A1 (fr
Inventor
Hugo Sol
Isabelle Koeckelberg
Jacques Meertens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CDS-IP, S.A.
Original Assignee
Donnay International SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4037568A external-priority patent/DE4037568A1/de
Priority claimed from DE4116901A external-priority patent/DE4116901A1/de
Application filed by Donnay International SA filed Critical Donnay International SA
Priority to EP95200991A priority Critical patent/EP0671186A1/fr
Priority to US07/878,685 priority patent/US5299801A/en
Publication of EP0487963A1 publication Critical patent/EP0487963A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0487963B1 publication Critical patent/EP0487963B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
    • A63B49/02—Frames
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
    • A63B49/02—Frames
    • A63B2049/0207—Frames with defined overall length
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
    • A63B49/02—Frames
    • A63B2049/0211—Frames with variable thickness of the head in a direction perpendicular to the string plane
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
    • A63B49/02—Frames
    • A63B2049/0212—Frames with defined weight
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
    • A63B49/02—Frames
    • A63B2049/0217—Frames with variable thickness of the head in the string plane
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
    • A63B60/002—Resonance frequency related characteristics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
    • A63B60/54—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like with means for damping vibrations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tennis racket according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a tennis racket is known from EP-A-0 317 711, the height of the frame decreasing from the connecting arms to the opposite upper end, and the width of the frame being substantially constant in the plane of the stringing.
  • the handle part consists exclusively of a profile around which a band is wrapped.
  • the frame resists the deformations that occur when hitting a ball in the plane of the striker in the best possible way and creates a significant improvement in the reversal of the ball, since less energy is used for the deformation of the head part and therefore more energy for the effectiveness of the Ball reversal, i.e. the return is available.
  • the vibration behavior of the frame of a tennis racket after hitting a tennis ball is mainly through determines the two lowest bending vibrations of a completely free club. These bending vibrations typically occur at two resonance frequencies, the first at approximately 130 Hz to 180 Hz and the second at approximately 350 Hz to 450 Hz.
  • the tennis racket According to the special design of the tennis racket according to the invention, it is possible to distribute the knot lines of these bending vibrations in such a way that the vibrations are minimized, the "sweet-spot" area, comparable to the geometric center of the head part or the strings, is enlarged and a substantial improvement in Effectiveness of reversing the ball is achieved.
  • the racket also contains a yoke part or reinforcing member 7 which integrally connects the connecting arms 6, 6 'and delimits the opening 4 towards the grip part 1.
  • a string 5 is stretched over the opening 4 and is generally in one plane, the individual stringing forming strings run in directions parallel and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of symmetry LL and are guided in a conventional manner through bushings or holes provided in the frame of the head part 2 and in the reinforcing member 7.
  • the frame 3 has a profile with the typical cross section shown in FIG.
  • This profile is preferably designed as a tubular, thin-walled, closed profile, the interior of which can be filled with a material that has practically no influence on the mechanical properties of the profile.
  • the axis XX is in the plane and the axis YY is perpendicular to the plane of the stringing.
  • the outer edges of the cross section can be circumscribed by an isosceles triangle, the base of which lies on the string side.
  • the profile includes an inwardly jumping concave portion or groove 8 on the XX axis and on the outside opposite the opening 4 to receive the strings between two passages leading to the opening 4 of the frame 3 (not shown).
  • the wall areas 9 of the profile, the groove 8 with the upper and lower are arranged on the YY axis and connect substantially flat tip areas, inclined at an angle ⁇ between 25 ° and 65 ° and preferably 45 ° to the plane of the stringing.
  • the inside 12 of the profile can be essentially straight at least in its central region and is preferably slightly curved towards the opening 4.
  • the head part 2 of the racket contains a main region 13, which begins at the ends of the connecting arms 6, 6 ′ and extends to the area of the maximum width of the head part 2, and an adjoining end region 14, which extends to the free end 15 of the head part 2 extends.
  • the height H of the frame 3 that is to say the distance between the upper and lower tips 10 and 11 of the cross section perpendicular to the plane of the stringing, or in other words along the YY axis in FIG. 4, is constant or at least essentially constant.
  • the height in the end region 14 of the frame is identical to the height H of the main region 13 of the frame 3, that is to say the height of the frame remains constant between the free end 15 and the connecting arms.
  • the height H of the frame 3 decreases in the end region 14, preferably continuously from the height H of the main region 13 to a minimum height Hm at the free end 15 of the frame 3 on the longitudinal axis LL, namely by values between 50% and 100% of the height H of the frame 3 in the main area 13.
  • An advantage of the second embodiment is that the outer circumference of the profile is constant along the entire frame 3. This greatly facilitates the manufacture of the frame 3.
  • the length of the main region 13 of the head part 2, measured parallel to the longitudinal axis LL, is preferably between 1/4 and 1/3 of the total length of the racket.
  • the characteristic cross sections create a high degree of rigidity against bending inside and outside the racket plane, and the special geometry of the cross sections for the head part allows a considerable reduction in the wall thickness of the cross section, which leads to the weight reduction mentioned above. It is important that these cross sections can also increase the torsional moment of inertia for a lower mass.
  • the height H1 of the core 16 of the handle part 1 is essentially constant over its main length and lies in the range between 40% and 70% of the height H of the frame 3 in the main area 13 of the head part 2.
  • the height H6 of the profile in the connecting arms 6, 6 ' varies, preferably also continuously, from the height H of the frame 3 in the main region 13 of the head part 2 to the height H1 of the core 16 of the handle part 1.
  • the cross section of the core 16 is preferably rectangular, the long sides running parallel to the stringing plane.
  • the height of the core 16 must be kept sufficiently small since the rigidity against bending out of the plane in the base zone 26 must be very small.
  • the height of the core 16 can increase continuously in the transition zone 27.
  • the grip part 1 also contains a covering layer 18 around the core 16.
  • the purpose of the covering layer 18 is to determine the maximum height and thickness of the grip part 1 for a suitable handle.
  • the material of the cladding layer 18 is such that the mechanical stiffness of the handle part 1 does not differ significantly from that caused by the core 16 alone are determined.
  • the covering layer typically consists of a foam which forms the base for the leather strap surrounding the handle of the racket.
  • the core of the handle part has been described as being formed from integral extensions of the connecting arms 6, 6 ', it can also be manufactured as a separate component and firmly connected to the ends of the connecting arms.
  • the profile can be produced from layers or layers of a composite material and reinforced in the area of the maximum stress and deformation, that is to say in the area of the outer groove 8, by two overlapping layers of the sheet or plate material his.
  • the single layer or layer can be 0.75 mm thin, which results in a wall thickness of 1.5 mm in the area of the outer groove.
  • the overlap length is typically about 15 mm.
  • this overlapped cross-section lead to an increase in the rigidity in the plane and the torsional stiffness, while the mass is markedly reduced compared to that of conventional cross-sections.
  • the most stressed zone has a greater thickness and thus a greater resistance for stringing and when hitting a ball.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show the reinforcing member 7 arranged between the two connecting arms 6, 6 '.
  • This reinforcing member 7 is also designed as a hollow closed profile with an inwardly projecting concave section or a groove 17 in its outside for accommodating the strings between successive passages. It preferably takes against bending in the plane acting stiffness of the reinforcing member or yoke part 7 towards its center slightly.
  • FIG. 7 shows cross sections corresponding to lines G and H in FIG. 6 with the example associated dimensions in millimeters.
  • the reinforcing member 7 has at both outer ends (section G) an almost circular section and a width W7 decreasing towards the center of the yoke part together with an increasing cross-sectional height H7, in such a way that the cross-sectional circumferential line remains constant (section H).
  • the hollow profile of the frame 3, the connecting arms 6, 6 ', the handle part 1 and the reinforcing member 7 is advantageously made of plastic-impregnated materials, so-called "prepregs", the mixture of which contains fibers in a resin base material, the fibers preferably carbon fibers, but can also be aramid or glass fibers or mixtures of different types of fibers.
  • the resin is preferably an epoxy resin.
  • the interior of the hollow profile can be filled with a material that supports the plastic-impregnated materials, such as a foam. However, this material has no influence on the mechanical properties of the profiles.
  • the wall of the profile can be 0.75 mm to 1.0 mm thin, which is expressed in a remarkable reduction in weight and mass.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show the development of the cross sections in the main area 13 and an example of the development of the cross section in the end area 14 of the racket. It should also be noted that according to a preferred one already described Embodiment of the cross section in the end region 14 has a constant height, but the width changes essentially in accordance with the cross sections B to F shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • FIG. 9 shows the cross sections A to F, which are defined by the corresponding cuts in FIG. 8.
  • the wall thickness of the profile is preferably 0.75 mm, and in the area between the cuts A and B the wall thickness is preferably 1.0 mm.
  • the values for the height and the width in the sections are examples of a preferred embodiment and are given in mm.
  • the forces opposing the stringing forces and the forces caused by the impact of a ball have an increased value towards the upper end of the head part of the racket.
  • the height of the cross sections in the end region 14 can be reduced in such a way that the circumference and thus the mass of the individual cross section regions can remain essentially constant.
  • the deformations of the racket head part 2 which occur under the stresses exerted on the striking by striking a ball, can be kept as low as possible, even if the ball strings outside the "sweet spot" , that is, the area of the stringing around the geometric center of the head part 2. Due to this reduced deformation, the energy available for the reversal or return of the ball is increased.
  • the greatest deformation occurs in the end region 14 of the head part 2.
  • the deformation in the end region 14 is substantially reduced, which increases the energy available for reversing the ball and also has the effect of expanding the "sweet-spot" region of the stringing.
  • the vibrations that occur in the racket upon hitting a ball are essentially determined by two vibration modes of a completely free racket. These bending vibration modes are related to two resonance frequencies, which are approximately between 130 Hz to 180 Hz for the first vibration mode M1 and between 350 Hz and 450 Hz for the second vibration mode M2, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the relative values of the weighting factors W1 and W2 mainly depend on the point at which the tennis ball hits the strings in the head part of the racket.
  • Each vibration mode has a certain number of vibration nodes at which the vibration amplitude is zero.
  • the oscillation mode M1 of the lower frequency contains two nodes 19 and 20 and the oscillation mode M2 of the higher Frequency has three nodes 21, 22 and 23, all these nodes being distributed over the length of the racket.
  • the location of the vibration nodes is important for considering the energy that is transferred to the player holding the racket when hitting a ball. If the ball hits the strings 5 at one of the vibration nodes, the corresponding vibration mode is practically not excited. In this case, the weighting factor referred to above is zero. On the other hand, when the ball hits the racket at a distance from the vibration nodes, the corresponding vibration mode is excited. The effect of the weighting factor increases as a function of the distance between the point of impact and the considered vibration node.
  • one of the vibration nodes of each vibration mode is as close as possible to the area of the "sweet spot" of the racket, thereby minimizing the excitation of the vibration modes. Furthermore, one of the vibration nodes of each vibration mode lies in the handle part, more precisely in the area of the handle part which is encompassed by the player's hand, thereby minimizing the vibration energy transmitted to the player's hand.
  • a first mass 25 can be attached to the free end 24 of the handle part of the racket, around the vibration nodes occurring in the handle part to the free end of the latter to move so that these knots are essentially in the middle of the player's hand.
  • Two masses 25 can be attached to the frame, essentially on the transverse axis of symmetry of the head part, in order to shift the vibration nodes occurring in the head part away from its upper end 15, so that these nodes lie essentially in the central region of the head part, and thus also in its "sweet spot” area.
  • a second consequence of these inert masses attached to the head part is the enlargement of the "sweet spot” area, as a result of which hitting a ball at a point spaced from the geometric center of the head part leads to less excitation of the vibration modes of the racket.
  • a third consequence of these masses is an increase in the torsional inertia of the head part and thus an increase in the "sweet-spot" area along the axis between these two masses in the plane of the strings.
  • Essential for the tennis racket according to the invention shown in Figure 10 is the design of the head part and connecting arms forming frame profile, which preferably consists of a composite material, in particular using carbon fiber material, which in the finished state in the form of a layer layer forming the outer wall of the profile a packing , especially from light hard foam, surrounds.
  • the frame has a slightly increasing cross-sectional height, which reaches its maximum in the region of the beginning of the head part, that is to say approximately at the level of the reinforcing member running between the connecting arms, and then remains constant.
  • This constant cross-sectional height is preferably approximately 28 mm.
  • the sectional view according to FIG. 11 shows that the reinforcing member extending between the connecting arms has a significantly lower height than the frame in the head region. This height in the middle of the reinforcing member is preferably about 12 mm and only increases in the immediate transition area to the connecting arms.
  • FIG. 13 shows a section corresponding to section lines IV-IV, which are located approximately symmetrically on both sides of the head part center identified by section line II-II.
  • the cross-sectional areas of the frame profile are identical to one another at these interfaces, and the profile frame preferably has a constant cross section in this region of the head part located between the two cutting lines.
  • the maximum cross-sectional width is preferably 18 mm.
  • FIG. 14 shows a cross section along the line V-V and FIG. 15 shows a cross section along the line VI-VI.
  • the cross-sectional width and in particular the outer circumference of the profile frame increases significantly at the respective interface.
  • the maximum cross-sectional width in FIG. 14 is 19.75 mm and in FIG. 15 21.5 mm, the cross-sectional area approximating the circular shape while the cross-sectional height remains the same and the cross-sectional circumference accordingly also increases accordingly.
  • FIGS. 10 to 12 corresponding to a scale of 1: 3
  • FIGS. 13 to 23 corresponding to a scale of 1.5: 1 and dimensions essential to the invention can thus be taken directly from these drawings.
  • Figure 16 corresponds to the section along the line VII-VII
  • Figure 17 shows a section along the section line VIII-VIII, which runs along the longitudinal axis of the racket and is thus placed through the location of the largest cross-section and in particular the largest circumference.
  • the outer circumference of the cross-sectional area has an atypically high value and is preferably approximately 90 mm, but is always ⁇ 85 mm in comparison to all known racket designs.
  • Figure 18 corresponds to a section along the line IX-IX through the reinforcing member and shows that this reinforcing member has an approximately circular cross-section. Specifically, the cross-sectional height is 12 mm and the maximum cross-sectional width is 10 mm.
  • Figure 19 shows a section along the line X-X, that is, a section through the transition region between the connecting arms, the reinforcing member and the head part, the maximum cross-sectional height of the head part of 28 mm having already been reached in this region.
  • Figures 20, 21 and 22 correspond to the section lines XI-XI, XII-XII and XIII-XIII and document the course of the cross-sectional height and cross-sectional width between the handle and the head part.
  • the cross sections are substantially oval, and the circumferential length is consistently less than the circumferential length of the cross sections of the head part.
  • the maximum width of the cross sections of the connecting arms decreases from approximately 16 mm to 12 mm starting from the head part in the direction of the handle part, and the maximum height of the cross sections likewise continuously decreases and is approximately 26 at the interface XI-XI mm, at the interface XII-XII about 24 mm and at the interface XIII-XIII about 22 mm.
  • Figure 23 shows a section through the handle.
  • the choice of the special cross-sectional profile of the frame profile also ensures a comparatively low weight while ensuring all the required playing properties, which is preferably in the range from 310 g to 325 g and preferably 316 g.
  • the static stiffness value of the racket according to the Ra test is 70 Hz and the first vibration frequency is 158.4 Hz. This applies to the covered frame, the center of gravity being 31.8 cm - measured from the end of the handle.
  • bending moments result in the covering part in the covering part, the size of which is different at the different places of the frame.
  • the size of the bending moments depends on the ratio of the covering forces occurring in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
  • the width of the frame cross section measured in the stringing plane is changed so that an at least substantially constant distribution of the stress results in all areas of the head part of the racket frame.
  • a maximum of the width of the cross-sectional area measured in the stringing plane is provided at the upper end of the head part. This increased local broadening of the cross section of the frame decreases continuously up to the area of the greatest width of the head part. The width of the cross-sectional area then remains constant.
  • FIG. 24 shows a preferred embodiment of a tennis racket, in which a local enlargement 30, 31 of the width of the cross-sectional area of the frame is provided in the area of the greatest width of the head part 2 and such an enlargement 32 of the cross-sectional width is also realized at the upper end 15 of the frame.

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Claims (16)

  1. Raquette de tennis comprenant un manche s'étendant essentiellement le long de l'axe longitudinal, une tête définie par un cadre comprenant une ouverture annulaire, un cordage disposé contre le cadre et tendu essentiellement dans un plan transversal s'étendant sur l'ouverture, deux bras de liaison s'étendant entre la tête et le manche et un élément de renforcement s'étendant entre les deux bras de liaison,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la tête (2) présente une zone principale (13), dans laquelle la hauteur (H) du cadre (3) perpendiculaire au plan du cordage (5) est au moins essentiellement constante et qui s'étend depuis les extrémités des bras de liaison (6, 6') jusque derrière la zone de la tête (2) de la raquette présentant, dans le plan du cordage (5), la largeur maximale perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal (LL), ainsi qu'une zone terminale (14) se raccordant à la première citée, dans lequel la largeur (W) du cadre (3) dans le plan du cordage (5) augmente en direction de l'extrémité supérieure (15) de la dernière citée et en ce que, le manche (1) comprend une partie centrale (16) et une couche d'enveloppe (18) qui recouvre la partie centrale (16) et qui fixe la hauteur et la largeur maximales du manche (1), dans laquelle les résistances mécaniques du manche (1) c'est-à-dire la résistance à la flexion dans le plan du cordage (5), la résistance à la flexion dans un plan perpendiculaire à ce dernier, ainsi que la résistance à la torsion, sont déterminées principalement par la partie centrale (1).
  2. Raquette de tennis selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la largeur (W) du cadre (3) augmente dans la zone terminale (14) à partir de la largeur (W) du cadre (3) dans la zone principale (13) jusqu'à une valeur entre 100 % et 200 % à l'extrémité (15) de la tête (2).
  3. Raquette de tennis selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la largeur W du cadre (3) dans la zone principale (13) représente entre 50 % et 75 % de la hauteur (H) du cadre (3).
  4. Raquette de tennis selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la hauteur du cadre (3) dans la zone terminale (14) correspond à la hauteur (H) du cadre (3) dans la zone principale (13) ou diminue jusqu'à une valeur représentant entre 50 % et 100 % de la hauteur (H) du cadre (3) dans la zone principale (13).
  5. Raquette de tennis selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la longueur totale de la raquette, mesurée depuis l'extrémité (15) de la tête (2) jusqu'à l'extrémité (24) du manche (1) s'élève entre 675 mm et 695 mm, en particulier à environ 682 mm, dans laquelle la longueur de la section principale du manche (1) se situe entre 1/4 et 1/3 de la longueur totale de la raquette et la hauteur minimale de la partie centrale (16) du manche (1) s'élève entre 11,5 mm et 21 mm.
  6. Raquette de tennis selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la hauteur (H) du cadre (3) dans la zone principale (13) s'élève entre 26 mm et 35 mm et de préférence à 29 mm, en ce que la largeur (W) du cadre (3) dans la zone principale (13) s'élève entre 15 mm et 21 mm et de préférence à 18 mm, la hauteur minimale (Hm) du cadre s'élève approximativement à 22 mm et la hauteur (H) du cadre (3) dans la zone terminale (14) s'élève entre 26 mm et 35 mm et de préférence, à 29 mm tandis que la largeur maximale (WM) du cadre (3) dans la zone terminale (14) se situe à environ 25 mm.
  7. Raquette de tennis selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'élément de renforcement (7) entre les deux bras de liaison (6, 6') présente, en direction de son milieu, une hauteur croissante et une largeur décroissante, et en ce que la longueur périphérique de la section transversale de l'élément de renforcement (7) est essentiellement constante, indépendamment de la position de la section transversale en direction longitudinale de l'élément de renforcement (7).
  8. Raquette de tennis selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le cadre (3) est constitué d'un profil fermé tubulaire, à paroi mince qui présente, sur son côté externe opposé à l'ouverture (4), une section concave (8) faisant saillie vers l'intérieur et deux zones de paroi (9) reliant la section concave (8) à des zones de sommet supérieure et inférieure (10, 11), qui sont inclinées par rapport au plan du cordage (5) en formant un angle α entre 25° et 65°, en particulier en formant un angle α de 45°, et en ce que le profil est renforcé dans la zone de la section concave externe (8) faisant saillie vers l'intérieur, dans laquelle de préférence le profil est constitué d'un matériau composite et le renforcement est formé par deux couches superposées de ce matériau composite.
  9. Raquette de tennis selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la périphérie transversale du cadre, partant la masse en direction longitudinale du cadre sont essentiellement constantes au moins dans la zone terminale (14) de la tête (2), et en ce que la périphérie transversale de sections successives des bras de liaison (6, 6') se rétrécit de la tête (2) au manche (1), la longueur de chevauchement du matériau composite formant ces bras (6, 6') augmentant de la tête (2) au manche (1).
  10. Raquette de tennis selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    une balle de tennis incidente génère une première fréquence de résonance approximative de 130 Hz à 180 Hz, et une seconde fréquence de résonance approximative de 350 Hz à 450 Hz,
    en ce que les deux fréquences génèrent dans la raquette des formes d'ondes perpendiculaires à la surface de la raquette, la forme d'ondes (M1) résultant de la première fréquence présentant deux lignes nodales (en 19 et 20) et la forme d'ondes (M2) résultant de la seconde fréquence présentant trois lignes nodales (en 21, 22 et 23) dont l'amplitude d'oscillation est égale à zéro, et
    en ce que les dimensions, les matières et les distributions de poids de la raquette sont sélectionnées de telle sorte qu'une ligne nodale (en 20) appartenant à la première fréquence se situe essentiellement au milieu de la tête (2) et l'autre ligne nodale (en 20), ainsi qu'une ligne nodale (en 23) appartenant à la seconde fréquence, se situent aussi près que possible de l'endroit saisi par la main du joueur de tennis, et les deux lignes nodales restantes (en 21 et 22) appartenant à la seconde fréquence sont disposées dans la zone de la transition des bras de liaison (6, 6') à la tête (2) et dans la zone de la transition de la zone principale (13) de la tête (2) à la zone terminale (14), dans laquelle de préférence les lignes nodales (en 20 et 23) sont situées dans le manche (1) sont éloignées d'approximativement 5 cm de l'extrémité libre (24) de ce dernier.
  11. Raquette de tennis selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'étendue des surfaces transversales du cadre profilé, dans la zone de la tête (2) au moins dans la moitié de la tête (2) éloignée du manche (1), augmente en direction de l'extrémité libre du cadre et est de préférence ≧ 85 mm, dans laquelle en particulier l'étendue de la section transversale du cadre profilé situé dans l'axe longitudinal de la raquette s'élève à environ 90 mm et présente une forme approximativement circulaire.
  12. Raquette de tennis selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le cadre profilé, dans la zone de la tête (2), possède une hauteur transversale constante mesurée perpendiculairement à la surface de la raquette, et en ce que la largeur transversale du cadre profilé, mesurée perpendiculairement à cette dernière, reste inchangée à partir de la zone de transition entre la tête (2) et les bras de liaison (6, 6') jusqu'approximativement le dernier tiers de la tête (2) et augmente ensuite en continu jusqu'à atteindre une valeur maximale qui n'est de préférence que quelque peu inférieure à la hauteur transversale du cadre profilé dans laquelle lorsque la hauteur transversale du cadre profilé représente environ 28 mm, la largeur transversale augmente d'environ 18 mm à 25 mm et la surface transversale passe d'une forme approximativement ovale à une configuration approximativement circulaire.
  13. Raquette de tennis selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'élément de renforcement (7) présente une section transversale essentiellement arrondie et la hauteur transversale de cet élément de renforcement représente environ un tiers de la hauteur transversale maximale du cadre dans la zone de la tête.
  14. Raquette de tennis selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les bras de liaison (6, 6') présentent une section transversale essentiellement ovale dont la hauteur et la largeur diminuent en continu en direction du manche (1).
  15. Raquette de tennis selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la surface transversale du cadre (3) dans le plan de la tension de la tête (2) présente des zones (30, 31, 32) à élargissement local à l'extrémité supérieure (15) et/ou mutuellement opposées dans la zone de la largeur maximale de la tête (2).
  16. Raquette de tennis selon la revendication 15,
    caractérisée en ce que
    une augmentation locale (32) de la largeur transversale prévue à l'extrémité supérieure (15) de la tête (2), soit diminue jusqu'à la zone de la largeur maximale de la tête et ensuite, reste essentiellement constante, soit diminue approximativement dans une zone de 45° et ensuite, augmente à nouveau dans une zone ultérieure de 45° jusqu'à atteindre la valeur maximale des élargissements transversaux locaux (30, 31) prévus dans la zone de la largeur maximale de la tête.
EP91119160A 1990-11-26 1991-11-11 Raquette de tennis Expired - Lifetime EP0487963B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95200991A EP0671186A1 (fr) 1990-11-26 1991-11-11 Raquette de tennis
US07/878,685 US5299801A (en) 1991-05-23 1992-05-05 Tennis racket

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4037568A DE4037568A1 (de) 1990-11-26 1990-11-26 Tennisschlaeger
DE4037568 1990-11-26
DE4116901A DE4116901A1 (de) 1991-05-23 1991-05-23 Tennisschlaeger
DE4116901 1991-05-23

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95200991.8 Division-Into 1995-04-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0487963A1 EP0487963A1 (fr) 1992-06-03
EP0487963B1 true EP0487963B1 (fr) 1995-11-08

Family

ID=25898770

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95200991A Withdrawn EP0671186A1 (fr) 1990-11-26 1991-11-11 Raquette de tennis
EP91119160A Expired - Lifetime EP0487963B1 (fr) 1990-11-26 1991-11-11 Raquette de tennis

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95200991A Withdrawn EP0671186A1 (fr) 1990-11-26 1991-11-11 Raquette de tennis

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0671186A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05168730A (fr)
AT (1) ATE129912T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59106859D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2079544T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6447412B1 (en) 2000-04-18 2002-09-10 Ef Composite Technologies, L.P. Sports racket with undulations in frame interior surface
JP4515671B2 (ja) * 2001-08-28 2010-08-04 Ｓｒｉスポーツ株式会社 ラケットフレーム
PT10466T (pt) * 2009-08-24 2010-02-24 Jose Manuel Silvestre Monteiro Raqueta de ténis de face dupla
DE102021004130B3 (de) 2021-08-11 2022-08-11 Head Technology Gmbh Ballspielschlägerrahmen mit verbesserter Torsion
DE202021002644U1 (de) 2021-08-11 2021-09-21 Head Technology Gmbh Ballspielschlägerrahmen mit verbesserter Torsion

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2282195A (en) * 1941-02-05 1942-05-05 Compte John M Le Racket
DE2738997A1 (de) * 1977-08-30 1979-03-15 Reinhold Sommer Tennisschlaeger
DE3379712D1 (en) * 1982-09-27 1989-06-01 Soong Tsai C Frame for sports racket
BE1000689A6 (fr) * 1987-07-14 1989-03-14 Donnay Donnay S A Ets Raquette de tennis, de squash ou sport analogue.
GB2208356B (en) * 1987-08-04 1991-08-07 Wilson Sporting Goods Tennis racket
DE8715560U1 (de) * 1987-11-24 1988-03-10 Tegro GmbH Groß- und Einzelhandel für Tennisartikel, 8702 Leinach Schläger insbesondere für Squash

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2079544T3 (es) 1996-01-16
JPH05168730A (ja) 1993-07-02
EP0487963A1 (fr) 1992-06-03
ATE129912T1 (de) 1995-11-15
DE59106859D1 (de) 1995-12-14
EP0671186A1 (fr) 1995-09-13

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