EP0474628A1 - VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES CuCr-KONTAKTWERKSTOFFES FÜR VAKUUMSCHÜTZE SOWIE ZUGEHÖRIGER KONTAKTWERKSTOFF. - Google Patents
VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES CuCr-KONTAKTWERKSTOFFES FÜR VAKUUMSCHÜTZE SOWIE ZUGEHÖRIGER KONTAKTWERKSTOFF.Info
- Publication number
- EP0474628A1 EP0474628A1 EP89906046A EP89906046A EP0474628A1 EP 0474628 A1 EP0474628 A1 EP 0474628A1 EP 89906046 A EP89906046 A EP 89906046A EP 89906046 A EP89906046 A EP 89906046A EP 0474628 A1 EP0474628 A1 EP 0474628A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- contact
- contact material
- chromium
- sintered
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/0203—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches
- H01H1/0206—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches containing as major components Cu and Cr
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49204—Contact or terminal manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49204—Contact or terminal manufacturing
- Y10T29/49206—Contact or terminal manufacturing by powder metallurgy
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a contact material for contact pieces of Vakuumster ⁇ 'h- 5 ren, which consists essentially of copper and chromium in a ratio of 50 to 70 wt .-% Cu and 30 to 50 wt .-% Cr, and on a contact material produced in this way.
- vacuum contactors and vacuum medium-voltage circuit breakers differ fundamentally. Electrical contact cycles with a nominal current of at least 20 million are required for the contactor. Since use cases such as reversing circuits must also be mastered here, no errors, in particular electrical re-ignitions, may occur when switching off, which can lead to immediate phase short-circuits.
- the circuit breaker on the other hand, is expected to have .5 lower switching numbers, such as 20,000 switching cycles at rated current. Reversing circuits are not common in circuit breakers.
- EP-B-0 172 411 specifies for the first time a vacuum contactor with contact pieces made of CuCr contact material and a method for producing the contact pieces.
- the contact material is created by remelting in the arc and has a very fine, homogeneous distribution of chromium in the copper matrix and an excellent bond between the two components. Because of these special features, the erosion resistance of such CuCr contact materials increases significantly, so that they meet the requirements in vacuum contactor operation; at the same time, the burn-up of the contact pieces becomes uniform, which eliminates the cause of reignitions after zero current.
- the object of the invention is therefore to specify a further method with which contact material based on CuCr can also be produced for use in vacuum contactors, and the contact material created therewith.
- the object is achieved according to the invention in that a powder mixture of the components is produced, that the powder mixture is pressed and sintered until a closed porosity is achieved, and that the sintered body is then cold-formed.
- a closed porosity is generally achieved in the CuCr material produced according to the invention from 92% space filling. Sintered bodies with a lower degree of space filling would allow gas or air exchange into the interior of the workpiece due to open porosities. Gas and air contents introduced in this way are predominantly included in the subsequent cold forming and have a negative effect on the switching properties of the contact piece.
- the invention creates a CuCr material which is suitable for vacuum protection and which, owing to its type of production, has the advantage of being particularly inexpensive.
- the condition for the suitability as a contact matrix namely the intimate and trouble-free connection of the components copper and chromium, is not obtained here by a welding process, but by cold welding the structural components.
- the copper and chromium components undergo strong deformation: the interfaces between the individual components are torn open and cold-welded.
- the resulting connection of the two components is so firm that, surprisingly, the requirements for the use of such a material for the contact pieces in the vacuum contactor are well met.
- the final compression achieved in the method according to the invention is in any case over 99% space filling.
- the material utilization in this process is very high.
- the volume of the sintered body can be adapted to that of the upsetting shape, and its dimensions are designed as close as possible to the final geometry of the contact pieces, so that only an economical overturning of the surfaces is required. This allows the method described to be used very inexpensively.
- a cold flow or rolling step can also be selected instead of an upsetting process, a minimum degree of deformation of> _ O% also having to be observed.
- Cu powder with particle size distributions ⁇ 63 ⁇ m and Cr powder with particle size distributions ⁇ 40 ⁇ m are mixed dry in a ratio of 60:40 and pressed with a pressure of, for example, 800 MPa to form cylinders whose diameter is approximately equal to their height.
- the compacts are sintered under high vacuum with a pressure p _ ⁇ 10 " bar at approximately 1050 ° C. for approximately three hours, after which a degree of space filling of approximately 94% results.
- the sintered body is then compressed in air into a mold whose shape Diameter is about five times its height After overturning the surfaces, individual contact pieces in the form of disks result from being separated.
- a variant of the above example consists in the special geometry of the contact shape, such as e.g. To produce roundings, bevels and / or depressions without later removal of the material being necessary.
- Cu powder with particle size distributions ⁇ 63 ⁇ m and Cr powder with particle size distributions ⁇ 63 ⁇ m are dry mixed in a ratio of 55:45 and cold pressed isostatically at a pressure of approx. 3000 bar to cylinders with a diameter of 80 mm.
- the Preßkörp ⁇ r be high purity hydrogen having a dew point less than -60 ⁇ C was heated to 1000 ° C and about 1030 "C for about six hours under high vacuum with a pressure p 10" sintered mbar, whereupon a Jardiner circallungs ⁇ degree of about 95%.
- the sintered bodies are then formed by full forward extrusion into rods with a diameter of 35 mm, the degree of deformation being about 65%. After overturning the lateral surfaces, the rod is cut to length in Disks of 5 mm in height receive a plurality of contact pieces.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1989/000344 WO1990015425A1 (de) | 1989-05-31 | 1989-05-31 | VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES CuCr-KONTAKTWERKSTOFFES FÜR VAKUUMSCHÜTZE SOWIE ZUGEHÖRIGER KONTAKTWERKSTOFF |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0474628A1 true EP0474628A1 (de) | 1992-03-18 |
| EP0474628B1 EP0474628B1 (de) | 1993-07-28 |
Family
ID=6835027
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89906046A Expired - Lifetime EP0474628B1 (de) | 1989-05-31 | 1989-05-31 | VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES CuCr-KONTAKTWERKSTOFFES FÜR VAKUUMSCHÜTZE SOWIE ZUGEHÖRIGER KONTAKTWERKSTOFF |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5241745A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0474628B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH04505986A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE58905069D1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1990015425A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2705998B2 (ja) * | 1990-08-02 | 1998-01-28 | 株式会社明電舎 | 電気接点材料の製造方法 |
| EP0538896A3 (en) * | 1991-10-25 | 1993-11-18 | Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Process for forming contact material |
| DE10010723B4 (de) * | 2000-03-04 | 2005-04-07 | Metalor Technologies International Sa | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kontaktwerkstoff-Halbzeuges für Kontaktstücke für Vakuumschaltgeräte sowie Kontaktwerkstoff-Halbzeuge und Kontaktstücke für Vakuumschaltgeräte |
| KR100400356B1 (ko) * | 2000-12-06 | 2003-10-04 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 진공개폐기용 구리-크롬계 접점 소재의 조직 제어 방법 |
| JP3825275B2 (ja) | 2001-04-13 | 2006-09-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 電気接点部材とその製法 |
| US20090145883A1 (en) * | 2005-04-16 | 2009-06-11 | Abb Technology Ag | Method for Producing Contact Makers for Vacuum Switching Chambers |
| CN101540237B (zh) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-03 | 西安交通大学 | 一种低氧铜铬触头的制备工艺 |
| EA201200001A1 (ru) * | 2009-08-17 | 2012-09-28 | Юрий Иосифович Смирнов | Способ изготовления композиционного материала на основе меди для электрических контактов |
| AT11814U1 (de) * | 2010-08-03 | 2011-05-15 | Plansee Powertech Ag | Verfahren zum pulvermetallurgischen herstellen eines cu-cr-werkstoffs |
| AT13963U1 (de) * | 2012-06-01 | 2015-01-15 | Plansee Powertech Ag | Kontaktkomponente und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| AT14143U1 (de) * | 2013-09-02 | 2015-05-15 | Plansee Se | Pulvermetallurgisches Bauteil |
| CN103606479B (zh) * | 2013-11-25 | 2016-02-03 | 桂林电器科学研究院有限公司 | 一种铜铬合金的挤压加工方法 |
| US10468205B2 (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2019-11-05 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Electrical contact alloy for vacuum contactors |
| CN113084166B (zh) * | 2021-03-30 | 2023-06-02 | 西安理工大学 | 一种制备钨铜梯度复合材料的方法 |
| CN116732413A (zh) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-09-12 | 攀时(上海)高性能材料有限公司 | CuCrTi材料及制造CuCrTi材料的方法 |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1194674A (en) * | 1966-05-27 | 1970-06-10 | English Electric Co Ltd | Vacuum Type Electric Circuit Interrupting Devices |
| DE2346179A1 (de) * | 1973-09-13 | 1975-06-26 | Siemens Ag | Verbundmetall als kontaktwerkstoff fuer vakuumschalter |
| GB1459475A (en) * | 1974-05-23 | 1976-12-22 | English Electric Co Ltd | Manufacture of contact ekements for vacuum interrupters |
| DE2436927C2 (de) * | 1974-07-31 | 1987-07-09 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum pulvermetallurgischen Herstellen von Formteilen für elektrische Kontaktstücke |
| US4008081A (en) * | 1975-06-24 | 1977-02-15 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Method of making vacuum interrupter contact materials |
| DE2822956C2 (de) * | 1977-05-27 | 1983-04-14 | Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokyo | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schaltkontakten für einen Vakuumschalter |
| US4190753A (en) * | 1978-04-13 | 1980-02-26 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | High-density high-conductivity electrical contact material for vacuum interrupters and method of manufacture |
| DE2939997C2 (de) * | 1979-10-03 | 1984-04-26 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbringung von Kontaktkörpern auf Kontaktträger |
| DE3406535A1 (de) * | 1984-02-23 | 1985-09-05 | Doduco KG Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter, 7530 Pforzheim | Pulvermetallurgisches verfahren zum herstellen von elektrischen kontaktstuecken aus einem kupfer-chrom-verbundwerkstoff fuer vakuumschalter |
| EP0172411B1 (de) * | 1984-07-30 | 1988-10-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vakuumschütz mit Kontaktstücken aus CuCr und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Kontaktstücke |
| GB8426009D0 (en) * | 1984-10-15 | 1984-11-21 | Vacuum Interrupters Ltd | Vacuum interrupter contacts |
| DE3604681A1 (de) * | 1986-02-14 | 1987-08-20 | Bayer Ag | Neue n-glycosylamidderivate, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung sowie ihre verwendung als arzneimittel |
| DE3604861A1 (de) * | 1986-02-15 | 1987-08-20 | Battelle Development Corp | Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen herstellung von feindispersen legierungen |
| US4687515A (en) * | 1986-04-10 | 1987-08-18 | General Electric Company | Vacuum interrupter contact |
| US4766274A (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1988-08-23 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Vacuum circuit interrupter contacts containing chromium dispersions |
| US4954170A (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1990-09-04 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Methods of making high performance compacts and products |
| US4909841A (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1990-03-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Method of making dimensionally reproducible compacts |
-
1989
- 1989-05-31 EP EP89906046A patent/EP0474628B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-31 US US07/777,411 patent/US5241745A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-05-31 DE DE8989906046T patent/DE58905069D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-05-31 WO PCT/DE1989/000344 patent/WO1990015425A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1989-05-31 JP JP1505390A patent/JPH04505986A/ja active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9015425A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04505986A (ja) | 1992-10-15 |
| US5241745A (en) | 1993-09-07 |
| WO1990015425A1 (de) | 1990-12-13 |
| EP0474628B1 (de) | 1993-07-28 |
| DE58905069D1 (de) | 1993-09-02 |
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