EP0422360A1 - Verwendung eines vollaustenitischen stickstoffhaltigen Stahls für Teile an Schienenfahrzeugen - Google Patents
Verwendung eines vollaustenitischen stickstoffhaltigen Stahls für Teile an Schienenfahrzeugen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0422360A1 EP0422360A1 EP90115739A EP90115739A EP0422360A1 EP 0422360 A1 EP0422360 A1 EP 0422360A1 EP 90115739 A EP90115739 A EP 90115739A EP 90115739 A EP90115739 A EP 90115739A EP 0422360 A1 EP0422360 A1 EP 0422360A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- wheels
- wheel
- mass
- wheel tires
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 11
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of a fully austenitic nitrogen-containing steel as a material for the production of parts on rail vehicles which are exposed to high loads during the movement of the vehicle.
- the tasks of a wheel set to carry and guide the vehicle on the track can drive and brake forces on the track to transfer and, if necessary, to use the wheel tread as a braking surface for brake pads, of the common wheel or tire materials (pearlitic or ferritic-pearlitic carbon steels with 0.4 to 0.7% by weight carbon, 0.2 to 0.6 %
- silicon 0.5 to 1.0% by weight manganese as a basic analysis, optionally up to 1% by weight chromium, up to 0.3% by weight molybdenum, up to 0.15% by weight vanadium, Yield strength values from 400 to 550 N / mm2, tensile strength values from 800 to 1100 N / mm2) can only be met to a limited extent.
- wheels made from these materials are subject to additional stresses which can lead to premature failure of the wheels, in addition to general wear, even more than in normal
- the block During block braking, the block generates changes in shape due to braking heat in the tire and especially in the full wheel, which leads to the tire loosening on the rim or to tension in the tire or full wheel. These tensions can cause the tire or wheel to burst. They can lead to permanent changes in shape and thus to changes in the track dimension.
- the shape changes also cause residual stress conditions, which have to be added to the basic stress due to the wheel load when the wheel is subjected to static and dynamic loads.
- cold deformation creates a compressive stress state and the braking heat creates a tensile stress state.
- the cyclical change between the two states means a quasi permanent vibration stress in heat and cold. It can lead to thermal cycling cracks on the tread of the wheels.
- the braking surfaces of separate brake disks attached to the wheel or on the axle of a wheel set also have above-average wear.
- the object of the invention is to provide a steel which, when used for solid wheels, wheel tires or wheelset brake disks of rail vehicles, does not tend to the undesirable formation of friction martensite.
- Remainder iron and usual smelting-related impurities which, after solution annealing at 1000 to 1150 o C and cooling to room temperature, have a minimum yield strength Rp o, 2 of 550 N / mm2 and a notched impact strength of at least 150 joules (Iso-V sample) as Use material for the production of solid wheels, wheel tires or wheelset brake discs of rail vehicles.
- Steels of the same or similar composition belong to the state of the art (AT-PS 266900, US-PS 3820980, US-PS 3912503), but nothing is known about the special composition within the known ranges with which the formation is subject to frictional wear of friction martensite avoided.
- the steel to be used according to the invention is fully austenitic and maintains this structural condition in all load conditions. Local transformations of the austenitic structure into a martensitic or martensitic / ferritic structure are also included excluded this steel.
- the low carbon content of the steel to be used according to the invention in connection with the intended high nitrogen contents is decisive for the non-occurrence of these conversion processes.
- the steel to be used according to the invention has the additional advantage that, despite the relatively low initial strength, it strongly solidifies when used on the surface. Nevertheless, the toughness, which ultimately also determines the lifespan of the components, remains the same. In contrast to conventional steels, the toughness values do not drop significantly when the steel is hardened.
- the steel to be used according to the invention can optionally contain up to 0.5% V, up to 0.5% Nb, up to 3% Mo, up to less than 3% Ni and up to 3% Si.
- Vanadium and niobium increase the fine grain and thus have a positive effect on the mechanical properties.
- Silicon in quantities of up to 3% inevitably gets into the steel in the usual melt metallurgical production and does not significantly impair the mechanical properties.
- Molybdenum in an amount up to 3% increases the strength, and nickel than usual Steel companions can also be present in amounts of less than 3% without adversely affecting the properties of the steel.
- the use of a fully austenitic steel is provided as the material for the production of wheel tires of various vehicle wheels, the wheel tires being hardened by a cold expansion after the hot forming.
- This cold expansion of the tire can increase its initial strength and prevent the tendency to flow sideways in the only hot-formed state.
- a variant of the use of the proposed steel according to the invention therefore consists in using the steel for producing wear layers to be applied to the treads of solid wheels and wheel tires or the braking surfaces of brake discs.
- Such a measure is particularly suitable for repairing damaged wheel tires.
- a defective wheel can be removed in the usual way by machining again to form a round tread, the steel to be used according to the invention being applied as a wear layer in a further working step.
- This can be done in a preferred manner by the process of known plasma spraying, in which a layer of a few millimeters in thickness is sprayed on.
- a powder of the basic composition mentioned in the claims can be used.
- the spraying process is also possible for the spraying process to be carried out with a mixture of an ionizing inert gas with nitrogen, which on the one hand prevents nitrogen losses during the spraying process and on the other hand even makes it possible to burn nitrogen, which brings about the desired composition of the wear alloy.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3934038 | 1989-10-12 | ||
| DE3934038 | 1989-10-12 | ||
| DE19904023462 DE4023462C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1989-10-12 | 1990-07-24 | |
| DE4023462 | 1990-07-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0422360A1 true EP0422360A1 (de) | 1991-04-17 |
Family
ID=25886030
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90115739A Withdrawn EP0422360A1 (de) | 1989-10-12 | 1990-08-17 | Verwendung eines vollaustenitischen stickstoffhaltigen Stahls für Teile an Schienenfahrzeugen |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0422360A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE4023462C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0640695B1 (de) * | 1992-07-07 | 1996-06-12 | BÖHLER Edelstahl GmbH | Korrosionsbeständige Legierung zur Verwendung als Werkstoff für in Berührungskontakt mit Lebewesen stehende Teile |
| WO1998055662A1 (fr) * | 1997-06-04 | 1998-12-10 | Societe Industrielle De Metallurgie Avancee - Sima | Acier inoxydable sans nickel pour applications biomedicales |
| WO2000073528A1 (de) * | 1999-05-26 | 2000-12-07 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Nickelarmer austenitischer stahl |
| US6682582B1 (en) | 1999-06-24 | 2004-01-27 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Nickel-poor austenitic steel |
| EP1626101A1 (en) * | 2004-08-13 | 2006-02-15 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | High-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel |
| EP2009132A1 (de) * | 2007-06-29 | 2008-12-31 | Sulzer Markets and Technology AG | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer funktionalen Schicht, Beschichtungsmaterial, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie funktionale Schicht |
| WO2014012748A1 (de) * | 2012-07-16 | 2014-01-23 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Wälzlagerelement, insbesondere wälzlagerring |
| WO2018073240A1 (de) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-04-26 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Fahrzeugrad und verwendung |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19513407C1 (de) * | 1995-04-08 | 1996-10-10 | Vsg En & Schmiedetechnik Gmbh | Verwendung einer austenitischen Stahllegierung für hautverträgliche Gegenstände |
| DE102019127268B4 (de) * | 2019-10-10 | 2024-05-02 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Gleitelement und Kufe für einen Schlitten oder Schlittschuh |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE917672C (de) * | 1939-01-03 | 1954-09-09 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Herstellen von rostbestaendigen und unmagnetischen Blechen, Streifen oder Baendern fuer Flugzeugbespannungen |
| US2745740A (en) * | 1954-09-02 | 1956-05-15 | Ford Motor Co | Process of preparing an iron base melt |
| FR2493344A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1980-11-05 | 1982-05-07 | Gen Electric | |
| EP0065631A1 (en) * | 1981-03-20 | 1982-12-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel and retaining ring for a generator made of it |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT266900B (de) * | 1963-05-24 | 1968-12-10 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Austenitische unmagnetisierbare Stähle zur Herstellung von bewegten, insbesondere schwingend beanspruchten Maschinenteilen |
| US3820980A (en) * | 1972-05-08 | 1974-06-28 | Allegheny Ludlum Ind Inc | Austenitic stainless steel |
| US3912503A (en) * | 1973-05-14 | 1975-10-14 | Armco Steel Corp | Galling resistant austenitic stainless steel |
| DE2457719C3 (de) * | 1974-12-06 | 1979-10-11 | Fried. Krupp Huettenwerke Ag, 4630 Bochum | Werkstoff für Schienenräder |
-
1990
- 1990-07-24 DE DE19904023462 patent/DE4023462C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-08-17 EP EP90115739A patent/EP0422360A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE917672C (de) * | 1939-01-03 | 1954-09-09 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Herstellen von rostbestaendigen und unmagnetischen Blechen, Streifen oder Baendern fuer Flugzeugbespannungen |
| US2745740A (en) * | 1954-09-02 | 1956-05-15 | Ford Motor Co | Process of preparing an iron base melt |
| FR2493344A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1980-11-05 | 1982-05-07 | Gen Electric | |
| EP0065631A1 (en) * | 1981-03-20 | 1982-12-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel and retaining ring for a generator made of it |
| EP0249117A2 (en) * | 1981-03-20 | 1987-12-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | A process for preparing a crevice corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0640695B1 (de) * | 1992-07-07 | 1996-06-12 | BÖHLER Edelstahl GmbH | Korrosionsbeständige Legierung zur Verwendung als Werkstoff für in Berührungskontakt mit Lebewesen stehende Teile |
| WO1998055662A1 (fr) * | 1997-06-04 | 1998-12-10 | Societe Industrielle De Metallurgie Avancee - Sima | Acier inoxydable sans nickel pour applications biomedicales |
| FR2764307A1 (fr) * | 1997-06-04 | 1998-12-11 | Metallurg Avancee Soc Ind De | Acier inoxydable sans nickel pour applications biomedicales |
| US6267921B1 (en) | 1997-06-04 | 2001-07-31 | Societe Industrielle De Metallurgie | Nickel-Free stainless steel for biomedical applications |
| WO2000073528A1 (de) * | 1999-05-26 | 2000-12-07 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Nickelarmer austenitischer stahl |
| US6682581B1 (en) | 1999-05-26 | 2004-01-27 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Nickel-poor austenitic steel |
| US6682582B1 (en) | 1999-06-24 | 2004-01-27 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Nickel-poor austenitic steel |
| EP1626101A1 (en) * | 2004-08-13 | 2006-02-15 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | High-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel |
| EP2009132A1 (de) * | 2007-06-29 | 2008-12-31 | Sulzer Markets and Technology AG | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer funktionalen Schicht, Beschichtungsmaterial, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie funktionale Schicht |
| WO2014012748A1 (de) * | 2012-07-16 | 2014-01-23 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Wälzlagerelement, insbesondere wälzlagerring |
| WO2018073240A1 (de) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-04-26 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Fahrzeugrad und verwendung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4023462C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1991-07-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19910305 |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19921223 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19930507 |