EP0422173B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von einbasigen treibladungspulvern mit alkohol und ether als lösungsmittel - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von einbasigen treibladungspulvern mit alkohol und ether als lösungsmittel Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0422173B1
EP0422173B1 EP19900906166 EP90906166A EP0422173B1 EP 0422173 B1 EP0422173 B1 EP 0422173B1 EP 19900906166 EP19900906166 EP 19900906166 EP 90906166 A EP90906166 A EP 90906166A EP 0422173 B1 EP0422173 B1 EP 0422173B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ether
extruder
propellant
cooling
alcohol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19900906166
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0422173A1 (de
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr. Miehling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WNC Nitrochemie GmbH
Original Assignee
WNC Nitrochemie GmbH
Nitrochemie Aschau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WNC Nitrochemie GmbH, Nitrochemie Aschau GmbH filed Critical WNC Nitrochemie GmbH
Priority to AT90906166T priority Critical patent/ATE99659T1/de
Publication of EP0422173A1 publication Critical patent/EP0422173A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0422173B1 publication Critical patent/EP0422173B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/34—Heating or cooling presses or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/224—Extrusion chambers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/0075—Shaping the mixture by extrusion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing single-base propellant powder with alcohol and ether as a solvent using an extruder device in which the propellant powder material is kneaded and mixed, and to a device for producing single-base propellant powder of the type mentioned, which at least one has a screw mounted in a housing and an extruder head which is arranged at the discharge end of the housing and has at least one die and has a cooling device for cooling the propellant powder material located at the discharge end.
  • DE-A-32 42 301 discloses a device in which the propellant powder material is mixed and kneaded using a twin-screw extruder.
  • the device has a cooling device in order to dissipate the heat generated during extrusion and to set a certain temperature profile in the powder material over the length of the extruder device. The temperature at the discharge end should be the highest for single-base powder.
  • An extruder device with a cooling device for producing propellant powder is also known from DE-A-34 07 238.
  • the invention is accordingly based on the object of specifying a method and a device of the type mentioned at the outset which, with a simple structure and reliable operability, permit the production of high-quality single-base propellant charge powders with alcohol and ether as solvent using an extruder device.
  • the inventive method for solving this problem is characterized in that the powder material is cooled behind the kneading and mixing area and before it leaves the extruder device in such a way that its temperature after the outlet is not substantially above the boiling point of the ether.
  • the method according to the invention is distinguished by a number of considerable advantages. By cooling the propellant powder material before it leaves the extruder device, the occurrence of ether bubbles can be safely avoided.
  • the mass in the extruder is thus usually heated to a temperature which is higher than the boiling point of ether (35 ° C.).
  • the temperature of the propellant powder material after it has passed through the die must not be significantly above the boiling point of the ether. According to the invention, only the area where the occurrence of ether bubbles is particularly critical, namely the exit area or the discharge end of the extruder device, is cooled, so that in this area the temperature of the powder material is reduced to or below the boiling point of the ether.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that ether-gelatinized, single-base propellant powder masses in the extruder differ significantly from other plastics, such as such as thermoplastics or polybasic propellant powder masses.
  • thermoplastics or polybasic propellant powder the viscosity is strongly temperature-dependent, ie the flow behavior in the extruder changes with a change in temperature.
  • the temperature of the jacket elements must be adapted to the temperature of the plastic melt in the discharge area of the extruder in order to ensure a constant temperature distribution over the entire cross section so that inhomogeneities are avoided and that there is a uniform flow behavior.
  • the cooling takes place at a temperature of 35 to 40 ° C.
  • This temperature corresponds to the boiling temperature of the ether, a slight exceeding of the boiling temperature being irrelevant, since no or only insignificant amounts of ether bubbles occur.
  • the screw region of the extruder device is operated as completely as possible. This measure can be important in order to ensure a sufficient pressure of the propellant powder mass in the extruder device and to ensure that no ether bubbles occur in the non-cooled areas of the extruder device. If the extruder is also cooled in the mixing and kneading area, the complete filling supports good heat transfer from the powder mass to the extruder.
  • the alcohol content such that it is in a range between 25 and 30%.
  • the alcohol content it is also possible according to the invention to lower the alcohol content below 25%.
  • the ether content is adjusted so that the pressure at the discharge area of the extruder is 30 to 35 bar.
  • a suitable device for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized in that a channel is provided between the end region of the screw and the die, in which a cooling mandrel is arranged.
  • the cooling mandrel can be charged with water or other suitable fluids, for example.
  • the cooling mandrel is preferably mounted centrally in the channel.
  • the discharge end of the housing is provided with a first cooling jacket surrounding the end region of the screw and the channel is provided with a second cooling jacket, so that the last screw region seen in the direction of passage is also cooled.
  • the propellant powder material can be undisturbed by flow the channel so that stable, predictable temperature gradients are adjustable.
  • the cooling mandrel provides particularly intensive cooling of the powder material in front of the die.
  • the propellant powder material is cooled both from the inside and from the outside (viewed in the radial direction), so that the propellant powder material has a uniform temperature in the radial direction when it enters the die. The formation of individual overheated areas is thus reliably avoided.
  • the device according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 comprises a housing 2, in which a twin screw 1 is rotatably mounted.
  • the extruder comprises a filling opening, which is preferably provided with a metering device, by means of which the starting materials of the propellant charge powder are added can be.
  • a metering device for adding the solvent is provided.
  • the schematic structure of the extruder is described, for example, in DE-A-30 42 697, to which reference is made here to avoid repetition.
  • the discharge end of the housing 2 is surrounded by a first cooling jacket 5, which is only partially shown in FIG. 1.
  • the cooling jacket concentrically surrounds the housing 2 and is provided with connections 9a and 9b, through which a cooling medium, for example water, can be supplied or removed.
  • an intermediate plate 13 which serves on the one hand to support the twin screw and on the other hand to close off the housing 2 or the first cooling jacket 5.
  • a transition element 14 is provided, which serves to transfer the essentially eight-shaped flow cross section of the housing 2 in the region of the double screw 1 to a circular or slot-shaped cross section.
  • the transition element 14 can also be provided with connections 10a, 10b, through which a cooling jacket (not shown) can be acted upon with cooling liquid.
  • a bearing plate 15 is provided which, together with a subsequent bearing plate 16, supports a cylinder 17 which forms a channel 7 for the passage of the propellant powder material.
  • the channel 7 is surrounded by a second cooling jacket 6, which is provided with connections 11a and 11b, through which cooling medium can be supplied or removed.
  • a die 3 or die plate is provided, which is also provided with connections 12a, 12b in order to pass cooling medium through a cooling jacket (not shown in FIG. 1).
  • the die 3 can be formed in the usual way and one Die holder plate, a sieve device and the like, as described for example in DE-A-30 42 662, to which reference is made here to avoid repetition.
  • a cooling mandrel 8 is arranged centrally.
  • the channel 7 can have a circular cross section, in which case the cooling mandrel 8 is also provided with a circular cross section.
  • the cooling mandrel 8 extends essentially over the entire length of the channel 7 and is provided in its interior with a cavity 19 into which a tube 18 opens, through which cooling liquid can be guided into the cooling mandrel 8. To simplify the illustration, the connections for discharging the cooling medium from the cooling mandrel 8 in FIG. 1 have been omitted.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 each show exemplary embodiments of the cooling mandrel 8 according to the invention.
  • a central tube 18 is provided, through which cooling medium can be introduced into the cavity 19.
  • the cooling liquid is discharged via channels 21 which extend in the radial direction in the die 3 or die holding plate and are arranged such that it enables the cooling medium to be passed between the die passage openings 20.
  • the tube 18 has no inlet opening, rather it is arranged in the cavity 19 as a flow guiding element.
  • the cooling medium is supplied and discharged via the channels 21.
  • FIG. 4 shows the configuration of a screw according to the invention in a schematic manner. This includes several right-handed screw elements as well as right and left kneading blocks and feed elements. As shown in Fig. 4, As seen in the direction of travel, five feed elements are initially provided, which are followed by four clockwise screw elements. This is followed by a right kneading block, which is followed by a clockwise screw element. In the following, a left kneading block and a clockwise screw element are alternately provided, the outlet end of the screw is formed by five clockwise screw elements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
  • Seasonings (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
EP19900906166 1989-04-25 1990-04-17 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von einbasigen treibladungspulvern mit alkohol und ether als lösungsmittel Expired - Lifetime EP0422173B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90906166T ATE99659T1 (de) 1989-04-25 1990-04-17 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von einbasigen treibladungspulvern mit alkohol und ether als loesungsmittel.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3913603 1989-04-25
DE3913603A DE3913603C1 (it) 1989-04-25 1989-04-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0422173A1 EP0422173A1 (de) 1991-04-17
EP0422173B1 true EP0422173B1 (de) 1994-01-05

Family

ID=6379418

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900906166 Expired - Lifetime EP0422173B1 (de) 1989-04-25 1990-04-17 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von einbasigen treibladungspulvern mit alkohol und ether als lösungsmittel

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US5186871A (it)
EP (1) EP0422173B1 (it)
JP (1) JPH0688862B2 (it)
KR (1) KR940004633B1 (it)
CN (1) CN1045948C (it)
AR (1) AR242764A1 (it)
AU (1) AU628165B2 (it)
BR (1) BR9006725A (it)
CA (1) CA2028805C (it)
DE (1) DE3913603C1 (it)
EG (1) EG20749A (it)
ES (1) ES2049975T3 (it)
FI (1) FI98302C (it)
GR (1) GR1002291B (it)
IL (1) IL94192A (it)
NO (1) NO174580C (it)
PT (1) PT93866B (it)
WO (1) WO1990012772A2 (it)
ZA (1) ZA903075B (it)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK1031547T3 (da) * 1999-02-23 2005-10-10 Gen Dynamics Ordnance & Tactic Perforeret drivmiddel og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af dette
RU2489415C1 (ru) * 2011-12-05 2013-08-10 Федеральное казенное предприятие "Государственный научно-исследовательский институт химических продуктов" (ФКП "ГосНИИХП") Способ получения сферического пороха
CN107353170B (zh) * 2017-08-23 2018-10-12 西安近代化学研究所 一种发射药压伸工艺参数的动态计算方法
FR3135477B1 (fr) 2022-05-12 2024-05-17 Ag Bois Plaque plane destinée à constituer une agrafe, agrafe de fixation d’une jambe de force sur un poteau constituée par pliage d’une telle plaque et procédé d’assemblage d’un poteau et d’une jambe de force au moyen d’une telle agrafe

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1509362A (en) * 1922-04-25 1924-09-23 Du Pont High explosive
US1838345A (en) * 1928-04-13 1931-12-29 Du Pont Propellent powder
US1890960A (en) * 1930-03-28 1932-12-13 Weingand Richard Process of manufacturing smokeless powder
US4298552A (en) * 1968-04-29 1981-11-03 Hercules Incorporated Solventless extrusion of double base propellant prepared by a slurry process
US3599285A (en) * 1968-10-10 1971-08-17 Myron & Mallay Pelletizing die plate
US3855373A (en) * 1972-09-19 1974-12-17 Us Army New process for making nitrocellulose base propellants
FR2244733A1 (en) * 1973-09-21 1975-04-18 Bofors Ab Extruding ag. suspension of explosive powder - to safety give complex extruded sections of improved ballistic props
JPS5214656A (en) * 1975-07-25 1977-02-03 Japan Steel Works Ltd Submarged pelletizer of extruder
FR2325491A1 (fr) * 1975-09-25 1977-04-22 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Procede de boudinage des compositions pyrotechniques, et boudineuse a vis
US4102953A (en) * 1976-05-25 1978-07-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Method for making extruded, solventless, composite-modified double base propellant
DE2825567B1 (de) * 1978-06-10 1979-11-15 Dynamit Nobel Ag Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Explosivstoffgemischen
FR2436766A1 (fr) * 1978-09-21 1980-04-18 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Chargements fragmentables de poudre propulsive enrobee de nitrate de polyvinyle et leur procede de fabrication
DE3042662C2 (de) * 1980-11-12 1982-12-30 WNC-Nitrochemie GmbH, 8261 Aschau Zweiwellige Schneckenpresse für die Explosivstoff-Herstellung
DE3044577C2 (de) * 1980-11-26 1982-11-11 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 8000 München Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Treibladungspulver
DE3242301A1 (de) * 1982-11-16 1984-05-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 8000 München Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung ein- oder mehrbasiger treibladungspulver
DE3407238A1 (de) * 1984-02-28 1985-11-21 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 8000 München Vorrichtung zum herstellen von treibladungspulver in strangform

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR1002291B (el) 1996-05-03
ES2049975T3 (es) 1994-05-01
NO905578D0 (no) 1990-12-21
AU5426190A (en) 1990-11-16
US5186871A (en) 1993-02-16
PT93866B (pt) 1996-10-31
EP0422173A1 (de) 1991-04-17
NO174580C (no) 1994-06-01
JPH0688862B2 (ja) 1994-11-09
GR900100273A (el) 1991-09-27
FI98302B (fi) 1997-02-14
FI98302C (fi) 1997-05-26
IL94192A (en) 1993-07-08
JPH03505198A (ja) 1991-11-14
BR9006725A (pt) 1991-08-06
FI906353A0 (fi) 1990-12-21
ZA903075B (en) 1991-01-30
IL94192A0 (en) 1991-01-31
WO1990012772A2 (de) 1990-11-01
AR242764A1 (es) 1993-05-31
CN1046888A (zh) 1990-11-14
CA2028805A1 (en) 1990-10-26
CA2028805C (en) 1999-08-24
DE3913603C1 (it) 1990-03-29
NO905578L (no) 1990-12-21
PT93866A (pt) 1992-02-28
WO1990012772A3 (de) 1990-12-13
CN1045948C (zh) 1999-10-27
AU628165B2 (en) 1992-09-10
EG20749A (en) 2000-01-31
NO174580B (no) 1994-02-21
KR940004633B1 (ko) 1994-05-27
KR920700175A (ko) 1992-02-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0118847B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Füllen von thermoplastichem Material mit Verstärkungsstoff
DE69906737T2 (de) Mischvorrichtung
EP2147136B1 (de) Verfahren und anlage zum herstellen einer spinnlösung für die herstellung einer polymerfaser
DD142681A5 (de) Extrudieren von blasfolien aus kunststoff,insbesondere steifem polyvinylchlorid
DE102017003681A1 (de) Kühlen beim Extrudieren von Schmelze
DE2108936B2 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Kunststoffhalbzeug mit Schaumstoffkern und ungeschäumtem Mantel
DE2906973A1 (de) Schneckenpresse fuer thermoplastischen schaumstoff
DE3242301C2 (it)
DE1144233B (de) Vorrichtung zum Kneten, Mischen und Homogenisieren zaehfluessiger Stoffe, insbesondere zum Aufbereiten und Pressen von Thermoplasten
DE102006051104B3 (de) Vorrichtung zum Extrudieren von Hohlsträngen
DE2836847A1 (de) Volumenarme mehrwellenschneckenmaschinenaustrittsvorrichtung mit siebwechselvorrichtung
DE3610159C2 (it)
DE3042662C2 (de) Zweiwellige Schneckenpresse für die Explosivstoff-Herstellung
EP0422173B1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von einbasigen treibladungspulvern mit alkohol und ether als lösungsmittel
DE2461543A1 (de) Verfahren zur entkristallisierung von zuckermaterial
DE2654774C3 (de) Schneckenmaschine zur Homogenisierung von aufgeschmolzenen Polymeren
DE2600715A1 (de) Misch- und entlueftungsextruder
AT307012B (de) Einrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von faserstoffhaltigen Preßmassen
DE69212748T2 (de) Apparat zum Rekuperieren heterogener Abfälle, insbesonderen heterogener Kunststoff-Abfälle
DE4225341A1 (de) Spinnkopf
EP1027836A2 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Zwischenprodukten und Mischfutterprodukten für Tiere
EP0052797B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Treibladungspulver
DE3533349A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur erwaermung plastischer massen
DE3729237C1 (en) Process for the continuous production of rubber compounds and other filler-containing, polymer-based compounds and device for carrying out the process
EP1661974A1 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen von Kerzen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19910206

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19930316

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRE;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.SCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19940105

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19940105

Ref country code: DK

Effective date: 19940105

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 99659

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19940115

Kind code of ref document: T

RAP4 Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred)

Owner name: WNC-NITROCHEMIE GMBH

ET Fr: translation filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19940417

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19940323

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19940430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2049975

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 90906166.5

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20030410

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20030416

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20030425

Year of fee payment: 14

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040417

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20040421

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20040426

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20040427

Year of fee payment: 15

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040430

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20041101

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20040417

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20041101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050418

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050418

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051230

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20051230

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20050418