EP0413693A1 - Stahlbetonausbau für verkehrstunnel. - Google Patents
Stahlbetonausbau für verkehrstunnel.Info
- Publication number
- EP0413693A1 EP0413693A1 EP89902764A EP89902764A EP0413693A1 EP 0413693 A1 EP0413693 A1 EP 0413693A1 EP 89902764 A EP89902764 A EP 89902764A EP 89902764 A EP89902764 A EP 89902764A EP 0413693 A1 EP0413693 A1 EP 0413693A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- structure according
- concrete structure
- concrete
- segments
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001061 forehead Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
- E04H9/10—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls
- E04H9/12—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls entirely underneath the level of the ground, e.g. air-raid galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/05—Lining with building materials using compressible insertions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
- E21D11/22—Clamps or other yieldable means for interconnecting adjacent arch members either rigidly, or allowing arch member parts to slide when subjected to excessive pressure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a steel-concrete lining for road and rail tunnels with an inner shell made of steel segments. Subway tunnels are also considered to be such tunnels.
- a tunnel is generally only expanded if the surrounding mountains are not stable.
- the most common type of construction provides that a shotcrete layer is first applied to the rock eruption.
- the shotcrete layer changes the flaking of the rock layers. This is also known as consolidation.
- the shotcrete layer forms a reserve for commonly used plastic seals.
- the plastic seals are applied after the shotcrete layer has been completed.
- the seals are made up of sheets.
- the lining with the seal is followed by the introduction of concrete reinforcements or reinforcing bars and / or mats.
- a formwork carriage is driven into the tunnel and the space between the waterproofing and the formwork carriage is filled with concrete. This is done in individual sections.
- the sections are usually up to 20 long.
- Panel construction is common in tunnels where there is pressing water.
- the panels are made of concrete and / or steel.
- Such constructions have not become established in areas with low water pressure or low water accumulation. This is due to the fact that concrete is still the cheaper building material compared to steel.
- the invention is based on the object of creating a new type of tunnel construction which takes account of the tensions occurring in the mountains and / or fractures.
- this is achieved by first seeding steel sheet segments with a gap of compliance in the tunnel excavation, then backfilling the steel sheet segments with concrete leaving a deformation cavity in the compliance area and stiffening the compliance area at least after the constructional section has been created and finally the steel sheet segments are sealed.
- the steel sheet segments advantageously form a protective roof behind which the crew and
- the canopy can follow the dismantling front at a short distance.
- the distance can advantageously be kept so small that the unsupported slope is reduced to a negligible amount.
- the steel sheet segment After pledging a steel sheet segment, the steel sheet segment will be backfilled with concrete as soon as possible. This brings about the positive and positive locking of the steel sheet segment with the rock eruption. With a suitable early load-bearing strength of the concrete, pre-attachment can be used Mountain pressure has already been absorbed.
- this support is flexible. This is achieved through the resilience elements between the steel sheet segments and the support (e.g. the tunnel sole). The resilience elements allow the rock to be deformed. Behind this is the philosophy of creating a completely or partially self-supporting arch formation through mountain deformation above the tunnel. This relieves the tunnel expansion.
- the compliance in the area of the compliance elements requires a deformation cavity behind the compliance elements. Accordingly, the concrete is backfilled leaving the cavities free.
- the compliance elements then allow controlled compliance over the selected duration of their use.
- the compliance function may be interrupted if the breakout occurs for the bench.
- Steel sheet segments according to the invention which are supported on the tunnel sole by means of resilience elements, can in turn be used for the expansion in the rung area.
- the above-described interruption of the compliance function has only a minor influence on the settlement behavior or lowering behavior.
- the resilience can also be maintained during the stroke eruption.
- the deformation cavities can be kept open until any desired settlement behavior or relaxation of the mountains has occurred.
- the compliance elements are then stiffened. This is preferably done by filling the deformation cavities with concrete. That can e.g. B. done by injecting concrete milk. , "_
- the steel-concrete lining according to the invention with internal steel segments advantageously eliminates the need for an additional sealing measure if the steel sheet segments according to the invention overlap. Then the overlap areas can be welded together. Tensioning with the interposition of joint tape is also possible.
- the steel segments can be backfilled with concrete in various ways.
- One possibility is to blow the building material into the cavity between the steel segments and the rock eruption after the steel segments have been set up while being wetted with water.
- formwork can be dispensed with if the building material has an appropriate early strength.
- Another possibility for shaping the concrete segments according to the invention is to use face formwork.
- the building material can be hydraulically pumped behind the face formwork.
- the end formwork prevents the building material from flowing out of the cavity between the steel segments and the rock eruption.
- the deformation cavity provided in the area of the compliance elements extends from these compliance elements to the rock eruption.
- the cavity can also end at a distance from the eruption. In this case, however, the cavity is always chosen to be large enough to essentially maintain the resilience effect described above.
- Expansion is carried out either by changing the number of different segments and / or by changing the number of resilience elements.
- the expansion is also suitable as a modular system.
- the steel sheet has particularly high resistance to bending. It is also advantageous to provide the steel sheet with building material anchors or reinforcing bars, which both establish a connection to the building material segment and optionally also reinforce the building material segment.
- the resilience elements can consist of plates, between which deformation profiles are provided.
- the design of the deformation profiles can be designed mathematically and constructively exactly to the desired flexibility.
- concrete has been used as a building material in tunnel construction.
- the invention is not limited to concrete.
- the term concrete is intended to include all building materials in question.
- FIG. 5 shows a detail of the expansion provided according to FIGS. 1-4.
- Fig. 1 the outbreak for a tunnel dome and 2 denotes the bottom of the outbreak.
- the mountains are labeled 1.1. 1 consists of a steel inner shell 3 and a molded or backfilled concrete segment 1.2.
- the steel inner shell 3 is made of a corrugated steel sheet of, for. B. 2 - 5 mm thick.
- the inner shell 3 forms a sheet metal segment. Further sheet metal segments are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
- shells with several sheet metal segments can also be used.
- the number of sheet segments in tunnels! Direction vary.
- the sheet metal segment 3 is provided with a number of evenly distributed building material anchors 3.2.
- the building material anchors 3.2 are welded.
- the structural anchors 3.2 have a bend.
- the building material anchors 3.2 serve to secure the connection between the segments 1.2 and 3 or to establish a connection.
- two supports 4 in the form of concrete strip foundations are produced in the area 2.
- the inner shell 3 is placed on the support 4.
- the inner shell 3 is supported on the supports via resilience elements 5.1 and 5.2.
- the inner shell 3 is introduced by means of a suitable removal platform or a front loader redesigned as a removal tool.
- the forehead area between the inner shell 3 and the mountains 1.1 is closed with a front formwork. Furthermore, the cavity 6 is kept open behind the resilience elements with the aid of a suitable formwork body. Suitable formwork bodies for the cavity 6 are, for. B. inflatable pillows.
- the cavity is filled with concrete, so that the concrete segment 1.2 is created.
- the sheet metal segments 9 have resilience elements, which are designated here by 12 and are supported on the tunnel sole.
- a deformation cavity 13 is created behind the resilience elements 12.
- the deformation cavity 13 is produced like the deformation cavity 6. Then the cavity behind the sheet metal segments 9 is crumbled with concrete. At the same time the
- Deformation cavity 6 closed, since the concrete encloses the compliance elements 5.1 and 5.2.
- FIG. 1 and 3 show two flexibility phases, the flexibility phase according to FIG. 1 corresponding to the working progress in tunneling in the exemplary embodiment to max. limited to three days. During this time, significant mountain tensions have been balanced.
- the flexibility phase according to FIG. 3 can be long as desired to ensure that an optimal rock formation has been achieved by yielding.
- the deformation cavity 13 is crumbled with concrete. This is preferably done by spraying concrete milk.
- the deformation cavity is closed with a corrugated metal strip 15 according to FIG. 4.
- the sheet metal strip 15 overlaps the segments 9 at 16.
- a sole plate 17 is provided in the sole area.
- all sheets 3, 9, 15 and 17 can be welded together.
- the resilience elements 5.1, 5.2 and 12 consist of M-shaped or W-shaped deformation profiles 18. The number of deformation profiles and their dimensions can vary. The flexibility of the flexibility elements can thus be set as desired.
- the deformation profiles 18 and the plate 11 consist of the same steel sheet as the segments 3 and 9.
- other formwork bodies can also be used.
- the bodies can form a lost formwork, i. H. the bodies remain in place.
- the bodies for the formation of cavities are also made in one piece with the resilience elements or are molded onto them.
- the molded body forming the cavity can, for. B. ent ⁇ by a sheet metal bulge.
- the compliance elements are provided with reinforcement bolts that improve the anchoring of the compliance elements in the concrete.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89902764T ATE83296T1 (de) | 1988-02-26 | 1989-02-21 | Stahlbetonausbau fuer verkehrstunnel. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3806126A DE3806126A1 (de) | 1988-02-26 | 1988-02-26 | Geschlossener ausbau fuer insbesondere untertaegige grubenstrecken |
DE3806126 | 1988-02-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0413693A1 true EP0413693A1 (de) | 1991-02-27 |
EP0413693B1 EP0413693B1 (de) | 1992-12-09 |
Family
ID=6348268
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89902764A Expired - Lifetime EP0413693B1 (de) | 1988-02-26 | 1989-02-21 | Stahlbetonausbau für verkehrstunnel |
EP89902644A Withdrawn EP0408577A1 (de) | 1988-02-26 | 1989-02-21 | Schutzraum |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89902644A Withdrawn EP0408577A1 (de) | 1988-02-26 | 1989-02-21 | Schutzraum |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4997317A (de) |
EP (2) | EP0413693B1 (de) |
JP (2) | JPH02503339A (de) |
KR (3) | KR900700719A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1017465B (de) |
BR (1) | BR8900857A (de) |
DE (2) | DE3806126A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2627802A1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB2216157B (de) |
PL (1) | PL159357B1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU1833474C (de) |
WO (2) | WO1989008179A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA891490B (de) |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2488459A1 (fr) * | 1980-08-07 | 1982-02-12 | Alsthom Atlantique | Dispositif a dents a queue d'aronde pour fixer les barres d'enroulement statoriques d'une machine electrique tournante |
DE3900431C3 (de) * | 1989-01-10 | 1997-01-02 | Linsingen Heintzmann Von | Streckenausbau, insbesondere für bergbauliche Untertagebetriebe |
DE3927446C1 (en) * | 1989-08-19 | 1991-03-14 | Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann Gmbh & Co Kg, 4630 Bochum, De | Yieldable tunnel wall support - has segmental frames with sprayed concrete and infill |
AT395342B (de) * | 1990-01-09 | 1992-11-25 | Mayreder Kraus & Co Ing | Tunnelausbau aus vorgefertigten bauteilen |
DE4003678A1 (de) * | 1990-02-07 | 1991-08-08 | Neuero Stahlbau Gmbh & Co | Nachgiebigkeitselement |
AT397543B (de) * | 1992-02-21 | 1994-04-25 | Mayreder Kraus & Co Ing | Tunnelausbau in tübbingbauweise |
AT397983B (de) * | 1992-05-29 | 1994-08-25 | Mayreder Kraus & Co Ing | Tunnelausbau in tübbingbauweise |
DE4338831C1 (de) * | 1993-11-13 | 1995-01-26 | Bochumer Eisen Heintzmann | Nachgiebige Stütze für den Einsatz in Untertageräumen |
ZA982634B (en) * | 1998-03-30 | 1998-12-30 | Council Scient Ind Res | An arch useful for withstanding effect of rockburst occuring in underground mines/tunnels |
US6129483A (en) | 1999-01-26 | 2000-10-10 | Rag American Coal Company | Prefabricated metal overcast having a crushable lower section |
US6524722B2 (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2003-02-25 | Contech Technologies, Inc. | Corrugated structural metal plate |
AU2002951470A0 (en) * | 2002-09-18 | 2002-10-03 | Derrek William Batty | A support device for a rib |
AU2003248009B2 (en) * | 2002-09-18 | 2009-04-30 | Derrek William Batty | A Support Device For a Rib |
DE502005006010D1 (de) * | 2005-09-08 | 2009-01-02 | Amberg Engineering Ag | Nachgiebigkeitselement für einen Untertageraum |
US20110250024A1 (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2011-10-13 | Fci Holdings Delaware Inc. | Mine Roof and Rib Support with Vertical Bolt |
CA2788349A1 (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-11 | Contech Engineered Solutions LLC | Mine shaft liner plate system and method |
EP2686507B1 (de) | 2011-03-15 | 2017-05-03 | Lock-Block Ltd. | Schalung zur verwendung bei der konstruktion gekrümmter strukturen und verfahren zur konstruktion gekrümmter strukturen |
CN102392660B (zh) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-07-10 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | 一种延长深部软岩支护服务年限的三维卸压支护方法 |
CN103195441B (zh) * | 2013-04-01 | 2016-08-31 | 平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司 | 一种煤矿巷道支护固结构及其施工工艺 |
DE102014103477A1 (de) | 2014-03-14 | 2015-09-17 | Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG | Ausbausystem für untertägige Tunnel oder Strecken, Ausbaueinheit sowie Bogensegment |
CN106573265B (zh) | 2014-07-31 | 2019-06-14 | 杰艺科股份公司 | 用于物体表面处理的操作站和设备 |
CN106284997B (zh) * | 2015-05-28 | 2019-06-14 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | 钢筋混凝土烟囱的大钢模整体提升施工方法 |
CH712527A1 (de) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-15 | Swiss Transp Research Institute Ag | Evakuierbarer Tunnel für Transportmittel. |
CN106401615A (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-15 | 河北工业大学 | 公路隧道初衬钢拱架与预应力锚杆一体化支护结构及施工工艺 |
RU175401U1 (ru) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-12-04 | Виктор Прокопьевич Тациенко | Крепь горной выработки |
DE102017008627A1 (de) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-03-14 | Sz Schacht- Und Streckenausbau Gmbh | Nachgiebigkeitselement |
CN107780951B (zh) * | 2017-11-01 | 2024-03-01 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | 高地应力软岩大变形初期支护体系 |
CN110030018A (zh) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-19 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | 一种软弱围岩隧道支护装置 |
CN110332009B (zh) * | 2019-07-15 | 2024-05-10 | 陕西开拓建筑科技有限公司 | 一种箍筋柔性模板 |
CN112049033B (zh) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-08-12 | 成龙建设集团有限公司 | 一种市政建筑公路门洞的加固方法 |
CN113482669B (zh) * | 2021-08-10 | 2024-01-16 | 吴月晨 | 一种城市地下空间工程开挖支护装置 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3126708A (en) * | 1964-03-31 | Karl-theodor jasper | ||
DE686511C (de) * | 1934-02-09 | 1940-01-11 | Bochumer Eisen Heintzmann | bei Fliegergefahr |
DE1143171B (de) * | 1955-08-16 | 1963-02-07 | Bochumer Eisen Heintzmann | Betonplattenverzug fuer den staehlernen Streckenausbau |
US3318099A (en) * | 1964-07-06 | 1967-05-09 | Robbins & Assoc James S | Adjustable tunnel sets |
CH451233A (de) * | 1966-06-24 | 1968-05-15 | Lombardi Giovanni Ing Dr | Nachgiebiger Tunnel- oder Stollenausbau |
DE2702672C3 (de) * | 1977-01-24 | 1979-08-16 | Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann Gmbh & Co, 4630 Bochum | Geschlossener Streckenausbau, insbesondere für untertägige Grubenstrecken |
US4505622A (en) * | 1977-05-17 | 1985-03-19 | Magyar Szenbanyaszati Troszt | Process and arrangement for the support of underground cavity systems by an efficient safety casing wall |
DE2805791C2 (de) * | 1978-02-11 | 1980-04-24 | Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann Gmbh & Co, 4630 Bochum | Nachgiebiger Grubenausbau, insbesondere für untertägige Grubenstrecken |
FR2426147A1 (fr) * | 1978-05-19 | 1979-12-14 | Davum | Dispositif de limitation des contraintes, notamment pour ouvrages tubulaires enterres |
CH642141A5 (fr) * | 1981-05-12 | 1984-03-30 | Berset Jean Marie | Passage souterrain et procede de construction de ce passage. |
DE3127812C2 (de) * | 1981-07-14 | 1986-07-03 | Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co KG, 4630 Bochum | Ausbauelement für den untertägigen Streckenausbau |
DE3210530C2 (de) * | 1982-03-23 | 1984-01-05 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Nachgiebiger Betonsegmentausbau |
DE3613140A1 (de) * | 1986-04-18 | 1987-10-22 | Wayss & Freytag Ag | Querverformbarer rohrring fuer vorpressbare tunnelroehren |
-
1988
- 1988-02-26 DE DE3806126A patent/DE3806126A1/de active Granted
-
1989
- 1989-02-21 JP JP1502554A patent/JPH02503339A/ja active Pending
- 1989-02-21 WO PCT/EP1989/000158 patent/WO1989008179A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-02-21 EP EP89902764A patent/EP0413693B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-21 KR KR1019890701976A patent/KR900700719A/ko active Search and Examination
- 1989-02-21 EP EP89902644A patent/EP0408577A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-02-21 DE DE8989902764T patent/DE58902974D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-21 KR KR1019890701975A patent/KR900700712A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-02-21 WO PCT/EP1989/000159 patent/WO1989008181A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1989-02-21 JP JP89502446A patent/JPH02503584A/ja active Pending
- 1989-02-24 FR FR8902413A patent/FR2627802A1/fr active Pending
- 1989-02-24 RU SU894613677A patent/RU1833474C/ru active
- 1989-02-24 BR BR898900857A patent/BR8900857A/pt unknown
- 1989-02-24 PL PL1989277924A patent/PL159357B1/pl unknown
- 1989-02-24 GB GB8904255A patent/GB2216157B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-24 US US07/315,884 patent/US4997317A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-25 CN CN89101857A patent/CN1017465B/zh not_active Expired
- 1989-02-27 KR KR1019890002329A patent/KR890013307A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-02-27 ZA ZA891490A patent/ZA891490B/xx unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8908181A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH02503584A (ja) | 1990-10-25 |
JPH02503339A (ja) | 1990-10-11 |
DE58902974D1 (de) | 1993-01-21 |
PL159357B1 (en) | 1992-12-31 |
EP0413693B1 (de) | 1992-12-09 |
KR900700719A (ko) | 1990-08-16 |
WO1989008179A1 (en) | 1989-09-08 |
WO1989008181A1 (en) | 1989-09-08 |
US4997317A (en) | 1991-03-05 |
RU1833474C (en) | 1993-08-07 |
GB2216157B (en) | 1992-01-02 |
PL277924A1 (en) | 1989-09-18 |
GB2216157A (en) | 1989-10-04 |
KR900700712A (ko) | 1990-08-16 |
GB8904255D0 (en) | 1989-04-12 |
ZA891490B (en) | 1989-11-29 |
DE3806126C2 (de) | 1990-08-16 |
CN1017465B (zh) | 1992-07-15 |
CN1038330A (zh) | 1989-12-27 |
BR8900857A (pt) | 1989-10-17 |
KR890013307A (ko) | 1989-09-22 |
DE3806126A1 (de) | 1989-09-07 |
FR2627802A1 (fr) | 1989-09-01 |
EP0408577A1 (de) | 1991-01-23 |
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