EP1267035A1 - Verfahren zum Erstellen von abgedichteten unterirdischen Tunnelbauten mit betonierter Innenschale - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Erstellen von abgedichteten unterirdischen Tunnelbauten mit betonierter Innenschale Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1267035A1 EP1267035A1 EP01113605A EP01113605A EP1267035A1 EP 1267035 A1 EP1267035 A1 EP 1267035A1 EP 01113605 A EP01113605 A EP 01113605A EP 01113605 A EP01113605 A EP 01113605A EP 1267035 A1 EP1267035 A1 EP 1267035A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vault
- cavity
- sealing layer
- wire mesh
- wire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011797 cavity material Substances 0.000 description 36
- 206010010774 Constipation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 gravel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/383—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating by applying waterproof flexible sheets; Means for fixing the sheets to the tunnel or cavity wall
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a Process for creating sealed underground Tunnels with a concrete inner shell, the application the procedure for creating a draining or pressurized water-holding tunnel construction, a vault for all-round protection against falling rock in an underground Cavity, the use of the vault as lost external formwork when concreting an inner tunnel shell, a pressurized water-holding or draining underground tunnel construction with a concrete inner shell as well as a wire mesh or wire mesh composite mat for the creation of such vaults or tunnels according to the preambles of the independent claims.
- Underground tunnels serve in the most cases for transportation purposes and prefer to come there used where certain transport capacities with above ground means not or only in uneconomical Way can be provided. This especially applies when it comes to with Road or rail vehicles geographical Obstacles such as mountains to cross. Since the Cost of building rail and road tunnels are significant and maintenance work often with one Loss of use is associated with very high requirements to the durability of such structures. a The central point is therefore next to the actual one Construction costs for tunneling the sealing of the Interior of the tunnel against that emerging from the mountain Water and if necessary the safe drainage of this Water.
- All-round security is based on the status of Technology by applying shotcrete to the rock or by setting up tubbing rings in the rock eruption created.
- the inner contour follows the all-round security the limits of the broken out Cavity, which strongly detracts from the explosion desired outer contour of the future concrete inner shell differ. Because this also has a very irregular contour have, it occurs when using geomembranes as a sealing layer inevitably in some places Folding the waterproofing membrane, causing the appearance of Leaks are favored. Also points out concrete inner shell of a tunnel construction with such Building up a widely varying wall thickness on what both little from a technical as well as an economic point of view is advantageous.
- the inner contour describes of the tubbing rings regardless of the contour of the Limits of the underground cavity the desired outer target contour of the future inner shell and thus avoids some of the problems mentioned above.
- Another disadvantage of the tubbing technique are the comparatively high cost of that Creation of such tunnel structures.
- a first aspect of the invention comprises the process of creating sealed underground Tunnels with a concrete inner shell Creating a cavity in an underground environment, such as. Rock, by blasting, by Drilling or some other breakout method, and that then create a vault with a lattice or net-like supporting structure in this broken out Space which is one or more viable which carries plan-like or plate-like fabrics span the grid or mesh spaces.
- the vault capable of surface loads attacking outside, such as pourable filling material layers made of gravel or grit, to wear and any passage of loose material to prevent the interior of the supporting vault.
- the vault will created in the underground cavity in such a way that it is in the spaced substantially from the boundaries of the cavity , that is, it may just be on in some places contact with these limitations has, and is designed such that it regardless of the contour of the boundaries of the underground Cavity with its inside a desired outer target contour of the future concrete inner shell of the Describes tunnels.
- Such a target contour results normally from the light profile of the one to be created Tunnel construction plus the wall thickness of the inner shell and any other material layers that are within the Inner shell can be arranged. Then there is a sealing layer arranged on the inside of the vault and then concreted the inner shell of the tunnel construction, the vault together with the sealing layer as lost formwork is used.
- the Concreting the inner shell can be done by pouring in formwork concrete technology by means of an additional internal formwork or also by spraying shotcrete.
- a tarpaulin-like or plate-like fabric is sustainable to look at when it is able to Overvoltage of the grid or network spaces between the Support structure, if necessary after previous attachment at the boundaries of the grid or network spaces, a loose gravel, grit or rubble fill of several centimeters thick.
- the process also makes the rational Laying or applying the seal and creating a concrete inner shell of uniform wall thickness allows. Since the vaulting during the creation of the Tunnel construction first as all-round protection and then as lost external formwork, it is with this Procedure also possible on constipation Concrete parts or concrete layers on the wet side of the Sealing layer, as they are common in the prior art, to forego and thus permanent functioning to guarantee even very thin drainage layers.
- sealing layer By applying the sealing layer on the inside of the finished vault arises as Another advantage is the possibility of an uninterrupted To create a sealing layer, which is particularly important for Creation of pressurized water tunnel structures by is of great importance. Another essential one The advantage of the method according to the invention is that that already approved materials are used can, so that time-consuming and costly approval procedures can be avoided.
- the gap is preferred between the boundaries of the underground cavity and the supporting vault with a pressure-resistant filling material backfilled, which is a loose fill or also a hardening mass is not. This will create a even pressure transmission from any, by subsequent settlement of mountain loads on the Secured outside of the tunnel and one Damage to the sealing layer due to sharp edges falling rocks prevented.
- a filler material is also advantageously used permanently good water permeability used, preferably a bulk of loose pressure-transmitting Material such as gravel, rock split or rubble, which in particular in the case of creating draining tunnel structures with appropriately relieved pressure layers represents an advantageous embodiment.
- the gap is filled prior to concreting the inner shell or even previously to apply the sealing layer on the Inside of the vault, which gives the advantage that a floating of the one serving as external formwork
- the vault is largely prevented when concreting and if necessary by such a floating a compaction of the backfill in the space between the boundaries of the cavity and the vault is achieved.
- the vault with additional, in essential selective attacking means for Reinforcement such as individual rock anchors, and / or line attacking means of reinforcement, such as e.g. Reinforcement arches, which are in the circumferential direction in the Vault and on which the vault extend rests, provided, its load capacity increases or can the grid or network structure used be dimensioned weaker.
- essential selective attacking means for Reinforcement such as individual rock anchors, and / or line attacking means of reinforcement, such as e.g. Reinforcement arches, which are in the circumferential direction in the Vault and on which the vault extend rests, provided, its load capacity increases or can the grid or network structure used be dimensioned weaker.
- tie rods as Means for reinforcement in the surrounding the cavity Material, usually rock, to be attached and with the supporting vault, in particular with its supporting structure, get connected.
- Long tie rod extending radially into the rock will also be the load-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock improved.
- the means are preferably used for Reinforcement prior to arranging the sealing layer attached to possible damage to the sealing layer to avoid.
- the gap is filled between the boundaries of the underground cavity and the vault, so it is when using additional Means of reinforcement preferred, following the filling by pressing the filling material Move the vault to the boundaries of the cavity with the aid of reinforcement. This can be done using the previously described Tie rod between the vault and the Cavity surrounding material in a particularly advantageous Do this by tightening them.
- a lattice or mesh-like supporting structure come preferably wire mesh and / or wire mesh, preferably made of steel wire, for use with Advantage a wire thickness in the range between 5 mm and 10 mm and a mesh size in the range between 10 cm and 20 cm, preferably between 10 cm and 15 cm.
- Such grids or nets are commercially available as reinforcing steel mats available.
- wire mesh can also be used or wire nets made of other materials, for example made of plastic.
- tarpaulin-like fabric come with advantageous fabric, fleece or foil materials or a fine-mesh network for use, preferably made of a tear-resistant plastic.
- a viable plate-like fabrics preferably come Insulation plates made of a plastic foam are used. In any case, it is advantageous if the fabric previously to create the vault by gluing, e.g. with hot glue, attached to the wire mesh or net becomes. Ideally, appropriate mesh mats are considered prefabricated semi-finished product provided.
- a sealing layer used, with advantage plastic sheeting a thermoplastic, which preferably a thickness less than 5 mm, more preferably less than 3 mm.
- a thermoplastic which preferably a thickness less than 5 mm, more preferably less than 3 mm.
- the fastening of the foil sheets to the vault is done advantageously by selective or surface gluing or welding, for example with the flat structure of the supporting vault or with additionally attached contact materials such as thermoplastic film strips, or by means of others positive and / or non-positive fastening methods, such as e.g. by Velcro fastening.
- Sealing layer is preferred if several in the circumferential direction and / or in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel construction adjacent film webs or film web sections welded or glued together watertight become.
- the sealing layer by spraying a hardening sealing material on the inside of the vault received, for which preferably liquid plastic is used.
- a hardening sealing material By curing is meant that the material solidifies after a while, it is however desirable if it is a little elastic remains.
- the preferred layer thicknesses are approximate comparable to those of the previously described film webs.
- the supporting arch or the fabric At least temporarily largely waterproof pre-seal forms. On later leakage of this pre-seal after Hardening the sealing layer, however, is of no importance. In this way it can be consistent and also fully closed sealing layers on simple Arrange in the vault.
- One is preferably in the circumferential direction and in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel construction to be created waterproof closed sealing layer in the interior of the Vault created, so that a pressurized water Sealing becomes possible.
- the sealing layer with additional feed means for the subsequent addition of liquid to pasty Material from the interior of the tunnel construction into the area the wet side of the sealing layer is designed as a compression fitting, which radially through the future inner shell of the Extend tunnels through. Should it be after a leaks occur for a certain time or another Consolidation of the outside area of the tunnel construction desirable appear, can be solidifying and / or sealing acting substances supplied by these feed means and the area between the sealing layer and the Limits of the cavity thereby pressed and / or be sealed.
- the fabric and / or the sealing layer an at least partially translucent material formed, which gives the advantage that a simple visual success control when introducing Filling material in the space between the vault and Cavity boundaries is made possible.
- the method according to the first aspect is used for Creation of a draining or pressurized water underground tunnel construction.
- a third aspect of the invention relates a draining or pressurized water tunnel construction, which according to the procedure according to the first aspect can be produced.
- a vault is also a supporting vault as described in the first aspect.
- a fifth aspect of the invention relates to Use of the vault according to the fourth aspect as External formwork lost when concreting an inner shell in the interior of the vault.
- the in one underground pressurized water vaults or draining tunnel construction with a concrete inner shell, preferably with a concrete inner shell with in essentially uniform wall thickness, on the outside the inner shell at least in the area of the sides and a plastic sealing layer on the ceiling.
- a wire mesh or a wire mesh On the Outside of this sealing layer is a wire mesh or a wire mesh, preferably with an inner contour, which is essentially the outer contour of the inner shell corresponds, exists and on the outside of the wire mesh is a tarpaulin or plate-like Flat structures made of plastic, which grid or network gaps spanned. Between this Fabric and the boundaries of the cavity there is a pressure-resistant filling material.
- the wire mesh or wire mesh mat for the Creation of vaults or tunnel structures according to a a wire mesh or wire mesh and one or more sheet-like fabrics, which is on at least one of the two sides of the wire mesh or wire mesh or between the wires arranged and connected to the same and spanning the grid or mesh spaces.
- a wire mesh or wire mesh and one or more sheet-like fabrics which is on at least one of the two sides of the wire mesh or wire mesh or between the wires arranged and connected to the same and spanning the grid or mesh spaces.
- prefabricated wire mesh mats provided, which by casting a Wire mesh with a plastic in a flat Mold or by sticking or welding one Wire mesh on a foil or on a fleece getting produced.
- an underground one Cavity created In a first step, an underground one Cavity created.
- the example shown shows one generated by blasting in rock 2 Cavity where the boundaries 3 due to the breakout method are very irregular. However, it is also provided the cavity by drilling or using to create other breakout methods, creating voids arise with much more regular limits 3.
- the cavity 1 can also in all other environments that the Formation of an at least temporarily self-supporting Allow cavity. Having such a cavity is generated and optionally the bottom 4 of the Cavity 1 to enable further work was prepared, a supporting arch 5 with a Support structure 9 made of wire mesh 9 with a wire thickness of approx.
- the supporting vault 5 is additionally with in the case shown radially outwardly extending tie rods 7, which attached in the rock 2 surrounding the cavity be reinforced. But it is also intended that Vault 5 without additional reinforcements use.
- a 3 mm thick sealing sheet 11 made of thermoplastic Plastic attached by this Welded together with the plastic fleece beforehand on the wire mesh 9 attached thermoplastic film strip 12 is connected.
- a wire mesh 9 is previously provided kind of Velcro material e.g. the softer loop side attach and then the sealing sheet 11 with the help of associated other types of Velcro, i.e. with the Hook material to attach to it.
- the sealing sheets 11 Be with each other the sealing sheets 11 also in the present case welded together, but it is also provided to glue them or in case of pressure water relieved Apply seals only overlapping.
- a filling 8 made of gravel 8 or rock split introduced by blowing It is however, it is also intended to fill this gap allow.
- Fig. 3 shows a section similar to in Fig. 2 through the wall of a tunnel building 1, the sealing layer 11 additionally with compression connector 13 for retrofitting Feeding of liquid or pasty material has been provided.
- a solidifying agent e.g. a cement suspension, or a sealant from inside the tunnel in the area between the sealing layer 11 and the Limits 3 of the cavity to press any To seal leaks and / or the load-bearing capacity to increase the tunnel in this section.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (32)
- Verfahren zum Erstellen von abgedichteten unterirdischen Tunnelbauten (1) mit betonierter Innenschale (6), umfassend die folgenden Schritte:a) Erzeugen eines unterirdischen Hohlraums;b) Erstellen eines Traggewölbes (5) im unterirdischen Hohlraum, welches eine gitter- oder netzartige Tragstruktur (9) und ein oder mehrere von der Tragstruktur (9) getragene und die Gitter- oder Netzzwischenräume überspannende, tragfähige planen- oder plattenartige Flächengebilde (10) aufweist, derart, dass das Traggewölbe (5) im wesentlichen von den Begrenzungen (3) des Hohlraums beabstandet angeordnet ist und unabhängig von der Kontur der Begrenzungen (3) des unterirdischen Hohlraums mit seiner Innenseite eine gewünschte äussere Sollkontur einer zukünftigen Innenschale (6) beschreibt;c) Anordnen einer Dichtschicht (11) auf der Innenseite des Traggewölbes (5);d) Betonieren der Innenschale (6) unter Verwendung des Traggewölbes (5) und der Dichtschicht (11) als Aussenschalung.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, des weiteren umfassend den Schritt Verfüllen des Zwischenraums zwischen den Begrenzungen (3) des unterirdischen Hohlraums und dem Traggewölbe (5) mit einem druckbeständigen Füllmaterial (8).
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfüllen des Zwischenraumes vorgängig zum Betonieren der Innenschale (6) oder vorgängig zum Anordnen der Dichtschicht (11) erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Verfüllen ein Füllmaterial (8) mit guter Wasserdurchlässigkeit verwendet wird, insbesondere eine Schüttung aus losem druckübertragendem Material, insbesondere aus Felssplit oder Kies (8).
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Traggewölbe (5) mit zusätzlichen, im wesentlichen punktuell und/oder linienförmig angreifenden Mitteln zur Verstärkung (7) versehen wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragstruktur (9) des Traggewölbes (5) mit Zugankern (7) mit dem den Hohlraum umgebenden Material verbunden wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Verstärkung (7) vorgängig zum Anordnen der Dichtschicht (11) angebracht werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 und nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Anschluss an das Verfüllen eine Verpressung des Füllmaterials (8) durch Bewegen des Traggewölbes (5) zu den Begrenzungen (3) des Hohlraums hin mit Hilfe der Mittel zur Verstärkung (7) vorgenommen wird, und insbesondere, dass diese Verpressung durch ein Anziehen von zwischen dem Traggewölbe (5) und dem den Hohlraum umgebenden Material angeordneten Zugankern (7) vorgenommen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragstruktur (9) aus einem oder mehreren Drahtgittern (9) oder Drahtnetzen, insbesondere aus Stahldraht, insbesondere mit einer Drahtstärke im Bereich zwischen 5 mm und 10 mm und einer Maschenweite im Bereich zwischen 10 cm und 20 cm, insbesondere im Bereich zwischen 10 cm und 15 cm, gebildet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Flächengebilde (10) ein Gewebe-, Vlies- oder Folienmaterial (10) oder ein feinmaschiges Netz verwendet wird, insbesondere aus einem reissfesten Kunststoff.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 und nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewebe-, Vlies oder Folienmaterial (10) oder das Netz bereits vorgängig zum Erstellen des Traggewölbes (5), insbesondere durch Kleben, an dem Drahtgitter (9) oder Drahtnetz befestigt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Dichtschicht (11) Folienbahnen (11), insbesondere Kunststoffdichtungsbahnen (11) aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff, verwendet werden, insbesondere mit einer Dicke kleiner 5 mm, insbesondere kleiner oder gleich 3 mm.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Folienbahnen (11) durch Schweissen, Kleben und/oder mittels Klettbefestigung am Traggewölbe (5) befestigt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Folienbahnen (11) an ihren in Erstreckungsrichtung und/oder in Längsrichtung des Tunnelbaus (1) orientierten und aneinander angrenzenden Begrenzungen wasserdicht miteinander verschweisst oder verklebt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dichtschicht (11) durch Aufspritzen eines aushärtenden Materials, insbesondere durch Aufspritzen von Flüssigkunststoff, gebildet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dichtschicht (11) in Umfangsrichtung und in Längsrichtung des zu erstellenden Tunnelbaus (1) wasserdicht geschlossen ist.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dichtschicht (11) mit zusätzlichen Zuführungsmitteln (13), insbesondere mit Verpressstutzen (13) zum nachträglichen Zuführen von flüssigem bis pastösem Material vom Innenraum des Tunnelbaus her in den Bereich zwischen Dichtschicht (11) und den Begrenzungen (3) des Hohlraums versehen ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zwischenraum zwischen dem Traggewölbe (5) und den Begrenzungen (3) des Hohlraums durch Zuführen eines flüssigen bis pastösen Materials, insbesondere durch Zuführen von einer verfestigend und/oder abdichtend wirkenden Substanz durch mindestens ein Zuführungsmittel (13) hindurch verpresst wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Flächengebilde (10) und/oder die Dichtschicht (11) aus einem mindestens teilweise durchscheinenden Werkstoff gebildet werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Traggewölbe (5) und den Begrenzungen (3) des Hohlraums keine zusätzlichen tragfähigen Sicherungsgewölbe, insbesondere keine Tübbingelemente und/oder sich in die Bereiche der Seitenwände erstreckende Beton- oder Spritzbetongewölbe angeordnet werden, und insbesondere, dass in diesem Bereich keine Untergrundvorbehandlung für das Aufbringen einer Abdichtung erfolgt.
- Anwendung des Verfahrens nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche zur Erstellung eines drainierenden oder druckwasserhaltenden Tunnelbaus (1).
- Drainierender oder druckwasserhaltender Tunnelbau, herstellbar mit dem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 20.
- Gewölbe zur Rundumsicherung gegen herabfallendes Gestein in einem unterirdischen Hohlraum, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieses eine gitter- oder netzartige Tragstruktur (9) und ein oder mehrere von der Tragstruktur (9) getragene und die Gitter- oder Netzzwischenräume überspannende tragfähige, planenartige Flächengebilde (10) aufweist.
- Gewölbe nach Anspruch 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewölbe zusätzliche, im wesentlichen punktuell und/oder linienförmig an der Tragstruktur (9) angreifende Mitteln zur Verstärkung (7) aufweist, insbesondere dass dieses Zuganker (7) aufweist, mit denen die Tragstruktur (9) mit dem den Hohlraum umgebenden Material verbunden ist.
- Gewölbe nach einem der Ansprüche 23 bis 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragstruktur (9) aus einem oder mehreren Drahtgittern (9) oder Drahtnetzen, insbesondere aus Stahldraht, insbesondere mit einer Drahtstärke im Bereich zwischen 5 mm und 10 mm und einer Maschenweite im Bereich zwischen 10 cm und 20 cm, insbesondere im Bereich zwischen 10 cm und 15 cm, ist.
- Gewölbe nach einem der Ansprüche 23 bis 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Flächengebilde (10) aus einem Gewebe-, Vlies oder Folienmaterial (10) oder aus einem feinmaschigen Netz, insbesondere aus einem reissfesten Kunststoff, ist.
- Gewölbe nach einem der Ansprüche 23 bis 26, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Flächengebilde (10) derartig mit der Tragstruktur (9) verbunden ist, dass ein Verschieben derselben gegenüber der Tragstruktur (9) bei Belastung von aussen her im wesentlichen verhindert wird und insbesondere, dass das Flächengebilde (10) mit der Tragstruktur (9) verklebt ist.
- Gewölbe nach einem der Ansprüche 23 bis 27, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der Innenseite des Gewölbes eine Dichtschicht (11), insbesondere aus einer Kunststoffdichtungsbahn (11), insbesondere mit einer Dicke kleiner 5 mm, insbesondere kleiner oder gleich 3 mm, angeordnet ist.
- Verwendung des Gewölbes nach einem der Ansprüche 23 bis 28 als verlorene Aussenschalung beim Betonieren einer Innenschale (6) im Innenraum des Gewölbes.
- Druckwasserhaltender oder drainierender, in einem unterirdischen Hohlraum angeordneter Tunnelbau mit einer betonierten Innenschale (6), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der Aussenseite der betonierten Innenschale (6) zumindest im Bereich der Seiten und der Decke eine Dichtschicht (11) aus Kunststoff vorhanden ist, auf der Aussenseite der Dichtschicht (11) ein Drahtgitter (9) oder Drahtnetz vorhanden ist, auf der Aussenseite des Drahtgitters (9) oder des Drahtnetzes ein planen- oder plattenartiges Flächengebilde (10) aus Kunststoff vorhanden ist, welches Gitter- oder Netzzwischenräume überspannt, und zwischen dem Flächengebilde (10) und den Begrenzungen (3) des Hohlraums ein druckbeständiges Füllmaterial (8) vorhanden ist.
- Tunnelbau nach Anspruch 30, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Füllmaterial (8) ein Material mit guter Wasserdurchlässigkeit ist, insbesondere eine Schüttung aus losem druckübertragendem Material, insbesondere aus Felssplit oder Kies (8).
- Drahtgitter- oder Drahtnetzverbundmatte für die Erstellung von Gewölben oder Tunnelbauten (1) gemäss einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Drahtgitter- oder Drahtnetzverbundmatte ein Drahtgitter (9) oder Drahtnetz und ein oder mehrere planenartige Flächengebilde aufweist, welche auf mindestens einer der beiden Seiten des Drahtgitters (9) oder Drahtnetzes oder zwischen den Drähten desselben angeordnet und mit diesem verbunden sind und dabei die Gitter- oder Netzzwischenräume überspannen.
Priority Applications (2)
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DE50110498T DE50110498D1 (de) | 2001-06-15 | 2001-06-15 | Verfahren zum Erstellen von abgedichteten unterirdischen Tunnelbauten mit betonierter Innenschale |
EP20010113605 EP1267035B1 (de) | 2001-06-15 | 2001-06-15 | Verfahren zum Erstellen von abgedichteten unterirdischen Tunnelbauten mit betonierter Innenschale |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP20010113605 EP1267035B1 (de) | 2001-06-15 | 2001-06-15 | Verfahren zum Erstellen von abgedichteten unterirdischen Tunnelbauten mit betonierter Innenschale |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1267035A1 true EP1267035A1 (de) | 2002-12-18 |
EP1267035B1 EP1267035B1 (de) | 2006-07-19 |
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EP20010113605 Expired - Lifetime EP1267035B1 (de) | 2001-06-15 | 2001-06-15 | Verfahren zum Erstellen von abgedichteten unterirdischen Tunnelbauten mit betonierter Innenschale |
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EP (1) | EP1267035B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50110498D1 (de) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1514998A1 (de) | 2003-09-15 | 2005-03-16 | Valplast AG | Drainierendes Tunnelbauwerk |
WO2008027048A1 (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-06 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn | Device for in situ barrier |
US7584581B2 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2009-09-08 | Brian Iske | Device for post-installation in-situ barrier creation and method of use thereof |
CH710038A1 (de) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-02-29 | Charly Pfammatter | Verfahren zum Erstellen einer Dichtungsfläche im Bereich der Decke und/oder der Seitenbereiche eines Raumes. |
CN106988781A (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-28 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | 煤矿井下巷道精准对穿排水孔施工方法 |
CN107575250A (zh) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-12 | 康泰卓越(北京)建筑科技有限公司 | 运营期盾构隧道管片接缝渗漏区封堵方法和根治维修方法 |
CN109578026A (zh) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-04-05 | 郑州工程技术学院 | 用于岩土锚杆支撑防护结构 |
CN110206561A (zh) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-06 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司神朔铁路分公司 | 隧道基底病害点处理方法 |
CN110219671A (zh) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-09-10 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | 一种穿越大型无充填溶洞隧道的卸载拱回填结构及构筑方法 |
US11073017B2 (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2021-07-27 | Gcp Applied Technologies Inc. | In-situ barrier device with internal injection conduit |
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DE102014016290A1 (de) * | 2014-11-05 | 2016-05-12 | Hendrik Schälicke | Dichtungsprüfung von Tunneln |
CN115559749B (zh) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-06-30 | 湖南大学 | 一种用于盾构隧道衬砌管片更新的管片结构及其施工方法 |
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Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1514998A1 (de) | 2003-09-15 | 2005-03-16 | Valplast AG | Drainierendes Tunnelbauwerk |
US7565779B2 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2009-07-28 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Device for in-situ barrier |
US7584581B2 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2009-09-08 | Brian Iske | Device for post-installation in-situ barrier creation and method of use thereof |
US7836650B2 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2010-11-23 | Brian Iske | Device for post-installation in-situ barrier creation |
US7900418B2 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2011-03-08 | Brian Iske | Method for post-installation in-situ barrier creation |
AU2006216540B2 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2011-03-31 | Gcp Applied Technologies Inc. | Device for post-installation in-situ barrier creation and method of use thereof |
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CN101449008B (zh) * | 2005-02-25 | 2014-06-11 | 格雷斯公司 | 用于安装后原位形成阻挡层的设备及其应用方法 |
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CN101641480B (zh) * | 2006-08-30 | 2011-09-14 | 格雷斯公司 | 用于原位阻挡层的设备 |
CH710038A1 (de) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-02-29 | Charly Pfammatter | Verfahren zum Erstellen einer Dichtungsfläche im Bereich der Decke und/oder der Seitenbereiche eines Raumes. |
CN106988781A (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-28 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | 煤矿井下巷道精准对穿排水孔施工方法 |
CN106988781B (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2019-10-01 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | 煤矿井下巷道精准对穿排水孔施工方法 |
US11073017B2 (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2021-07-27 | Gcp Applied Technologies Inc. | In-situ barrier device with internal injection conduit |
CN107575250A (zh) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-12 | 康泰卓越(北京)建筑科技有限公司 | 运营期盾构隧道管片接缝渗漏区封堵方法和根治维修方法 |
CN107575250B (zh) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-10-23 | 康泰卓越(北京)建筑科技有限公司 | 运营期盾构隧道管片接缝渗漏区封堵方法和根治维修方法 |
CN109578026A (zh) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-04-05 | 郑州工程技术学院 | 用于岩土锚杆支撑防护结构 |
CN109578026B (zh) * | 2018-11-02 | 2023-10-10 | 郑州工程技术学院 | 用于岩土锚杆支撑防护结构 |
CN110219671A (zh) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-09-10 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | 一种穿越大型无充填溶洞隧道的卸载拱回填结构及构筑方法 |
CN110206561A (zh) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-06 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司神朔铁路分公司 | 隧道基底病害点处理方法 |
Also Published As
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DE50110498D1 (de) | 2006-08-31 |
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