EP0408953B1 - Serrure à combinaisons comportant un disque à cames et des disques à gorges - Google Patents

Serrure à combinaisons comportant un disque à cames et des disques à gorges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0408953B1
EP0408953B1 EP90112483A EP90112483A EP0408953B1 EP 0408953 B1 EP0408953 B1 EP 0408953B1 EP 90112483 A EP90112483 A EP 90112483A EP 90112483 A EP90112483 A EP 90112483A EP 0408953 B1 EP0408953 B1 EP 0408953B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lock
electric motor
combination lock
combination
driving shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90112483A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0408953A3 (en
EP0408953A2 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Dipl.-Ing. Schittenhelm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Theodor Kromer & Cokg Spezialfabrik fur Sicherheitsschlosser GmbH
Original Assignee
Theodor Kromer & Cokg Spezialfabrik fur Sicherheitsschlosser GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0408953A2 publication Critical patent/EP0408953A2/fr
Publication of EP0408953A3 publication Critical patent/EP0408953A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0408953B1 publication Critical patent/EP0408953B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B37/00—Permutation or combination locks; Puzzle locks
    • E05B37/08—Permutation or combination locks; Puzzle locks with tumbler discs on a single axis, all the discs being adjustable by a rotary knob which is not shifted for adjusting the discs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0018—Details of actuator transmissions
    • E05B2047/0024—Cams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0018—Details of actuator transmissions
    • E05B2047/0026—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements
    • E05B2047/003—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements of the overload- slip- or friction type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0018—Details of actuator transmissions
    • E05B2047/0026—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements
    • E05B2047/0031—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements of the elastic type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B47/0012—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with rotary electromotors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B49/00—Electric permutation locks; Circuits therefor ; Mechanical aspects of electronic locks; Mechanical keys therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7051—Using a powered device [e.g., motor]
    • Y10T70/7062—Electrical type [e.g., solenoid]
    • Y10T70/7068—Actuated after correct combination recognized [e.g., numerical, alphabetical, or magnet[s] pattern]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7153—Combination
    • Y10T70/7181—Tumbler type
    • Y10T70/7198—Single tumbler set
    • Y10T70/7237—Rotary or swinging tumblers
    • Y10T70/7243—Interset tumblers
    • Y10T70/7249—Tumblers released
    • Y10T70/7254—Fence held spaced from tumblers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7153—Combination
    • Y10T70/7424—Tampering prevention or attach defeating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/80—Parts, attachments, accessories and adjuncts
    • Y10T70/8297—For combination-operated mechanism
    • Y10T70/8405—Combination finders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a permutation lock with a cam disk which can be rotated by means of a drive spindle for setting a plurality of tumbler disks which can be adjusted to any setting secrets and are provided on their circumference with an insertion recess each, with an engaging lever engaging a bolt which has a projection or the like which can be coupled to the circumference of the cam disk.
  • a nose and a lateral finger which is arranged transversely over the circumferences of the tumbler disks, with an inlet opening on the circumference of the cam disk for the entry of the finger fitting into the recesses in these recesses of each tumbler disk, when these are aligned with one another under the finger is provided for the drop lever and further means are provided for moving the bolt into its closed position.
  • Such a permutation lock is known for example from DE-PS 30 29 735.
  • a different number of turns of the drive spindle can be carried out by hand using a rotary knob, which means that the tumbler disks with their Incident recesses are brought into alignment and aligned so that the finger of the drop lever can enter them as well as the drop lever itself into the correspondingly arranged drop hole of the cam disk.
  • a final rotary movement then allows the bolt to be withdrawn.
  • the number knob On the rotary knob there is usually a scale labeled with numbers from, for example, one to one hundred, and with regard to the mutual entrainment and alignment of the tumbler disks, the number knob must, for example, four times to the right on the first secret number, for example with four tumbler disks four times to the left on the second, then three times to the right on the third and finally twice on the left to the fourth secret number, before the lock can be opened by turning the knob to the right.
  • permutation locks are due to the high security against unauthorized opening and because of the avoidance of keys with corresponding key channels which facilitate unauthorized opening are advantageous, desired and widespread.
  • the drive spindle for the cam disk and for the tumbler disks of the lock is permanently connected or can be coupled to an electric motor, that a microprocessor is provided to which an input device is connected, by means of which the microprocessor can combine information for a single opening attempt can be entered manually, the microprocessor having an algorithm for checking the manual input, which blocks the activation of the electric motor in the event of incorrect or incomplete input or when the input of the information combination is interrupted, that for a further opening attempt a new, complete input of the information combination is provided and that an electrical connection between the microprocessor and the electric motor for its direction of rotation and the correct amount depending on the lock mechanism and the end position nation is provided according to the manual input, so that if the manual input of the information combination matches the opening and setting secret mechanically stored in the tumbler disks, the recesses are aligned under the finger.
  • the user no longer has to carry out complicated, precisely coordinated different rotary movements himself, but rather it is sufficient if he enters the information combination corresponding to the setting and opening secret on the input device, so that the correspondingly controlled motor then carries out the required precise rotary movements. Incorrect operation is practically excluded, provided the setting secret is entered correctly, since the algorithm of the microprocessor is structured in such a way that it controls the electric motor according to the mechanical function of the lock in the correct direction of rotation and rotation, so that if the information or number combination is entered correctly, the tumbler disks be turned into the position in which the bolt can then be pulled back - in the usual way by hand.
  • a keypad or a dial or the like can expediently be provided as the input device for entering the setting secret and triggering the opening movement by the electric motor and connected to the microprocessor.
  • Keypads and dials are also widely known in other fields, so that the user is used to their application, that is to say can operate the lock provided with such an input device without any problems.
  • an electronically or electro-optically scannable angle indicator element is connected directly or indirectly in a rotationally fixed manner to the drive spindle and / or the electric motor, which angle element corresponds to a zero pulse corresponding to the mechanical starting position or zero line of the tumbler disks and the drive spindle and for the setting secret corresponding to the setting secret Transmits angular degrees to the microprocessor by means of electronic and / or optoelectronic scanning, preferably a fork light barrier.
  • a pulse disk or a gear in particular with fine toothing, can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the drive lockers and / or the electric motor, and the teeth of the gear can be arranged in accordance with the angular degrees required for the setting secret and preferably scanned by an induction sensor be.
  • Such or other angle display elements are already known per se, so that the additional effort to simplify the operation of the permutation lock according to the invention is very low due to the use of largely known technology. Nevertheless, there is the additional advantage that mechanical operation of the permutation lock still remains possible, conversely the previous security of this lock against unauthorized opening is not reduced.
  • the electric motor can be a direct current motor or a stepping motor, in particular for battery operation, and the power source for this motor and preferably the motor itself can be accommodated within the lock or the housing accommodating the lock or the door having the lock. This avoids power supply cables.
  • the motor and its power source and thus the microprocessor can also be protected against unauthorized attacks.
  • the electric motor is arranged directly on the drive spindle is or the motor output shaft forms the drive spindle;
  • the electric motor can also be connected to the drive spindle via a gear.
  • the scannable angle display element can be arranged in an advantageous manner, in particular between the electric motor and the tumbler disks on the motor output shaft.
  • a rotary knob can be coupled to the drive spindle, which can be coupled to the drive spindle and / or the motor shaft after the setting of the setting secret by the electric motor for rotating the cam disk.
  • the drive spindle can be rotated by hand to pull the bolt back into its open position and later back into the closed position.
  • this last rotary movement to open the permutation lock could also be carried out by the electric motor, it is desirable that the user himself carries out the actual unlocking by a rotary movement that he actively performs.
  • the rotary knob can have an end coupling half, which can be adjusted by axially adjusting the rotary knob with a corresponding mating coupling on the front side of the drive spindle and / or motor shaft can be brought into engagement.
  • he rotary knob can have a pin-shaped or peg-shaped extension which projects into the lock and is flush with the drive spindle, so that a simple push-in movement is sufficient to carry out the coupling. It is advantageous if the rotary knob can be moved into its coupling position against a restoring force, so that it is automatically disengaged after being released.
  • the rotary knob is permanently connected to the drive spindle via a slip clutch or the like, which can be converted mechanically, for example via a locking mechanism, into a rotationally fixed clutch in order to rotate the cam disk.
  • the input device for inputting the information combination can have an actuation, for example an additional key or a special number, a character or the like, for inputting a confirmation pulse for the fact that the respective character of the information or setting combination for a rotation, preferably one for example multi-digit number, has ended.
  • the electronic entry of the setting secret - via a manual actuation of the input device - makes it possible to use numbers with even more digits instead of the previously usual one or two-digit numbers, thereby making the setting secret even more difficult to ascertain for an unauthorized user. It is only to signal to the memory or microprocessor after each individual number that one of the characters or numbers or information belonging to the setting secret has now been completely entered. Instead of the generally common numbers, letters or other symbols can also be used, for example.
  • the dialing or input device has a data carrier reading unit which electro-optically or magnetically scans a data carrier which has the setting secret, in particular can be inserted into a reading slot or the like, preferably a data carrier card or the like.
  • Data carrier cards are widely known either with embossing or magnetic strips or combinations thereof, so that in this way the operation and setting of a permutation lock in its open position can be made even easier for the user and yet made more secure, namely observations by unauthorized third parties as to which setting secret is used User sets, can be switched off.
  • a signal transmitter - for example an acoustic and / or an optical signal transmitter - can be provided in or on the permutation lock, which indicates the end of the arrangement of the tumbler disks and the insertion of the finger into the ordered and now aligned recesses.
  • the user receives a corresponding request to withdraw the bolt in turn, for example by actuating a corresponding rotary knob.
  • it can be prevented in this way that a lock remains in the open position with respect to the tumbler disks and is not secured by discarding the tumbler disks.
  • a further embodiment for improving the function of the permutation lock and for increasing security against unauthorized opening can consist in the fact that the angle display element or the pulse disc has a control track for checking the complete displacement of the bolt over its entire displacement path when it is moved back into the closed position. Since when moving the bolt, for example with the help of the rotary knob, the drive spindle and So that the angle indicator element can also be rotated, this measure can be checked in a very simple manner and ensure that the bolt is adjusted sufficiently far into its closed position and that the tumbler disks are also discarded.
  • the security of the permutation lock and the simplification of the operation of this lock can be further improved by the fact that the microprocessor or the like electronic memory contains information which, after the bolt has been closed, the electric motor has a number of revolutions and / or partial revolutions required for discarding the tumbler disks controls.
  • these rotary movements required for the final securing of the locked permutation lock can also run automatically and need not be carried out by the user, so that the user cannot forget them either.
  • the rotary knob for the conventional mechanical setting of the tumbler disks can be coupled to the drive spindle at the start of the opening process and preferably has an adjustment scale. This opens up the possibility already mentioned that the user can also open the permutation lock according to the invention in a conventional manner with the aid of this rotary knob if, for example, the electric motor has a defect or the power supply is interrupted or has failed or the battery serving as the power source has been accidentally drained.
  • the keypad of the adjusting device is arranged on the rotary knob itself.
  • a setting secret can first be entered in the manner described above using the keypad and can be used by the microprocessor and the electric motor to arrange the tumbler disks, after which the user can simply operate this rotary knob with the keypad as described above for the rotary knob, that is, he can then use it to actually open the bolt and later carry out the closing movement again.
  • the keypad can also be arranged independently of the rotary knob.
  • a further improvement in the security of the lock - despite the simplification of the operation - can be achieved on the basis of these electronic aids for the simplification of operation in that the microprocessor contains a timer element or is connected to a timer element which arranges the electric motor after the individual or all Controls tumbler disks before the latch is retracted in the open position to a number of revolutions required to discard the tumbler disks, provided the latch has not been retracted into the open position within a predetermined time.
  • permutation lock which has all the advantages of this type of lock, even greater security especially when locking the lock and discarding the tumbler disks, but also when the opening process is interrupted, but still essential can be operated more easily and practically completely eliminates the risk of incorrect operation.
  • an increase in safety can easily be achieved by providing more tumbler disks that would make setting by hand very difficult, but can be easily brought into their correct position by the microprocessor and the electric motor.
  • a permutation lock designated 1 in each of the two exemplary embodiments, the matching parts of which are given the same reference numerals in the following, has a cam disk 3 which can be rotated by means of a drive spindle 2 and several, in the exemplary embodiment four tumbler disks 4, each adjustable in terms of a setting secret, each of which has a circumference a recess 5 are provided. Also provided in this permutation lock 1 is an engaging lever 7 engaging a bolt 6, which has a projection that can be coupled to the circumference of the cam disk 3, in the exemplary embodiment a nose 8, and a lateral finger 9, which according to FIGS. 2, 9 and 10 transversely is arranged over the circumference of the tumbler disks 4.
  • the drive spindle 2 for the cam disk 3 and for the tumbler disks 4 of the lock 1 is permanently connected to an electric motor 11, but can also be coupled, if necessary, which is therefore the one Lock arrangement permanently belongs to the fact that a microprocessor 12 is provided, to which an input device 13, in the exemplary embodiment a keypad, is connected, by means of which the microprocessor 12 can manually input an information combination for a single attempt to open the lock 1.
  • the microprocessor 12 has an algorithm for checking the manual input, which blocks the activation of the electric motor 11 by the microprocessor 12 in the event of incorrect or incomplete input or when the input of the information combination is interrupted. A renewed, complete entry of the information combination is therefore necessary for a further attempt to open it.
  • the microprocessor 12 Furthermore, there is an electrical connection between the microprocessor 12 and the electric motor 11 for actuating it in the correct direction and in terms of the amount of rotation, depending on the lock mechanism and provided for the final positioning according to the manual input, so that if the manual input of the information combination matches the opening and setting secret of the lock 1 mechanically stored in the tumbler disks 4, the recesses 5 are aligned under the finger 9.
  • the microprocessor thus contains the information on how many rotations it must cause in the one and in the other direction on the drive spindle 2, the respective end positioning also taking place on the basis of the information entered, until all the tumbler disks 4 with their recesses are entered if the setting secret is entered correctly 5 are arranged so that the Einfallfinger 9 can engage to produce the coupling to the bolt 6 via the cam disc 3. If the information combination, for example a sequence of numbers, which the operator has entered on the input device 13, is correct, the bolt 6 can now be withdrawn by hand, for example.
  • a dial could also be provided as an input device for entering the setting secret and triggering the opening movement by the electric motor 11 and connected to the microprocessor 12.
  • the exemplary embodiments of the permutation lock 1 also include an electronically or electro-optically scannable angle display element, which is located on the drive spindle 2 and / or the output shaft of the electric motor 11 or a shaft coupled thereto.
  • the electric motor 11 and this angle display element are arranged directly on the drive spindle 2, so that the latter simultaneously forms the motor output shaft.
  • a pulse disk 14 which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the drive spindle 2 and / or the electric motor 11, and expediently serves as an angle display element and has a zero pulse corresponding to the mechanical starting position or zero line of the tumbler disks 4 and the drive spindle 2 and for the angular degrees corresponding to the setting secret Transmits pulses to the microprocessor 12 by means of electronic and / or electro-optical scanning - in the exemplary embodiment of a fork light barrier 14a.
  • the electric motor 11 can be a direct current motor or a stepper motor for battery operation.
  • the scannable angle display element, the pulse disk 14 in the exemplary embodiments, is arranged between the electric motor 11 and the tumbler disks 4 on the motor output shaft and thus the drive spindle 2.
  • a rotary knob 15 can be coupled to the drive spindle 2, which can be coupled to the drive spindle 2 and / or the motor shaft to adjust the setting secret by the electric motor 11 for rotating the cam disk 3.
  • the last rotary movement for withdrawing the bolt 6 can again be carried out by hand.
  • the subsequent closing movement and possibly also the discarding of the tumbler disks 4 can also be carried out by hand with the aid of this detachable rotary knob 15.
  • the rotary knob 15 has a front-side coupling half 16, which can be seen above all in FIG. 3 - in this case a projection - which coupling half 16 by axially adjusting the rotary knob 15 in the direction of the drive spindle 2 with a corresponding counter-coupling 17 on the front side of the Drive spindle 2 can be brought into engagement, as can be seen in FIG. 8.
  • the projection serving as coupling half 16 is inserted through this axial adjustment of the rotary knob 15 into a recess forming the counter coupling 17 on the front side of the drive spindle 2.
  • the knob 15 can be moved against the restoring force of a spring 18 into its coupling position, so that after the knob is released it automatically returns to its disengaged position according to FIG. 3.
  • the rotary knob 15 can also be connected to the drive spindle 2 via a slip clutch or a freewheel so that the electric motor 11 can carry out the respective rotary movements of the tumbler disks 4 undisturbed, after which the rotary knob 15 via a locking mechanism with the drive spindle 2 into a non-rotatable clutch can reach in order to then be able to carry out the locking movements again by hand on the rotary knob 15.
  • the selection device for entering the setting secret and triggering the opening movements by the electric motor 11 can be a keypad 13; instead, a dial could also be provided. It is expedient if the selection device actuates, e.g. has an additional key or a special number or a special character within the keypad 13 or the dial, with which a confirmation pulse can be entered each time the respective character or number has ended for a rotation of the setting secret.
  • this movement could in turn also be carried out controlled by the microprocessor 12 with the help of the electric motor 11.
  • the rotary knob 15 could also be coupled to the drive spindle 2 for the conventional mechanical adjustment of the tumbler disks 4 to their setting secret at the beginning of the opening process and then expediently an adjustment scale or the like. Has aids. Possibly. A fitter who has to open a permutation lock 1 which is disturbed with regard to the electrical devices could also carry such a scale with him and attach it subsequently for the mechanical opening process then required.
  • the keypad 13 is arranged next to the rotary knob 15, according to FIG. 9 the keypad 13 can also be arranged on the rotary knob 15.
  • the procedure for opening the permutation lock 1 is as follows in both exemplary embodiments:
  • the setting secret is gradually typed in on the keypad 13, so that the electric motor 11, controlled accordingly by the microprocessor 12, can gradually turn the tumbler disks 4 into their correct position. 10, two of the four tumbler disks are already arranged.
  • the microprocessor 12 or a corresponding electronic memory contains information which, after the bolt 6 has been closed, the electric motor 11 has a number required to discard the tumbler disks 4 Revolutions and / or partial revolutions.
  • the electric motor 11 has a number required to discard the tumbler disks 4 Revolutions and / or partial revolutions.
  • a further improvement and advantageous embodiment of the invention of very considerable importance in the exemplary embodiment is also that the microprocessor 12 contains a time switching element or is connected to a time switching element that the electric motor 11 after the arrangement of all or individual tumbler disks 4 before the retraction movement of the bolt 6 drives to a number of revolutions required for discarding the tumbler disks 4, provided the bolt 6 has not been retracted into the opening position within a predetermined time. If a user is disturbed when opening the lock, but has already entered important parts of the information combination or even the entire combination, so that an unauthorized person could easily open the bolt, but is then prevented from operating the lock 1 by an unforeseen event. this is automatically brought back into the secured position by the measure described above and the microprocessor 12.
  • the permutation lock 1 with a drive spindle 2 for a cam disk 3 and a plurality of tumbler disks 4, which can be arranged by repeated opposite rotations of the drive spindle 2, so that an engagement lever 7 can fall into the recesses 5 located on its circumference, in order to be in a coupling position with a cam disk 3 to arrive, has an electric motor 11 connected to the drive spindle 2, which is controlled by a microprocessor 12 or electronic memory.
  • the setting secret of the lock 1 can be entered into this microprocessor 12 are and with this microprocessor 12 is a selector for entering the individual characters or numbers of this setting secret for opening the lock 1 and for controlling the electric motor 11, so that the electric motor 11, the required rotary movements of the drive spindle 2 for arranging the tumbler disks 4 according to the Setting secret can perform and this relatively complicated rotation of the drive spindle 2 no longer has to be done by hand.

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  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Serrure à combinaisons (1) comprenant un disque à came (3) que l'on peut faire tourner au moyen d'une broche d'entraînement (2) en vue du réglage de la position de plusieurs disques formant gorges (4) qui peuvent être réglés en position sur des combinaisons secrètes quelconques de réglage en position ou d'ouverture et qui sont chacun pourvus sur leur pourtour d'une encoche d'enclenchement (5), et comprenant un levier d'enclenchement (7) qui vient en prise avec un verrou (6) et qui comporte une partie en saillie ou similaire, et de préférence un mentonnet (8), pouvant être accouplée au pourtour du disque à came (3), ainsi qu'un doigt latéral (9) qui est disposé transversalement au-dessus des pourtours des disques formant gorges (4), cependant qu'il est prévu sur le pourtour du disque à came (3) une ouverture d'enclenchement (10) destinée au levier d'enclenchement (7) en vue de l'entrée du doigt (9), celui-ci étant adapté aux encoches d'enclenchement (5), dans ces encoches d'enclenchement (5) de ces disques formant gorges (4) lorsque celles-ci sont alignées entre elles sous le doigt (9), et cependant qu'il est prévu en outre des moyens pour déplacer le verrou (6) jusque dans sa position fermée, caractérisée par le fait que la broche d'entraînement (2) destinée au disque à came (3) et aux disques formant gorges (4) de la serrure (1) est reliée à un moteur électrique (11) d'une manière permanente ou en pouvant être accouplée, par le fait qu'il est prévu un microprocesseur (12) auquel est raccordé un dispositif d'introduction des données (13) au moyen duquel on peut fournir manuellement au microprocesseur (12) une combinaison d'informations destinée à une tentative d'ouverture unique, cependant que le microprocesseur (12) comporte un algorithme qui est destiné au contrôle de l'introduction manuelle des données et qui bloque la commande du moteur électrique (11) dans le cas d'une introduction de données fausse ou incomplète ou dans le cas d'une interruption de l'introduction de la combinaison d'informations, de sorte qu'une nouvelle introduction complète de la combinaison d'informations est prévue ou nécessaire pour une nouvelle tentative d'ouverture, et par le fait qu'il est prévu une connexion électrique entre le microprocesseur (12) et le moteur électrique (11) en vue de la commande correcte de celui-ci quant au sens de rotation et à l'angle de rotation en fonction du mécanisme de la serrure, et en vue du positionnement final selon l'introduction manuelle des données, de sorte que, dans le cas où il y a coincidence entre l'introduction manuelle de la combinaison d'informations et la combinaison secrète d'ouverture et de réglage en position qui est mise en mémoire mécaniquement dans les disques formant gorges (4), les encoches d'enclenchement (5) des disques formant gorges (4) sont alignées sous le doigt d'enclenchement (9).
  2. Serrure à combinaisons selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait qu'il est prévu comme dispositif d'introduction des données un clavier ou un cadran ou similaire qui est destiné à l'introduction de la combinaison secrète, ainsi qu'au déclenchement du déplacement d'ouverture par le moteur électrique (11), et qui est raccordé au microprocesseur (12).
  3. Serrure à combinaisons selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée par le fait qu'un élément d'affichage des angles pouvant être lu par voie électronique ou électrique et optique est relié directement ou indirectement, d'une manière solidaire en rotation, à la broche d'entraînement (2) et/ou au moteur électrique (11), et qu'il transmet au microprocesseur (12), au moyen d'un lecteur électronique ou optique et électronique, et de préférence d'une cellule photoélectrique (14a) en forme de fourche, une impulsion de remise à zéro correspondant à la position mécanique de départ, ou ligne zéro, des disques formant gorges (4) et de la broche d'entraînement (2), ainsi que des impulsions destinées aux degrés d'angle correspondant à la combinaison secrète.
  4. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée par le fait que, comme élément d'affichage des angles pouvant être lu par voie électronique ou électrique et optique, un disque à impulsions (14) ou une roue dentée, en particulier à denture fine, est reliée d'une manière solidaire en rotation à la broche d'entraînement (2) et/ou au moteur électrique (11), et par le fait que les dents de la roue dentée sont disposées en fonction des degrés d'angle qui sont nécessaires pour la combinaison secrète, et qu'elles peuvent être lues de préférence par un capteur inductif.
  5. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée par le fait que le moteur électrique (11) est un moteur à courant continu ou un moteur pas à pas, en particulier à fonctionnement sur batterie, et que la source de courant destinée à ce moteur, ainsi que, de préférence, le moteur lui-même, sont disposés à l'intérieur de la serrure (1), ou du boîtier qui reçoit la serrure, ou de la porte qui comprend la serrure.
  6. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée par le fait que le moteur électrique (11) est relié au côté extérieur de la porte avec le boîtier du dispositif d'introduction des données (13).
  7. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée par le fait que le moteur électrique (11) est disposé directement sur la broche d'entraînement (2), ou que l'arbre d'entraînement du moteur constitue la broche d'entraînement (2), ou que le moteur électrique (11) est relié à la broche d'entraînement (2) par l'intermédiaire d'une transmission.
  8. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée par le fait que l'élément d'affichage des angles pouvant être lu est disposé sur l'arbre d'entraînement du moteur, en particulier entre le moteur électrique (11) et les disques formant gorges (4).
  9. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée par le fait que l'on peut accoupler à la broche d'entraînement (2) un bouton tournant (15) qui est séparé de la broche d'entraînement (2) lorsqu'il n'y a pas actionnement et qui, après le réglage en position corres pondant à la combinaison secrète par le moteur électrique (11), peut être accouplé à la broche d'entraînement (2) et/ou à l'arbre du moteur en vue de faire tourner le disque à came (3) et en vue du déverrouillage.
  10. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée par le fait que le bouton tournant (15) comporte une moitié d'accouplement (16) - en particulier frontale - qui, par déplacement du bouton tournant (15), et en particulier par un déplacement axial, peut être amenée en prise, de préférence à l'encontre d'une force de rappel, avec un accouplement conjugué (17), de préférence du côté frontal de la broche d 'entraînement (2) et/ou de l'arbre du moteur.
  11. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée par le fait que le bouton tournant (15) est relié à la broche d'entraînement (2) par l'intermédiaire d'un accouplement à friction, d'un mécanisme à roue libre ou similaire qui peut être transformé en un accouplement solidaire en rotation en vue de faire tourner le disque à came (3) et en vue du déverrouillage, en particulier par voie mécanique, par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'un mécanisme d'encliquetage.
  12. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée par le fait que le dispositif d'introduction des données (13) qui est destiné à introduire la ccnbinaison d'informations comporte un organe d'actionnement, comme par exemple une touche supplémentaire ou un chiffre spécial, un signe ou similaire, destiné à introduire une impulsion d'actionnement lorsqu'est terminé le signe corres- pondant de la combinaison d'informations ou de réglage en position qui est destiné à une rotation et qui est de préférence un nombre, par exemple à plusieurs chiffres.
  13. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que le dispositif d'introduction des données ou de numérotage (13) comporte une unité de lecture de supports de données qui lit par voie électrique et optique ou par voie magnétique un support de données, et de préférence une carte support de données ou similaire, qui comporte la combinaison secrète et qui peut être enfoncé en particulier dans une fente de lecture ou similaire.
  14. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée par le fait qu'il est prévu un émetteur de signaux qui affiche la fin de la mise en ordre des disques formant gorges (4) et l'enclenchement du doigt (9) dans les encoches d'enclenchement (5) qui sont mises en ordre et maintenant alignées.
  15. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée par le fait que l'élément d'affichage des angles ou le disque à impulsions (14) comporte une piste de contrôle destinée à vérifier le déplacement complet du verrou (6) sur la totalité de son trajet de déplacement lors du retour de celui-ci dans sa position fermée.
  16. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisée par le fait que le microprocesseur (12) ou une mémoire électronique similaire contient une information qui, après la fermeture du verrou (6), ordonne au moteur électrique (11) d'exécuter un nombre de rotations et/ ou de rotations partielles qui est nécessaire pour brouiller les disques formant gorges (4).
  17. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisée par le fait que le bouton tournant (15) peut être accouplé à la broche d'entraînement (2) au début du processus d'ouverture en vue du réglage mécanique habituel de la position des disques formant gorges (4) sur la combinaison secrète de ceux-ci, et qu'il comporte de préférence une graduation de réglage.
  18. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisée par le fait que le clavier (13) du dispositif de réglage en position est disposé sur le bouton tournant (15) lui-même.
  19. Serrure à combinaisons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisée par le fait que le microprocesseur (12) contient une minuterie ou qu'il est relié à une minuterie qui ordonne au moteur électrique (11), après la mise en ordre de divers disques formant gorges (4), ou de tous, et avant le déplacement de retrait du verrou (6), d'exécuter un nombre de rotations qui est nécessaire pour brouiller les disques formant gorges (4), pour autant que le verrou (6) n'ait pas été ramené dans sa position ouverte avant l'expiration d'une durée prédéterminée.
EP90112483A 1989-07-21 1990-06-29 Serrure à combinaisons comportant un disque à cames et des disques à gorges Expired - Lifetime EP0408953B1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3924227 1989-07-21
DE3924227 1989-07-21

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EP0408953A2 EP0408953A2 (fr) 1991-01-23
EP0408953A3 EP0408953A3 (en) 1991-07-17
EP0408953B1 true EP0408953B1 (fr) 1994-01-26

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US (1) US5184491A (fr)
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DE (1) DE59004386D1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0408953A3 (en) 1991-07-17
DE59004386D1 (de) 1994-03-10
US5184491A (en) 1993-02-09
EP0408953A2 (fr) 1991-01-23

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