EP0388793B1 - Procédé de fabrication de tabac coupé - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication de tabac coupé Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0388793B1 EP0388793B1 EP90104900A EP90104900A EP0388793B1 EP 0388793 B1 EP0388793 B1 EP 0388793B1 EP 90104900 A EP90104900 A EP 90104900A EP 90104900 A EP90104900 A EP 90104900A EP 0388793 B1 EP0388793 B1 EP 0388793B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- cut
- bales
- cutter
- pressed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/02—Humidifying packed raw tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B7/00—Cutting tobacco
- A24B7/14—Feeding or control devices for tobacco-cutting apparatus
Definitions
- tobacco is dried relatively strongly, ie to a residual moisture content of about 8-11%, and is usually pressed for dispatch in cuboid or cylindrical bales or packages, although other forms of compression are also possible.
- the tobacco can be pure pre-stripped leaf material (without substantial rib parts); the ribs removed before drying, which are processed separately and mixed into the leaf tobacco, can also be pressed and shipped in a dry state.
- the pressed and relatively dry tobacco can also be stored for a long time in this condition. Should this relatively dry tobacco be used for smoking products, e.g. B. cigarettes are processed, it is necessary in the known processing methods, the individual sheets (or leaf pieces) or ribs (or rib pieces) in the pressed bale to separate and separate from each other.
- the tobacco is compressed very strongly by means of converging press chains (one speaks of a "tobacco cake") before slices of fiber can be cut off on a mouthpiece by rotating knives.
- the cut tobacco must then be dried again to the processing moisture of 12.5 to 13.5%, in which it is processed into cigarettes, for example on a cigarette machine.
- the object on which the invention is based is to cut tobacco without a great deal of energy and equipment, and the process parameters can be selected such that good results are achieved with regard to the filling power of the cut tobacco produced.
- this is achieved in that the tobacco is cut in a tobacco cutter at a humidity between 10% and 17% and a minimum temperature of ambient temperature (18 ° C to 25 ° C).
- This cutting can be carried out in such a way that the pressed tobacco parts are not detached from one another beforehand, but rather that the tobacco, compressed into bales or pieces of bale, is fed to the tobacco cutter with its shipping moisture and room temperature and is processed by it to cut tobacco.
- the tobacco can also be dissolved at a slightly elevated temperature and / or humidity before it is fed to the tobacco cutter.
- the tobacco is used less because of dampening and drying processes that mechanically stress the tobacco and lead to an undesirable fiber shortening.
- a very advantageous development of the invention is that the tobacco is fed to the tobacco cutter as tobacco pressed in bales or parts thereof and cut into cut tobacco without further moistening.
- the tobacco pressed in bales or parts thereof can, however, also be heated to a temperature of at least 30 ° C., preferably at least 40 ° C., for example 40 ° C. to 50 ° C., before cutting, which further improves the cutting result.
- very low moisture values i.e. at low shipping moisture values, and room temperature or very little elevated temperature, there is a loosening of the tobacco particles, e.g. B.
- the tobacco leaves each other the risk of tobacco damage.
- the tobacco to be cut must therefore be prepared if the pieces supplied do not exactly meet the aforementioned conditions.
- the bales are broken up so far that the single sheets and / or smaller or larger lumps of them fill the baling chamber of the tobacco cutter between its chain in front of the cutting knives sufficiently homogeneously. If it was stated in the above that the heated tobacco should be loosened, after which the loosened tobacco is fed directly to the tobacco cutter, this means that the temperature drop during loosening and conveying to the tobacco cutter must not be so great that the Tobacco comes too cold in the tobacco cutter, because then the tobacco leaves in the tobacco cutter can be damaged by the pressing forces.
- the tobacco Before loosening and cutting, the tobacco should therefore be warmed up to such an extent that it has a minimum temperature of 30 ° C in the tobacco cutter, but preferably about 40 ° C and above, for example between 40 ° C and 50 ° C. In this case, it is pliable enough to withstand the pressing forces.
- the tobacco pressed in bales or parts thereof can advantageously be heated by exposure to microwaves or high-frequency electrical fields, as described in US Pat. No. 4,799,501. With such heating, the tobacco is not moistened at the same time. If it is desired to wet the tobacco when it is heated, which makes it even more supple and allows it to be dissolved at considerably lower temperatures, this is possible in a manner known per se and described, for example, by US Pat. No.
- the energy required for heating and possibly drying is considerably less than when dampening to a relative humidity of 18% and above with conventional conditioning methods or when heating to high temperatures before cutting.
- the plants for treating the tobacco with the optimal parameters according to the invention are not very expensive.
- undesirable taste influences of the tobacco as a result of heating to high temperatures, which must be kept for a longer period of time to dry, are avoided and good values for the filling power of the tobacco are achieved.
- Damping can be done by passing saturated steam or dry steam onto the dissolved tobacco, for example while this is being conveyed on a vibratory conveyor.
- the steam can then be supplied from below.
- the tobacco temperature can be around 60 ° C after steaming, but they can also be increased to around 90 ° C.
- the warm and dry cut tobacco (leaf cut, rib cut, mixture of leaf and rib cut) leaving the tobacco cutter is, preferably immediately afterwards, d. H. before cooling, moistened, which can be done in a conventional manner in a wet drum, as z. B. is described in U.S. Patent 4,054,145 or 3,948,277.
- the cut tobacco is moistened in a so-called steam tunnel, which has a vibrating feed channel with steam inlets and z. B. is described in US-PS 4 004 594 or GB-OS 2 138 666.
- the tobacco moisture can be increased in order to minimize the energy expenditure until the further processing moisture (12 to 13.5%), which the tobacco has after cooling to room temperature and with which it is processed in cigarette machines. However, it can also be moistened to higher degrees of moisture (over 20%) in order to increase its filling power, after which it is dried down to the processing moisture.
- the moistening preferably takes place immediately after cutting, so that the relatively dry but still warm cut tobacco reaches the moistening device before it has cooled down.
- the tobacco fibers of different types or types of tobacco can be mixed with one another U.S. Patent 4,116,203 is suitable.
- the advantage achieved by the invention is that a method is specified how bale-pressed tobacco can be processed into usable cut tobacco with minimal use of energy and equipment, without the extensive and energy-consuming dissolving, dampening and drying equipment being used were previously considered necessary. These systems change the taste of tobacco and reduce its size. If the tobacco is to be fed to the tobacco cutter in a dissolved form, which offers advantages for its operation, it is advantageously slightly warmed and / or moistened, for which reasonably priced systems are suitable. The energy consumption is also low.
- the conditioning of the tobacco for loosening can be done with little energy and with simple systems, because it has been found that the tobacco leaves do not have to be completely detached from one another, but it is sufficient if the tobacco is loosely loosened so that the tobacco cutter's pressing space is at least approximately homogeneous is filled. If necessary, the tobacco can be fed to a steaming system before it is cut, in which its temperature and humidity are increased.
- the heating to 40 ° C and 75 ° C was carried out by exposing the tobacco to microwaves. After cutting, the tobacco was brought to a moisture level of 12.04% and its filling power was determined in mm remaining height.
- the following shows the relationship between the remaining height of the Borgwald densimeter and the cutting moisture or cutting temperature of the tobacco: Moisture content [%] Temperature [° C] Residual height [mm] (Borgwald densimeter) 8th 8th 40 36.04 8th 75 37.10 11 20th 34.26 11 40 38.23 11 75 38.26 13 20th 38.05 13 40 39.66 13 75 38.16 3.
- Pressed raw Virginia tobacco tobacco leaves
- a moisture content of 8.4% shipment moisture
- the tobacco was cut with a condition of approx. 65 ° C. and a moisture content of 11.8% by means of a tobacco cutter from the applicant of the type KTH. After cutting, the tobacco was brought to a moisture of 13%, which corresponds approximately to the processing moisture at which cigarettes are made from the tobacco.
- the residual height in the Borgwald densimeter was 36.31 mm at this humidity.
- a similar hardness value was achieved after the leaves were separated from each other after dampening and heating and before cutting and were fed to the tobacco cutter in a loose formation.
- a reference sample of the same tobacco which had been brought to the aforementioned condition of 65 ° C. and 11.8% moisture in the same way, was first subjected to a dissolving step in which the tobacco leaves were separated from one another. After dissolving, the tobacco was moistened in a conventional manner, namely by means of a so-called steam tunnel (US Pat. No. 4,004,594) to a moisture content of 21% and cut into tobacco fibers at room temperature. These fibers were heated in a HT vibration tunnel by the applicant (GB-OS 2 138 666) to a temperature of approx.
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Claims (16)
- Procédé de fabrication de tabac coupé à partir de tabac, en particulier à partir de feuilles de tabac qui est livré pressé en balles ou en parties de balles, caractérisé en ce que le tabac est coupé dans une machine à couper le tabac à une humidité comprise entre 10 % et 17 % et à une température correspondant au moins à la température ambiante de l'environnement (18°C à 25°C).
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le tabac, qui présente une humidité comprise entre 11 % et 16 %, est découpé dans une machine à couper le tabac donnant du tabac coupé.
- Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le tabac est acheminé sous forme de tabac pressé en balles ou en parties de balles, à la machine à couper le tabac et est découpé sans humidification en donnant du tabac coupé.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tabac pressé en balles ou en parties de balles est chauffé avant le découpage à une température d'au moins 30°C.
- Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que, immédiatement après son échauffement, le tabac est soumis à une étape de détachage et en ce que le tabac détaché est immédiatement acheminé à la machine à couper le tabac dans laquelle il est coupé en du tabac coupé.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, avant le découpage, le tabac est chauffé à une température égale ou supérieure à 40°C.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le tabac pressé en balles ou en parties de balles est chauffé par irradiation à l'aide de micro-ondes ou de champs électriques à haute fréquence.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que, pendant son échauffement, le tabac est en outre humidifié.
- Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le tabac pressé en balles ou en parties de balles est chauffé et humidifié du fait que de la vapeur d'eau est acheminée, avantageusement à l'aide d'un mandrin creux, à l'intérieur des balles se trouvant sous dépression.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tabac pressé en balles ou en parties de balles est chauffé à une température comprise entre 30°C et 60°C, avantageusment entre 40°C et 50°C, par exemple à environ 40°C et est porté à une humidité comprise entre 13 % et 16 %, avantageusement une humidité de 14 %.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 5 à 10, caractérisé en ce que, après son détachage, le tabac est soumis à un traitement par de la vapeur d'eau pour en élever la température et l'humidité relative, puis il est acheminé à la machine de découpage de tabac.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lorsqu'il quitte la machine à découper le tabac, le tabac coupé est humidifié avantageusement immédiatement après avoir quitté la machine.
- Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le tabac coupé est humidifié à un taux d'humidité permettant bien sa mise en oeuvre.
- Procédé selon la revendication 12 caractérisé en ce que le tabac coupé est humidifié nettement au-delà du taux d'humidité nécessaire pour sa mise en oeuvre et est ensuite séché à nouveau pour revenir à ce taux d'humidité.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 12 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le tabac coupé est soumis à l'action de la vapeur d'eau pour son humidification pendant qu'il parcourt un canal vibrant.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 12 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le tabac coupé est humidifié dans un tambour humide.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT90104900T ATE99503T1 (de) | 1989-03-18 | 1990-03-15 | Verfahren zum herstellen von schnittabak. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3908937A DE3908937A1 (de) | 1989-03-18 | 1989-03-18 | Verfahren zum herstellen von schnittabak |
DE3908937 | 1989-03-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0388793A1 EP0388793A1 (fr) | 1990-09-26 |
EP0388793B1 true EP0388793B1 (fr) | 1994-01-05 |
Family
ID=6376662
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90104900A Expired - Lifetime EP0388793B1 (fr) | 1989-03-18 | 1990-03-15 | Procédé de fabrication de tabac coupé |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5143095A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0388793B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH02273167A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE99503T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3908937A1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2048349T3 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103704865A (zh) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-09 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种卷烟生产的工艺方法 |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5165426A (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1992-11-24 | British-American Tobacco Company Limited | Processing of tobacco leaves |
US5720735A (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1998-02-24 | Dorros; Gerald | Bifurcated endovascular catheter |
DE19756217A1 (de) | 1997-12-17 | 1999-07-01 | Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh | Verfahren zur Behandlung von Tabakfeinschnitt |
US6595216B1 (en) | 2001-03-20 | 2003-07-22 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Method of cutting sheets of reconstituted tobacco |
JP4490262B2 (ja) | 2002-06-13 | 2010-06-23 | ジョンズ ホプキンス ユニバーシティ | 24−スルホキシイミンビタミンd3化合物 |
PL368498A1 (en) * | 2004-06-14 | 2005-12-27 | International Tobacco Machinery Poland Ltd. | Method and appliance for processing plant material, particularly tobacco |
DE102004043833B4 (de) * | 2004-09-08 | 2006-10-05 | Hauni Primary Gmbh | Anlage der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie |
DE102004045040A1 (de) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-30 | Hauni Primary Gmbh | Aufbereitung und Bereitstellung von Tabakgut |
DE102006038622B4 (de) * | 2006-08-17 | 2008-08-28 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Aufbereitung von aus Tabakprodukten bestehenden Tabakportionen |
CN101694435B (zh) * | 2009-06-23 | 2011-02-16 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | 一种用于测定烟丝破碎程度的方法和装置 |
DE102010028501B4 (de) | 2010-05-03 | 2014-02-13 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Vorrichtung zum Konditionieren von Tabak |
CN103052327B (zh) | 2010-08-24 | 2016-01-20 | 豪尼机械制造股份公司 | 用于处理烟草的装置 |
CN102048234A (zh) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-05-11 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | 一种烟叶称量烘烤方法 |
CN104041932B (zh) * | 2013-03-11 | 2015-12-02 | 贵州中烟工业有限责任公司 | 烟叶的处理装置及处理方法 |
DE102017120169A1 (de) | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-07 | Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh | Trommel der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie zum Behandeln von Tabak |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE835127C (de) * | 1950-01-21 | 1952-03-27 | Wilhelm Quester Maschinenfabri | Verfahren zum Warmhalten von Tabakgut fuer die Weiterverarbeitung |
GB1089361A (en) * | 1964-01-22 | 1967-11-01 | Desmond Walter Molins | Improvements relating to tobacco processing |
US3372703A (en) * | 1966-06-13 | 1968-03-12 | American Mach & Foundry | Tobacco moistener |
DE2135637C3 (de) * | 1971-07-16 | 1980-05-29 | Hauni-Werke Koerber & Co Kg, 2050 Hamburg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zusetzen einer Beimischung zu Tabak |
DE2240682C2 (de) * | 1972-08-18 | 1983-09-01 | Hauni-Werke Körber & Co KG, 2050 Hamburg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Feuchten von Tabak |
DE2402538C2 (de) * | 1974-01-19 | 1985-05-09 | Hauni-Werke Körber & Co KG, 2050 Hamburg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Konditionieren von Tabak |
DE2540411C2 (de) * | 1975-09-11 | 1986-02-20 | Hauni-Werke Körber & Co KG, 2050 Hamburg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Tabakmischung |
US4582070A (en) * | 1983-04-07 | 1986-04-15 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Tobacco treating process |
CH662478A5 (de) * | 1983-04-23 | 1987-10-15 | Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg | Verfahren und einrichtung zum blaehen von tabak. |
US4600024A (en) * | 1983-06-15 | 1986-07-15 | Hallmark Fabricators Inc | Tobacco separation pretreatment system |
US4615343A (en) * | 1983-09-03 | 1986-10-07 | Hauni-Werke Korber & Co. Kg. | Device for compressing tobacco in tobacco comminuting machines |
DE3603193A1 (de) * | 1986-02-03 | 1987-08-06 | Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg | Verfahren und anlage zum herstellen von schnittabak aus relativ trockenem tabak |
-
1989
- 1989-03-18 DE DE3908937A patent/DE3908937A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-03-15 ES ES90104900T patent/ES2048349T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-03-15 AT AT90104900T patent/ATE99503T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-03-15 DE DE90104900T patent/DE59004071D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-03-15 EP EP90104900A patent/EP0388793B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-03-16 US US07/494,733 patent/US5143095A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-03-16 JP JP2064470A patent/JPH02273167A/ja active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103704865A (zh) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-09 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种卷烟生产的工艺方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3908937A1 (de) | 1990-09-20 |
JPH02273167A (ja) | 1990-11-07 |
US5143095A (en) | 1992-09-01 |
EP0388793A1 (fr) | 1990-09-26 |
DE59004071D1 (de) | 1994-02-17 |
ES2048349T3 (es) | 1994-03-16 |
ATE99503T1 (de) | 1994-01-15 |
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