EP0384023B1 - Plaque porteuse pour gazonner un toit - Google Patents

Plaque porteuse pour gazonner un toit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0384023B1
EP0384023B1 EP89123100A EP89123100A EP0384023B1 EP 0384023 B1 EP0384023 B1 EP 0384023B1 EP 89123100 A EP89123100 A EP 89123100A EP 89123100 A EP89123100 A EP 89123100A EP 0384023 B1 EP0384023 B1 EP 0384023B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cells
support plate
plate according
wall sections
drainage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89123100A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0384023A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Steinbronn
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to AT89123100T priority Critical patent/ATE104392T1/de
Publication of EP0384023A1 publication Critical patent/EP0384023A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
    • E04D11/002—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings consisting of two or more layers, at least one of the layers permitting turfing of the roof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/254—Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a support plate for green roofs, which consists of a substantially water-impermeable material, the plate having at least partially separated by partition walls for storing water, and drainage devices which are arranged on the cells, the cells being a substantially uniform Have wall thickness and form a coherent network.
  • Such a carrier plate is known from EP-A-0 266 701.
  • the cells have an essentially uniform wall thickness, at least in a horizontal sectional plane, and form a coherent network.
  • the known plate already has a relatively large cell volume. However, this free volume is filled with foam and each of the cells has a drainage opening on its underside through which excess water is to drain.
  • the foam material hinders the rapid absorption of large amounts of water, for example in the event of sudden and violent rain showers, so that there is a risk that the water, which cannot penetrate the foam quickly enough, will flow off quickly at the top and top of the plate and washed the substrate. This danger is all the greater since the top of the foam fillings is said to be flush with the plate surface according to the cited document.
  • the substrate can then be partially washed away and rinsed, or at least leached out, so that the green roof plants find a poorer hold and a poorer supply of nutrients.
  • the water storage capacity of such carrier plates is relatively low.
  • the sponge material has a small, albeit small, volume, and on the other hand, a sponge that is completely soaked with water also loses most of the water stored in it in a relatively short time, which sinks down due to the force of gravity in the sponge material and through the soil the drainage opening arranged in the cell can run off.
  • the sponge material After just a few hours, but at the latest after a day or two, the sponge material is practically dry on the top and in the upper area and at most still stores small amounts of water in the area near the floor, but not or only through A small amount of evaporation can reach the plants that need it.
  • DE-A-37 12 867 relates to another type of panel, the panel being formed from a thermoformed plastic film which has very poor thermal insulation properties.
  • the material has a very thin wall thickness and, despite a comparatively high hardness, only a low load-bearing capacity due to this thin wall thickness.
  • the hard material can damage the underlying roof skin, so that not all types of roof skin materials are suitable for the support of such a water trap made of a hard plastic material.
  • these plates are filled with expanded clay or the like.
  • the water storage capacity of such plates on the market is only about four liters per square meter, so it is relatively low; but above all, the thermal insulation capacity of such panels is almost negligible.
  • the object of the present invention is to optimize the water storage capacity and the load capacity together with the thermal insulation capacity of such roof panels. It should be taken into account that the requirement for high water storage capacity generally runs counter to the load-bearing capacity and thermal insulation capacity, unless the panels could be made as thick as desired, which is undesirable for green roofs on the one hand for cost reasons and on the other hand for aesthetic reasons . In addition, good drainability of the plate must be ensured, that is, excess water must be able to be drained off quickly and safely without the substrate lying on the plates being leached out, washed or even washed away.
  • Such a plate has a high water storage capacity, furthermore excess water can drain through at least partially provided overflows or drainage channels and finally this plate also has very good thermal insulation properties, since it is closed on the underside, i.e. the water is not, at least not in the area of everyone Cell comes into contact with the roof membrane. Due to the network-like arrangement, the cells can absorb a relatively large amount of water without the mechanical stability of the plate being significantly impaired by this storage capacity.
  • the ratio of free cross-section to the total area of the plate can be made significantly more favorable, ie larger, without thereby affecting the mechanical stability of the plate becomes.
  • the design of the panels according to the invention makes it possible, with the same storage capacity for water, either to make the panels thicker and thus to improve the ability of the panels for thermal insulation or to reduce the overall thickness of the panels with the same thermal insulation, which saves material and makes the roof overlay less thick overall.
  • a network of walls or wall elements forming a group of individual cells is preferred, which do not form a simple rectangular pattern, since other network forms, with the same volume, have proven to be mechanically more stable. Nevertheless, a simple rectangular or square network is already a useful embodiment.
  • the volumes of the individual cells are essentially the same. Given the same depth and vertical walls of the cells, this means that the free cross-sectional areas, measured parallel to the plate plane, are essentially the same. Such a uniform design of the individual cells on the one hand prevents weak spots in the area of very large cells, but also unnecessary reinforcements in the area of very small cells.
  • the shape of the individual cells is largely arbitrary. Networks are conceivable in which all cells have essentially the same shape or in which there is a fixed number of different cell shapes, but which are always repeated within a group.
  • the shape of the cells at the edge of a group differs from the shape of the cells inside the network or the group forming the network.
  • An embodiment of the invention is preferred in which the inner region of the network consists of hexagons strung together in a row. All hexagons should have the same shape and be at least mirror-symmetrical with respect to two planes perpendicular to the plate surface and parallel to the plate edges.
  • At least some of the cell walls have an overflow in the area of their respective upper edge either to a neighboring cell or to a drainage channel.
  • a Overflow prevents the water from rising above the edge of the cells during heavy rainfall or excessive watering of the plates and soaking the filter material and the substrate thereon too much.
  • a uniform filling of all cells is achieved if these cells are arranged with one another via appropriately arranged overflows are connected.
  • Such an overflow expediently has the shape of a groove running through the upper edge of a partition. If the plates are arranged on inclined surfaces, care should be taken to ensure that cells lying one below the other in the direction of the roof gradient are connected to one another by an overflow.
  • drainage channels arranged on the underside of the plate are provided, which run below a row of wall sections which are essentially aligned one behind the other.
  • Such drainage channels are also known in the conventional plates. While drainage channels are provided on the top of the plates, in which excess water runs out of the cells, these drainage channels are in turn connected to the drainage channels mentioned, which have a larger capacity and also in heavy rainfall, through holes which extend through the plate thickness reliably discharge any water. In the area of such drainage channels, of course, the thickness of the slab floor is reduced, which has a disadvantageous effect on the thermal insulation.
  • a network design is generally preferred in which the walls of the cells consist of straight wall sections, and in particular one in which at least some of these wall sections are at an angle from Is 90 ° different, merges into adjacent wall sections.
  • the cells can have curved wall sections.
  • An embodiment in which the network consists of circular cells and cells formed by separated circular spaces has proven to be very useful.
  • the centers of the circles preferably form either a triangular grid or a rectangular or a square grid.
  • the cells formed by circular gaps can arise from the fact that the wall sections of adjacent circular cells touch each other.
  • the wall sections of different circular cells can also be spaced apart from one another and in each case connected at their opposite points by essentially straight wall elements.
  • a suitable choice of constant wall thicknesses can ensure that the cross-sectional area of the circular cells essentially corresponds to that of the cells formed in the spaces between the circles.
  • the wall portions of the cells should be vertical.
  • the plate 1 according to Figures 1 to 3 consists of a plate bottom 15, on the top of which with the bottom 15 integral vertical walls 10 or wall sections 2, 2 'extend.
  • the plate has in the area of an outer wall on its underside at two edges connected by a corner, in which a projection 8 provided on the two other edges corresponding neighboring plates engages, so that several plates overlap to one another in the area of the recesses and projections Area can be merged.
  • a tongue and groove connection would also be conceivable.
  • the insertion dimension of the plate according to Figure 1 is 1 m x 1.25 m.
  • the plate has the aforementioned peripheral outer wall 10 and is divided by partitions 10 'into four equal rectangular fields, each containing a group of 37 cells. 19 cells on the inside all have the same hexagonal shape and the same volume, while the cells 13 on the edge have a different shape and a smaller volume than the inner cells, adapting to the predetermined rectangular frame.
  • the longer edge should run parallel to the roof gradient.
  • the cells 3 then lying one below the other in the direction of inclination are each connected to one another by an overflow 4, so that none of the cells can overflow on their upper side.
  • the lower one of such a row of cells is also connected via an overflow to a drainage channel 5, through which the water is drained through drainage openings 11 into drainage channels 5 'below.
  • Corresponding overflows are not shown at the lower edge of the plate, but can also be provided here.
  • two further drainage channels 5 ' are arranged under the cell fields of the plate and in such a way that they run essentially under a series of zigzag-shaped along a line aligned wall elements 2, so that in this area the remaining material thickness of the floor or between the upper and lower free area of the carrier plate is reduced only at isolated points, so that the thermal insulation ability is not significantly impaired. If roofs are provided with such support plates for greening, then a certain proportion of the thermal insulation otherwise prescribed for the roof can be dispensed with; the other thermal insulation layer of the roof can therefore be made thinner.
  • the pattern of the drainage channels 5 'and the drainage openings 11, which connect the drainage channels 5 at the top of the plate to the drainage channels 5', is shown in FIG.
  • the free cross section of the cells 3 is more than 55% of the total area of the plate 1. In relation to a group of cells 3 enclosed by the outer walls 10 and the intermediate walls 10 ', the free cross section of the cells 3 is even over 70%. of the total area share.
  • the wall thickness can also be selected to be smaller, so that the area or volume fraction of the cells becomes even larger.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show two further network designs which also implement the inventive concept.
  • Cells with a circular cross-section alternate with cells or rows of such cells formed by circular gaps.
  • the center points of the circular cells lie on a triangular grid, while in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 they lie on a square grid.
  • cells 3 ⁇ are formed in addition to the circular cells 3 ', which have partially curved wall sections 12 and partially straight wall sections 12'.
  • the circular cells could also be moved so close together that their outer wall sections touch, so that the straight wall sections 12 'could be omitted.
  • Such networks of cells could of course also be integrated into a rectangular frame, similar to the hexagonal network.
  • the individual cells can also be connected to one another by overflows not shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the hexagons forming the cells 3 are not equilateral hexagons, but that in these hexagons two opposite sides 2 'are slightly longer than the other sides 2.
  • the sides 2' are those which, when laid on sloping roofs, run essentially horizontally, ie parallel to the shorter panel edge. This special design is related to the optimization of the carrier plate with regard to a good storage capacity for water.

Claims (16)

  1. Plaque porteuse pour gazonner un toit, laquelle est constituée d'un matériau isolant à la chaleur, la plaque (1) présentant au moins en partie des cellules séparées (3, 3', 3'') par des parois (2, 2' ; 12, 12') pour le stockage de l'eau, de même que des dispositifs de drainage (4, 5, 5'), lesquels sont disposés sur les cellules, les cellules (3, 3', 3'') présentant une épaisseur de paroi régulière et formant un réseau continu, caractérisée en ce que les cellules sont fermées sur leur base inférieure, en ce qu'au moins une partie des parois des cellules présente au niveau de leurs contours supérieurs un trop-plein (4) relié à une cellule voisine ou à une gouttière de drainage (5) et en ce que des canaux de drainage (5') disposés sur la face inférieure de la plaque sont agencés sous une suite de tronçons (2) de paroi alignés pour l'essentiel les uns derrière les autres et sont reliés aux gouttières (5) de drainage disposées sur la face supérieure de la plaque par des orifices de drainage (11).
  2. Plaque porteuse selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les gouttières de drainage sont placées pour l'essentiel directement à la surface de l'agencement des tronçons de paroi.
  3. Plaque porteuse selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les cellules (13) en bordure du groupe des autres cellules (3, 3', 3'') présentent des formes anormales.
  4. Plaque porteuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les parois se composent de tronçons de paroi plans (2, 2').
  5. Plaque porteuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les parois sont agencées perpendiculairement aux cellules.
  6. Plaque porteuse selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une partie des tronçons de paroi (2, 2') présente un angle de raccordement aux tronçons de paroi adjacents (2, 2') différent de 90°.
  7. Plaque porteuse selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins la zone intérieure du réseau (7) se compose d'hexagones recouvrant la surface rangés séparément les uns des autres.
  8. Plaque porteuse selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que les hexagones sont analogues, perpendiculaires aux deux surfaces de la plaque et symétriques par rapport aux plans parallèles aux arêtes de la plaque.
  9. Plaque porteuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 caractérisée en ce qu'une partie au moins des parois d'une cellule présente au niveau de leurs contours supérieurs un trop-plein (4) relié à une cellule (3, 3', 3'') voisine ou à un dispositif de drainage (5).
  10. Plaque porteuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que des canaux de drainage (5') disposés sur la face inférieure de la plaque (6) sont agencés sous une suite de tronçons de paroi (2) alignés pour l'essentiel les uns derrière les autres.
  11. Plaque porteuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une partie des cellules (3', 3'') présente des tronçons de paroi courbés (12).
  12. Plaque porteuse selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que le réseau (7) est constitué de cellules (3', 3'') de forme circulaire séparées par des parois circulaires.
  13. Plaque porteuse selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que les centres des cercles des cellules forment une grille de triangles.
  14. Plaque porteuse selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que les centres des cercles des cellules forment une grille de rectangles.
  15. Plaque porteuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 14, caractérisée en ce que les tronçons de paroi (12) sont en contact avec les cellules circulaires contigues (3').
  16. Plaque porteuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 14, caractérisée en ce que les tronçons de paroi (12) des différentes cellules de forme circulaire (3') se trouvent distants les uns des autres et ceux de cellules se trouvant à proximité sont reliés entre eux pour l'essentiel directement avec des entretoises.
EP89123100A 1989-02-23 1989-12-14 Plaque porteuse pour gazonner un toit Expired - Lifetime EP0384023B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89123100T ATE104392T1 (de) 1989-02-23 1989-12-14 Traegerplatte fuer dachbegruenungen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3905522 1989-02-23
DE3905522A DE3905522A1 (de) 1989-02-23 1989-02-23 Traegerplatte fuer dachbegruenungen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0384023A1 EP0384023A1 (fr) 1990-08-29
EP0384023B1 true EP0384023B1 (fr) 1994-04-13

Family

ID=6374709

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89123100A Expired - Lifetime EP0384023B1 (fr) 1989-02-23 1989-12-14 Plaque porteuse pour gazonner un toit

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0384023B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE104392T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3905522A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9203706U1 (fr) * 1991-06-07 1992-05-07 Prestele, Eugen, 8900 Augsburg, De
DE9107513U1 (fr) * 1991-06-18 1991-09-26 Ritter, Frank Georg, 8900 Augsburg, De
DE9401791U1 (de) * 1994-02-03 1995-01-12 Kienle Alexander Dachbegrünungswabe
WO1996011313A1 (fr) * 1994-10-05 1996-04-18 Institut Für Entwicklung Und Forschung Dr. Vielberth Kg Toit de batiment pourvu d'au moins un element de retenue de l'eau et element de retenue de l'eau pour toit de batiment de ce type
DE19518200A1 (de) * 1994-10-05 1996-10-10 Vielberth Inst Entw & Forsch Gebäudedach mit wenigstens einem Wasserrückhalteelement sowie Wasserrückhalteelement für ein solches Gebäudedach
DE29810512U1 (de) * 1998-06-16 1999-07-15 Siegmann Dachbegrünung für Häuser

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2755958C2 (de) * 1977-12-15 1984-07-12 Walter 7441 Unterensingen Zink Bepflanzbares Dach und Schaumkunststoffplatte hierfür
DE3045390A1 (de) * 1980-12-02 1982-06-03 Walter 7441 Unterensingen Zink Platte fuer die bepflanzung von daechern und gartenanlagen
DE3535448A1 (de) * 1985-10-04 1987-04-09 Hans Steinbronn Traegerplatte fuer pflanzsubstrat zur dachbegruenung
JPS63105616A (ja) * 1986-10-23 1988-05-10 永松　睦雄 芝生等の植物植栽用土
DE3637463A1 (de) * 1986-11-04 1988-05-11 Kirchner Fraenk Rohr Substratanordnung zur dachbegruenung sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu deren herstellung
DE3712867C2 (de) * 1987-04-15 1994-02-17 Rieco Begruenungssysteme Gmbh Unterlage für die Pflanzschicht einer Dachbegrünung
DE3728470A1 (de) * 1987-08-26 1989-03-09 Freudenberg Carl Fa Erosionsgeschuetzter pflanzentraeger
DE8901937U1 (fr) * 1989-02-18 1989-06-01 Zink, Walter, 7441 Unterensingen, De

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58907466D1 (de) 1994-05-19
DE3905522A1 (de) 1990-08-30
ATE104392T1 (de) 1994-04-15
EP0384023A1 (fr) 1990-08-29

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