EP0373450A1 - Verfahren und Regenerator zum Aufheizen von Gasen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Regenerator zum Aufheizen von Gasen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0373450A1
EP0373450A1 EP89122226A EP89122226A EP0373450A1 EP 0373450 A1 EP0373450 A1 EP 0373450A1 EP 89122226 A EP89122226 A EP 89122226A EP 89122226 A EP89122226 A EP 89122226A EP 0373450 A1 EP0373450 A1 EP 0373450A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
regenerator
heat
gas
heat transfer
gases
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89122226A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans-Georg Dr. rer nat. Fassbinder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kloeckner CRA Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Kloeckner CRA Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kloeckner CRA Patent GmbH filed Critical Kloeckner CRA Patent GmbH
Publication of EP0373450A1 publication Critical patent/EP0373450A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
    • C21B9/14—Preheating the combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
    • F28D17/005—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles using granular particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a regenerator for heating gases, the heat carrier being alternately first heated and then this energy stored by the heat carriers being used to heat cold gases.
  • the principle of regenerative gas heating is known and is used in various fields in industry.
  • the hot wind for the blast furnace operation in winder heaters (Cowpern) is heated to a temperature of approx. 1200 ° C using this method.
  • the heat energy from the combustion of blast furnace gas is transferred to the grate of its refractory trim in the chimney of the gas heater, and after the heating-up phase has been completed, cold air is blown through the heated grille and heated with the stored heat.
  • the lattice chambers for Siemens Martin and glass trough ovens also use the same method.
  • regenerators For the continuous heating of cold gases, at least two regenerators are required, in accordance with the method of operation described, one of which is heated and thus stores heat, while the second gives off the stored heat to the blown-in, cold gases and thereby heats them up.
  • the heat transfer deteriorates, and accordingly the temperature rise of the combustion gases for heating the heat storage masonry increases compared to the attainable wind temperature.
  • a flame temperature of around 150 ° C is required in the heating phase. This flame temperature can no longer be reached with the blast furnace gas emitted by the blast furnace, and therefore an additional combustion of rich gas, e.g. Natural gas, necessary and common.
  • a known way to improve the thermal efficiency of the regenerators is to significantly increase the surface of the heat storage body.
  • There are a number of proposals for this. With a particular The effective way to get closer to this goal is to replace the grid wall with a suitable bulk material with an approximately uniform grain size.
  • pellets made of refractory materials can be used.
  • a regenerator with a corresponding bed of heat storage bodies with an egg-shaped or spherical shape in a diameter range of 5 to 15 mm allows the surface area that is effective for heat exchange to be increased compared to a lattice wall to such an extent that the temperature difference between the flame or the Exhaust gas in the heating phase and the heated gas in the gas heating phase is only low and is around 10 ° C.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method for heating gases, and a corresponding regenerator that allows gas heating without the disadvantages of the known systems, and in particular the advantages of lower heat losses with increased heat transfer through large heat exchange surfaces in a uniform bed of Has heat transfer media with a relatively low pressure drop for the gases flowing through.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that there is a loose bed of the heat transfer medium between at least two coaxially and equidistantly arranged grates, and that this bed in the heating phase of the regenerator with the hot gas from the inside out and in the gas heating phase vice versa with the cold Gas flows from outside to inside.
  • the method according to the invention has a number of advantages over the known processes in regenerative hot gas generation, both in terms of heat technology and in the construction of corresponding systems.
  • the heat loss due to the significantly smaller heat flow to the outer wall of the regenerator is reduced, since the high temperature areas are in its center and the outer wall only comes into contact with cold gases.
  • this results in improved thermal efficiency and, on the other hand, significant advantages in the construction of the regenerator through savings in steel requirements and the refractory lining due to reduced dimensions and lower temperature bean compared to the known systems with the same heating output, ie gas throughput and gas temperature.
  • the method according to the invention surprisingly produces very uniform hot gas temperatures and consequently renders appropriate temperature control superfluous in many applications.
  • the flue gas temperature can be expected to vary between 20 ° C and 40 ° C.
  • a relatively small temperature difference between the heat carriers and the gases is required. This applies both to the heating of the heat transfer medium itself and to the final temperature of the gases to be heated, for example air.
  • the heat transfer media in the regenerator could be heated with blast furnace gas, which has a calorific value of approx. 750 kcal / Nm3, and a resulting flame temperature of approx. 1200 ° C.
  • blast furnace gas which has a calorific value of approx. 750 kcal / Nm3, and a resulting flame temperature of approx. 1200 ° C.
  • the same heating temperatures can be achieved with the operating values mentioned when heating other gases, for example nitrogen, argon, with oxygen-enriched air, oxygen and fuel gases.
  • the regenerator according to the invention in which heat carriers are first alternately heated and then this energy stored by the heat carriers is used to heat cold gases, is distinguished by the fact that it has a hot gas collecting space centrally around the axis of symmetry, which is formed by a first inner grate , and at least one further outer grate arranged equidistant from the inner grate, a gas collecting space being located between this outer grate and the regenerator outer wall, and the gases flowing radially through the bed of the heat transfer medium arranged between the grates.
  • the heat transfer media similar to the trim on a hot water heater, consist of loose bodies with an approximately uniform grain size. By pouring these heat transfer media between the equidistant grates, the layer thickness in the flow direction of the gases is uniformly thick. In the regenerator according to the invention, the heat transfer media cannot move even under the influence of the flow, and thus there is no risk of gas breakthrough, for example caused by locally exceeding the swirl point.
  • the free volume between the heat carriers and also in the hot gas and gas collecting space is relatively small, and accordingly there are only slight gas losses when switching from the heating phase to the gas heating phase.
  • the heat transfer media can be replaced during operation.
  • appropriate sockets or flanges on the top and bottom On the other side of the bed, it is possible to refill the heat transfer medium on one side and remove it on the opposite side.
  • the regenerator often has only a uniform bed of one type of heat transfer medium, which is arranged between an inner and an outer grate. However, it is also within the scope of the invention to use more than two coaxial grids and thus to produce a plurality of coaxial annular spaces.
  • the same heat transfer medium is preferably used between two adjacent grates. However, it is possible to use different fillings of heat transfer media from annulus to annulus. For example, between two grates on the hot inner side of the regenerator, high-temperature-resistant ceramic balls, for example made of corundum, and less expensive heat carriers made of, for example, mullite and / or chamotte can be used on the colder side.
  • the total fill can be divided into two or more layers not only from a cost point of view, but also for operational, especially thermal, reasons. Both the material and the size and shape of the heat transfer medium can be varied according to the invention.
  • the grids of the regenerator according to the invention can be made of the same, but preferably different, materials.
  • the inner, hot-side grate can be made of refractory material, such as refractory bricks with corresponding gas channels
  • the outer, cold-side grate can be made of metal, such as steel, scale-resistant steel or cast iron.
  • the material must be selected according to the temperature load. head Ceramic or metal materials are mainly used.
  • An essential feature of the invention is to build up the bulk of the heat transfer medium with a uniform thickness and to allow the gases to flow through it in the radial direction. This characteristic also applies when the heat transfer bed is divided into several layers.
  • Ceramic materials of different qualities for example based on corundum, mullite, fireclay, magnesia, chromium oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide and any mixtures thereof, have proven themselves as materials for the heat transfer medium, as have metal materials.
  • the heat transfer materials should be selected according to their temperature stress.
  • the shape of the heat transfer medium according to the invention is arbitrary, but shapes corresponding to the economical and expedient production, such as are produced, for example, when pelletizing and briquetting, in particular for ceramic materials, can be preferred. Geometrically, these are essentially egg shapes or spheres. However, fillings from any gap and fracture structures can also be used.
  • the method according to the invention and the regenerator according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in the smelting reduction of iron ore, the electric melt and the blast furnace.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically the cross section through a regenerator according to the invention.
  • This regenerator consists of an outer sheet metal jacket 1 of approximately spherical shape. Although the external shape of the regenerator is insignificant and can therefore take any shape, in practice, more for manufacturing reasons, shapes such as standing cylinders, balls or superimposed double-cone frustum with and without a cylindrical intermediate piece have proven their worth.
  • the cylindrical outer grate 2 with circular and / or slit-shaped openings. Between this grate 2 and the outer sheet steel casing 1 there is the annular gas collecting space 3 for the cold gas.
  • the inner grate 4 is made of refractory stones with corresponding gas passage channels.
  • the coaxial arrangement of the two gratings 2 and 4 ensures the same distance between these two grids for the intermediate space 5 over the entire circumference.
  • This space 5 with an annular cross section receives the heat transfer medium 6, for example pellets made of ceramic material.
  • the hot gas chamber 7 with a circular cross section is located in the center of the regenerator. At the lower end of this hot gas space 7, the hot exhaust gases generated in the burner 8 flow in during the heating phase of the regenerator.
  • the burner 8 is accessible via the vessel lid 9.
  • the hot combustion gases flow from the hot gas space 7 through the grate 4 and through the bed from the heat carriers 6 into the room 5, further through the grate 2 into the gas collecting space 3.
  • the gases On their way through the bed of the heat carriers 6, the gases have cooled and reach the gas collecting space 3 approximately at normal temperature. they leave the gas collecting space and thus the regenerator through the connector 10.
  • compressed gas flows through the nozzle 11 into the gas collecting space 3, further through the grate 2 and the bed of heat carriers 6 in the space 5, over the inner grate 4 into the hot gas space 7.
  • the gases on the heated ones Heat carriers 6 are heated and leave the regenerator via the connector 12.
  • the openings 13 and 14, which can be closed with flanges, can be seen on the regenerator vessel.
  • the heat transfer medium 6 can be drained from the space 5 and simultaneously refilled through the openings 13 via the connecting piece 14 during operation or maintenance and repair times. It is accordingly possible to replace the entire filling of the heat transfer medium 6 in space 5 discontinuously or continuously.
  • the grate and heat transfer materials can be tailored to the temperature requirements.
  • the shape of the regenerator can also be modified according to its use, but the principle of radial flow through the heat transfer medium should be retained.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP89122226A 1988-12-10 1989-12-01 Verfahren und Regenerator zum Aufheizen von Gasen Withdrawn EP0373450A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3841708A DE3841708C1 (es) 1988-12-10 1988-12-10
DE3841708 1988-12-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0373450A1 true EP0373450A1 (de) 1990-06-20

Family

ID=6368926

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89122226A Withdrawn EP0373450A1 (de) 1988-12-10 1989-12-01 Verfahren und Regenerator zum Aufheizen von Gasen

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5052918A (es)
EP (1) EP0373450A1 (es)
JP (1) JP2509350B2 (es)
KR (1) KR0131200B1 (es)
CN (1) CN1016993B (es)
AU (1) AU624450B2 (es)
DE (1) DE3841708C1 (es)
HU (1) HU206745B (es)
MX (1) MX171490B (es)
SU (1) SU1739857A3 (es)
ZA (1) ZA899382B (es)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4108744C1 (en) * 1991-03-18 1992-08-27 Atz Energie Umwelt Stroemungstechnik Gas heating jacketed regenerator with heat storage medium - has central chamber surrounded by layer of pebbles or granular material
DE4236619A1 (de) * 1992-10-29 1994-05-05 Air Liquide Verfahren und Regenerator zum Aufheizen von Gasen
EP0611270A1 (fr) * 1993-02-10 1994-08-17 DISTRIGAZ Société anonyme dite: Dispositif de réchauffage d'un fluide gazeux
WO2014082716A1 (de) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Saarstahl Ag Verfahren zum betrieb eines regenerators (pebble heater) sowie regenerator selbst

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5419388A (en) * 1994-05-31 1995-05-30 Fluidyne Engineering Corporation Regenerative heat exchanger system and an operating method for the same
EP0892078B1 (de) * 1997-07-18 2002-09-18 Didier-M & P Energietechnik GmbH Gitterrost für einen Winderhitzer
DE19744387C1 (de) * 1997-10-08 1999-04-29 Atz Evus Applikations & Tech Vorrichtung zum Spannungsabbau in radialdurchströmten Schüttgutregeneratoren
US6631754B1 (en) * 2000-03-14 2003-10-14 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Regenerative heat exchanger and method for heating a gas therewith
KR100463550B1 (ko) * 2003-01-14 2004-12-29 엘지전자 주식회사 냉난방시스템
DE102010047025A1 (de) * 2010-09-30 2012-04-05 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Aufstellung eines Regelorgans zur Kontrolle des Gasdruckes einer Koksofenkammer ohne dehnungsbedingte Abweichung der Regelanordnung
GB2485836A (en) 2010-11-27 2012-05-30 Alstom Technology Ltd Turbine bypass system
DE102012016142B3 (de) 2012-08-08 2013-10-17 Saarstahl Ag Heißwindlanze mit einem am Heißwindaustritt angeordneten Düsenstein
CN103032961B (zh) * 2012-12-20 2015-07-15 北京航空航天大学 一种防掉渣高温高压纯净空气蓄热式加热系统
CN103901134A (zh) * 2014-04-15 2014-07-02 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 一种烟草贫氧燃烧hcn释放量的测量装置
CN105318758A (zh) * 2014-07-04 2016-02-10 陕西科弘厨房工程设备有限公司 导热油/刚玉球双介质储热装置
CN107990760A (zh) * 2017-12-30 2018-05-04 肖英佳 安全无水民用散热器
CN110553527A (zh) * 2019-07-23 2019-12-10 周昊 一种多层填充床储热装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL298230A (es) * 1900-01-01
US2272108A (en) * 1940-01-19 1942-02-03 Research Corp Regenerative stove
US3378244A (en) * 1966-01-12 1968-04-16 Dresser Ind Pebble heat exchanger
DE2419778A1 (de) * 1974-02-25 1975-09-04 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Regenerativwaermetauscher fuer gase
FR2473695A1 (fr) * 1980-01-09 1981-07-17 Pechiney Aluminium Echangeur-recuperateur de chaleur a inversion de cycle et application a la recuperation de chaleur dans les fumees de fours a flammes

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2751621C2 (de) * 1977-11-18 1986-08-21 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Winderhitzer
JPS56130528A (en) * 1980-03-18 1981-10-13 Kikuko Kobayashi Heat accumulating device
US4604051A (en) * 1984-08-16 1986-08-05 Gas Research Institute Regenerative burner
GB2170584B (en) * 1985-02-04 1988-02-17 British Gas Plc Regenerative heating systems
EP0266463A1 (en) * 1986-11-04 1988-05-11 British Gas plc A regenerator for a regenerative heating system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL298230A (es) * 1900-01-01
US2272108A (en) * 1940-01-19 1942-02-03 Research Corp Regenerative stove
US3378244A (en) * 1966-01-12 1968-04-16 Dresser Ind Pebble heat exchanger
DE2419778A1 (de) * 1974-02-25 1975-09-04 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Regenerativwaermetauscher fuer gase
FR2473695A1 (fr) * 1980-01-09 1981-07-17 Pechiney Aluminium Echangeur-recuperateur de chaleur a inversion de cycle et application a la recuperation de chaleur dans les fumees de fours a flammes

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SOVIET INVENTIONS ILLUSTRATED, Woche K15, 25. Mai 1983, Sektion Mechanical, Zusammenfassung Nr. E9756, Derwent Publications Ltd, London, GB; & SU-A-932 189 (METAL HEAT TECHN. RE.) 30-05-1982 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4108744C1 (en) * 1991-03-18 1992-08-27 Atz Energie Umwelt Stroemungstechnik Gas heating jacketed regenerator with heat storage medium - has central chamber surrounded by layer of pebbles or granular material
DE4236619A1 (de) * 1992-10-29 1994-05-05 Air Liquide Verfahren und Regenerator zum Aufheizen von Gasen
WO1994010519A1 (fr) * 1992-10-29 1994-05-11 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procede et regenerateur pour le rechauffage de gaz
US5547016A (en) * 1992-10-29 1996-08-20 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for heating a gas in a regenerator
US5690164A (en) * 1992-10-29 1997-11-25 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and regenerator for heating a gas
EP0611270A1 (fr) * 1993-02-10 1994-08-17 DISTRIGAZ Société anonyme dite: Dispositif de réchauffage d'un fluide gazeux
WO2014082716A1 (de) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Saarstahl Ag Verfahren zum betrieb eines regenerators (pebble heater) sowie regenerator selbst

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU896446D0 (en) 1990-02-28
CN1043198A (zh) 1990-06-20
HUT56142A (en) 1991-07-29
ZA899382B (en) 1990-08-29
AU624450B2 (en) 1992-06-11
US5052918A (en) 1991-10-01
AU4567289A (en) 1990-07-19
CN1016993B (zh) 1992-06-10
JP2509350B2 (ja) 1996-06-19
KR0131200B1 (ko) 1998-04-15
MX171490B (es) 1993-10-29
JPH02272256A (ja) 1990-11-07
DE3841708C1 (es) 1989-12-28
SU1739857A3 (ru) 1992-06-07
HU206745B (en) 1992-12-28
KR900010008A (ko) 1990-07-06

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