EP0344505B1 - Holz-Schalungstträger - Google Patents

Holz-Schalungstträger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0344505B1
EP0344505B1 EP89108677A EP89108677A EP0344505B1 EP 0344505 B1 EP0344505 B1 EP 0344505B1 EP 89108677 A EP89108677 A EP 89108677A EP 89108677 A EP89108677 A EP 89108677A EP 0344505 B1 EP0344505 B1 EP 0344505B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
web
groove
grooves
spreading
strip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89108677A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0344505A1 (de
Inventor
Herbert Vogel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT89108677T priority Critical patent/ATE70584T1/de
Publication of EP0344505A1 publication Critical patent/EP0344505A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0344505B1 publication Critical patent/EP0344505B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/14—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
    • E04G11/50—Girders, beams, or the like as supporting members for forms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wooden or formwork girder with two spars which are spaced apart by a web, the spars on the mutually facing sides having approximately dovetail-shaped grooves in cross section and the web on its narrow sides insertable into these grooves having at least one slit-shaped recess, which in the use position in the interior of the dovetail-shaped grooves by a bar or the like that penetrates into the slot when inserted into the slots, tapers in cross-section tapering towards the inside of the slot and can thereby be positively fixed within the dovetail-shaped groove, preferably the contact areas between the grooves of the spars and the web are sealed with glue or the like.
  • Such a wooden support is known from FR-A-2373654 with the restriction that the bar used for spreading out does not consist of wood but of metal.
  • this strip is T-shaped in cross-section and is attached with its widened flange to the bottom of the groove within the spar with anchoring tips.
  • the spreader bar thus forms a fixed and immovable part of these spars before the final assembly of the web within the spars.
  • This gives rise to the problem that the different materials react differently in the case of thermal expansions and thus tensions from this strip and its Anchoring can be transferred to the spar.
  • the penetration of the anchoring tips into the wooden spar can have a splitting effect on this spar and thus weaken it.
  • a comparable carrier is shown in DE-PS 3210928, the web to be inserted between the spars being of two-shell construction and being held together only in its central region, so that the spaced-apart webs can spring apart well in the edge regions.
  • the parts that spring apart are conical in cross-section and taper towards the edges, while the corresponding two grooves in the spars have corresponding shapes.
  • the spreader bar which is provided in one piece on the spar, has a relatively large thickness, but nevertheless cannot prevent the parts from becoming detached again if the gluing is faulty or has not yet set. Furthermore, the special shape on the edges of the web on the one hand and on the spars on the other hand must be regarded as complex.
  • the spreading strip is a separate part that can be moved within the groove or at the bottom of the groove, independently of the spar web. If the web with its slit-shaped recesses is pressed into the dovetail-shaped groove of the spar and pushed onto the spreader bar striking the base of the groove, it is not only deformed accordingly in the form of a dovetail, but is also jammed with the spreader bar due to the spreading forces and the deformation.
  • a further possible embodiment of the invention of considerable importance or of its own worthy of protection may consist in the spreading strip being made of other materials in particular harder material than the spar, preferably made of hardwood, plastic or the like.
  • Non-shrinking and / or non-swelling material This is not possible with a spreader bar made in one piece with the spar, if the entire spar is not to be made of such an expensive and complex material.
  • the spar can be made of inexpensive and, under certain circumstances, softer material and still secure and good jamming can be achieved with the spreader bar, without this changing its properties over time and thus its holding function that supports the gluing well.
  • such a wooden formwork beam can be removed from a tensioning device much earlier in its manufacture than such a beam, in which the gluing must first harden or dry, since the separate spreading strip generates a sufficiently good holding force from the outset in order to to allow the glue to set and harden securely even when the beam is stretched out. This means that production can be accelerated and made cheaper.
  • the height of the wedge-shaped cross-section corresponds to the depth of the front slots of the webs and at the same time at least the depth of the dovetail-shaped groove of the bars.
  • the spreader bar extends over the entire insertion depth of the groove, so that even the slightest tensile forces at the narrow entry opening of the groove lead to self-jamming. This could be reinforced if the wedge-shaped spreader bar were even slightly higher than the groove.
  • Another embodiment of the invention of its own worthy of protection which improves and simplifies the connection between the web and the spar and the risk of Blowing up of the web considerably reduced or even switched off by the spreader bar can consist in the fact that the edges of the webs have at least two parallel slots and a spreader bar is provided for each slot, which can be used separately and independently of the spar in these.
  • the spreading of the web edges serving to fill the dovetail-shaped groove cross-section is thus distributed over two slots, so that each slot has to be expanded less, but a corresponding cross-sectional enlargement of the slot and adaptation to the groove cross-sectional shape is nevertheless achieved.
  • two spreading strips for two adjacent edge slots at the transition from the facing flat sides to the narrow sides located in the use position on the groove base of the spars each have a right angle and the outer flat sides are inclined obliquely in a wedge shape at an acute angle . This results in a targeted spreading of the outer layers of the plate forming the web, while the area of this plate located between the two slots forms a uniform abutment over the entire cross-sectional height of the wedge-shaped strip.
  • a good adaptation of the surface areas of the webs located in the groove results if the sides of the spreading strip (s) facing the side walls of the dovetail groove correspond to the negative bevel of this groove wall.
  • the bridge of this wooden formwork or wooden beam can be made of Glulam is made of wood, the surfaces of the individual wood layers running parallel to the top of the web and the edge slots for the spreading strips can extend parallel to these wood layers. This results in an inexpensive manufacture of the webs, but the individual layers can still be prevented from bursting open if the spreading forces and spreading movements are each distributed over two parallel slots.
  • the spreads of the edges of the webs can thereby be kept small and yet the transmissible forces can be large if the angle of the cross section of the oblique side surface (s) of the wedge-shaped strip relative to the direction of insertion or to a perpendicular to the base of the groove is so pointed or small that in the event of a tensile load on the web from the groove between the strip and the edge slot in the outwardly narrowing groove there is an automatically increasing clamping force.
  • Such a clamping force results from the clamping of the spreading strip when spreading the or the edge-side slots of the webs, but the slot area of the web could slip off such a wedge again if the angle is too large. This can be ruled out by means of a correspondingly narrow angle, which at the same time also keeps the spreading forces low.
  • the angle of the cross section of the dovetail-shaped groove between the base of the groove and the side wall - and thus also the corresponding wedge angle of the expansion bar - can be approximately 80 to 89 °, preferably approximately 84 °, 85 ° or 86 °.
  • a combination of the features and measures described above results in a wooden girder, in which the bars with the spars are pressed immediately after pressing due to the separate spreading strips, corresponding clamps are produced so that an additionally provided gluing can harden and set without permanent clamping and pressing. If necessary, gluing can even be completely dispensed with.
  • a subsequent deterioration of the connection due to a shrinkage of the spreader bar or swelling, which could lead to a cracking of the groove and thus also to a loosening of the connection, can be avoided in that the spreader bars are separate parts that can have corresponding material properties.
  • a wooden formwork beam 1 each shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 with a cross-sectional half has two spars 3 which are spaced apart by a web 2, one of which is shown in each case.
  • the crosspieces of the spars 3 each have an approximately dovetail-shaped groove 4 on the sides 3a facing one another, which can be seen particularly clearly in FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • the web 2 has on its narrow sides 2a insertable into these grooves 4 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 one, according to FIGS.
  • two slit-shaped recesses 5, which in the use position inside the dovetail-shaped grooves 4 by inserting into the grooves 4 in the slot 5 penetrating, in cross-section tapering to the interior of the slot 5 spreading bar 6 can be spread and thereby can be fixed in a form-fitting manner within the dovetail-shaped groove 4 according to FIGS. 2 and 4.
  • the narrow side 2a of the web 2 initially corresponds in its cross-sectional thickness to the width of the groove 4 at its entry on the upper side 3a of the spar 3, in the use position but then, due to the expansion bar 6 pressed into the slot 5, it has a considerably enlarged dimension, which fills the dovetail-shaped groove 4 and thus produces a positive connection.
  • the contact areas between the walls of the groove 4 of the spars 3 and the web 2 can additionally be sealed with glue in a manner not shown, and this connection can also be improved as a result.
  • the spreading strip 6 is a separate part which can be used independently of the spar 3 and the web 2. This is particularly evident in FIGS. 1 and 3. This results in jamming this spreader bar 6 within the slots 5, so that with a tensile force on the web 2 out of the spar 3, the desired resistance to a solution of such a connection is given, while in a spreader bar integrally connected to the spar 3 on the base of the groove, the two on both sides of the Slot 5 located leg of the web 2 could slip out of this groove again.
  • the spreading bar 6 can be made of harder and more resistant material than the spar, e.g. made of hardwood, plastic or another non-shrinking and / or non-swelling material. This results in a long-lasting connection that cannot be loosened by wetness or dryness, even if the gluing was absent or faulty or had weakened.
  • the height of the wedge-shaped cross-section strips 6 corresponds to the depth of the front slots 5 of the webs 2 on the one hand and on the other hand the depth of the dovetail grooves 4 of the spars 3. This ensures that the edges of the webs are spread apart 2 runs over the entire height of the groove. At the same time, the narrow insertion opening of the groove 4 also ensures that the web 2 is not blown open by the wedge-shaped strips 6.
  • the two spreading strips 6 for two adjacent edge slots 5 each have a right angle at the transition from the mutually facing flat sides 6a to the narrow sides 6b located in the use position on the groove base 4a of the spars 3; the outer flat sides 6c, however, are inclined obliquely in a wedge shape at an acute angle.
  • the area of the web 2 located between the two slots 5 is used as a full-area support over the entire groove height and is not subjected to any additional squeezing, while the web areas located on the outside of the slots 5 according to FIG. 4 are adapted to the dovetail shape of the groove 4 if the three parts are pressed together in the direction of arrow Pf1 (FIGS. 1 and 3).
  • the two expansion strips 6 of each edge connection of a web 2 with a spar 3 made of hardwood or plastic or the like can also exist in this case and lead to a permanent positive connection.
  • the angle of the cross section of the oblique side surfaces 6c of the wedge-shaped bar 6 both in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 and according to FIG. 1, which is formed with respect to the insertion direction according to arrow Pf1 or with respect to a perpendicular to the groove base 4a, is in the off exemplary embodiment so small and small that a tensile loading of the web from the groove 4 forms an increasing clamping force in the outwardly narrowing groove 4 against the arrow Pf1 between the strip 6 and the edge slot 5 in the groove 4 narrowing towards the outside, so that there is a certain self-locking or self-locking.
  • This contributes to the fact that the separate spreading strip 6 could follow this movement with such a pulling movement since it is not firmly and integrally connected to the groove and the spar, but is practically completely enclosed by the slot 5.
  • the web 2 can e.g. consist of glulam, the surfaces of the individual wood layers run parallel to the top of the web and the edge-side slots 5 for the expansion strips 6 extend parallel to these wood layers. Nevertheless, there is no fear of the individual layers being blown open by the strips 6, since the spreading practically takes place only when they are pressed into the groove and the narrowing of this groove on the upper side 3a of the spars compresses the remaining part of the webs 2.
  • the angle of the cross section of the dovetail-shaped groove 4 between the groove base 4a and the side wall is approximately 80 ° to 89 °, preferably approximately 84 °, 85 ° or 86 °.
  • parts of the web 2 penetrating into the groove 4 are spread out, for which purpose the spreading strips 6 expediently have corresponding helix angles.
  • a wooden girder preferably a wooden formwork girder 1 with two bars 3 spaced apart by a web 2, the bars 3 on the sides 3a facing one another in cross section approximately dovetail-shaped grooves 4 and the web on its narrow sides insertable into these grooves 4 2a one or two, optionally also have more slit-shaped recesses 5 which, in the use position, inside the dovetail-shaped grooves 4 by means of a strip which, when inserted into the grooves 4, penetrates into the slot 5 and can be pressed in, in cross-section tapers towards the inside of the slot 5, i.e. away from the bottom of the groove 4a 6 expandable and thereby positively fixed within the dovetail groove 4.
  • the contact areas between the grooves 4 of the bars 3 and the web 2 can be sealed with glue. It is essential that the spreading strip 6 or the spreading strips 6 are each a separate part which can be inserted and pressed in independently of the spar 3 and the web 2 and which therefore lead to self-jamming and prevent unwanted loosening movements even in the event of missing or defective gluing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP89108677A 1988-06-03 1989-05-13 Holz-Schalungstträger Expired - Lifetime EP0344505B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89108677T ATE70584T1 (de) 1988-06-03 1989-05-13 Holz-schalungsttraeger.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3818905 1988-06-03
DE3818905A DE3818905C1 (no) 1988-06-03 1988-06-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0344505A1 EP0344505A1 (de) 1989-12-06
EP0344505B1 true EP0344505B1 (de) 1991-12-18

Family

ID=6355773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89108677A Expired - Lifetime EP0344505B1 (de) 1988-06-03 1989-05-13 Holz-Schalungstträger

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0344505B1 (no)
AT (1) ATE70584T1 (no)
DE (2) DE3818905C1 (no)
DK (1) DK269389A (no)
ES (1) ES2028411T3 (no)
NO (1) NO892275L (no)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR980100147A (el) 1998-04-27 1999-12-31 *�65tF fs@ K@*66 0� f9 6* θ θs@ 5@s s * f@ 5 @tf0@Ν υ # f@*0θs@st 9 tfuθυθ @s#9f0
CZ29272U1 (cs) * 2015-12-15 2016-03-15 Ján Šivec Konstrukční nosník s dřevěnými pásnicemi a vyztuženou kompozitní stojinou
AU2020396289A1 (en) * 2019-12-07 2022-06-16 Peri Se Filler beam assembly

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4195462A (en) * 1975-03-14 1980-04-01 Wood I Systems, Inc. Fabricated wood structural member
US3991535A (en) * 1975-03-14 1976-11-16 Keller James R Pressed-in dovetail type joint
DE2649576C2 (de) * 1976-10-29 1985-06-05 Kurt Orban Co., Inc., Wayne, N.J. Holzträger
FR2373654A1 (fr) * 1976-12-07 1978-07-07 Allombert Georges Poutrelle en bois arme
US4249355A (en) * 1977-04-12 1981-02-10 Douglas E. Chatfield Modified dovetail joint
US4191000A (en) * 1978-02-27 1980-03-04 Timjoist, Inc. Wooden I-beam
DE3210928C2 (de) * 1982-03-25 1985-05-15 Michael 7437 Westerheim Moser I-förmiger Träger
US4638619A (en) * 1983-12-19 1987-01-27 Fischetti David C Wood I-joist and method of fabricating the same
US4967534A (en) * 1985-08-09 1990-11-06 Mitek Holding, Inc. Wood I-beams and methods of making same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3818905C1 (no) 1989-08-31
DK269389D0 (da) 1989-06-02
EP0344505A1 (de) 1989-12-06
ATE70584T1 (de) 1992-01-15
ES2028411T3 (es) 1992-07-01
DE58900580D1 (de) 1992-01-30
NO892275L (no) 1989-12-04
DK269389A (da) 1989-12-04
NO892275D0 (no) 1989-06-02

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