EP0342263A1 - Matelasseuse avec des surfaces de guidage pour le tissu - Google Patents
Matelasseuse avec des surfaces de guidage pour le tissu Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0342263A1 EP0342263A1 EP88108831A EP88108831A EP0342263A1 EP 0342263 A1 EP0342263 A1 EP 0342263A1 EP 88108831 A EP88108831 A EP 88108831A EP 88108831 A EP88108831 A EP 88108831A EP 0342263 A1 EP0342263 A1 EP 0342263A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- web
- machine according
- laying
- laying machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H45/00—Folding thin material
- B65H45/02—Folding limp material without application of pressure to define or form crease lines
- B65H45/06—Folding webs
- B65H45/10—Folding webs transversely
- B65H45/101—Folding webs transversely in combination with laying, i.e. forming a zig-zag pile
- B65H45/103—Folding webs transversely in combination with laying, i.e. forming a zig-zag pile by a carriage which reciprocates above the laying station
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
- B65H2701/11—Dimensional aspect of article or web
- B65H2701/112—Section geometry
- B65H2701/1123—Folded article or web
- B65H2701/11231—Fan-folded material or zig-zag or leporello
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fabric laying machine for zigzag laying a fabric web with a fabric web guide, comprising a fabric web output guided at a predetermined height above a layer package made of fabric layers, from which the fabric web falls freely when laid and merges into the top fabric layer via a bend, and one of the fabric web output associated cutter.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of improving a fabric laying machine of the type described at the outset in such a way that the fabric layers can be laid out precisely in the region of the edges of the layer package.
- this object is achieved in that a fabric guide surface which deflects the fabric web freely falling from the fabric dispenser is movable in front of the fabric dispenser.
- the invention thus creates the possibility of deflecting a fabric web depending on the web output with a curved region adjoining the cut edge in such a way that the cut edge is congruent with the edge of the layer package on which it is to be applied, and / or an end of the uppermost layer of fabric that arises when the free-falling fabric web is cut off and that protrudes upward from the fabric layer package due to the inherent curvature.
- a particularly effective type of formation of the fabric web guide surface provides that it deflects the freely falling fabric web in the opposite direction to the laying direction.
- Such a fabric guide surface is used in particular to deflect one end of a fabric web still present in the fabric laying machine.
- an embodiment of the fabric guiding surface is advantageous, in which the fabric guiding surface spreads out a freely falling end of the fabric layer in the laying direction.
- the fabric guiding surface could be designed in the most varied of ways. For example, it would be possible to arrange the fabric web guiding surface as a rotating part, which takes the fabric web hanging on it through its rotation.
- the fabric guide surface can be moved below the fabric delivery and between the latter and the layer stack.
- the fabric guiding surface can move on a wide variety of geometric paths in this area.
- two fabric guiding surfaces are provided which deflect the freely falling fabric web in opposite directions.
- either one or the other web guide surface can be brought into its effective position before the web delivery, so that when laying in one direction one web guide surface and when laying in the other direction the other web guide surface in Use is.
- the two fabric web guide surfaces could in principle be provided on different machine parts. For example, it would be possible to arrange each fabric web guide surface on a bar, the bar in each case being brought into its effective position which has the corresponding fabric web guide surface.
- a solution is structurally simpler in which the fabric guiding surfaces are arranged on a fabric guiding element, so that this fabric guiding element only has to be movably arranged for changing from the effective position of one fabric guiding surface to the effective position of the other fabric guiding surface.
- both fabric web guiding surfaces are arranged on a fabric web guiding element, these could for example be arranged relative to one another in such a way that they form a funnel leading to a funnel opening.
- the fabric guiding element has fabric guiding surfaces which form a wedge surface with its tip facing the fabric web output, so that the two fabric guiding surfaces are thus arranged in a roof shape.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the fabric guide element has fabric guide surfaces which deflect a free-falling end of the fabric web opposite to a laying direction with a partial area and spread a free-falling end of the uppermost fabric layer with another partial area when laying in the opposite laying direction.
- the fabric guiding element can be moved with each guiding surface over the fabric web output, so that the mobility of the fabric guiding element has no effect on the travel paths of the fabric-laying machine according to the invention, but the fabric guiding element in the solution according to the invention independently a path required for deflecting the freely falling fabric can be moved.
- the fabric guide element can be moved by a drive.
- the fabric guide element should also be guided accordingly on the fabric laying machine.
- the easiest way to solve this in terms of design is that the opposite ends of the fabric guide element are each slidably mounted on longitudinal guides.
- the exemplary embodiments described above do not specify how the material web output itself should look like.
- the material web output has a material web clamping device.
- the jaws are designed as side parts of an inlet funnel in which the freely falling fabric can be inserted very easily .
- control positions the fabric guide element in advance when laying out a bend in the fabric sheet.
- the fabric guide element can be positioned so that it supports the bend with a fabric guide surface when laid out.
- control positions the fabric guide element when it is applied to the edge of the layer package and restarting the fabric laying machine so that a front cut edge with a fabric guide surface is guided to an edge of the layer package, so that, despite a bend, the area of the fabric web adjoining the cut edge has no possibility of rolling up or wrinkling.
- An additional possibility of using the fabric guide element according to the invention provides a control which positions it in such a way that it supports the fabric sheet during cutting, so that the fabric sheet cannot fall freely after the cut, but rests on the fabric guide element and then completely on it Layer package can be designed.
- the advantage according to the invention can also be achieved in that the control positions the fabric guiding element in such a way that it follows the bending when laid out.
- this arrangement of the fabric guiding element creates the possibility that the control moves the fabric guiding element in such a way that it passes under the fabric web when it is placed on the edge of the layer package, that is to say that initially the fabric web hangs freely from the fabric web output, due to the curvature of the fabric web is curved, and that the fabric guiding element then moves against this hanging fabric and is moved so far that the fabric is pulled over this fabric guiding element and thus bent and laid out in the direction of the edge of the layer package, so that the fabric with its cutting edge is congruent on the edge of the layer package.
- a control is useful which moves the fabric guide element in such a way that it spreads out the cut fabric at the edge of the layer package.
- This can also be achieved, in particular, with a fabric guide element arranged after the bend when laying, since this is only cut in after cutting Laying direction must be moved further and thereby has the possibility of completely spreading out the uppermost layer of fabric which projects upwards due to its curvature towards the edge of the layer package.
- a first exemplary embodiment of a fabric laying machine according to the invention designated as a whole by 10, comprises a laying carriage 12 which can be moved in the laying direction 16 on a laying table 14.
- a fabric web 24 is drawn off from a fabric roll 20 rotatably held on a top of the laying car 18 by means of a fabric web guide, designated as a whole as 22, and fed to a laying unit, designated as a whole as 26, according to a speed of the laying car 12 in the laying direction 16, which aggregate 24 defines the fabric web 24 as a single fabric layer comprehensive layer package 30 designs.
- the fabric web guide 22 comprises a plurality of deflection rollers 32 to 40, via which the fabric web 24 is guided to a presetting roller 42, the presetting roller 42 being driven synchronously with the speed of the laying carriage 12.
- the laying unit 26 is held in a height-displaceable manner on the laying carriage 12 and is always guided at a constant distance from the uppermost layer of fabric 28 of the layer package 30.
- the laying unit 26 comprises two pivot plates 46 and 48 which are arranged symmetrically to a fold plane 44 defined by the fabric web 24 falling from the feed roller 42 and which extend across the entire web 24 and which are parallel to the Fall plane 44 and axes 52 and 54 running parallel to a layer plane 50 defined by the top fabric web 28 and arranged approximately in the middle of the swivel plate 46 and 48 from an open position oriented approximately parallel to the fall plane - shown in broken lines in FIG. 2 - into a closed position - Drawn solid in Fig.
- pivot plates 46 and 48 are pivotable, with in the closed position of the layer plane 50 facing lower edges 56 and 58 of the pivot plates 46 and 48 abut against the fabric web 24 extending in the plane of the fold 44, so that the pivot plates 46 and 48 one up form an open funnel.
- the swivel plates 46 and 48 are preferably provided with clamping jaws 60 and 62, respectively, with which the fabric web 24 can be clamped in the closed position of the swivel plates 46 and 48, in particular around the fabric web 24 below the clamping jaws 60 and 62 , cut off on the side facing the layer plane 50.
- the pivot plates 46 and 48 are preferably mounted by means of stud bolts 66 and 68, which are arranged on a housing 64 of the laying unit coaxially with the axes 52 and 54 and which engage in bearing plates 70 and 72 held on the respective pivot plates 46 and 48.
- a cutting unit designated as a whole by 74, which extends parallel to the layer plane 50
- Directed knife wheel 76 and a knife drive 78 comprises.
- This knife wheel 76 can be rotated about an axis 80 aligned parallel to the plane of the case 44 and perpendicular to the plane of the layer 50 and, with its outer sharpened circumferential area, reaches the fabric web 24 lying in the plane of the case 44 substantially immediately below the closed clamping jaws 60 and 62.
- the entire cutting unit 74 can be moved along a rail 82 across the entire width of the fabric web 24 and beyond it, so that the cutting unit 74 can be positioned laterally outside the swivel plates 46 and 48 in the rest position.
- the two swivel plates 46 and 48 also serve as a fabric web output when the fabric web 24 is placed, the fabric web 24 being swiveled down from the preset roller 42 down to the height of the jaws 60 by the swivel plates 46 and 48 or 62 is held in case level 44.
- the laying unit 26 is guided on the laying carriage 12 such that the clamping jaws 60 and 62 are always at a constant height H above the layer plane 50 in their closed position.
- a fabric web guide element 86 is provided in the manner according to the invention, which is both parallel to the case level 44 and at a constant distance A parallel to the layer plane 50 across the entire width of the fabric web 24 and also the width the pivot plates 46 and 48 extend in that direction.
- This fabric guiding element 86 has two wedge-shaped fabric guiding surfaces 88 and 90, each oriented at the same angle of inclination to the plane 50, with a tip 92 of the wedge facing the clamping jaws 60 and 62, so that both fabric guiding surfaces 88 and 90 form inclined planes which the fabric web 24 can slide down in the direction of the layer plane 50 under the influence of gravity.
- the fabric guide element 86 is made from a wedge-shaped bar.
- This fabric web guide element 86 is now displaceable parallel to the layer plane 50 in the laying direction 16, so that it is dotted in FIG. 2 from a right extreme position lying in FIG. 2 to the right of the case level 44 - indicated by dash-dotted lines - into a left extreme position to the left of the case level 44 indicated - can be moved back and forth.
- a guide bar 98 and 100 is held on both side walls 94 and 96 of the housing 64 of the laying unit 26, which run parallel to the laying direction 16 and which likewise runs parallel to the layer plane 50.
- deflection rollers 106 and 108 and 110 and 112 are provided in the region of both ends of the guide strips 98 and 100.
- deflection rollers 106 and 110 or 108 and 112 parallel to the side walls 94 and 96, there is an endless strand of a tension member 114 and 116, which wraps around the respective guide bar 98 and 100, respectively.
- this tension member 114 or 116 is a chain.
- the deflection rollers 110 and 112 are by a shaft 118 connected to each other, which in turn can be driven by a motor 120.
- Laying out the fabric web 24 to the layer package 30 is schematically outlined in FIGS. 4 to 10 and functions as follows.
- the pivoting plate 48 In the state of laying out the fabric web 24 shown in FIG. 4, by moving the fabric laying machine 10 in the direction of the arrow 16 to the left, as already mentioned with reference to FIG. 2, the pivoting plate 48 is in its closed position while the swivel plate 46 assumes its open position, so that the web of material 24 moved downward in the plane of the fall 44 by the preselection roller 42 abuts the clamping jaws 62. From this, the fabric web 24 then runs over the bend 84 into the layer plane 50.
- the fabric web guide element 86 is in this laying process in its left laying position designated I, in which the tip 92 is to the left of the fall plane 44 and runs parallel to it, the Bend 84 preferably bears in the middle and lower region of the fabric guide surface 90.
- This layout to the left with the support of the fabric guide element 86 has the advantage that the extent and position of the bend is largely defined, so that the fabric web 24 can be laid out at a uniform speed in the top fabric layer 28 and there are no inaccuracies that would occur without that Fabric web guide element 86 could occur by varying the arc length of the bend 84.
- the fabric guide element of its Move left laying position I shown in dashed lines in FIG. 5, to its left cutting position II, in which tip 92 lies to the right of fall plane 44.
- This ensures that the cut piece of fabric sheet 24 'with its adjoining the cutting edge 124 area 24 ⁇ falls over the tip 92 to the left and is partially above the fabric guide surface 88. This prevents the piece of fabric 24 'sliding down over the fabric guide surface 90 and forming wrinkles.
- the laying machine 10 is moved to the left beyond the left edge 122 of the layer package 30, but without further advancement of the fabric web 24 by means of the presetting roller 42 and with further clamping of the fabric web 24 by means of the the pivot plates 46 and 48 in their closed position.
- the fabric guide element 86 is indicated by the dash-dotted position II in Fig. 6, dash-dotted, in the extreme left position III, the cut piece of fabric 24 'is completely laid out on the layer package 30 so that its cutting edge 124 is flush with the left edge 122 of the layer package 30 comes to rest.
- the fall level 44 is to the left of the left edge 122 of the layer package 30 at a distance U, this distance U corresponding approximately to a length of the bend 84 when laying. This is necessary because feeding the fabric web 24 by means of the feed roller 42 is always only possible in conjunction with a movement of the laying carriage 12.
- the swiveling plate 48 is first moved into its open position by spreading the laying carriage 12 to the right, shown in FIG.
- the fabric guide element 86 is moved from the extreme left position III, indicated by dotted lines in FIG. 7, to its extreme right position IV, in which the plane of the fold 44 intersects the fabric guide surface 88 in a lower region.
- a feed of the fabric web 24 also begins, which now hangs down along the fall plane 44, but due to the curvature inherent in the fabric web 24 at its front end 24 ′′′, for example curved to the right, protrudes from the fall plane 44, so that a front cutting edge 126 of this piece of fabric web 24 lies to the right of the fall plane 44.
- the fabric guiding element 86 is moved continuously from its extreme right position IV into its right laying position V, this right laying position V preferably being reached when the piece of fabric web 24 ′′′ with its front cutting edge 126 on the left edge 122 of the layer package 30 arrives with the formation of the bend 84, but this time to the left.
- the front fabric piece 24 bahn is gradually bent to the left, so that despite the existing curvature due to the natural curvature of the fabric sheet in the area of the cutting edge 126 to the right, the fabric piece 24 'is flush with the left Edge 122 of the layer package 30 can be created, since even the right-hand curved front piece 24 ′′′ can be turned to the left by the fabric guide element 86 moving towards it in the direction of the fall plane 44 without curling up or forming folds.
- the left laying position I of the fabric guide element 86 is identical with the right-hand cutting position VI, the left-hand cutting position II identical to the right-hand laying position V, so that overall, with the left extreme position III and the right extreme position IV, the fabric guide element 86 can be moved into four different positions by the motor 120, controlled by the controller 130.
- a second embodiment of the fabric laying machine according to the invention is constructed exactly the same as the first embodiment, so that the same reference numerals are used for the same parts and with regard to the description thereof, reference can be made to the explanations for the first embodiment, with the only difference that the fabric guide element 86 ' has no wedge-shaped fabric guiding surfaces 88 and 90, but is oval-shaped in cross-section and has curved fabric guiding surfaces 88 'and 90' on its side edges, which extend parallel to the case level 44 and the layer plane 50, and have a lower and an upper partial area, and one ' Long cross-sectional axis of the fabric guide element 86 'is aligned approximately parallel to the layer plane 50.
- the fabric guide element 86 ' When laying out to the left, as shown in Fig. 11, the fabric guide element 86 ', in contrast to the fabric guide element 86, is not to the left of the bend 84, but follows the bend to the right.
- the fabric guide element 86 'thus has no function when laid out to the left.
- the fabric guide element when cutting the fabric 24, as shown in Fig. 12, also has no function, since it is not able to support the piece of fabric 24 'after cutting.
- the piece of fabric sheet 24 falls freely with its cutting edge 124 to the left, so that when the fabric sheet 24 has sufficient inherent rigidity, it also comes to lie congruently with the left edge 122 of the layer stack 30.
- the fabric guide element 86 ' is always in its left-hand laying position I', that is, this had previously been relative to Fall level 44 cannot be moved. Even after stopping the laying carriage 12 after the overflow U beyond the left edge 122 of the layer package 30 and restarting the laying carriage to the right while simultaneously feeding the fabric web 24, the fabric web guide element 86 'remains in its left-hand laying position I', as shown in FIG. 14 is.
- the fabric guide element 86 ' is only moved when a sufficiently long piece 24 ⁇ ⁇ from the jaws 60 of the pivot plate 46 which is in its closed position hangs down, which extends almost to the layer plane 50. In this position, shown in Fig. 15, the fabric guide element 86 'is shifted to the left, so that it moves opposite to the laying direction on the opposite side of the case level and thereby the piece of fabric 24 ⁇ ⁇ slides on the upper portion of the fabric guide surface 88', so that this piece of fabric 24 ⁇ ⁇ as a whole is moved to the top left, away from the layer plane 50. This also ensures that the front cutting edge 126 is congruent with the left edge 122 of the layer package 30 despite the intrinsic curvature of the fabric web and undesired rolling up or undesirable wrinkling in this edge area is avoided.
- the fabric guide element 86 ' is very quickly moved into its left extreme position II', which is at such a distance from the plane of the fall 44 that the front cutting edge 126 on the upper portion of the fabric guide surface 90 ' can slide and come to rest on the left edge 122 of the layer package 30.
- the fabric guide element 86 ' is moved into its right-hand position III', in which it follows the function 84 without the function of the bend 84 until the fabric edge 24 is also cut at the right edge 128 and is spread over by means of the fabric guide element 86 ', as shown in FIG. 17.
- the subsequent change to laying out on the left then takes place analogously to that described above.
Landscapes
- Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Advancing Webs (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88108831T ATE84013T1 (de) | 1988-05-18 | 1988-06-02 | Stoffbahnlegemaschine mit stoffbahnleitflaechen. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3816882A DE3816882A1 (de) | 1988-05-18 | 1988-05-18 | Stoffbahnlegemaschine mit stoffbahnleitflaechen |
DE3816882 | 1988-05-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0342263A1 true EP0342263A1 (fr) | 1989-11-23 |
EP0342263B1 EP0342263B1 (fr) | 1992-12-30 |
Family
ID=6354607
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88108831A Expired - Lifetime EP0342263B1 (fr) | 1988-05-18 | 1988-06-02 | Matelasseuse avec des surfaces de guidage pour le tissu |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4982940A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0342263B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH0228455A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE84013T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3816882A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2658177A1 (fr) * | 1990-02-09 | 1991-08-16 | Jice Automat Soc | Dispositif de mise en pile et de decoupe de tissu. |
WO1992021601A1 (fr) * | 1991-06-01 | 1992-12-10 | Krauss U. Reichert Gmbh + Co. Kg Spezialmaschinenfabrik | Plieuse |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE8908720U1 (fr) * | 1989-07-18 | 1989-09-07 | Carl Schmale Gmbh & Co Kg, 4434 Ochtrup, De | |
DE4114257A1 (de) * | 1991-05-02 | 1992-11-05 | Setec Maschinenbau Gmbh | Stofflegeaggregat |
US5447296A (en) * | 1993-05-26 | 1995-09-05 | Cox; Michael A. | Cloth spreading system |
US6152438A (en) * | 1997-07-23 | 2000-11-28 | Morgan; Wade | Floor supported fabric spreading machine |
JP4034592B2 (ja) * | 2002-05-15 | 2008-01-16 | 学校法人松本歯科大学 | 鋳型、及び鋳型の製造方法 |
CN105253692A (zh) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-01-20 | 上海电机学院 | 一种自动铺料机 |
CN110745599B (zh) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-08-14 | 阜阳市金诗丽雅箱包有限公司 | 一种箱包面料加工用松布摆布整理装置 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3778050A (en) * | 1971-10-19 | 1973-12-11 | Panther Machine Corp | Auxiliary fabric feed means for fabric spreading machine |
DE3218484A1 (de) * | 1982-05-15 | 1983-11-24 | Krauss U. Reichert Gmbh + Co Kg Spezialmaschinenfabrik, 7012 Fellbach | Legemaschine |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2795416A (en) * | 1953-10-15 | 1957-06-11 | Henry W Bax | Cloth laying machine |
US3112107A (en) * | 1961-11-20 | 1963-11-26 | Cutting Room Appliances Corp | High speed cloth laying machine |
US3540720A (en) * | 1968-08-19 | 1970-11-17 | Cutting Room Appliances Corp | Manually controlled cloth laying machine |
US4086835A (en) * | 1977-01-31 | 1978-05-02 | Cutters Machine Company, Inc. | Resilient knife guide for cloth spreading machine |
JPS6236275A (ja) * | 1985-08-09 | 1987-02-17 | Keiko Tagawa | 延反機 |
-
1988
- 1988-05-18 DE DE3816882A patent/DE3816882A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-06-02 AT AT88108831T patent/ATE84013T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-06-02 EP EP88108831A patent/EP0342263B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-06-02 DE DE8888108831T patent/DE3877189D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-05-15 US US07/351,752 patent/US4982940A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-05-18 JP JP1125456A patent/JPH0228455A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3778050A (en) * | 1971-10-19 | 1973-12-11 | Panther Machine Corp | Auxiliary fabric feed means for fabric spreading machine |
DE3218484A1 (de) * | 1982-05-15 | 1983-11-24 | Krauss U. Reichert Gmbh + Co Kg Spezialmaschinenfabrik, 7012 Fellbach | Legemaschine |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2658177A1 (fr) * | 1990-02-09 | 1991-08-16 | Jice Automat Soc | Dispositif de mise en pile et de decoupe de tissu. |
WO1992021601A1 (fr) * | 1991-06-01 | 1992-12-10 | Krauss U. Reichert Gmbh + Co. Kg Spezialmaschinenfabrik | Plieuse |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE84013T1 (de) | 1993-01-15 |
EP0342263B1 (fr) | 1992-12-30 |
US4982940A (en) | 1991-01-08 |
DE3816882A1 (de) | 1989-11-30 |
JPH0228455A (ja) | 1990-01-30 |
DE3877189D1 (de) | 1993-02-11 |
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