EP0341098A1 - Pneumatische Obstpresse - Google Patents

Pneumatische Obstpresse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0341098A1
EP0341098A1 EP89400884A EP89400884A EP0341098A1 EP 0341098 A1 EP0341098 A1 EP 0341098A1 EP 89400884 A EP89400884 A EP 89400884A EP 89400884 A EP89400884 A EP 89400884A EP 0341098 A1 EP0341098 A1 EP 0341098A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
press according
walls
closed
integral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89400884A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0341098B1 (de
Inventor
James Gregoire
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gregoire Ets SA
Original Assignee
Gregoire Ets SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gregoire Ets SA filed Critical Gregoire Ets SA
Priority to AT89400884T priority Critical patent/ATE83972T1/de
Publication of EP0341098A1 publication Critical patent/EP0341098A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0341098B1 publication Critical patent/EP0341098B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/22—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using a flexible member, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/22—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using a flexible member, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure
    • B30B9/225—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using a flexible member, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure the diaphragm being tubular

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fruit pressing method and a pneumatic press of the type comprising a rotary cylindrical drum containing at least one flexible membrane, for the implementation of this method.
  • Pneumatic presses have undergone significant development due to the high quality of the juices, in particular grape must, which they allow to obtain thanks to a gentle extraction of the juices due to the low pressures exerted, of the order of 2 bars.
  • the main drawback of known pneumatic presses is the discontinuity of their operation. Indeed, these known pneumatic presses include a fruit loading door which also serves for the evacuation of residues, in particular grape marc.
  • the cycle of operation of these known machines therefore comprises a filling phase during which the drum is stationary, possibly preceded by evacuating the membranes, then a juice extraction phase during which a gradual swelling of the membranes is carried out with rotation of the drum , and a residue discharge phase during which the drum is again stopped.
  • the filling and unloading phases occupy a relatively long time of the total cycle and, above all, the fruits are stored before being brought to the press, which causes their rapid oxidation, especially when the harvest is done mechanically, which harms the quality of the juices obtained.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks of known pneumatic presses thanks to a new press which is particularly suitable for semi-continuous or permanent operation allowing permanent loading of fruit, in particular grapes, and also easily allowing selection of juices. depending on the pressure at which they were extracted. In all embodiments of the invention, the disposal of waste is facilitated by the use of a large discharge opening.
  • the subject of the invention is a process for pressing fruit, in particular grapes, in a rotary cylindrical drum containing at least one flexible membrane supplied with pressure to compress the fruit against the wall of the drum, characterized by the fact that the fruits to be pressed are made to arrive in the vicinity of a closed end of the cylindrical drum, the juices expressed by swelling of said membrane are recovered and the waste is discharged through an opening in the opposite end of said drum.
  • This press for implementing the method according to the invention is characterized in that the said drum is closed at one end, a loading duct opening in the vicinity of the closed end of the drum, the end of the drum opposite to the the closed end being at least partially open, said drum comprising means for recovering the juices.
  • the fruit to be pressed is introduced into the drum through the loading duct which opens into the drum.
  • the evacuation of waste, such as marc, is done by the open end of the drum, which allows the use of a large opening compared to the usual hatch also used for loading fruit. The duration of the pressing cycle is thus greatly reduced.
  • the drum comprises a waste discharge member, for example a worm.
  • the drum is tiltable, for example by means of jacks.
  • the drum contains a means of axial transport of the mass to be pressed and comprises a plurality of radial partitions forming a plurality of adjacent axial chambers each closed in the radial direction by a flexible membrane, each of the chambers being connected to an individual source of pressure or vacuum, a fruit supply conduit opening into the closed end of the drum or in the vicinity thereof.
  • the operation of the press according to the invention is semi-continuous or permanent, that is to say that, during the stopping phases of the movement means, the fruits can be pressed at different pressures in the different zones in which they are found.
  • the press can be loaded simultaneously. During the periods of operation of the movement means, the material advances from one zone to the next zone and, simultaneously, the residues are removed.
  • the displacement means consists of an endless screw, the radial extension of which is slightly less than the internal radius of the drum and the drum pivots around a rotary shaft of which said partitions are integral radial.
  • the fruit to be pressed is introduced into the drum via the supply pipe which opens into a pre-chamber of the drum which does not have a closed chamber.
  • the rotation of the screw advances the fruit in a first active compartment located around the first of the closed chambers, the swelling of the corresponding chamber, after stopping the screw, compressing the fruit against the adjacent wall of the drum.
  • a new loading of fruit can be carried out in the pre-chamber.
  • a further rotation of the screw advances the first load to the second active compartment at the level of the second chamber and the second load to the first compartment.
  • the screw is stopped again, the second chamber is subjected to a pressure higher than the first and, during this new stop, a third loading is carried out.
  • the pressing process thus continues gradually in the successive active compartments and the residues are evacuated automatically by the open end of the drum.
  • the inlet duct is connected to a pump by means of a rotating joint.
  • the drum is perforated and the juice recovery means comprise a recovery tank housed below the drum and which has walls dividing it axially into partial tanks each provided with an outlet for the selection of juice.
  • the juice recovery means comprise a recovery tank housed below the drum and which has walls dividing it axially into partial tanks each provided with an outlet for the selection of juice.
  • a variant of the invention provides that at least some of said walls are surmounted by an adjustable slab.
  • the worm can be an Archimedes screw, integral with said rotary shaft.
  • the worm is constituted by a turn integral with the rotary drum or the rotary shaft.
  • the endless screw is a screw with straight parts, not helical, the membranes being fixed in the cells formed by the straight parts, which simultaneously form the partition walls.
  • the drum and the shaft can be driven in rotation, independently of each other, by two geared motor brakes each cooperating with a chain engaged with a pinion, one integral with the drum and coaxial with it, the other wedged on the tree.
  • the speed and / or the direction of rotation of the drum and / or of the screw are variable.
  • said rotary drum is perforated on one half of its periphery, the end opposite to the end closed is open, the non-perforated half of the drum being closed at its end opposite the closed end and carrying said radial partitions which each form a circular semi-sector and have a constant spacing, the perforated half of the drum containing a plurality of walls in circular semi-sector having the same spacing between them as the partitions, said walls being integral with each other and movable in axial translation between a working position in which the last wall opposite the closed end of the drum closes the open end of the perforated half of the drum and an end of transport position in which said walls have been moved away from the solid end of the drum equal to the common spacing between the partitions and the walls.
  • the pressing and possibly crumbling work is done in the working position of the partitions while, during the translation of the partitions to their end of transport position, the fruits are transported from one compartment to the next axial compartment. and, simultaneously, the residues contained in the last axial compartment are discharged through the open end of the perforated half of the drum.
  • a semi-continuous or permanent operation is obtained, alternating between pressing cycles and a cycle for transporting the materials to be pressed and for discharging the waste.
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents a pneumatic press according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the press consists of a perforated cylindrical drum 7, made of stainless steel, called a drip cage.
  • the drum 7 is closed at its inlet end (on the left in the drawing) and open at its opposite end or outlet end.
  • the drum 7 is rotatably mounted on a frame 1 and is rotated, in one direction or the other, at adjustable speeds, by a brake-motor 2 moving a chain 3 engaged on a pinion 6 integral with the drum 5 and coaxial with it. At its end opposite the pinion 6, the drum 7 is guided on rollers 14.
  • a hollow shaft 17 driven in rotation in one direction or the other, at variable speeds, by a geared motor-brake 13 driving a chain 12 engaged with a pinion 10 fixed on the 'shaft 17.
  • the shaft 17 is mounted on the chassis 1 by means of rolling bearings 5 and 11.
  • the hollow shaft 17 carries an Archimedes screw 8 with a diameter slightly smaller than that of the drum 7. Substantially halfway up the screw, membranes 9 are fixed to the turns of the screw 8 and are separated by partitions. watertight 18 thus providing axial chambers G, H, J. Each of these chambers can be connected to a source of compressed air or to a vacuum pump by a pipe, respectively g , h , j passing inside the tree 17.
  • Zone B thus provided is connected to the outside by a pipe 19 mounted in the hollow shaft 17 and passing through the wall thereof.
  • the pipe 19 is connected to a supply 20 of fruit, in particular grapes, by means of a rotating joint 4.
  • a collecting tank 16 occupying substantially the entire length of the drum.
  • the fruits pushed by a pump (not shown) enter the pipe 19 according to arrow A.
  • the fruits come to occupy the pre-chamber B not equipped with a membrane.
  • the drum 7 may or may not rotate during this loading, while the shaft 17 and the propeller 8 which it carries are stopped.
  • the fruits are pushed towards the zone C.
  • the screw 8 is stopped as soon as the zone C is full and the membrane 9 is put under pressure by the tube g .
  • the membranes 9 of zones H and J are also pressurized to press the fruits arriving in zones D and F during previous rotations.
  • the pressure of the membranes 9 on the fruit compresses them against the internal wall of the perforated drum and extracts juices therefrom which pass through the drum 7 and are collected in the tank 16.
  • a crumbling phase After each pressing phase, in order to obtain a faster extraction of the juices, a crumbling phase can be provided.
  • the membranes 9 are deflated by connecting the chambers G-J to a vacuum pump or simply to the atmosphere.
  • the drum 7 and the screw 8 are rotated in opposite directions and at equal speed. The fruits are therefore brewed and crumbled.
  • the operation of the press is therefore permanent by alternating extraction phases (pressing and crumbling) with displacement phases, the feeding of fruit and the removal of residues being done during these displacement phases.
  • the speed of the screw 8 can be lower or higher than that of the drum 7, which makes it possible to move the fruits as desired in an axial direction or in the other.
  • the number of alternating pressing and crumbling phases can be increased according to the desired drying rate. Pressing pressures increase in chambers G, H, J and are generally between 0.2 bar for the first and 2 bar or more for the last.
  • the independent drive of the screw 8 and of the drum 7 in both directions and at variable speeds allows multiple operating combinations.
  • the number of zones can also be changed.
  • adjustable slabs 15 are housed above the walls 20.
  • the frame 1 can be fixed on jacks for allow the press to be tilted, in one direction or the other and at a predetermined angle, in order to accelerate or brake the exit of residues.
  • the screw is formed by a single coil 8 ′ which can be secured to the hollow shaft 17 or to the drum 7.
  • the partitions 18 ′ carry the membranes 9 as in the example of the figure 1.
  • the operation of the press is identical to that of the previous example.
  • the screw 8 ′ may also, according to an embodiment not shown, include straight, non-helical parts, producing an effect identical to that of an Archimedes screw. These straight parts also serve for fixing the membranes and play the role of the previous partitions 18 ′.
  • Fruit can be fed directly to a feed funnel on the loading pump.
  • FIG. 3 shows a press according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • the drip cage consists of a stainless steel cylinder, one end 30 of which is closed and the other end of which is closed on only its half by a half-circumference 31.
  • the half-periphery 32 of the drum adjacent to the half -circumference 31 is full, that is to say non-perforated, while the other half-periphery 33 is perforated.
  • Watertight bulkheads 34 in the form of a circular half-sector are fixed in the solid part 32 of the drum, at constant spacing, the first partition 341 being at this same spacing from the closed end 30 and the last partition 342 at the same spacing from the half-circumference 31.
  • the partitions 34 determine between them or with the ends 30 or 31 of the cells L, M, N, P and Q each closed by a flexible membrane 35 of waterproof canvas.
  • the cells LQ can be selectively supplied with compressed air or vacuum by pipes 36 through a rotary joint 37 secured to the shaft 38 of the cylinder.
  • the membranes 35 When the membranes 35 are inflated, they respectively fill the opposite portion of the perforated half-cylinder 33 while, when they are subjected to vacuum, they are pressed against the bottom of their respective L-Q cell.
  • Walls 39 are arranged in opposition to the partitions 34 and, in the pressing position shown in FIG. 3, a first wall 391 is adjacent to the end 30 of the cylinder while the last wall 392 closes the end opening of the perforated half-cylinder 33.
  • the walls 39 are mechanically connected together by rods 40 and can be moved integrally in translation to the right (in the drawing) by a distance equal to the common spacing of the partitions 34 and of the walls 39 by jacks 41 supplied with through the turn 37.
  • the walls 39 are integral in rotation with the cylinder.
  • the walls 39 delimit between them compartments B-C-D-E-F.
  • the supply of fruit A is done through a rotary joint 42 connected to a tube 45 opening into the first compartment B.
  • the cylinder is pivotally mounted on bearings 43 mounted on a frame 44 and is driven by a geared motor (not shown) .
  • the operation is as follows. At the start of a cycle, the empty cylinder and the walls 39 are in the position shown in FIG. 1. The membranes 35 are pressed against the bottom of their respective cells by the vacuum.
  • compartment B and of cell L can be done during pressing in the compartments CF, then apply a light pressure on compartment B. We then recall all the membranes 35 and we proceed to crumbling without performing again filling, then the translation of the walls 39 is produced, as in the previous process.
  • the pressures applied to the membranes are variable and may come from air or another compressed gas, or from a liquid such as water.
  • the cylinder of FIG. 1 does not have partitions 34 or walls 39 and contains a single membrane 35.
  • the end wall 39 is replaced by an access hatch .
  • a device such as an endless screw or an inclination of the cylinder can be provided. This embodiment of the invention allows faster extraction of residues compared to known presses.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
EP89400884A 1988-04-11 1989-03-30 Pneumatische Obstpresse Expired - Lifetime EP0341098B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89400884T ATE83972T1 (de) 1988-04-11 1989-03-30 Pneumatische obstpresse.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8804761A FR2629754B1 (fr) 1988-04-11 1988-04-11 Pressoir pneumatique
FR8804761 1988-04-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0341098A1 true EP0341098A1 (de) 1989-11-08
EP0341098B1 EP0341098B1 (de) 1992-12-30

Family

ID=9365177

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89400884A Expired - Lifetime EP0341098B1 (de) 1988-04-11 1989-03-30 Pneumatische Obstpresse

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5081921A (de)
EP (1) EP0341098B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE83972T1 (de)
DE (1) DE68904110T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2629754B1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0527679A1 (de) * 1991-08-12 1993-02-17 Somavi Traubenentsafter und Verfahren zum Entsaften von Traubenverwendung diesem Entsafter
EP0569695A2 (de) * 1992-05-13 1993-11-18 S.I.P.R.E.M. S.p.A. Vorrichtung zum Trennen von flüssigen und festen Substanzen, insbesondere zur Gewinnung von Saft aus Früchten oder dergleichen
WO1996022186A1 (de) * 1995-01-17 1996-07-25 Bernhard Bosch Verfahren zur saftherstellung sowie saftpresse, insbesondere wein- oder obstpresse
WO2020058866A1 (en) * 2018-09-21 2020-03-26 Della Toffola S.P.A. Plant and method for the extraction of juice from vegetable raw material
FR3124974A1 (fr) * 2021-07-12 2023-01-13 Bucher Vaslin pressoir notamment pour une application dans le domaine viticole

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5365838A (en) * 1989-11-02 1994-11-22 Valentino Valentini Machine for the extraction of juice from grapes
US7131371B1 (en) 2005-08-16 2006-11-07 Joseph Raymond Shober Electronically actuated press
JP2009156523A (ja) * 2007-12-27 2009-07-16 Ube Machinery Corporation Ltd 脱硝装置および脱硝方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2499464A1 (fr) * 1981-02-12 1982-08-13 Howard Machinery Ltd Pressoir pneumatique, en particulier pour le raisin
FR2529135A1 (fr) * 1982-06-29 1983-12-30 Willmes Josef Gmbh Pressoir pour pressurer des produits agricoles
DE3243105A1 (de) * 1982-11-22 1984-05-24 Josef Willmes Gmbh, 6140 Bensheim Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen extrahieren von fluessigkeitshaltigen stoffen
DE3440558A1 (de) * 1984-11-07 1986-05-07 Karl-Heinz 7801 Ballrechten-Dottingen Quetsch Presse zum auspressen von fluessigkeitshaltigen stoffen

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU555585B2 (en) * 1982-06-29 1986-10-02 Josef Willmes Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Screw-membrane liquid expression press
DE3312733C2 (de) * 1983-04-07 1986-03-20 Howard Machinery Public Ltd. Co., Harleston, Norfolk Membranpresse zum Entsaften von Trauben, Obst o. dgl.
US4651637A (en) * 1984-08-23 1987-03-24 F. Korbel And Bros. Apparatus for classifying juice squeezed from grapes
DE3638839A1 (de) * 1986-11-13 1988-06-09 Vetter Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Kontinuierliche mehrkammermembranpresse

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2499464A1 (fr) * 1981-02-12 1982-08-13 Howard Machinery Ltd Pressoir pneumatique, en particulier pour le raisin
FR2529135A1 (fr) * 1982-06-29 1983-12-30 Willmes Josef Gmbh Pressoir pour pressurer des produits agricoles
DE3243105A1 (de) * 1982-11-22 1984-05-24 Josef Willmes Gmbh, 6140 Bensheim Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen extrahieren von fluessigkeitshaltigen stoffen
DE3440558A1 (de) * 1984-11-07 1986-05-07 Karl-Heinz 7801 Ballrechten-Dottingen Quetsch Presse zum auspressen von fluessigkeitshaltigen stoffen

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0527679A1 (de) * 1991-08-12 1993-02-17 Somavi Traubenentsafter und Verfahren zum Entsaften von Traubenverwendung diesem Entsafter
FR2680304A1 (fr) * 1991-08-12 1993-02-19 Somavi Egouttoir a vendange et procede pour egoutter la vendange utilisant cet egouttoir.
US5355785A (en) * 1991-08-12 1994-10-18 Somavi Dejuicer for dejuicing harvested grapes
EP0569695A2 (de) * 1992-05-13 1993-11-18 S.I.P.R.E.M. S.p.A. Vorrichtung zum Trennen von flüssigen und festen Substanzen, insbesondere zur Gewinnung von Saft aus Früchten oder dergleichen
EP0569695A3 (de) * 1992-05-13 1994-02-09 S I P R E M S P A
WO1996022186A1 (de) * 1995-01-17 1996-07-25 Bernhard Bosch Verfahren zur saftherstellung sowie saftpresse, insbesondere wein- oder obstpresse
US5927187A (en) * 1995-01-17 1999-07-27 Bosch; Bernhard Process for making juice and juice press, especially wine or fruit press
WO2020058866A1 (en) * 2018-09-21 2020-03-26 Della Toffola S.P.A. Plant and method for the extraction of juice from vegetable raw material
FR3124974A1 (fr) * 2021-07-12 2023-01-13 Bucher Vaslin pressoir notamment pour une application dans le domaine viticole
EP4119336A1 (de) 2021-07-12 2023-01-18 Bucher Vaslin Presse insbesondere für eine anwendung im weinbau
EP4342665A2 (de) 2021-07-12 2024-03-27 Bucher Vaslin Presse, insbesondere für eine anwendung im weinbau
EP4342665A3 (de) * 2021-07-12 2024-06-12 Bucher Vaslin Presse, insbesondere für eine anwendung im weinbau

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2629754A1 (fr) 1989-10-13
ATE83972T1 (de) 1993-01-15
DE68904110T2 (de) 1993-06-17
US5081921A (en) 1992-01-21
FR2629754B1 (fr) 1992-12-24
EP0341098B1 (de) 1992-12-30
DE68904110D1 (de) 1993-02-11

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