EP0340077B1 - Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit von metallischen Materialien - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit von metallischen Materialien Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0340077B1
EP0340077B1 EP89401071A EP89401071A EP0340077B1 EP 0340077 B1 EP0340077 B1 EP 0340077B1 EP 89401071 A EP89401071 A EP 89401071A EP 89401071 A EP89401071 A EP 89401071A EP 0340077 B1 EP0340077 B1 EP 0340077B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process according
metallic material
alloy
atmosphere
nitrogen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP89401071A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0340077A1 (de
Inventor
Roger Berneron
Pierre De Gelis
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Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie Francaise IRSID
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Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie Francaise IRSID
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Priority to AT89401071T priority Critical patent/ATE92975T1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for improving the corrosion resistance of metallic materials such as stainless steels, ordinary steels, low-alloy steels, carbon steels, processing steels, refractory steels, nickel-based alloys and based on cobalt, aluminum and its alloys, titanium and its alloys, zirconium and its alloys, zinc and its alloys, copper and its alloys.
  • metallic materials such as stainless steels, ordinary steels, low-alloy steels, carbon steels, processing steels, refractory steels, nickel-based alloys and based on cobalt, aluminum and its alloys, titanium and its alloys, zirconium and its alloys, zinc and its alloys, copper and its alloys.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a method for improving the corrosion resistance of a metallic material according to which the metallic material maintained at a temperature below 100 ° C is subjected to a surface treatment by plasma at low temperature, at a pressure of 1 to 103 Pa, in an atmosphere comprising at least one gas chosen from oxygen, ozone, nitrogen, hydrogen, air, carbon dioxide , carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, water, flue gases and mixtures thereof with neutral gas.
  • low temperature plasma or "cold" plasma is generally meant a plasma obtained by glow discharge in a low pressure atmosphere (less than 103 Pa).
  • the discharge is obtained in an enclosure between an anode and the negatively polarized metallic material which serves as a cathode.
  • the metallic material to be treated is maintained in practice at a temperature below 100 ° C., for example through the use of a cathode and an anode cooled by a circulation of water.
  • the molecules of the gas are dissociated, excited or ionized; in the electrical discharge thus created, a low energy plasma scans the surface of the material and the various gaseous species react with the surface atoms according to their chemical affinity. A large number of elements disappear from the treated surface depending on whether the gases are oxidizing or reducing. After treatment, the surface is generally passive vis-à-vis the atmosphere, that is to say, conventional pollution elements C, S, P O, ...
  • reaction products for the most part, certainly in gaseous form, are evacuated by pumping and others, positively charged can redeposit on the cathode, for example calcium, but without, however, disturbing the surface.
  • neutral gas means rare gases such as argon, neon and helium.
  • Particularly suitable gas atmospheres are N2 / O2 mixtures, including air, carbon dioxide, N2 / H2, H2 / Ar.
  • Processing times can be from about 1 second to 10 minutes. It is advantageous to operate at voltages from 100 to 5000 V.
  • results indicated above can be obtained by electric or electromagnetic fields generated by the conventional techniques of "cold" plasma usually used for physical vapor deposition (magnetron, ion or electron guns, conventional ionic deposits) or thermochemical treatments by ion bombardment.
  • the metallic materials treated can in particular be martensitic, ferritic, austenitic and austenoferritic stainless steels, ordinary or low-alloy steels, carbon steels, treatment steels, refractory steels, nickel-based alloys and cobalt-based alloys. ; aluminum and its alloys, titanium and its alloys, zirconium and its alloys, zinc and its alloys, copper and its alloys ...
  • Figure 1 shows an analysis curve by luminescent discharge spectrometry (SDL) of untreated stainless steel.
  • FIG. 2 presents, for comparison, an SDL analysis curve of the same material in FIG. 1 after treatment under N2 / O2 according to the method of the invention.
  • the material was subjected to a plasma treatment under the following conditions: pressure 103 Pa imposed intensity 100 mA, voltage 250 V with a duration of 4 minutes, the material serving as cathode as well as the anode being cooled by a circulation of water.
  • the gas used was a 80/20 N2 / O2 mixture.
  • an argon atmosphere was used.
  • the material was examined before and after treatment.
  • the corrosion resistance was also evaluated by the drop test.
  • This test consists in depositing for 5 minutes a drop of the following solution 17 ml FeCl3 at 28% 2.5 ml HCl 5 g NaCl 188.5 ml distilled water After visual examination, the attack on the metal is rated from 1 to 3 in increasing order of attack on the metal.
  • Tests were carried out similar to those carried out in Example 1 on a ferritic stainless steel containing 17% Cr and 1% Mo (reference FMo). The conditions are the same, except with CO2 where the voltage has been chosen equal to 400 V so that the discharge can be established.
  • the resistance to corrosion was also evaluated by electrochemical measurements of pitting potential (Ep) in medium chlorinated medium (0.02 M NaCl). A potential scan is carried out from the free potential (Ec) at the speed of 10 mV / min. The appearance of a current indicates the formation of pitting. Pitting detection threshold: 100 uA.
  • the sheets having undergone a N2-O2 treatment exhibit numerous pitting.
  • Luminescent discharge spectrometry (SDL) measurements make it possible to analyze the elementary surface composition of a treated material and compare it with the composition of an untreated reference material.
  • Figure 1 shows different characteristic curves determining the surface concentrations of elements such as C, P, S, N2, Si and Mn.
  • FIG. 2 shows the characteristic curves of the same elements noted, in SDL, on the same material treated by the method according to the invention.
  • the treatment removes surface contaminants from the material such as for example P and Si.
  • the treatment is limited to the passivated layer in the case of stainless steels (50 to 100 A). There is no nitriding, no carburizing, no implantation (as the analysis by SDL proves).
  • the treatment consists of a modification of the surface state: passivation and / or amorphization.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Korrosionsbestandigkeit eines Metallwerkstoffes, nach welchem der bei einer Temperatur unter 100°C gehaltene Metallwerkstoff einer Oberflächenbehandlung durch Plasma bei niedriger Temperatur, einem Druck von 1 bis 103 Pa in einer Atmosphäre, die wenigstens ein Gas, ausgewählt aus Sauerstoff, Ozon, Stickstoff, Wasserstoff, Luft, Kohlendioxid, Kohlenmonoxid, Stickoxiden, Wasser, Verbrennungsgasen und Gemischen derselben mit einem Neutralgas enthält, unterworfen wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Behandlungszeit zwischen 1 Sekunde und 10 Minuten liegt.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man bei einer Spannung von 100 bis 5000 V arbeitet.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Atmosphäre durch ein Gemisch aus Sauerstoff und Stickstoff gebildet ist.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Atmosphäre durch Kohlendioxid gebildet ist.
  6. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Metallwerkstoff aus rostfreiem Stahl ist.
  7. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Metallwerkstoff aus gewöhnlichem oder schwach legiertem Stahl, Kohlenstoffstahl, Vergütungsstahl oder hochschmelzendem Stahl ist.
  8. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Metallwerkstoff Aluminium oder eine Aluminiumlegierung ist.
  9. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Metallwerkstoff Titan oder eine Titanlegierung ist.
  10. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Metallwerkstoff Zirkon oder eine Zirkonlegierung ist.
  11. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Metallwerkstoff Zink oder eine Zinklegierung ist.
  12. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Metallwerkstoff eine Nickelbasis- oder Kobaltbasislegierung ist.
  13. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Metallwerkstoff Kupfer oder eine Kupferlegierung ist.
EP89401071A 1988-04-18 1989-04-18 Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit von metallischen Materialien Expired - Lifetime EP0340077B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89401071T ATE92975T1 (de) 1988-04-18 1989-04-18 Verfahren zur verbesserung der korrosionsbestaendigkeit von metallischen materialien.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8805091A FR2630133B1 (fr) 1988-04-18 1988-04-18 Procede pour l'amelioration de la resistance a la corrosion de materiaux metalliques
FR8805091 1988-04-18

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EP0340077A1 EP0340077A1 (de) 1989-11-02
EP0340077B1 true EP0340077B1 (de) 1993-08-11

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US (1) US5062900A (de)
EP (1) EP0340077B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH03500550A (de)
KR (1) KR960015540B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE92975T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1331745C (de)
DE (1) DE68908249T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2044161T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2630133B1 (de)
MX (1) MX171779B (de)
WO (1) WO1989010424A1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5062900A (en) 1991-11-05
DE68908249D1 (de) 1993-09-16
FR2630133B1 (fr) 1993-09-24
KR960015540B1 (ko) 1996-11-18
MX171779B (es) 1993-11-15
KR900700649A (ko) 1990-08-16
CA1331745C (fr) 1994-08-30
DE68908249T2 (de) 1993-11-25
ES2044161T3 (es) 1994-01-01
EP0340077A1 (de) 1989-11-02
WO1989010424A1 (fr) 1989-11-02
JPH03500550A (ja) 1991-02-07
ATE92975T1 (de) 1993-08-15
FR2630133A1 (fr) 1989-10-20

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