EP0335105B1 - Verfahren zur Vermeidung des Pumpens eines Turboverdichters mittels Abblaseregelung - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Vermeidung des Pumpens eines Turboverdichters mittels Abblaseregelung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0335105B1
EP0335105B1 EP89103056A EP89103056A EP0335105B1 EP 0335105 B1 EP0335105 B1 EP 0335105B1 EP 89103056 A EP89103056 A EP 89103056A EP 89103056 A EP89103056 A EP 89103056A EP 0335105 B1 EP0335105 B1 EP 0335105B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
blow
delivery
minimum
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89103056A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0335105A3 (en
EP0335105A2 (de
Inventor
Wilfried Dr.-Ing. Blotenberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Energy Solutions SE
Original Assignee
MAN Gutehoffnungshutte GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Gutehoffnungshutte GmbH filed Critical MAN Gutehoffnungshutte GmbH
Publication of EP0335105A2 publication Critical patent/EP0335105A2/de
Publication of EP0335105A3 publication Critical patent/EP0335105A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0335105B1 publication Critical patent/EP0335105B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for avoiding the pumping of a turbocompressor supplying a downstream process via a discharge line with a gaseous pressure medium, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a method of the type mentioned is known from DE-B-11 07 887.
  • This method uses two independent control devices, namely a conventional, slow-acting and an additional, fast-acting control device.
  • the conventional control device works in a known manner in accordance with a control difference, which is determined as a function of the intake volume flow and the final pressure of the compressor.
  • the additional control device operates in accordance with values for the pressure or flow of the compressed medium which are recorded close to the downstream process and, if necessary, brings about a rapid partial or complete opening of the single blow-off valve or an additional, parallel blow-off valve.
  • a disadvantage of this method is that it requires two independent, juxtaposed control devices to carry it out, which represents a high technical outlay.
  • the new control method requires only one control device for the blow-off control to be carried out, to which one of two control differences is supplied, which first signals a fault or the larger fault.
  • the additional effort for the implementation of the new control method is therefore advantageously low; however, it is ensured that both malfunctions, the cause of which lies in the area of the turbocompressor, and malfunctions resulting from a downstream process, are recognized at an early stage and converted into corresponding control processes. This ensures safe operation of the turbocompressor without pumps and without pressure drops in the downstream process.
  • the discharge flow can either be measured directly by a corresponding measuring device in a pressure line for the pressure medium led to the process or in a simulation from parameters of the downstream process, such as the position of one or more valves and / or the pressure at one or more points in the process, be calculated.
  • the first method variant is particularly expedient if, for other reasons, a flow measuring device is already available at a suitable point, the measurement results of which can be used for the new method.
  • the calculation of the flow is to be preferred if a flow measuring device would have to be installed especially for the method. This avoids unnecessarily high investment costs. Regardless of the type of recording of the discharge flow, be it by measurement or by calculation, this can be done with one for both ways the procedure can be obtained with sufficient accuracy.
  • the discharge flow is measured as a mass flow, ie as a mass per unit of time, a conversion must be carried out in order to arrive at the same units for the intake volume flow and the discharge flow.
  • the mass flow is in a fixed relationship with the volume flow via the density of the compressed gas and the density in turn is a function of the pressure.
  • a pressure measurement at the input of the process and a subsequent conversion are required to calculate the discharge flow as volume flow.
  • the minimum intake volume flow that is just permissible is a function of the compressor end pressure.
  • the same minimum flow value, supplied by a common function generator as a function of the compressor pressure, is used for the minimum intake volume flow and for the minimum discharge flow.
  • Another, somewhat more complex process variant provides, in order to enable a higher accuracy and greater influence on the process, that for the minimum intake volume flow and for the minimum discharge flow, independently calculated minimum flow values, each supplied by a separate function generator, are used, the minimum intake volume flow as a function of the compressor end pressure and Minimum discharge flow is determined as a function of pressure at the discharge flow detection point near the entrance of the process.
  • blow-off flow through the blow-off valve is additionally detected and added to the discharge flow.
  • the blow-off flow rate is recorded either by a measurement in the blow-off line upstream and downstream of the blow-off valve or by a calculation which saves its own measuring device.
  • the blow-off flow is calculated by means of a simulation calculation from the position of the blow-off valve and the pressure in front of the blow-off valve. This requires a position indicator on the relief valve, which in practice is often already available for other reasons.
  • the blow-off flow can also be calculated from a control variable for the adjustment of the blow-off valve generated in the blow-off control by simulating the dynamic behavior of the blow-off valve and from the pressure in front of the blow-off valve.
  • a simulation of the dynamic behavior of the valve is no problem with the electronic data processing options available today.
  • the temperature of the medium flowing through the blow-off valve and / or the pressure behind the blow-off valve are additionally measured and included in the calculation of the blow-off flow.
  • other variables influencing the flow through the blow-off valve can also be recorded and included in the calculation.
  • the blow-off valve would be primarily controlled by the changes in the blow-off flow or the sum of this and the discharge flow. This causes the compressor to operate at an unnecessarily large distance from the surge limit.
  • the value for the discharge flow or the sum of this and the value for the blow-off flow before entry into the control can be multiplied by a predeterminable factor which is greater than 1.
  • a predeterminable constant can be added to the value for the discharge flow or to the sum of this and the value for the blow-off flow before entering the control. The result of this is that an undesirable increase in the safety distance from the surge limit only occurs if the error in the discharge flow determination becomes greater than the predetermined factor, which can be 1.1, for example, or as the added size.
  • Another embodiment of the method provides that a correction quantity is added to the value for the discharge flow or the sum of the values for the discharge flow and blow-off flow in an additional device with a large time constant, which is changed until the sum corresponds exactly to the intake volume flow .
  • a suitable choice of the time constant of the additional device which can be implemented by an integrator, for example, can ensure that the compensating effect takes place so slowly that temporary dynamic imbalances between the intake volume flow and the discharge flow rate and between the associated control differences can pass unhindered.
  • the integrator can be limited to certain values, in particular negative values, which prevents the setting of an excessively large safety distance from the surge limit.
  • a further embodiment of the method provides that the values for the discharge flow or the sum of this and the word for the blow-off flow are given as an input signal to a compliant reference, the reference essentially consisting of an integrator with an adjustable time constant, the output signal of which this time constant follows the input signal, and the difference between the input and output signals which occurs temporarily after sudden changes in the input signal as a correction variable for one of the intake volume flow and the minimum intake volume flow formed, used in the normal relief control first control difference.
  • This control difference can be changed directly or by applying the correcting variable with the correct sign to the setpoint or actual value for the calculation of the control difference.
  • Such an earlier reaction is not necessary in the event of disturbances in the direction of an increase in the discharge flow, which is why this regulation is expediently designed to act only in the first-mentioned direction of decrease by means of a flexible reference.
  • FIG. 1 A sequence example of the method according to the invention is explained below with reference to a drawing.
  • the single figure of the drawing shows a schematic representation of a turbocompressor along with associated lines, valves and the like elements together with a control scheme of the method.
  • a turbocompressor 1 is shown, the suction side with an intake line 10 and is connected on the pressure side to an output line 11.
  • a blow-off line 20 branches off from the discharge line 11, into which a blow-off valve 2 is switched on. With the blow-off valve 2 open, part of the gaseous medium conveyed into the discharge line 11 by the compressor 1 can be blown off into the atmosphere by the blow-off line 20.
  • the relief valve 2 is adjustable for this purpose by means of a valve actuation device 21.
  • a non-return valve 3 is inserted into this, as usual. After this check valve 3, the discharge line 11 leads to a process downstream of the compressor 1, which is to be supplied with the compressed gaseous medium.
  • a measuring device 4 is used in the intake line 10, which serves to measure the intake volume flow V ⁇ A flowing through the line 10 to the compressor 1.
  • a further measuring device 5 is arranged in the discharge line 11, which serves to measure the compressor end pressure P E.
  • Another measuring device 6 is finally inserted into the discharge line 11 before the process downstream of the compressor 1. This measuring device 6 is used to measure the discharge flow V ⁇ P to the process, with a conversion into volume per unit of time possibly taking place via the density of the medium at the measuring point if the discharge flow is measured as a mass flow, ie as a mass per unit of time.
  • x d1 is defined as the difference between the minimum flow, here the minimum intake volume flow V ⁇ Amin , and the intake volume flow V ⁇ A.
  • the measured values for the discharge flow V ⁇ P are used to calculate a second control difference x d2 , where x d2 is defined as the difference between the minimum flow, here the minimum discharge flow V ⁇ Pmin and the measured discharge flow V ⁇ P.
  • x d2 is defined as the difference between the minimum flow, here the minimum discharge flow V ⁇ Pmin and the measured discharge flow V ⁇ P.
  • the same minimum flow rate is used for both control difference formation in the present example, ie here the minimum intake volume flow rate Vstrom amine is equal to the minimum discharge flow rate V ⁇ Pmin .
  • a separate minimum delivery flow can also be calculated.
  • the two control differences x d1 and x d2 are fed to a maximum value selection. In this maximum value selection, the larger of the two control difference values is selected and fed to the blow-off control as control difference x d .
  • the blow-off control calculates a control variable y from the control difference x d supplied to it, which is applied to the already mentioned valve actuation device 21 for adjusting the blow-off valve 2 and there causes a corresponding adjustment of the blow-off valve 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
EP89103056A 1988-03-30 1989-02-22 Verfahren zur Vermeidung des Pumpens eines Turboverdichters mittels Abblaseregelung Expired - Lifetime EP0335105B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3810717 1988-03-30
DE3810717A DE3810717A1 (de) 1988-03-30 1988-03-30 Verfahren zur vermeidung des pumpens eines turboverdichters mittels abblaseregelung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0335105A2 EP0335105A2 (de) 1989-10-04
EP0335105A3 EP0335105A3 (en) 1990-08-22
EP0335105B1 true EP0335105B1 (de) 1994-11-09

Family

ID=6351007

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89103056A Expired - Lifetime EP0335105B1 (de) 1988-03-30 1989-02-22 Verfahren zur Vermeidung des Pumpens eines Turboverdichters mittels Abblaseregelung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4948332A (ja)
EP (1) EP0335105B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH01300093A (ja)
AT (1) ATE114021T1 (ja)
DE (2) DE3810717A1 (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10012380A1 (de) * 2000-03-14 2001-09-20 Man Turbomasch Ag Ghh Borsig Verfahren zum Schutz eines Turbokompressors vor Betrieb im instabilen Arbeitsbereich

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5195875A (en) * 1991-12-05 1993-03-23 Dresser-Rand Company Antisurge control system for compressors
US5306116A (en) * 1992-04-10 1994-04-26 Ingersoll-Rand Company Surge control and recovery for a centrifugal compressor
JP3658415B2 (ja) * 1993-12-28 2005-06-08 株式会社 日立インダストリイズ ガスタービン装置
DE19528253C2 (de) * 1995-08-01 1997-10-16 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Vermeidung von Reglerinstabilitäten bei Pumpgrenzregelungen beim Betrieb von Strömungsmaschinen mit Reglern hoher Prportionalverstärkung
DE19726547A1 (de) * 1997-06-23 1999-01-28 Babcock Bsh Gmbh Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Betriebspunktes eines Ventilators und Ventilator
DE19828368C2 (de) * 1998-06-26 2001-10-18 Man Turbomasch Ag Ghh Borsig Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben von zwei- oder mehrstufigen Verdichtern
CN100557249C (zh) * 2006-11-08 2009-11-04 财团法人工业技术研究院 压缩机喘振的预判方法
EP2101240B1 (de) * 2008-03-10 2013-06-26 Karl Morgenbesser Regelorgan für Fluide
IT1402481B1 (it) * 2010-10-27 2013-09-13 Nuovo Pignone Spa Metodo e dispositivo che effettua una compensazione del tempo morto di anti-pompaggio basata su modello
JP6501380B2 (ja) * 2014-07-01 2019-04-17 三菱重工コンプレッサ株式会社 多段圧縮機システム、制御装置、異常判定方法及びプログラム
RU2016112469A (ru) * 2016-04-01 2017-10-04 Фишер-Роузмаунт Системз, Инк. Способы и устройство для обнаружения и предотвращения помпажа компрессора
KR101989588B1 (ko) * 2018-11-27 2019-06-14 터보윈 주식회사 서지 영역에서의 운전이 가능한 터보 블로어
CN117704286B (zh) * 2023-12-25 2024-06-14 玉得气体有限责任公司 一种中低压氮压机配合控制方法

Family Cites Families (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1107887B (de) * 1957-04-16 1961-05-31 Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd Regler zur Pumpverhuetung bei Stroemungsverdichtern
US3276674A (en) * 1963-03-06 1966-10-04 Shell Oil Co Method for preventing surging of compressors
DE1428066A1 (de) * 1963-08-30 1968-11-28 Continental Elektro Ind Ag Grenzmengenregelung an Turboverdichtern
US3994623A (en) * 1975-02-11 1976-11-30 Compressor Controls Corporation Method and apparatus for controlling a dynamic compressor
DE2623899C3 (de) * 1976-05-28 1989-06-08 MAN Gutehoffnungshütte GmbH, 4200 Oberhausen Verfahren zum Betreiben von Turboverdichtern in der Nähe der Pumpgrenze
US4139328A (en) * 1977-05-25 1979-02-13 Gutehoffnungshitte Sterkrade Ag Method of operating large turbo compressors
DE2735246C2 (de) * 1977-08-04 1985-07-18 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Regeleinrichtung für einen Turboverdichter
US4486142A (en) * 1977-12-01 1984-12-04 Naum Staroselsky Method of automatic limitation for a controlled variable in a multivariable system
DE3105376C2 (de) * 1981-02-14 1984-08-23 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 4200 Oberhausen Verfahren zum Betreiben von Turboverdichtern
US4464720A (en) * 1982-02-12 1984-08-07 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Centrifugal compressor surge control system
US4560319A (en) * 1983-08-01 1985-12-24 MAN Maschinenfabrik Unternehmensbereich GHH Sterkrade Method and apparatus for controlling at least two parallel-connected turbocompressors
US4697980A (en) * 1984-08-20 1987-10-06 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Adaptive gain compressor surge control system
DE3540088A1 (de) * 1985-11-12 1987-05-14 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Verfahren zur erfassung von pumpstoessen an turbokompressoren
DE3540285A1 (de) * 1985-11-13 1987-05-14 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Verfahren und einrichtung zum regeln von turbokompressoren
DE3544822A1 (de) * 1985-12-18 1987-06-19 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Verfahren zur pumpgrenzregelung von turbokomporessoren
DE3544821A1 (de) * 1985-12-18 1987-06-19 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Verfahren zum regeln von turbokompressoren zur vermeidung des pumpens
DE3620614A1 (de) * 1986-06-20 1987-12-23 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Verfahren zum filtern eines verrauschten signals
US4781524A (en) * 1987-02-12 1988-11-01 Man Gutehoffnungshuette Gmbh Method and apparatus for detecting pressure surges in a turbo-compressor
JP2585324B2 (ja) * 1987-12-09 1997-02-26 株式会社日立製作所 ガスタービンの制御方法及びその装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10012380A1 (de) * 2000-03-14 2001-09-20 Man Turbomasch Ag Ghh Borsig Verfahren zum Schutz eines Turbokompressors vor Betrieb im instabilen Arbeitsbereich

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3810717A1 (de) 1989-10-19
DE58908615D1 (de) 1994-12-15
ATE114021T1 (de) 1994-11-15
US4948332A (en) 1990-08-14
EP0335105A3 (en) 1990-08-22
EP0335105A2 (de) 1989-10-04
JPH01300093A (ja) 1989-12-04
DE3810717C2 (ja) 1992-06-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0335105B1 (de) Verfahren zur Vermeidung des Pumpens eines Turboverdichters mittels Abblaseregelung
DE68910467T2 (de) Modus und Gerät zur Vermeidung des Pumpens in einem dynamischen Verdichter.
EP1134422B1 (de) Verfahren zur Regulierung des Pumpens eines Turbokompressors
DE69618140T2 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Lastausgleichung zwischen mehreren Verdichtern
EP2033057B1 (de) Vorrichtung und verfahren zum durchführen eines stellorganfunktionstests an einer strömungsmaschine
EP0132487B1 (de) Verfahren zum Regeln von mindestens zwei parallel geschalteten Turbokompressoren
DE3023550C2 (ja)
EP0058305B1 (de) Steuerung von Turboverdichtern zum Verhindern des Pumpens
DE19828368C2 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben von zwei- oder mehrstufigen Verdichtern
DE2838650A1 (de) Druckstoss-steuersystem fuer verdichter
DE102012105951A1 (de) Pumpensystem zur Evakuierung von Gas aus einer Mehrzahl von Kammern sowie Verfahren zur Steuerung des Pumpensystems
DE2838700A1 (de) Druckstoss-steuersystem fuer verdichter
EP1069314A1 (de) Regelung einer Kompressoreinheit
EP1016787A2 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kompressors mit nachgeschaltetem Verbraucher, und nach dem Verfahren arbeitende Anlage
DE2605025A1 (de) Verfahren und apparatur zur steuerung eines dynamischen kompressors
EP0243675B1 (de) Verfahren zur Pulsationsdämpfung bei Kolbenkompressoren
DE3540284A1 (de) Einrichtung zum regeln eines turbokompressors zur verhinderung des pumpens
DE1274852B (de) Ausgleichsvorrichtung fuer mehrere parallel arbeitende Gasturbinenanlagen
EP0334034B1 (de) Regelverfahren zur Vermeidung des Pumpens eines Turbokompressors
EP0222382B1 (de) Verfahren zum Regeln von Turbokompressoren
WO2007087907A1 (de) Verfahren zum betreiben einer feuerungsanlage
DE2503525A1 (de) Luftablassvorrichtung fuer den verdichter eines gasturbinentriebwerks
DE102008005354B4 (de) Verfahren zur Regelung einer Strömungsmaschine
DE4316202C2 (de) Verfahren zur Überwachung der Pumpgrenze eines Turboverdichters mit Vorleitapparat und Nachleitapparat
EP0757180B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben von Strömungsmaschinen mit Reglern mit hoher Propertionalverstärkung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT CH DE GB IT LI NL

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT CH DE GB IT LI NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19910218

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19920117

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE GB IT LI NL

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 114021

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19941115

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 58908615

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19941215

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19950202

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PUE

Owner name: MAN GUTEHOFFNUNGSHUETTE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT -DANN A

NLS Nl: assignments of ep-patents

Owner name: GHH BORSIG TURBOMASCHINEN GMBH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20070213

Year of fee payment: 19

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PUE

Owner name: DR. WILFRIED BLOTENBERG

Free format text: MAN TURBO AG#STEINBRINKSTRASSE 1#46145 OBERHAUSEN (DE) -TRANSFER TO- DR. WILFRIED BLOTENBERG#IRKENSBUSCH 28#46535 DINSLAKEN (DE)

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PFA

Owner name: MAN TURBO AG

Free format text: GHH BORSIG TURBOMASCHINEN GMBH#BAHNHOFSTRASSE 66#46145 OBERHAUSEN (DE) -TRANSFER TO- MAN TURBO AG#STEINBRINKSTRASSE 1#46145 OBERHAUSEN (DE)

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20080215

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20080214

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20080219

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20080220

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20080220

Year of fee payment: 20

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080222

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

Expiry date: 20090221

NLV7 Nl: ceased due to reaching the maximum lifetime of a patent

Effective date: 20090222

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20090222

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20090221