EP0325759B1 - Antennenwähler - Google Patents

Antennenwähler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0325759B1
EP0325759B1 EP88121054A EP88121054A EP0325759B1 EP 0325759 B1 EP0325759 B1 EP 0325759B1 EP 88121054 A EP88121054 A EP 88121054A EP 88121054 A EP88121054 A EP 88121054A EP 0325759 B1 EP0325759 B1 EP 0325759B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
level
antenna
matrix
feeder lines
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88121054A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0325759A1 (de
Inventor
Stojan Davcev
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Original Assignee
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd filed Critical ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Publication of EP0325759A1 publication Critical patent/EP0325759A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0325759B1 publication Critical patent/EP0325759B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/10—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting
    • H01P1/12—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting by mechanical chopper

Definitions

  • Such an antenna selector is e.g. known from CH-PS 298 004.
  • Such broadcasting systems usually also include a plurality of transmitters.
  • the transmitter systems mostly comprise a very different number of transmitters and antennas, but existing systems are also often expanded later, it is particularly expedient and economical to construct the switching device according to the modular principle.
  • the rows of the matrix are assigned to the transmitters, the columns of the matrix to the antennas.
  • the elements of the matrix are formed by individual switches.
  • first feed lines run parallel to one another, which are fed by the transmitters, and correspond to the rows of the matrix.
  • the second level also parallel to each other, but perpendicular to the first feed lines, runs second feed lines, which feed the RF power of the transmitters into the antennas and correspond to the columns of the matrix.
  • each switching level corresponds to a feed line level.
  • the switches have two switch positions: in the first switch position, the first feed line running through the respective crossing point is connected on one switching level. The same happens on the other switching level with the corresponding second feed line. Both feed lines conduct the RF power undisturbed and without changing direction through this crossing point.
  • both through connections are canceled.
  • the switch-side end of the first feed line is linked to the switch-side start of the second feed line via a fixed conductor bridge that runs within the switch between the two switching levels.
  • a corner connection is created, which redirects the power fed in by the transmitter to the antenna assigned to the switch.
  • each transmitter can be connected to every antenna (even in different ways).
  • each of the cuboid switches has a depth of about one meter and a footprint of about 0.5 x 0.5 m2.
  • the essence of the invention is therefore to equip each existing switch of an antenna selector matrix with an additional switching function by means of a third switching level.
  • the first feed lines coming from the transmitters can then optionally be connected to additional third feed lines by means of an additional switch position, which, similarly arranged as the second feed lines, run in a new third level.
  • each switch has to be expanded by a switching level and a switching function
  • the antenna selector according to the invention results in considerable space savings.
  • the antenna selector according to the invention can be constructed according to the same modular principle, so that with standard components a variety of different use cases can be covered.
  • the feed lines are all designed as symmetrical lines.
  • This type of cable which is used primarily in the shortwave range, enables simple internal wiring of the switches and the use of comparatively simple switch contacts.
  • the first level of the transmitter feed lines is arranged between the second and third levels of the antenna feed lines, because then the necessary line bridges between the switching levels take up particularly little space .
  • FIGS. 1-3 The structure of an antenna selector matrix for symmetrical lines, as is known from the prior art, is shown in FIGS. 1-3.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of such a conventional (3 x 4) matrix, with which 3 transmitters and 4 antennas can optionally be connected.
  • This matrix has a first level E1 and a second level E2.
  • the second plane E2 which is arranged parallel to and above the first plane E1, also run parallel to one another but perpendicular to the first feed lines F11, ..., F13, second feed lines F21, ..., F24, which lead to corresponding antenna connections A11, ..., A41, and dissipate the RF power to the respective antennas, provided that a corresponding circuit has been made in the matrix.
  • the arrangement of the first and second feed lines perpendicular to one another results in crossing points.
  • a switch is provided in each of these crossing points, the switch with the general reference number Snm being located precisely in the crossing point of the feed lines from the transmitter connection Tn and to the antenna connection Am1 (switches S11; S14; ..., S34 and S31 are exemplary in FIG. 1 , ..., S33 with reference numerals).
  • Each of the switches is shown schematically in FIG. 1 as a double cube. It contains a switching device, not shown, which can be rotated about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the planes E1, E2 (D14 for switch S14 in FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 2 provides further information about the internal structure of a switch Snm.
  • the associated first feed line (which comes from the transmitter connection Tn) is connected through in the switch on the first switching level SE1.
  • the associated second feed line (which leads to the antenna connection Am1) is connected through in the switch in the second switching level SE2.
  • a first input I11 or I21 with an opposite first output Q11 or Q21 by a pair are on the first and second switching level SE1 or SE2 of conductor bridges L firmly connected (the belonging of two conductor bridges L of a pair to a symmetrical line is indicated by hatching in FIG. 2).
  • each of the two pairs of conductor bridges realizes the interconnection of the associated feed lines at the different levels. If all 12 switches of the matrix from FIG. 1 are in this first switch position, there is no switched connection between the first feed lines F11, ..., F13 and the second feed lines F21, ..., F24.
  • a second input I12 takes the place of the first input I11 in the switching level SE1.
  • a second output Q22 takes the place of the first output Q21 in the switching level SE2.
  • the second input I12 of the first switching level SE1 and the second output Q22 of the second switching level SE2 are now also connected by a pair of conductor bridges L.
  • this pair connects the associated first to the associated second feed line, i.e. the transmitter connection Tn with the antenna connection Am1), while the through connection on both levels E1 and E2 is canceled by the rotation of the other conductor bridges L. Since this U-ECk connection is seen from the transmitter to the left, the switch design according to FIG. 2 is also referred to as a left switch.
  • the second input I12 and the second output Q22 are on the opposite side of their respective switching levels SE1 and SE2.
  • a switch To switch to the second switch position, a switch must be this type can be rotated by 90 ° in the opposite direction. The antenna connections are then on the right side of the matrix, as seen from the transmitter.
  • the exemplary switching state of a known (3 ⁇ 4) matrix is shown in FIG. 3 in a two-level representation.
  • the two switching levels of each switch are indicated by circles offset in perspective, which are connected by a rotation axis drawn in dashed lines (e.g. D31 for switch S31).
  • the feed lines which are symmetrical per se are indicated here, as in FIG. 1, for the sake of simplicity, in each case by a single line.
  • the switches S11, ..., S13; S22, ..., S24, S31, S32 and S34 are in the switching state shown in the first switching position, the other switches in the second. It can be easily understood that the first transmitter connection T1 is connected to the fourth antenna connection A41, the second transmitter connection T2 is connected to the first antenna connection A11, and the third transmitter connection T3 is connected to the third antenna connection A31.
  • the third level E3 is arranged below the first level E1. It contains a number of third feed lines F31, ..., F34, which lead to corresponding antenna connections A12, ..., A42.
  • the third feed lines F31, ..., F34, just like the second feed lines F21, ..., F24, run parallel to one another and perpendicular to the first feed lines F11, ..., F13. They are also arranged so that they cross the first feed lines F11, ..., F13 in the same points as the second feed lines F21, ..., F24.
  • Each of the switches on the third level E3 is extended by a third switching level and thus takes over not only the selection of the left antenna connections (A11, ..., A41), but also the right antenna connections (A12, ..., A42), see above that with a (3 x 4) matrix, not only 4 but even 8 antennas can now be selected.
  • the modified switch Snm is shown in a form comparable to FIG. 2 in FIG. 5.
  • a third level E3 with a corresponding switching level SE3 has been added to the levels E1 and E2 already known from FIG. 2.
  • This third switching level SE3 contains an input I31, an opposite first output Q31 and a second output Q32.
  • the input I31 is permanently connected to the first output Q31 via a pair of conductor bridges L.
  • the second output Q32 of the third switching level SE3 is connected with a comparable pair of conductors to a third input I13 on the first switching level, which is arranged opposite the second input I12 of this level.
  • the 5 has three switch positions: In the first switch position, the associated feed lines are connected through on each switching level. This switch position thus corresponds to the first switch position of the known switch from FIG. 2.
  • the associated first feed line is connected to the associated third feed line via a corner; the first and third switching levels SE1 and SE3 act like the right switch described above.
  • the preferred embodiment of a switch according to FIG. 5 is shown in perspective in FIG. 6.
  • the switch comprises a frame structure 1, in each of which a contact disk 3 is accommodated on the three switching levels SE1, ..., SE3.
  • the contact disks 3 sit on a common switching axis 2 and are each composed of a plurality of ceramic contact arms 5 which have contacts (not shown) at their outer ends. A pair of adjacent contact arms forms one of the inputs and outputs in a switching level.
  • the contacts of these contact arm pairs are in engagement with corresponding fixed contacts 6, which are attached to the outer ends of likewise ceramic contact carriers 4 which are fixedly mounted on the frame structure.
  • the conductor bridges L present in the switch consist of copper tube with a special surface treatment.
  • FIG. 7 An exemplary switching state of a (3 ⁇ 4) matrix with 3-level switches according to FIG. 6 is shown in FIG. 7, analogously to FIG. 3.
  • the switches S11, S13, S14, S21, S23, S24, S31, S32 and S34 are in the first switch position (0), the switches S12 and S33 in the second switch position (1), and the switch S22 in the third switch position (2). It can immediately be seen that in this way the first transmitter connection T1 is connected to the antenna connection A21, the second transmitter connection T2 to the antenna connection A22, and the third transmitter connection T3 to the antenna connection A31.
  • the position of the planes can be interchanged as desired. In principle, however, other levels can also be added beyond the third level E3 if corresponding switching levels and switching positions are provided for the switches.
  • the number S k of the switches is reduced from the previous T n x A m to a maximum so that, as shown in Fig. 8, for 16 antenna connections A11, ..., A81; A12, ..., A82 and 4 transmitter connections T1, ..., T4 only 32 switches in a (4 x 8) matrix are required.
  • the flexibility of the antenna selector ie the number of different ways in which certain antennas can be selected, can be increased if, as shown in FIG. 9, the matrix on the transmitter side as well as on the antenna side is at least around an additional series of switches (S00, ..., S08; S10, ..., S40; S50, ..., S58) will be expanded.
  • a number of modified switches SS1 are also provided on the sides of antenna connections A11, ..., A82 , ..., SS8 or SS9, ..., SS16 is provided.
  • These modified switches SS1,..., SS16 are constructed according to the principle of the switches from FIG. 5 in such a way that they enable a switchover from the second or third level E2 or E3 to the first level E1.
  • energy can be fed into the transmitter connections T1, ..., T8 and taken off at the antenna connections A11, ..., A82 and vice versa (indicated by the double arrows in FIG. 8).
  • the RF power of the transmitters can be fed into the first feed lines from both sides if appropriately modified switches are used, or the antennas are all arranged on one side of the matrix. This also contributes to an increased adaptability of the antenna selector.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
EP88121054A 1988-01-26 1988-12-16 Antennenwähler Expired - Lifetime EP0325759B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH261/88A CH675927A5 (lt) 1988-01-26 1988-01-26
CH261/88 1988-01-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0325759A1 EP0325759A1 (de) 1989-08-02
EP0325759B1 true EP0325759B1 (de) 1993-09-29

Family

ID=4182973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88121054A Expired - Lifetime EP0325759B1 (de) 1988-01-26 1988-12-16 Antennenwähler

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4908587A (lt)
EP (1) EP0325759B1 (lt)
JP (1) JPH01216628A (lt)
CH (1) CH675927A5 (lt)
DE (1) DE3884598D1 (lt)
IN (1) IN171731B (lt)
SU (1) SU1711688A3 (lt)
YU (1) YU239188A (lt)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5543807A (en) * 1992-11-25 1996-08-06 Loral Corporation Electronic commutation switch for cylindrical array antennas
JPH11308144A (ja) * 1998-04-24 1999-11-05 Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd 通信装置
CA2316059A1 (en) * 1999-08-24 2001-02-24 Virgilio C. Go Boncan Methods and compositions for use in cementing in cold environments
US6876163B2 (en) * 2002-10-03 2005-04-05 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. DC motor having a braking circuit
US7015869B2 (en) * 2002-11-18 2006-03-21 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. High frequency antenna disposed on the surface of a three dimensional substrate
US7511593B2 (en) * 2006-08-14 2009-03-31 Eacceleration Corporation DVI-compatible multi-pole double-throw mechanical switch

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR938348A (fr) * 1946-12-26 1948-09-10 Radio Electr Soc Fr Commutateur de feeders
CH298004A (de) * 1952-01-05 1954-04-15 Patelhold Patentverwertung Vorrichtung zur beliebigen Aufschaltung einzelner Sender auf einzelne Antennen.
DE1075688B (de) * 1957-09-11 1960-02-18 TESLA narodni podnik Prag Hloubetm Zweidrahtverbmdungs glied fur die Schaltvorrichtung eines Antennen-Kreuzwahlersystems
GB927388A (en) * 1961-04-27 1963-05-29 Continental Electronics Mfg Radio frequency transmission line switching system
US3260967A (en) * 1962-10-24 1966-07-12 Jennings Radio Mfg Corp Cross-point switching system
US3534193A (en) * 1968-01-03 1970-10-13 Ramcor Inc Transmission-line switch for cross-bar switching of very high power at radio frequencies
US3588390A (en) * 1969-09-25 1971-06-28 Delta Electronics Inc Matrix-type balanced line switch system
US3885117A (en) * 1974-04-03 1975-05-20 Kenneth Owen Balanced line switch system
US4070637A (en) * 1976-03-25 1978-01-24 Communications Satellite Corporation Redundant microwave configuration
US4201963A (en) * 1978-01-26 1980-05-06 Communications Satellite Corporation 3-Position, 4-port waveguide switch
WO1987005155A1 (en) * 1986-02-18 1987-08-27 Teldix Gmbh Microwave switch with at least two switching positions
CH675036A5 (lt) * 1986-10-22 1990-08-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN171731B (lt) 1992-12-26
YU239188A (en) 1991-02-28
SU1711688A3 (ru) 1992-02-07
JPH01216628A (ja) 1989-08-30
EP0325759A1 (de) 1989-08-02
CH675927A5 (lt) 1990-11-15
DE3884598D1 (de) 1993-11-04
US4908587A (en) 1990-03-13

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