EP0313508A2 - Stratifié et procédé pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Stratifié et procédé pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0313508A2
EP0313508A2 EP88710040A EP88710040A EP0313508A2 EP 0313508 A2 EP0313508 A2 EP 0313508A2 EP 88710040 A EP88710040 A EP 88710040A EP 88710040 A EP88710040 A EP 88710040A EP 0313508 A2 EP0313508 A2 EP 0313508A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laminate
fibers
laminate according
support
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88710040A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0313508A3 (fr
Inventor
Helmuth Schmoock
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0313508A2 publication Critical patent/EP0313508A2/fr
Publication of EP0313508A3 publication Critical patent/EP0313508A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/593—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives to layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laminate with two contact surfaces opposite one another with a predetermined spacing of a laminate thickness, which consists of at least two layers of fibers lying on top of one another, between which air spaces are enclosed, which are connected to one another.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a laminate with two contact surfaces lying opposite one another with a spacing predetermined by the laminate thickness, between which at least two layers of fibers lying one on top of the other are provided, between which air spaces are enclosed which are connected to one another.
  • Such laminates are used, for example, as fleece in a variety of applications as insulating materials. They are used both as a material for thermal insulation and for sound insulation. The structure of these materials favors this use. It consists of a large number of interconnected fibers, between which relatively large air spaces are enclosed. The fibers can be connected to one another by binders. In the case of thermoplastic melting synthetic fibers, a connection between the individual fibers can also be brought about by heating the fibers up to their plasticity limit and connecting them plastically. Depending on the use of the material to be manufactured, continuous fibers can be used both for the thermoplastic connection of the individual fibers and for their connection with the aid of adhesives, which fibers are connected to one another, or finite pieces which are introduced into a corresponding bed.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to improve the laminate of the type mentioned above with regard to its thermal insulation properties.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that at least some fibers are covered on at least part of their surface by a coating which is formed as a reflection layer which at least partially reflects radiation.
  • the coating makes it possible to give the laminate configurable properties in a wide range. For example, it is possible to design the coating as a woven, knitted or membrane. This gives the surface of the laminate a high mechanical strength, which enables easy processing of the laminate.
  • the use of moisture-resistant and water vapor-permeable coatings also makes it possible to use it to furnish items of clothing in which an essential aspect is to be seen in the fact that moisture released by a wearer of the item of clothing can be released to the environment, from the environment to the wearer the moisture in the clothing is not passed on to the surface of the skin.
  • the coating can also be used as a support for secondary coatings, which give the laminate additional properties.
  • the fibers form a fleece.
  • a laminate has excellent thermal insulation properties. Due to its structure, it is suitable for reliably preventing heat conduction. In addition, the layer applied to the individual fibers reflects the heat radiation, so that it largely prevents the heat radiation from the warm body.
  • Such a laminate is extremely suitable as a high-quality thermal insulation material. In a comparably thin wall strengths, it achieves very good thermal insulation. Nevertheless, this laminate does not hinder the exchange of moisture between the body that emits heat and its cool surroundings. In this way, the laminate is particularly suitable as a heat-insulating insert for clothing. Tests have shown that such heat-insulating inserts have an improvement in heat insulation of more than 20% compared to non-reflective inserts. In view of the fact that relatively thin reflective layers are sufficient to achieve very favorable reflection values, the material also remains flexible and resistant to mechanical stress without the reflective layer having any negative effects.
  • a reflective layer In order to be able to produce such a laminate, a reflective layer must be deposited on the fibers of the laminate facing the heat-radiating body. This reflection layer should be applied as evenly as possible in order to achieve good reflection properties.
  • a further object of the present invention is therefore to operate the method of the type mentioned in the introduction in such a way that the individual fibers are given a surface which is highly heat-reflecting.
  • the laminate is vapor-deposited on at least one support surface with a metal, and the metal is deposited on the fibers facing the support surface.
  • the vapor deposition of the metal ensures that the metal layer applied to the individual fibers becomes high-gloss.
  • This metal layer therefore reflects the heat radiation of the heat-giving body in an excellent manner.
  • this metal layer is applied very evenly, so that non-uniformities impairing heat reflection are avoided.
  • the evaporation of the metal layer has the advantage that the reflective layer and thus is flexible against mechanical deformation. In this way it is prevented that the reflective layer is impaired in terms of its heat-reflecting properties by mechanical deformations, even in the case of strong mechanical deformations.
  • the elastic metal layer can adapt to the mechanical deformations of the entire laminate without breaking. The laminate remains elastic and is therefore not impaired in its ability to be used in cases in which a strong elastic deformability of the thermal insulation material is required, such as in clothing.
  • a laminate (1) essentially consists of two bearing surfaces (2, 3) that run approximately plane-parallel, between which there is a predetermined distance (4).
  • This distance (4) corresponds to the thickness of the laminate (1).
  • This thickness is determined by the fact that several, but at least two, layers (5, 6) of fibers (7) lie on one another in the laminate. Cavities (8) are formed between the fibers (7) and are filled with air.
  • the individual fibers (7) can be connected to one another by an adhesive (9). It is also possible to connect the fibers (7) to one another in another way.
  • the fibers (7) can be designed as a thermoplastic. Such thermoplastic fibers are heated to their softening point, so that they bond to each other when they cool down.
  • the fibers (7) can be designed as finite pieces (10). However, it is also conceivable to design the fibers (7) as infinite threads (11) which extend through the laminate (1) both in the vertical direction (FIG. 3) and in the horizontal direction (FIG. 4). These infinite threads (11) are also connected to one another either by an adhesive (12) or by thermoplastic welding connected. The adhesive (12) is sprayed onto the initially laid fibers (7) in a manner similar to the wadding (9) or distributed in a different way.
  • the individual fibers (7) are provided with a reflection layer (14) on at least part of their surface (13).
  • This reflection layer (14) can consist of a thin metal film which is applied to at least part of the surface (13). This part of the surface (13) faces either the support surface (2) or the support surface (3). It is also conceivable to direct a metal vapor (15) suitable for producing the reflection layer (14) onto both bearing surfaces (2, 3) so that the individual fibers (7), depending on their position within the laminate (1), over their entire length Surface (13), but at least on the parts of the surface (13) facing the bearing surfaces (2, 3) are connected to the reflection layer (14).
  • the individual layers (5, 6) can be arranged in the laminate (1) in different ways.
  • the layer (5) can be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the laminate (1), while the layer (6) runs transversely to it.
  • the individual fibers (7) are carded and laid. They can be connected to one another by suitable needle techniques.
  • the reflection layer (14) is applied directly to the carded fibers without the individual fibers (7) being connected directly to one another.
  • the resulting laminates (1) are particularly suitable as underlays for mattresses, but also for the production of sleeping bags.
  • such nonwoven fabrics can be used as inlays. In particular, use for seats of car seats is also possible.
  • the laminates (1) used have a thickness that is predetermined by their respective intended use. It can be assumed that, for example, the distance (4) with a laminate used for insoles will generally not exceed 0.5 cm. In contrast, the distance (4) for laminates (1), which are used to manufacture mattresses or sleeping bags, can reach a thickness of several centimeters depending on the desired thermal insulation.
  • the fibers (7) can be made from natural products, for example wool. However, it is also possible to use synthetic fibers. Decisive for the selection of the laminate (1) and the fibers (7) used in it is the fact that the laminate (1) must be permeable to water vapor. The moisture can diffuse through the laminate, so that moisture exchange is ensured.
  • the individual fibers are connected to each other by a binder.
  • a binder In particular, acrylate bonds or other high polymers come into consideration.
  • These adhesives are sprayed onto a scrim made of the fibers (7) so that they are evenly distributed over the fibers (7) forming the scrim.
  • the scrim is warmed up.
  • the surfaces of the individual plastic fibers become soft and bond with one another. After they have cooled down again, they adhere firmly to one another.
  • the laminate (1) After the laminate (1) has been produced in this way, it is vapor-deposited on at least one side with metal.
  • the metal vapor is deposited on the fibers (7).
  • the steamed side of the fibers becomes shiny and creates a heat-reflecting effect.
  • the laminate (1) formed in this way can either face one of its two contact surfaces (2) or the other side of the body to be insulated against heat flow.
  • the individual fibers (7) can consist of the same or different materials, depending on the type of properties desired. For example, it is conceivable to combine fibers of different cross sections with one another.
  • fibers (7) of different basic materials or different cross sections and strengths can also be combined with one another.
  • All metals that have a glossy surface and retain it over the long term are suitable for vapor deposition.
  • the first thing to think of is aluminum, which is particularly suitable for vapor deposition technology. It retains its glossy properties even after long use, without the reflective layer losing its ability to reflect, for example due to oxidation. It is also possible to use other metals, such as chrome.
  • a pretreatment of the laminate (1) is carried out before the coating of the laminate (1).
  • This can consist in that the liability of the metal the fibers (7) is increased.
  • a corona pressure pretreatment comes into consideration as a pretreatment method, in which the laminate (1) to be vapor-deposited is passed through a faint blue shimmering electric field.
  • the coating can be designed as a support (49) covering the laminate (1).
  • the support (49) is designed as a membrane (50) which is permeable to water vapor at least in a direction running transversely to the support surface (2, 3).
  • the support (49) it is also possible to design the support (49) as a fiber composite (51) which consists of fibers which are combined to form a woven or knitted fabric. It is also possible to form the support (49) both from a membrane (50) and from a fiber composite (51).
  • the fiber composite (51) is arranged to increase the strength of the laminate (1) in the area of the support surface (2, 3) and is connected to the membrane (50) in the area of its surface facing away from the laminate (1).
  • the arrangement of a support (49) in the area of the support surface (2, 3) enables the laminate (1) to be secured against the ingress of water while at the same time ensuring that water vapor passes.
  • the handling of the laminate (1) is significantly improved by the support (49).
  • a support (49) designed as a layer (5, 6) is vapor-coated with the reflective layer (14) after it has been connected to the laminate (1). It is also possible to provide the support (49) with the reflective layer (14) before it is connected to the laminate (1) and to connect the support (49) together with the reflective layer (14) to the laminate (1). Due to the vapor deposition of the support (49), a high-quality reflective layer (14) is formed using little material.
  • the laminate (1) is passed over an evaporator source (16), which is connected to an elec trical power source (17).
  • the electrical current flowing through the evaporator source (16) heats the evaporator source so high that under the influence of a negative pressure (19) prevailing in a housing (18), a metal bath (20) can form in the evaporator source (16), to which the metal vapor (15) in the direction of the bearing surface (2) of the laminate (1).
  • the laminate (1) is passed through openings (21, 22) through the housing at a distance of approximately 5 to 150 mm, preferably 100 mm, above the evaporator source. It is conceivable that the unevaporated laminate (1) and the evaporated laminate (2) are unwound within the housing (18). However, it is also conceivable for the unwinding (23) and the winding (24) to take place outside the housing (18).
  • a spraying station (25), in which a binder (26) is sprayed onto the laminate (1) can also be arranged in front of the evaporator source (16) within the device for producing the vapor-coated laminate (1).
  • the binder (26) is introduced into the spraying station (25) under increased pressure. This increased pressure can be applied to the binder (26), for example with the aid of a piston (28) working in a cylinder (27).
  • a drying station (46) can be provided, in which the binder (26) applied is dried by infrared rays (47, 48).
  • the spray station (25) lies in the feed direction (29) of the laminate (1) in front of the evaporator source (16).
  • a pretreatment station (30) can be placed between the spray station (25) and the evaporator source (16). be provided.
  • the laminate (1) is pretreated before it is introduced into the housing (18) in such a way that the individual fiber (7) is particularly suitable for binding the metal layer produced by the metal vapor (15) on it.
  • the laminate is passed through an electrical field (31) which is generated, for example, with the aid of two capacitor plates (32, 33) located opposite one another. These capacitor plates (32, 33) are connected to an electrical voltage source (34).
  • the electric field generated by the capacitor plates (32, 33) prepares the fibers (7) on their surface in such a way that they are particularly suitable for binding the metal on the surface.
  • a drying station (46) can also be provided between the pretreatment station (30) and the spraying station (25), in which the sprayed laminate (1) is dried by infrared rays (47, 48) or in another way.
  • a pretreatment station (30) before it is sprayed.
  • Such a pretreatment station (30) can also be provided before rolling (38, 39).
  • the laminate (1) can also be subjected to the action of metal vapor (15) on both contact surfaces (2, 3). It is possible to first expose the laminate (1) on one surface (3) to the action of metal vapor (35). After the laminate (1) has been deflected on a deflection roller (36), its contact surface (2) is exposed to the metal vapor (15). The evaporation is expediently carried out in both evaporator sources (16, 37) with the same metal. However, depending on the intended use of the laminate (1), it is also possible to vapor-coat it with aluminum on one side and with another metal on the other side.
  • the pretreatment can also be carried out as pre-finishing of the laminate (1) with substances that improve the adhesion of the vapor-deposited metal layer.
  • acrylic acid derivatives or copolymers with butadiene, styrene, acetate, polyurethane or polyester components can be used.
  • the already vapor-coated laminate (1) can be subjected to retrofitting with the aim of further improving the abrasion resistance of the laminate (1).
  • the vapor-coated laminate (1) can also be treated with a fluorocarbon.
  • Fluorocarbons are generally suitable for protecting a substance against the effects of moisture. They prevent moisture from entering a fleece, for example. They also provide effective protection against abrasion and corrosion of the vapor-deposited metal layer. The breathability of the laminate (1) is retained in full even after treatment with the fluorocarbon.
  • the fluorocarbon is expediently applied to the vapor-coated laminate (1) in the form of a special fluorocarbon resin dispersion.
  • the fluorocarbon resin dispersion can also be enriched with an extender that is capable of promoting the attachment of the fluorocarbon resin dispersion.
  • a suitably enriched fluorocarbon resin dispersion makes the vapor-coated laminate (1) washable and cleanable.
  • the resistance of the laminate (1) to influences caused by sweat and condensation is considerably increased. You get the breathability of the laminate (1) without affecting the reflection of the evaporated metal layer.
  • Aftertreatment can also be carried out with the help of silicones and polyurethanes. Such an aftertreatment serves in particular to make the laminate (1) hydro- and oleophobic.
  • the substances applied during the aftertreatment are either sprayed, dipped, gridded or splashed onto the laminate. Foaming is also possible to provide.
  • care must be taken that the material applied during retrofitting adheres to the metal layer in an abrasion-resistant manner.
  • the material is expediently crosslinked.
  • Soft acrylates which have the advantage of being very elastic, are also suitable.
  • the laminate (1) passed over the evaporator source (16) is passed through an immersion bath (41).
  • This immersion bath (41) contains a fluorocarbon (42) required for retrofitting the laminate (1).
  • the laminate (1) is deflected at the entrance to the immersion bath (41) by a deflection roller (43) in the direction of the fluorocarbon (42) standing in the immersion bath (41).
  • a deflection roller (43) Within the immersion bath (41) there is a further deflection of the laminate (1) on a deflection roller (44) arranged within the immersion bath (41).
  • the laminate emerging from the immersion bath (41) is deflected directly behind the immersion bath (41) by a third deflection roller (45) in the direction of a drying station (46).
  • Infrared emitters (47, 48) can be arranged in this drying station, which emit the infrared rays in the direction of the support surfaces (2, 3) and thereby dry the laminate (1).
  • the temperatures crosslink the fluorocarbon (42) absorbed by the laminate (1) and form an elastic layer with the metal coating applied to the fibers (7).
  • the laminate leaving the drying station (46) is rolled up on a winder (24).
  • a fleece consists of finite fibers of a polyester compound.
  • the fibers are 150 gr.
  • the laminate is subjected to a pressure treatment in which it is pressed between two rollers. The two rollers press the excess glue off.
  • the laminate is first loaded with aluminum on its one and after a deflection on the other contact surface steams.
  • the laminate is passed over an evaporator source at a distance of approximately 100 mm.
  • the steamed laminate is subjected to retrofitting. For this purpose, it is passed through an immersion bath containing a fluorocarbon dispersion. After the laminate has passed through the immersion bath, it is dried in a drying station. In this drying station, infrared emitters are provided, the radiation sources of which are 100 mm away from the contact surfaces of the laminate. Air circulation is also provided. After the laminate has passed through the drying station, it can be rolled up on a winder.
  • a non-woven fabric of 20 mm thickness consists of infinite fibers of a thermoplastic. Polypropylene is used as the thermoplastic.
  • the infinite fibers are placed in a scrim that is passed through a heat source. This heat source generates a temperature of 150 degrees Celsius on the fibers of the scrim. At this temperature, the surface of the individual fibers soften and combine to form a fleece. After the individual fibers have cooled, the fleece has a strength which is sufficient for the laminate to be conveyed on a web.
  • the laminate is steamed on one side with aluminum. For this purpose, it is led over an evaporator source at a distance of 100 mm.
  • the laminate is then subjected to retrofitting. For this purpose it is passed under spray nozzles.
  • a silicone compound is sprayed onto the laminate from this spray nozzle.
  • the laminate is then passed through a drying tunnel with a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius. At this temperature, the silicone compound is cross-linked, so that it is an elastic connection with the Me tall layer received.
  • long carded fibers are placed in several layers.
  • fibers running in the longitudinal direction of the feed direction alternate with those that run transversely thereto.
  • the individual layers are connected by a needle technique.
  • the fleece produced in this way is guided with a support surface at a distance of 100 mm over an evaporator source, which emits aluminum vapor in the direction of the support surface.
  • the evaporation of the aluminum takes place at a vacuum of o, ooo1o bar.
  • the aluminum vapor is deposited on the fibers in a thickness of 3/100 u.
  • the metallized side of the individual fibers faces the warm body to be insulated.
  • Metallized fleece of this type is used on the one hand as an insole for shoes.
  • a thick fleece can be used as a base for mattresses and material for sleeping bags.
  • inlays for coats can be made from it.
  • the thermal insulation value of such a fleece improves by about 18% compared to a non-steamed fleece.
  • the moisture resistance of the vaporized fleece is approximately equal to that of the non-vaporized fleece.
  • fleeces are suitable for steaming. It should also be remembered to subject Spannbondedvlies to a metallization. These are fleece, in which the individual fibers are bound together in the spinning process.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP88710040A 1987-10-22 1988-10-24 Stratifié et procédé pour sa fabrication Withdrawn EP0313508A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3735689 1987-10-22
DE19873735689 DE3735689A1 (de) 1987-10-22 1987-10-22 Schichtstoff und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0313508A2 true EP0313508A2 (fr) 1989-04-26
EP0313508A3 EP0313508A3 (fr) 1990-02-28

Family

ID=6338814

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88710040A Withdrawn EP0313508A3 (fr) 1987-10-22 1988-10-24 Stratifié et procédé pour sa fabrication

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0313508A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3735689A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110359312A (zh) * 2014-05-20 2019-10-22 Gpcp知识产权控股有限责任公司 非木材纤维的漂白及碎屑减少方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009006525B4 (de) * 2009-01-28 2011-09-15 Daimler Ag Flächenbauteil mit dekorativer Sichtfläche

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1939339A1 (de) * 1968-08-03 1970-02-19 Rolls Royce Verfahren zur Herstellung von umhuellten bzw. ummantelten Fasern
EP0109638A1 (fr) * 1982-11-23 1984-05-30 Bayer Ag Procédé pour la fabrication de corps plats en textile métallisés
EP0194564A2 (fr) * 1985-03-08 1986-09-17 Konrad Hornschuch Aktiengesellschaft Matériau textile réfléchissant, procédé pour son obtention et son utilisation

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GB809958A (en) * 1954-12-10 1959-03-04 Degussa Improvements in or relating to metallising fully synthetic high polymer textile fibres
DE1182631B (de) * 1961-09-27 1964-12-03 Georg Werner Kunsch Verfahren zur Metallisierung von textilen Flaechengebilden durch Aufdampfen von Metallen im Hochvakuum
DE2146103A1 (de) * 1971-09-15 1973-03-22 Lentia Gmbh Schichtmaterial
DE7213792U (de) * 1972-04-13 1972-08-24 Sandler C Wattiervlies insbesondere fuer anoraks
FI760163A (fr) * 1975-02-05 1976-08-06 Huyck Corp
DE2651238A1 (de) * 1976-11-10 1978-05-18 Ver Seidenwebereien Ag Verfahren zur herstellung eines kugel- und schlagfesten textilen flaechengebildes
GB1601427A (en) * 1977-06-20 1981-10-28 Siemens Ag Deposition of a layer of electrically-conductive material on a graphite body
US4537811A (en) * 1978-04-24 1985-08-27 Energy Sciences, Inc. Electron beam irradiating process for rendering rough or topographically irregular surface substrates smooth; and coated substrates produced thereby
EP0099562A3 (fr) * 1982-07-21 1985-12-11 Akzo GmbH Bande textile à plusieurs couches reliées
FR2548589B1 (fr) * 1983-07-07 1987-02-20 Aerospatiale Procede et dispositif d'impregnation metallique d'un substrat se presentant sous la forme d'une nappe de fibres conductrices du courant electrique
DE8506847U1 (de) * 1985-03-08 1986-07-03 Konrad Hornschuch Ag, 7119 Weissbach Reflektierende Textilbahn

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1939339A1 (de) * 1968-08-03 1970-02-19 Rolls Royce Verfahren zur Herstellung von umhuellten bzw. ummantelten Fasern
EP0109638A1 (fr) * 1982-11-23 1984-05-30 Bayer Ag Procédé pour la fabrication de corps plats en textile métallisés
EP0194564A2 (fr) * 1985-03-08 1986-09-17 Konrad Hornschuch Aktiengesellschaft Matériau textile réfléchissant, procédé pour son obtention et son utilisation

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110359312A (zh) * 2014-05-20 2019-10-22 Gpcp知识产权控股有限责任公司 非木材纤维的漂白及碎屑减少方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3735689A1 (de) 1989-05-18
EP0313508A3 (fr) 1990-02-28

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