EP0281631B1 - Appareil pour refroidir l'air d'un objet par evaporation indirecte - Google Patents

Appareil pour refroidir l'air d'un objet par evaporation indirecte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0281631B1
EP0281631B1 EP87902876A EP87902876A EP0281631B1 EP 0281631 B1 EP0281631 B1 EP 0281631B1 EP 87902876 A EP87902876 A EP 87902876A EP 87902876 A EP87902876 A EP 87902876A EP 0281631 B1 EP0281631 B1 EP 0281631B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channels
section
air
dry
moist
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87902876A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0281631A1 (fr
EP0281631A4 (fr
Inventor
Valery Stepanovich Maisotsenko
Artur Rudolfovich Maiorsky
Nikolai Petrovich Vidyaev
Viktor Yakovlevich Yakimenko
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ODESSKY INZHENERNO-STROITELNY INSTITUT
Original Assignee
ODESSKY INZHENERNO-STROITELNY INSTITUT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SU864091978A external-priority patent/SU1523404A1/ru
Application filed by ODESSKY INZHENERNO-STROITELNY INSTITUT filed Critical ODESSKY INZHENERNO-STROITELNY INSTITUT
Publication of EP0281631A4 publication Critical patent/EP0281631A4/fr
Publication of EP0281631A1 publication Critical patent/EP0281631A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0281631B1 publication Critical patent/EP0281631B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0059—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for indirect evaporative cooling, in particular the air in an object.
  • the system is used to air-condition the air and can be used in cooling technology to create a microclimate in various objects and rooms and to ensure a certain temperature control in cooling systems as well as for cooling various materials down to the temperatures close to the dew point temperature of the outside air.
  • Plants for indirect evaporative cooling of the air are also known.
  • the heat of a main air stream is dissipated through water through a partition wall of a heat exchanger, which is cooled by evaporation in an auxiliary air stream.
  • the water, from which the heat is evaporated in the auxiliary air flow serves as a cold source.
  • the system for indirect evaporative cooling of the air contains alternately arranged dry and moist channels.
  • the main airflow passes through the dry ducts, where it cools without changing its moisture content, and is then directed into the object, while the auxiliary airflow is directed into the moist ducts, where it saturates with water vapor, and after releasing the heat from the main airflow has been absorbed into the atmosphere.
  • the cooling area of the main airflow i.e. limits the temperature of the wet thermometer of the outside air. In practice, this temperature is considerably higher, since losses occur during heat transfer through the wall separating the main flow from the auxiliary flow.
  • the system known from SU-A-979796 also has a small cooling area for the air, with which the air introduced into the object can be cooled to the dew point temperature of the outside air without changing the moisture content, which is considerably lower than the temperature of the Wet thermometer of the outside air.
  • This system for indirect evaporative cooling of the air has alternating dry and moist channels.
  • the outside air the total air flow is directed into the dry channels.
  • the stream is divided into two streams, a main stream and an auxiliary stream.
  • the main flow is directed into the object to be cooled and the auxiliary flow is directed opposite the total flow into the wet channels.
  • the auxiliary stream absorbs moisture and heats up by absorbing heat from the main stream, and is then discharged into the atmosphere.
  • SU-A-571669 also describes a system for indirect evaporative cooling of air in an object, which has a housing with an evaporation trough.
  • Heat exchange surfaces in the form of elongated plates are fitted in the housing.
  • Each of these plates has on one side a capillary-porous material layer on one half and a moisture-impermeable material layer on the other half, while on the other side it has a moisture-impermeable material layer on one half and a capillary porous material layer on the other half.
  • These plates form channels, each of which has a dry and a moist section, which are coupled to one another and arranged in a checkerboard manner to the sections of the adjacent channel.
  • the dry sections on each end of the housing have inlet connections connected to fans and outlet connections connected to the object.
  • the wet sections are throttled on each face of the case and connected to the atmosphere.
  • the outside air is conducted as a total flow with the help of fans from the atmosphere from the opposite end faces of the housing into the dry sections of the ducts.
  • the air cools down to the dew point temperature of the outside air without changing its moisture content.
  • the cooled airflow divides into two parts. A part reaches the wet sections of the canals without changing its direction. The other part is led into the object through its outlet connection. In the moist sections, this part of the air flow absorbs moisture and heats up through the removal of heat from the total air flow which flows through the adjacent dry section and is discharged into the atmosphere in this state.
  • the aerodynamic losses are lower since the air flow is not redirected. Since the air in the object can only be cooled by the supply of outside air and the cooling of the air in the object cannot be carried out by recirculating the air, the air in the object is contaminated by the outside air. Since the temperature of the outside air is always higher in the summer months than the temperature of the cooled air in the object, the cooling of the air of the object by the supply of outside air compared to the cooling by recirculation leads to an increased consumption of energy and also an increase in the required Heat exchange surfaces. With the known system, only air can also be cooled. Other substances, such as solid, liquid or gaseous substances, cannot be cooled with the system.
  • the invention has for its object a system for indirect evaporative cooling, in particular the air in to create an object with which the cooling of the air in the object increases by reducing the energy consumption, the pollution of the air in the object is reduced and any cooling conditions for the air in the object can be created.
  • a system for indirect evaporative cooling in particular the air in an object, with a housing in which elongated plates are arranged vertically and parallel to one another at a distance from one another to form adjacent first and second channels, which form heat exchange surfaces, the first Channels each have a dry section and a wet section connected thereto, the second channels each have a wet section opposite the dry section of the first channels and a dry section separated by a partition, opposite the wet section of the first channels, each wet section of the Channels through its plates with an evaporation trough for supplying a humidifier and with the atmosphere, each dry section of the channels has an outlet connection which is connected to the object, each tr ock section of the first channels via a blower and an inlet port with the atmosphere and near its end opposite the inlet port is connected through an opening in the plate with the corresponding moist section of the second channels adjacent to their partition, and each dry section of the second Channels connected to the object via a blower and an
  • the entire stream of cooled outside air at the outlet from the dry section can be divided into two parts.
  • One part of the air flow is directed, without changing direction, into the damp section of the first duct and the other part into the damp section of the second duct.
  • This last part cools down the flow of outside air through the neighboring dry section with constant moisture content in the cooling area down to the dew point temperature of the outside air.
  • the rest of the airflow that flows through the humid portion of its duct has the ability to cool.
  • the inlet connection of the dry sections of the opposite end face of the housing is connected to the object. This makes it possible to direct an air stream out of the object into these dry sections, which is cooled down to the dew point temperature of the outside air without changing its moisture content. This cooling takes place through the removal of heat by the part of the air flow that passes through the adjacent moist section, thereby absorbing moisture and heating up and then being discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the system according to the invention enables cooling of the circulating air of an object in the cooling area to the dew point temperature of the outside air.
  • This increases the effectiveness of the cooling, since when the air is cooled by recirculation compared to cooling by air supply from the outside, the energy consumption decreases, the required size of the heat exchange surface of the system becomes smaller and the air of the object is not due to air supplied from outside is contaminated.
  • other substances can also be cooled.
  • the system can be divided into two blocks, one of which can be placed outside the object and the other inside. As a result, the noise generated by the air blowers in the object and the dimensions of the block of the system housed inside the object are significantly reduced.
  • the outlet connections of the dry sections of the channels are provided with control slides.
  • By opening and closing these slides one can regulate the ratio of the flows of the outside air or the recirculated cooled air that is directed into the object.
  • By completely closing one of the slides the air in the object can be cooled either only by recirculating the air or only by supplying outside air.
  • the moist sections of the second channels connected through the openings to the dry sections of the first channels can be connected to the atmosphere via outlet connections to which control spools are assigned.
  • the system can also cool any liquid substances and solid dispersed substances to the temperature of the dew point of the outside air.
  • the liquid or gaseous substances are passed through the dry sections of the adjacent channels, the solid substances in the dispersed state or in a quasi-liquid layer.
  • the plant shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 for indirect evaporative cooling of the air in an object consists of a housing 1 in which an evaporation trough 2 for water is arranged.
  • the housing 1 there are heat exchange surfaces in the form of elongated plates 3.
  • the plates 3 can be made from any material, preferably from a moisture-impermeable or from a capillary-porous material.
  • Each side of a single plate 3 can also be partially covered with a capillary-porous and partially with a moisture-impermeable material such that if one side of the plate 3 is covered with a capillary-porous material on part of the surface, the other side on the same part the plate 3 is covered with a moisture-proof material and vice versa.
  • a series of plates 3 forms vertical adjacent first and second channels, each of which has a dry section 4 and a moist section 5a on one end face of the housing 1 and correspondingly a dry section 4a and a moist section 5 on the other end face of the housing 4.
  • the dry section 4 and the moist section 5a of each first channel are connected to one another.
  • the dry sections 4 and 4a and the wet sections 5 and 5a are arranged in a checkerboard manner to the sections of the adjacent channel.
  • the dry sections 4 and 4a each have inlet connections 6 and 7, which are connected to fans 8 and 9, and outlet connections 10 and 11 connected to the object.
  • the moist sections 5 and 5a are connected to the atmosphere.
  • the dry sections 4 and the moist sections 5 of adjacent channels are connected to one another on one of the end faces of the housing 1 by an opening 12 which is made in the elongate plate 3 near the end of the dry section 4.
  • Each moist section 5 of every second channel is separated from it at the point of connection with the associated dry section 4a by a partition 13.
  • the inlet connector 7 of the dry section 4a of the second channel is connected to the object via the blower 9.
  • the moist sections 5 of the second channels connected to the dry sections 4 of the first channels by openings 12 are provided with an outlet connection 17 equipped with a control slide 18.
  • the outlet ports 10 and 11 of the dry sections 4 and 4a are provided with control slides 14 and 15.
  • the dry section 4 and the moist section 5a of the first duct are connected to one another by an air duct 16.
  • the control slide 18 is open and the control slide 14 is closed.
  • the outside air flow 19 is passed from the atmosphere with the aid of the blower 8 through the inlet connection 6 into the dry sections 4, and is cooled therein to the dew point temperature of the outside air without changing its moisture content.
  • the outside air flow 19 is divided. One part 20 passes through the openings 12 into the adjacent moist sections 5, while the other part 21 is directed straight towards the outside air flow 19 into the moist sections 5a.
  • the outside air flow 19 releases its heat through the plates 3 to the part 20 which flows through the adjacent moist sections 5 in the opposite direction.
  • the part 20 of the outside air flow 19 heats up to a temperature close to the temperature of the outside air flow 19 supplied. It also absorbs moisture to approximately 100% relative humidity by evaporation of moisture from the wetted surface of the wet sections 5. In this state, the part 20 of the moist air flow is discharged into the atmosphere through the outlet connection 17.
  • the fan 9 directs an air flow 22 from the object through the inlet nozzle 7 into the dry sections 4a, which alternate with the moist sections 5a, to which the part 21 of the precooled outside air flow 19 is directed in counterflow.
  • heat is extracted in the direction from the air flow 22 of the rolled object air through the plates 3 to the part 21 of the precooled outside air flow 19.
  • the enclosed 21 warmed up thereby and absorbs moisture by evaporation from the wetted surface of the moist sections 5a to a relative humidity of approximately 100% and is discharged into the atmosphere in this state.
  • the air flow 22 coming from the object passes through the dry sections 4a and cools down to the temperature of the dew point of the outside air without changing its moisture content and in this state returns to the object through the outlet connection 11. In this way, the cooling of the air in the object is carried out.
  • the outlet connection 10 of the dry section 4 is opened completely or partially by the control slide 14.
  • the outlet connection 11 of the dry sections 4a is completely or partially closed by the associated control slide 15. A certain part 23 of the cooled outside air 19 reaches the object directly through the outlet connection 10.
  • the control slide 18 is closed (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
  • the cold outside air flow 19 is conducted with the aid of the blower 8 through the inlet connection 6 first into the dry section 4 and then into the moist section 5a of the first channels, from where it is discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the air flow 22 is directed out of the object into the dry section 4a through the inlet connection 7 against the cold outside air flow 19.
  • the airflow 22 from the object is exchanged with the surface heat cooled by cold outside air flowing through the humid section 5a. Then the cooled air stream 22 of the recirculated object air is passed back through the outlet nozzle 11 into the object.
  • the temperature of the wet thermometer of the outside air forms the cooling limit for the circulating object air in the dry section 4a.
  • the outside air temperature is below 0 ° C
  • ice forms on the water-wetted plates 3, which contributes to cold storage, which is used to cool the air flow 22 coming from the object, which passes through the dry section 4a.
  • the temperature of the outside air forms the cooling limit for the object air.
  • the air cooled in the dry section 4a can be used not only for cooling the object air, but also for cooling food stored in the object. This means that electrical cooling systems can be switched off in the winter months.

Abstract

L'appareil comporte un boîtier (1) muni d'un bac (2) et contenant des surfaces d'échange thermique en forme de plaque longitudinale (3) et formant des canaux. Les canaux sont constitués d'une partie sèche et d'une partie humide. Chaque partie sèche (4) et humide (5) de canaux adjacents à l'une des extrémités du boîtier (1) est connectée par une ouverture (12) réalisée dans la plaque longitudinale (3) et située plus près de l'extrémité de la partie sèche (4). Par contre chaque partie mouillée adjacente (5) est munie d'un bouchon (13) à l'endroit de sa jonction avec la partie sèche correspondante (4a). Une tubulure d'entrée (7) des parties sèches (4a) de l'extrémité opposée du boîtier (1) est connectée à l'objet.

Claims (4)

1. Installation pour le refroidissement indirect, par évaporation, en particulier de l'air dans un objet
― avec une enceinte (1) dans laquelle sont disposées, verticalement et parallèlement entre elles en étant espacées, des plaques allongées (3) pour la formation de premiers et de seconds canaux voisins qui constituent des surfaces d'échange de chaleur,
― les premiers canaux comportant respectivement une portion sèche (4) et une portion humide (5a) reliée à celle-ci,
― les seconds canaux comportant respectivement une portion humide (5) opposée à la portion sèche (4) des premiers canaux et une portion sèche (4a) qui en est séparée par une cloison (13) et opposée à la portion humide (5) des premiers canaux,
― chaque portion humide (5, 5a) des canaux étant en communication, par l'intermédiaire de ses plaques (3), avec une cuve d'évaporation (2) pour l'amenée d'un agent d'humectation ainsi qu'avec l'atmosphère,
― chaque portion sèche (4, 4a) des canaux comportant une tubulure de sortie (10, 11) qui est reliée à l'objet,
― chaque portion sèche (4) des premiers canaux étant reliée à l'atmosphère par l'intermédiaire d'un ventilateur (8) et d'une tubulure d'entrée (6) et, à proximité de son extrémité opposée à la tubulure d'entrée (6), à travers un orifice (12) dans la plaque (3), avec la portion humide correspondante (5) des seconds canaux, adjacente à leur cloison (13), et
― chaque portion sèche (4a) des seconds canaux étant reliée à l'objet par l'intermédiaire d'un ventilateur (9) et d'une tubulure d'entrée (7).
2. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les tubulures de sortie (10, 11) des portions sèches (4, 4a) des canaux sont pourvues respectivement d'une vanne de commande (14, 15).
3. Installation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la portion sèche (4) et la portion humide (5a) des premiers canaux sont reliées par un canal d'air (16).
4. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la portion humide (5) des seconds canaux, reliée à travers l'orifice (12) à la portion sèche (4) des premiers canaux, est en communication avec l'atmosphère par l'intermédiaire d'une tubulure de sortie (17), à laquelle est associée une vanne de commande (18).
EP87902876A 1986-04-22 1987-04-21 Appareil pour refroidir l'air d'un objet par evaporation indirecte Expired - Lifetime EP0281631B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SU4059507 1986-04-22
SU4059507 1986-04-22
SU4091978 1986-07-09
SU864091978A SU1523404A1 (ru) 1986-07-09 1986-07-09 Кондиционер дл транспортного средства
SU4199089 1987-03-06
SU4199089 1987-03-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0281631A4 EP0281631A4 (fr) 1988-08-04
EP0281631A1 EP0281631A1 (fr) 1988-09-14
EP0281631B1 true EP0281631B1 (fr) 1991-08-07

Family

ID=27356425

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87902876A Expired - Lifetime EP0281631B1 (fr) 1986-04-22 1987-04-21 Appareil pour refroidir l'air d'un objet par evaporation indirecte

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0281631B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS63503162A (fr)
AU (1) AU586753B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3772034D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1987006682A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1021812C1 (nl) 2002-04-26 2003-10-28 Oxycell Holding Bv Dauwpuntskoeler.
EP2250446B1 (fr) 2008-01-25 2020-02-19 Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC Refroidisseur par évaporation
US9140471B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-09-22 Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc Indirect evaporative coolers with enhanced heat transfer
US9140460B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-09-22 Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc Control methods and systems for indirect evaporative coolers
CN113932333A (zh) * 2021-09-06 2022-01-14 江苏大学 一种逆流式间接露点蒸发冷却器

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU979796A1 (ru) * 1976-08-17 1982-12-07 Одесский Инженерно-Строительный Институт Установка дл косвенно-испарительного охлаждени воздуха

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2725729A (en) * 1954-05-26 1955-12-06 Clarence B Mills Evaporative type air cooler
US3090212A (en) * 1961-09-27 1963-05-21 Roger A Anderson Sandwich panel construction
SU485283A1 (ru) * 1974-03-21 1975-09-25 Всесоюзное Промышленное Объединение "Союзэнерголегпромавтоматика" Устройство дл тепловлажностной обработки воздуха
US4090370A (en) * 1976-03-11 1978-05-23 Vaughan Kenneth F Environmental control system
SU571669A1 (ru) * 1976-05-11 1977-09-05 Одесский Инженерно-Строительный Институт Установка дл косвенно-испарительного охлаждени воздуха
SU765603A1 (ru) * 1977-10-10 1980-09-23 Специальный Проектно-Конструкторский Институт Управления Капитального Строительства Устройство дл косвенно-испарительного охлаждени воздуха
NL7711149A (en) * 1977-10-11 1979-04-17 Cornelis Doomernik Air current cooling system for air conditioning unit - vaporises water in part divided after heat exchange for use as cooling current
SU1086310A1 (ru) * 1983-04-08 1984-04-15 Предприятие П/Я М-5147 Устройство дл увлажнени вентил ционного воздуха
NL8401778A (nl) * 1984-06-04 1986-01-02 Vapochill Bv Dauwpuntskoeler.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU979796A1 (ru) * 1976-08-17 1982-12-07 Одесский Инженерно-Строительный Институт Установка дл косвенно-испарительного охлаждени воздуха

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0281631A1 (fr) 1988-09-14
AU7392287A (en) 1987-11-24
WO1987006682A1 (fr) 1987-11-05
AU586753B2 (en) 1989-07-20
JPS63503162A (ja) 1988-11-17
EP0281631A4 (fr) 1988-08-04
DE3772034D1 (de) 1991-09-12

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