EP0281631A1 - Appareil pour refroidir l'air d'un objet par evaporation indirecte - Google Patents

Appareil pour refroidir l'air d'un objet par evaporation indirecte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0281631A1
EP0281631A1 EP87902876A EP87902876A EP0281631A1 EP 0281631 A1 EP0281631 A1 EP 0281631A1 EP 87902876 A EP87902876 A EP 87902876A EP 87902876 A EP87902876 A EP 87902876A EP 0281631 A1 EP0281631 A1 EP 0281631A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
dry
sections
section
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87902876A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0281631B1 (fr
EP0281631A4 (fr
Inventor
Valery Stepanovich Maisotsenko
Artur Rudolfovich Maiorsky
Nikolai Petrovich Vidyaev
Viktor Yakovlevich Yakimenko
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ODESSKY INZHENERNO-STROITELNY INSTITUT
Original Assignee
ODESSKY INZHENERNO-STROITELNY INSTITUT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SU864091978A external-priority patent/SU1523404A1/ru
Application filed by ODESSKY INZHENERNO-STROITELNY INSTITUT filed Critical ODESSKY INZHENERNO-STROITELNY INSTITUT
Publication of EP0281631A4 publication Critical patent/EP0281631A4/fr
Publication of EP0281631A1 publication Critical patent/EP0281631A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0281631B1 publication Critical patent/EP0281631B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0059—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the air conditioning of the air and relates to a system for indirect evaporative cooling of the air in an object.
  • It can be used in cooling technology to create a microclimate in various objects and rooms and to ensure a specific temperature control in cooling systems.
  • the invention can be used for cooling various substances down to the temperatures close to the dew point temperature of the outside air.
  • Plants for evaporative cooling of air are known.
  • the outside air flows over wetted surfaces on which water evaporates and passes into the air.
  • the air cools down in the cooling limit to the temperature of a wet thermometer and reaches the object in this state.
  • wetted surfaces Sef Vietnameseter or sprinkled articles from wood chips, glass wool, metal wire, corrugated paper or capillary p or Harborm plastic.
  • No cooling is generated in the systems for evaporative cooling of air, since the heat content of the air does not change.
  • the immediate heat supplied to the water returns to the air in a hidden form (with the water vapor).
  • the systems for evaporative cooling of air have a limited area of application and can only be used where the moisture content of the outside air is very low.
  • evaporative cooling systems have a low cooling limit (the temperature of a wet thermometer of the outside air).
  • auxiliary air stream water, which is cooled by evaporation in a second, so-called auxiliary air stream.
  • the water, from which the heat is evaporated in the auxiliary air flow serves as a cold source.
  • the system for indirect evaporative cooling of the air contains alternately arranged dry and moist channels.
  • the main airflow passes through the dry ducts, where it cools without changing its moisture content, and is then directed into the object, while the auxiliary airflow is directed into the moist ducts, where it is saturated with water vapor and, after releasing the heat from the main airflow has been absorbed into the atmosphere.
  • the main disadvantage of systems for indirect evaporative cooling of the air is the low cooling limit of the main air flow, i.e. the temperature of the wet thermometer of the outside air. In practice, this temperature is much higher, since losses occur during heat transfer through the wall separating the main flow from the auxiliary flow.
  • Plants for indirect evaporative cooling of the air which have a lower cooling limit for the air.
  • the air directed into the object can be cooled down to the dew point temperature of the outside air without changing the moisture content in the cooling limit, which is considerably lower than the temperature of the wet thermometer of the outside air.
  • These systems for indirect evaporative cooling of the air have alternating dry and moist channels.
  • the Ex te rnal air (theylon Kunststoffstrcm) is led into the dry channels.
  • the stream divides into two streams: a main stream and an auxiliary stream.
  • the main flow is directed into the object to be cooled and the auxiliary flow - into the wet channels against the total flow.
  • the helper takes electricity heats up and heats up by absorbing heat from the main stream, and is then released into the atmosphere.
  • Such systems are referred to as systems for regenerative indirect evaporative cooling of air.
  • the main disadvantage of these systems is considerable aerodynamic losses, which are caused by the need for a deflection by 180 ° of part of the outside air flow (the auxiliary flow).
  • the air of the object can only be cooled in these systems by supplying outside air. This in turn leads to pollution of the air of the object and to an increased consumption of energy.
  • a system for indirect evaporative cooling of air in an object (SU, A, 571669) is known, which contains a housing with an evaporation trough and heat exchange surfaces arranged in this housing, which are designed in the form of elongated plates.
  • Each of these plates is covered on one side with a capillary-porous material and on the other half with a moisture-impermeable material and on the other side - vice versa.
  • These plates form channels, each of which has a dry and a moist section, which are coupled to one another and arranged in a checkerboard manner to the sections of the adjacent channel.
  • the dry sections on each end of the housing have inlet connections connected to fans and outlet connections connected to the object.
  • the wet sections are throttled on each face of the case and connected to the atmosphere.
  • the air cools down to the dew point temperature of the outside air without changing its moisture content in the cooling limit.
  • the cooled air flow in two parts: one part enters the humid sections of the channels without changing its direction, and the other part is led into the object through its outlet connection.
  • this part of the air flow absorbs moisture and heats up as a result of the heat removal from the total air flow (which flows through the adjacent dry section) and is discharged into the atmosphere in this state.
  • the aerodynamic losses are lower compared to the system described above, since it is not necessary to divert part of the air flow by 180 °. Nevertheless, these systems have significant disadvantages.
  • the aim of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned.
  • the invention has the object of providing a plant for the indirect evaporative cooling of air to sheep f s, in which the mutual connection of the heat from immersion surfaces is realized in such a way that the effectiveness of cooling the air in the object increases by reducing the energy consumption, the pollution of the air in the object is reduced and any cooling conditions for the air in the object are created.
  • each dry and wet section is adjacent Channels on one of the end faces of the housing are connected to one another by an opening which is made in the elongated plate closer to the dry section, with each adjacent moist section at the point of connection with the associated dry section Em blind flange is provided, while the inlet connection of the dry sections on the opposite end of the housing is connected to the object.
  • each adjacent wet section is provided with a blind flange at the point of connection with the associated dry section, it is possible to carry out the following.
  • the entire flow of the cooled outside air can be divided into two parts at the outlet from the dry section: one part of the air flow is directed, without changing direction, into the damp section of the same duct and the other part - into the damp section of the neighboring one Channel. This last part cools down the flow of the outside air through the neighboring dry section with a constant moisture content in the cooling limit down to the dew point temperature of the outside air.
  • the rest of the airflow that flows through the humid portion of its duct has the ability to cool.
  • the system according to the invention for indirect evaporative cooling of the air in an object provides that the inlet connection of the dry sections of the opposite end face of the housing is connected to the object. This makes it possible to direct an air stream out of the object into these dry sections, which is cooled here without changing its moisture content in the cooling limit down to the dew point temperature of the outside air. This cooling takes place through the removal of heat by the part of the air flow which passes through the adjacent moist section, thereby absorbing moisture and heating up and then being discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the system according to the invention enables cooling of the circulating air of an object in the Cooling limit down to the dew point temperature of the outside air. This increases the effectiveness of the cooling, since cooling the air by recirculation reduces the energy consumption compared to cooling by air supply from the outside, the required size of the heat exchange surface of the system is smaller and the air of the object is not contaminated by air supplied from outside. In addition, other substances besides air can also be cooled here.
  • the dry and moist sections of the ducts are connected to one another by a common air duct.
  • This allows the system to be divided into two blocks, one of which can be placed outside the property and the other inside.
  • the noise generated by the air blowers in the object and the dimensions of the block of the system accommodated inside the object are substantially reduced.
  • the system for indirect evaporative cooling of the air of an object provides for the outlet connection of the dry sections of the channels Have spool. By opening and closing these slides one can regulate the ratio of the flows of the outside air or the recirculated cooled air directed into the object. By completely closing one of the slides, the air in the object can be cooled either only by recirculating the air or only by supplying outside air.
  • the moist sections of the channels connected to the dry sections of the adjacent channels have a control slide equipped nozzles.
  • This enables effectively s ames cooling the air in the object ij winter or loading l iebiger other substances, such as food in a refrigerator, whereby for the natural cooling of the outside air is used.
  • This eliminates the need to use electrical cooling units in which electrical energy is used to generate artificial cooling.
  • the plant for indirect evaporative cooling of the air in an object which is in accordance with the invention, has a number of advantages in comparison with existing plants. It allows Küh- l s of the air in an object with lower energy consumption and will prevent the outside caused by contaminating the air of the object.
  • the required heat exchange surface of the system according to the invention is smaller than that of the known systems.
  • the system according to the invention can be operated in any cooling state when cooling the air in the object.
  • the present system can be constructed in the form of two blocks, each of which can be installed outside the object. This makes it possible to keep the noise generated during operation of the system away from the object and, moreover, to better use the usable space of the object.
  • the system according to the invention enables the air in the object to be effectively cooled not only in summer but also in winter. It can be used in the winter period to cool various substances, such as food.
  • the system according to the invention can, for example, perform the function of a cooling system that uses the natural external cold. The energy consumption is minimal compared to conventional electrical cooling systems, which use considerable amounts of electrical energy to generate artificial cold and are less reliable in terms of design.
  • the system according to the invention for indirect evaporative cooling of the air in an object can not only be used for Air cooling can be used. It can cool any liquid substances and also solid dispersed substances in the cooling limit up to the temperature of the dew point of the outside air.
  • the system (Fig. 1) for indirect evaporative cooling of the air in an object consists of a housing 1 in which an evaporation pan 2 for water is housed.
  • the housing 1 there are heat exchange surfaces in the form of elongated plates 3.
  • the plates can be made from any material: from a moisture-impermeable or a capillary-porous material.
  • Each side of a single plate 3 is partly covered with a capillary-porous and partly with a moisture-impermeable material such that when one side of the plate is covered with a capillary-porous substance on part of the surface, the other side on the same part of the plate with a moisture-proof material is covered and vice versa.
  • a row of plates 3 forms vertical channels, each of which has a dry 4 (FIG. 2) and a moist 5a section on one end of the housing 1 and a dry 4a and a moist section 5 on the other end of the housing, which are connected to each other.
  • the dry sections 4 and 4a and the wet sections 5 and 5a are arranged in a checkerboard manner with respect to the sections of the adjacent channel.
  • the dry sections 4 and 4a have corresponding inlet connections 6 and 7, which are connected to fans 8 and 9, and outlet connections 10 and II connected to the object.
  • the moist sections 5 and 5a are connected to the atmosphere.
  • the channels 4 adjacent to the dry and 5 wet sections are connected to one another on one of the end faces of the housing I by an opening 12 which is made in the elongated plate 3 closer to the end of the dry section.
  • Each adjacent moist section 5 is equipped with a blind flange 13 at the point of connection to the associated dry section 4a, while the inlet connection 7 of the dry section 4a of the opposite end face of the housing I is connected to the object via the blower 9.
  • the system according to the invention can be designed such that the outlet connections 10 and II of the dry sections 4 and 4a are provided with control slides 14 and 15.
  • An embodiment variant of the system (FIG. 3) provides that the dry sections 4 and the moist sections 5a of a duct are connected to one another by a common air duct 16.
  • the wet sections 5 of the channels connected to the dry sections 4 adjacent channels can be provided with a nozzle 17 equipped with a control slide 18.
  • the plant for indirect evaporative cooling the air in an object works in the S ommerDeriode follows.
  • the control slide 18 is open. I and 2 show only two adjacent channels, the number of which can change.
  • the flow 19 of the outside air is conducted from the atmosphere with the aid of the blower 8 through the nozzle 6 into the dry sections 4, where it is cooled down in the cooling limit to the dew point temperature of the outside air without changing its moisture content .
  • the air flow 19 is divided. One part 20 passes through the openings 12 into the adjacent wet sections 5, while the other part 21 is directed straight in the direction of the flow into the wet sections 5a.
  • part 20 of the air flow heats up to a temperature close to the temperature of the supplied outside air flow. It also absorbs moisture to approximately 100% relative humidity by evaporation of moisture from the wetted surface of the wet sections 5, and in this condition part 20 of the wet air flow is discharged through the nozzle 17 to the atmosphere.
  • An air flow 22 is blown by the blower 9 from the object through the nozzle 7 into the dry sections 4a. passed, which alternate with the moist sections 5a, to which part 21 of the pre-cooled outside air flow is directed in countercurrent.
  • heat is extracted in the direction of the flow 22 of the recirculating air of the object through the plates 3 to the part 21 of the pre-cooled outside air flow.
  • the latter heats up and absorbs moisture by evaporation from the wetted surface of the moist sections 5a to a relative humidity of approximately 100% and is discharged into the atmosphere in this state.
  • the removed the object air stream 22 passes through the dry sections 4a and is cooled in the K yergrenze to the temperature of the dew point of the off sen Kunststoff from without changing its moisture content and comes back in this state through the nozzle 11 in the object. In this way, the air is recirculated in the building.
  • the Outlet port 10 of the dry section 4 of the spool 14 fully or partially opened.
  • the control slide 15 attached to the outlet connection 11 of the dry sections 4a is completely or partially closed. A certain part 23 of the cooled outside air passes directly through the outlet nozzle 10 into the object.
  • a common air duct 16 is used which connects the dry 4 and moist 5a sections of the ducts to one another.
  • the system according to the invention can function effectively not only in the summer period but also in winter without any significant design changes.
  • the system for indirect evaporative cooling of the air in an object works as follows in the winter period.
  • the control slide 18 is closed (FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • the stream 19 of the cold outside air is passed with the aid of the blower 8 through the nozzle 6 first into the dry 4 and then into the moist 5a section of the channels, from where it is discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the nozzle 7 an air flow 2? from the object into the dry section 4a against the; Outside air flow 19 passed.
  • the air flow 2 2 from the object is cooled by surface heat exchange with the cold outside air flowing through the moist section 5a.
  • the recirculating stream 22 of the cooled air is then conducted back through the nozzle 11 into the object.
  • the temperature of the wet thermometer of the outside air constitutes a cooling limit for the air circulating around the object in the dry section 4a. If the temperature of the outside air is below 0 ° C., ice forms the water-wetted plates 3, which contributes to the accumulation of cold that is used to cool the air flow 22 coming from the object, which flows back through the dry section 4a. If the plates 3 are not wetted with water, the temperature of the outside air forms a cooling limit for the air of the object. It is worth mentioning that the air cooled in the dry section 4a can be used not only to maintain the necessary parameters in the object, but also for cooling, for example, foods stored in this object. This means that in the winter months you can do without the use of electrical cooling systems in which electrical energy is used to generate artificial cold.
  • the inventive system for indirect evaporative cooling of air in an object enables the air in the object to be cooled effectively without being contaminated.
  • the energy consumption is reduced by 12 to 18% and the required heat exchange area is reduced by the same value in comparison with known devices.
  • the system according to the invention can be produced both from a block and from several blocks.
  • the system according to the invention for indirect evaporative cooling of the air in an object can be used not only for cooling the air in an object in the summer months, but also for cooling the air in the object in winter, in order to determine certain characteristics of the microclimate maintain in the rooms.
  • the system according to the invention can be used not only for cooling air or a gas in the cooling limit to the dew point temperature of the outside air, but also for any other substances in the solid, liquid or gaseous state. It is important that when cooling, these substances can be transported through the dry sections of the channels as well as the air of the object. There are no difficulties with liquid and gaseous substances. For cooling solid materials, it is advisable to transport them in a dispersed state or in a quasi-liquid layer.
  • the system according to the invention for indirect evaporative cooling of the air in an object can be used in the field of climate control in various rooms and objects as well as in cooling technology for cooling various substances or for maintaining the required temperature values of the air in objects.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

L'appareil comporte un boîtier (1) muni d'un bac (2) et contenant des surfaces d'échange thermique en forme de plaque longitudinale (3) et formant des canaux. Les canaux sont constitués d'une partie sèche et d'une partie humide. Chaque partie sèche (4) et humide (5) de canaux adjacents à l'une des extrémités du boîtier (1) est connectée par une ouverture (12) réalisée dans la plaque longitudinale (3) et située plus près de l'extrémité de la partie sèche (4). Par contre chaque partie mouillée adjacente (5) est munie d'un bouchon (13) à l'endroit de sa jonction avec la partie sèche correspondante (4a). Une tubulure d'entrée (7) des parties sèches (4a) de l'extrémité opposée du boîtier (1) est connectée à l'objet.
EP87902876A 1986-04-22 1987-04-21 Appareil pour refroidir l'air d'un objet par evaporation indirecte Expired - Lifetime EP0281631B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SU4059507 1986-04-22
SU4059507 1986-04-22
SU4091978 1986-07-09
SU864091978A SU1523404A1 (ru) 1986-07-09 1986-07-09 Кондиционер дл транспортного средства
SU4199089 1987-03-06
SU4199089 1987-03-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0281631A4 EP0281631A4 (fr) 1988-08-04
EP0281631A1 true EP0281631A1 (fr) 1988-09-14
EP0281631B1 EP0281631B1 (fr) 1991-08-07

Family

ID=27356425

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87902876A Expired - Lifetime EP0281631B1 (fr) 1986-04-22 1987-04-21 Appareil pour refroidir l'air d'un objet par evaporation indirecte

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0281631B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS63503162A (fr)
AU (1) AU586753B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3772034D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1987006682A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7415837B2 (en) 2002-04-26 2008-08-26 Oxycom Beheer B.V. Dewpoint cooler
WO2023030087A1 (fr) * 2021-09-06 2023-03-09 江苏大学 Refroidisseur par évaporation à point de rosée indirect à contre-courant

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2250446B1 (fr) 2008-01-25 2020-02-19 Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC Refroidisseur par évaporation
US9140471B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-09-22 Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc Indirect evaporative coolers with enhanced heat transfer
US9140460B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-09-22 Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc Control methods and systems for indirect evaporative coolers

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2725729A (en) * 1954-05-26 1955-12-06 Clarence B Mills Evaporative type air cooler
US3090212A (en) * 1961-09-27 1963-05-21 Roger A Anderson Sandwich panel construction
US4090370A (en) * 1976-03-11 1978-05-23 Vaughan Kenneth F Environmental control system
NL7711149A (en) * 1977-10-11 1979-04-17 Cornelis Doomernik Air current cooling system for air conditioning unit - vaporises water in part divided after heat exchange for use as cooling current
SU979796A1 (ru) * 1976-08-17 1982-12-07 Одесский Инженерно-Строительный Институт Установка дл косвенно-испарительного охлаждени воздуха

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU485283A1 (ru) * 1974-03-21 1975-09-25 Всесоюзное Промышленное Объединение "Союзэнерголегпромавтоматика" Устройство дл тепловлажностной обработки воздуха
SU571669A1 (ru) * 1976-05-11 1977-09-05 Одесский Инженерно-Строительный Институт Установка дл косвенно-испарительного охлаждени воздуха
SU765603A1 (ru) * 1977-10-10 1980-09-23 Специальный Проектно-Конструкторский Институт Управления Капитального Строительства Устройство дл косвенно-испарительного охлаждени воздуха
SU1086310A1 (ru) * 1983-04-08 1984-04-15 Предприятие П/Я М-5147 Устройство дл увлажнени вентил ционного воздуха
NL8401778A (nl) * 1984-06-04 1986-01-02 Vapochill Bv Dauwpuntskoeler.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2725729A (en) * 1954-05-26 1955-12-06 Clarence B Mills Evaporative type air cooler
US3090212A (en) * 1961-09-27 1963-05-21 Roger A Anderson Sandwich panel construction
US4090370A (en) * 1976-03-11 1978-05-23 Vaughan Kenneth F Environmental control system
SU979796A1 (ru) * 1976-08-17 1982-12-07 Одесский Инженерно-Строительный Институт Установка дл косвенно-испарительного охлаждени воздуха
NL7711149A (en) * 1977-10-11 1979-04-17 Cornelis Doomernik Air current cooling system for air conditioning unit - vaporises water in part divided after heat exchange for use as cooling current

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO8706682A1 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7415837B2 (en) 2002-04-26 2008-08-26 Oxycom Beheer B.V. Dewpoint cooler
US7861549B2 (en) 2002-04-26 2011-01-04 Oxycom Beheer B.V. Dewpoint cooler
WO2023030087A1 (fr) * 2021-09-06 2023-03-09 江苏大学 Refroidisseur par évaporation à point de rosée indirect à contre-courant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0281631B1 (fr) 1991-08-07
AU7392287A (en) 1987-11-24
AU586753B2 (en) 1989-07-20
WO1987006682A1 (fr) 1987-11-05
EP0281631A4 (fr) 1988-08-04
JPS63503162A (ja) 1988-11-17
DE3772034D1 (de) 1991-09-12

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