EP0280857B1 - Dispositif de tri - Google Patents

Dispositif de tri Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0280857B1
EP0280857B1 EP88100738A EP88100738A EP0280857B1 EP 0280857 B1 EP0280857 B1 EP 0280857B1 EP 88100738 A EP88100738 A EP 88100738A EP 88100738 A EP88100738 A EP 88100738A EP 0280857 B1 EP0280857 B1 EP 0280857B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sorting device
construction parts
sensor
rail
screw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88100738A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0280857A2 (fr
EP0280857A3 (en
Inventor
Michael Ing. Habele (Fh)
Jakob Zeyda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0280857A2 publication Critical patent/EP0280857A2/fr
Publication of EP0280857A3 publication Critical patent/EP0280857A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0280857B1 publication Critical patent/EP0280857B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/04—Sorting according to size
    • B07C5/08—Sorting according to size measured electrically or electronically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/04—Sorting according to size
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/04—Sorting according to size
    • B07C5/06—Sorting according to size measured mechanically
    • B07C5/065—Sorting according to size measured mechanically with multiple measuring appliances adjusted according to different standards, for example length or thickness, which detect the shape of an object so that if it conforms to the standard set by the measuring appliance, it is removed from the conveyor, e.g. by means of a number of differently calibrated openings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S209/00—Classifying, separating, and assorting solids
    • Y10S209/929—Fastener sorter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sorting device according to the type of the main claim.
  • a sorting device according to US Pat. No. 3,650,397 is already known, in which the screws to be sorted are in a transparent tube on an optical sensor, e.g. B. be guided past photodiodes. With the aid of a mirror, a shadow of the screw to be assessed is projected onto the sensor and this image is compared with the nominal dimensions. If the screw has a defect on its illustrated contour, it is rejected on a switch.
  • This sorting device has the disadvantage that only the projection shadow can be checked in a single plane for each measurement. Errors on the non-projected circumference, on the surface or inside (slot shape) cannot be detected. In addition, the measuring accuracy depends on the conveying speed at the measuring point and on the stable position of the screw in the pipe.
  • the sorting device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the complete shape of the screws, both their shape and their dimensions, their surface quality and their internal shapes (slots, cracks) can be determined with great accuracy. Furthermore, the measurement result is independent of the conveyor speed of the conveyor. The measurement is not - as with optical measuring methods - affected by dirt. Temperature influences are also irrelevant. In addition, the sorting device is much cheaper than optical systems.
  • the conveyor can consist, for example, of a simple rail with a liner conveyor. The reliability of the sorting device is considerably improved by the combination of mechanical and electrical measuring points.
  • Figure 1 shows a plan view of the entire sorting device.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section through the template 13 along the line II-II in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross section through the shaft sensors 21 and 22.
  • Figure 4 shows a measurement diagram of the shaft sensor.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the head sensor 25.
  • a screw spindle is shown in FIG.
  • Figure 7 shows the control loop of the sorting device.
  • the sorting device is divided into two main parts, a conveyor pot 1 and a linear section 2 with the devices for screw detection and rejection.
  • a separating device 3 and one or more screw spindles or a packaging machine (not shown) can be connected to the linear section 2.
  • the well-known conveyor pot 1 takes up the screws, nails, head bolts or the like as bulk material and brings them in a row hanging from a rail 4.
  • the rail 4 has a slot 5 through which the shafts of the screws, but not the heads, can pass.
  • the rail 4 continues seamlessly in the rail 6 belonging to the linear path 2 with a slot 7 corresponding to the slot 5.
  • the rail 6 is fixedly connected to a linear conveyor 8, known per se, which, by means of vibration, exerts a linear conveying movement that is as constant as possible on the screws 9.
  • the slot 7 widens to a hole 10 which is slightly smaller than the head diameter of the screw 9 to be tested and fall through the screwing with too small a head diameter into a collecting container 11 for unusable screws.
  • the screw 9 is further conveyed onto an interchangeable slide 12 and comes to a template 13.
  • the screw geometries conveyed are incorporated into the template 13 in relation to head diameter A, shaft diameter B, head height C and shaft length D ( Figure 2).
  • the template 13 consists of two halves 14 and 15 so that they can be attached to the rail 6, e.g. by screws, not shown, which reach through the template halves 14 and 15 and are screwed into the narrow sides of the rail 6. If one of the required dimensions is exceeded, the screw material jams in the template 13.
  • the interchangeable slide 12 consists of two short rail sections 16 and 17, which are guided on a rod 18 and can be inserted alternately into a gap in the rail 6. Below the interchangeable slide 12 there is a collecting container 19, into which screws of the dimensionally unstable screws removed from the interchangeable slide from the linear path 2 are due to the conveying effect also exerted on the rail sections 16 and 17 of the linear conveyor 8 fall into it.
  • the shuttle valve 12 receives its release signal from a control device 50, which will be described later.
  • a traffic jam sensor 20 is arranged above the rail 6 and can detect whether there are screws under it or not.
  • the traffic jam sensor 20 can operate according to mechanical, inductive, capacitive, piezoelectric, ultrasound or the eddy current principle or according to other principles and emits its signal to the electrical or pneumatic control device 50 (FIG. 7).
  • the shaft sensor 21 Downstream of the accumulation sensor 20 is the shaft sensor 21, 22, which is inserted into recesses in the lateral flanks of the rail 6 (FIG. 3).
  • the shaft sensor consists of two parts 21, 22, in each of which a coil 23, 24 is arranged.
  • the coils preferably work according to the eddy current principle, the mode of operation of which is described in more detail in our application P 37 06 574.2 (filed on the same day) and with which surface defects can also be easily recognized.
  • plates can also be contained in the shaft sensor and the measurement can be carried out capacitively.
  • the following dimensions can be monitored with the aid of the shaft sensor 21, 22: shaft diameter, shaft length, thread defects, material defects such as cracks or cavities, and surface defects, for example poor surface treatment.
  • a measurement signal results, which is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the time t is plotted on the right, the height of the measurement signal upwards.
  • the first three screws are within the tolerance range T and are OK.
  • the next four screws are faulty and generate a measurement signal that is too low. Since errors can be compensated for with this measuring method, e.g. shaft diameter too small / thread missing or shaft too long / blowholes
  • Some criteria were previously checked mechanically through the hole 10 and the template 13 and defective screws were sorted out.
  • the test criteria to be monitored by the shaft sensor 21, 22 are therefore reduced to: shaft diameter too small, shaft length too short, thread, material and surface defects.
  • the reliability of the sorting device can be increased even further by arranging several pairs of coils along the screw shaft.
  • the shaft sensor 21, 22 registers both a counting pulse Z (FIG. 4) with a running nunmer, which is triggered each time a screw is passed, and the height of the shaft signal. If the measurement signal voltage lies outside the permissible tolerance range T, an error signal is assigned to the counting pulse of this screw and the screw is further conveyed to the separating block 30.
  • a head sensor 25 arranged there also registers counting pulses with a serial number. If there appears a screw with a number to which an error signal is assigned, it is assigned to the feed slide 38 for defective screws.
  • the signals are expediently processed by a controller developed for this purpose.
  • the head sensor 25 is attached at a defined constant distance K above the rail 6 or the receiving fork 27 (FIG. 5).
  • the coil 26 arranged in the head sensor 25 also works according to the eddy current principle according to our application P 37 06 574.2.
  • the head sensor 25 detects the following errors: head height too low (head height too high is checked by template 13), head diameter too large (head diameter too small is also checked by template 13), incorrect slot design or force application surfaces (e.g. slot instead of Torx, not existing slot) and surface defect and also registers the counting pulse described above.
  • Faulty screws produce - similar to the shaft sensor (FIG. 4) - a measuring signal that is too large or too small. This immediately causes the feed slide 38 for faulty screws to be actuated.
  • the rail 6 ends just before the head sensor 25 and continues seamlessly in the receiving cable 27 of the cross slide 28, which is guided in a guide link 29 of the separating block 30.
  • the guide link 29 is arranged obliquely to the sliding direction of the separating slide 31, which conveys the tested screws at right angles to the rail 6 to the feed hole 32.
  • the displacement of the separating slide 31 is accomplished by a work unit, not shown, which is connected to the push rod 33.
  • the push rod is in turn firmly connected to the separating slide 31.
  • the cross slide 28 withdraws from the screw due to the guide link 29 (to the right in FIG. 1) and releases the screw head, so that the screw can fall freely through the hole 32 into one of the metering slides 34 to 38 shown .
  • a total of twelve metering slides can be attached to plate 44.
  • the metering slides have housings 39 in which pistons 40 are guided.
  • the piston rods 41 of the pistons 40 carry head pieces 42 with bores 43.
  • inlet hoses not shown in FIG. 1, are connected, through which the individual screws are conveyed either for packaging or via the inlet hoses 61 to screw spindles 60 shown in FIG.
  • sensors 63 are e.g. in the jaws 62 of the screw spindles 60 Vortex sensors are used, which either output the signal "screw in the pliers" or “no screw in the pliers” to the separating device 3.
  • the control device 50 (FIG. 7) has the signal from the sensor 20 as the input variable and the acknowledgment of the feedback from the feed pot 1 about its operating state (on-off).
  • the sensor signal passes through a signal processor 51 and a timing control circuit 51 with two Exits. One of the outputs either switches the feed pot on or off, the other actuates the change-over slide 12 in such a way that the rail section 16 or 17 currently in the linear section 2 is disengaged and the other rail section 17 or 16 is inserted into the gap in the linear section 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Dispositif de tri pour pièces détachées de fixation avec têtes, en particulier des vis, avec un dispositif de transport constitué comme une piste linéaire (2), dispositif de tri caractérisé en ce que sur le dispositif de transport sont disposés plusieurs postes de mesure mécaniques et électriques (10, 13, 21, 22, 25), qui détectent les pièces dont les dimensions sont défectueuses, ainsi que des dispositifs d'éjection (10, 12, 3) associés aux postes respectifs de mesure, dispositifs d'éjection qui éliminent ces pièces défectueuses, les postes de mesure mécaniques (10, 13) étant placés avant les postes de mesure électriques (21, 22, 25).
  2. Dispositif de tri selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par un détecteur d'accumulation (20), qui peut détecter l'existence de pièces détachées de fixation sur la piste linéaire (2) et délivre des signaux correspondant à un dispositif de régulation (50).
  3. Dispositif de tri selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur d'accumulation (20) fonctionne selon le principe des courants de Foucault.
  4. Dispositif de tri selon l'une des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de régulation (50) comporte un appareil de préparation des signaux (51) et un circuit de synchronisation (52) et deux sorties, une sortie pour le branchement du dispositif d'alimentation des vis, en particulier d'un pot d'alimentation (1) et une sortie pour actionner un dispositif d'éjection en particulier un poussoir alternatif (12).
  5. Dispositif de tri selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de régulation (50) débranche le pot d'alimentation (1) quand le détecteur d'alimentation (20) détecte une accumulation.
  6. Dispositif de tri selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de régulation (50) déclenche le poussoir alternatif (12) quand survient une accumulation.
  7. Dispositif de tri selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de régulation (50) enclenche le pot d'alimentation (1) quand le détecteur d'accumulation est resté assez longtemps sans vis.
  8. Dispositif de tri selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la piste linéaire (2) présente un rail (6) avec un convoyeur linéaire (8), qui actionne le convoiement des pièce détachées de fixation en direction du dispositif d'individualisation (3).
  9. Dispositif de tri selon lune des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'un des postes mécaniques de mesure consiste en un trou (10) dans le rail (6) de la piste linéaire (2), qui est à peine plus petit que le diamètre de la tête des pièces détachées de fixation à contrôler, en particulier des vis (9) et à travers lequel les pièces détachées, qui ont une tête dont le diamètre est trop petit, tombent dans un récipient de recueil (11).
  10. Dispositif de tri selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un poste de mesure mécanique suivant consiste en un gabarit (13) avec une ouverture pour les pièces détachées de fixation, qui est dimensionné de telle sorte que sont retenues les pièces détachées qui ont une tête trop haute, un diamètre de tête trop grand, un diamètre de tige trop grand, une tige trop longue ou une forme extérieure qui s'écarte autrement de la norme.
  11. Dispositif de tri selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'on dispose sur la piste de transport directement avant le gabarit (13) comme dispositif d'éjection un poussoir alternatif (12), qui écarte de la piste linéaire (2) une pièce détachée bloquée devant le gabarit (13).
  12. Dispositif de tri selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'un des postes de mesure électriques, un détecteur de tige (21, 22), est disposé sur le rail (6) dans la zone de la tige des pièces détachées de fixation se trouvant sur le rail (6), en particulier des vis (9), qui délivre, dans le cas où les tiges n'ont pas la dimension convenable ou sont défectueuses, un autre signal de mesure que celui délivré dans le cas des pièces détachées sans problème.
  13. Dispositif de tri selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on dispose un autre poste de mesure électrique et en fait un détecteur de tête (25) au-dessus du rail (6) et que celui-ci dans le cas de têtes de pièces détachées défectueuses délivre un signal pour éliminer celles-ci.
  14. Dispositif de tri selon la revendication 12 et/ou 13, caractérisé en ce que les détecteurs (21, 22 ou 25) fonctionnent selon le principe des courants de Foucault 11.
  15. Dispositif de tri selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu à la fin du dispositif de tri est disposé un dispositif d'individualisation (3), qui sépare les pièces détachées de fixation dont les dimensions sont correctes de celles qui sont défectueuses et peuvent être raccordées aux dispositifs d'emballage ou aux broches à vis (60).
  16. Dispositif de tri selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'un des organes de recueil du dispositif d'individualisation (3), en particulier un poussoir (38) est activé lors de la détection de pièces détachées défectueuses par les détecteurs (21, 22 ou 25) et recueille ces pièces.
  17. Dispositif de tri selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les détecteurs (21, 22 et 25) enregistrent en outre une impulsion de comptage.
  18. Dispositif de tri selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que, lorsqu il survient des pièces détachées défectueuses sur le détecteur de tige (21, 22) un signal de défaut est associé à l'impulsion de comptage de ces pièces détachées.
  19. Dispositif de tri selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une commande, qui enregistre les impulsions de comptage des détecteurs (21, 22 et 25) et actionne le poussoir d'éjection (38) pour pièces détachées défectueuses, quand survient sur le détecteur de têtes (25) une impulsion de comptage ave signal de défaut.
  20. Dispositif de tri selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans les mors (62) des broches à vis (60) sont disposés des détecteurs, qui quand il y a une vis délivrent un autre signal, que celui délivré quand aucune vis ne se trouve dans les mors (62).
EP88100738A 1987-02-28 1988-01-20 Dispositif de tri Expired - Lifetime EP0280857B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873706575 DE3706575A1 (de) 1987-02-28 1987-02-28 Sortiereinrichtung
DE3706575 1987-02-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0280857A2 EP0280857A2 (fr) 1988-09-07
EP0280857A3 EP0280857A3 (en) 1989-08-30
EP0280857B1 true EP0280857B1 (fr) 1993-11-18

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ID=6322043

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88100738A Expired - Lifetime EP0280857B1 (fr) 1987-02-28 1988-01-20 Dispositif de tri

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4905842A (fr)
EP (1) EP0280857B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3706575A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2046993T3 (fr)

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CN104215190A (zh) * 2014-08-13 2014-12-17 常州精研科技有限公司 手机微小零部件的内螺纹检测装置
CN104624521A (zh) * 2015-03-02 2015-05-20 上海众源燃油分配器制造有限公司 一种螺母螺纹及裂缝自动检测设备
US9731328B2 (en) 2015-08-03 2017-08-15 Linear Group Services, LLC Inspection and sorting machine
CN106066362A (zh) * 2016-05-24 2016-11-02 海盐正联检测技术有限公司 螺栓紧固件自动化硬度检测和筛选打包系统
JP6705983B2 (ja) * 2016-07-28 2020-06-03 青山　省司 頭部付き軸状部品の選別構造部
DE102016124694B4 (de) * 2016-12-16 2020-06-10 Peter Müller Fügeelemente-Bereitstellungsvorrichtung sowie zugehörige Robotervorrichtung
CN114460320B (zh) * 2022-04-14 2022-06-21 深圳市帝迈生物技术有限公司 样本分析仪及其样本检测流程
CN118954030B (zh) * 2024-07-29 2026-01-02 中交一公局第三工程有限公司 一种盾构隧道连续与垂直皮带机相结合的智能出渣系统
CN120861419B (zh) * 2025-09-29 2025-12-09 联钢精密科技(中国)有限公司 一种具有防划伤功能的螺母检测分料装置

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GB1125272A (en) * 1966-01-10 1968-08-28 Continental Can Co Improvements in sensing variations in the profiles of electrically conductive parts of objects
US3650397A (en) * 1970-11-19 1972-03-21 Sensors Inc System for inspecting and classifying objects such as screws, bolts and the like while in motion

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EP0280857A2 (fr) 1988-09-07
US4905842A (en) 1990-03-06
ES2046993T3 (es) 1994-02-16
DE3706575A1 (de) 1988-09-08
DE3885629D1 (de) 1993-12-23
EP0280857A3 (en) 1989-08-30

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