EP0270466A1 - Druckgiessmaschine für metallische Gussstücke, die Keramikfasern enthalten können - Google Patents

Druckgiessmaschine für metallische Gussstücke, die Keramikfasern enthalten können Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0270466A1
EP0270466A1 EP87420297A EP87420297A EP0270466A1 EP 0270466 A1 EP0270466 A1 EP 0270466A1 EP 87420297 A EP87420297 A EP 87420297A EP 87420297 A EP87420297 A EP 87420297A EP 0270466 A1 EP0270466 A1 EP 0270466A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
piston
metal
pressure
piping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87420297A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0270466B1 (de
Inventor
Jean Charbonnier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rio Tinto France SAS
Original Assignee
Aluminium Pechiney SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aluminium Pechiney SA filed Critical Aluminium Pechiney SA
Priority to AT87420297T priority Critical patent/ATE46640T1/de
Publication of EP0270466A1 publication Critical patent/EP0270466A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0270466B1 publication Critical patent/EP0270466B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/02—Hot chamber machines, i.e. with heated press chamber in which metal is melted
    • B22D17/04—Plunger machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/08—Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled
    • B22D17/12—Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled with vertical press motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
    • B22D39/06—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by controlling the pressure above the molten metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a machine for the pressure molding of metal parts, in particular of aluminum and lithium alloys or of magnesium alloys, said alloys possibly containing ceramic fibers.
  • the metal is supplied to the container by detachment from the injection system of the mold and then, inclination relative to the vertical. and filling the container with a ladle. It is obvious that by operating in this way, it is not possible to obtain suitable parts from very easily oxidizable alloys.
  • the USP 3058179 had already, for an entirely different purpose, produced a machine which partially addresses the interaction problem.
  • the container is here supplied, sheltered from air, by means of a piping plunging into a sealed container containing the metal to be molded in the liquid state and provided at its upper part with an inlet for pressurized inert gas by means of which an overpressure is created on the surface of the liquid to send the latter into the container.
  • the air contained in the cylinder where the piston slides and which surrounds the piston rod is found to be put in relation with the liquid supply piping to the container.
  • the metal contained in the piping begins to flow back towards the container, it sucks this air and is thus oxidized.
  • the length of the piston must be greater than the height of the orifice connecting the piping with the container so that the metal is forced back before the cylinder is connected to the piping. Subsequently, when the piston goes down and unmask the orifice, the gas blown then under low pressure will enter the container and prevent any entry of air from the mold which is then opened and this until the value of P2 which has been reduced to 0 to facilitate the return of the metal to the container increases again to start a new molding cycle.
  • a kind of pocket placed on top of the piping and inside which a gas blanket is kept to prevent the entry of metal into the system. insufflation.
  • This pocket is equipped with a probe which detects an abnormal reduction in the height of the gas mattress and then commands the opening of a special valve responsible for ensuring the additional pressure necessary to maintain the desired height.
  • suitable pressure differences P1 and P2 is obtained using a differential pressure gauge controlled by a feeler or any position detector and which acts on the opening or closing of suitable valves.
  • the value of P2 must be at least equal to the value of the metallostatic pressure exerted by the metal when it fills the imprint. As for the difference P1 - P2 it is of the order of 0.01 MPa.
  • FIG. 1 a distinction is made between the fixed lower plate 1 and the mobile upper plate 2 of a vertical die-casting machine. Between these plates is placed the mold 3 having an imprint 4.
  • the lower plate is equipped with an injection device constituted by the container 5 in which the piston 6 slides, supported by the rod 7 which moves back and forth under the effect of the jack 18.
  • Said container is connected via the orifice 8 to the piping 9 which plunges into the bath 10 of metal to be molded contained in the crucible 11 placed in the sealed container 12 which can be pressurized by means of the gas inlet 13 in order to send the metal through the piping 9 to the container 5.
  • an inert gas is blown into the pipe 14 at a point 15 of the piping 9 according to a pressure linked to the pressure prevailing in the container as a function of the position of the piston detected by the probe 17, pressure which can be controlled by the differential pressure gauge 16.
  • Figure 2 we find the elements of Figure 1 namely the container 5, the piston 6, the rod 7, the orifice 8, the piping 9, the metal bath 10, the crucible 11, the container 12, l gas inlet 13, the pipe 14, the blowing point 15, the pressure gauge 16 and the probe 17.
  • the solenoid valve 29 the opening of which allows a high flow of blown gas .
  • the flow regulator 30 the non-return valve 31 .
  • the flow meter 32 the solenoid valve 33 which stops or passes the gas supplied to 15 .
  • the solenoid valve 34 with its flow regulator 35 which due to a failure of the blown gas circuit opens only if the probe 36 indicates a rise in metal at point 15 and the risk of blockage of the pipe .
  • the molding cycle is then restarted.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
EP87420297A 1986-10-31 1987-10-30 Druckgiessmaschine für metallische Gussstücke, die Keramikfasern enthalten können Expired EP0270466B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87420297T ATE46640T1 (de) 1986-10-31 1987-10-30 Druckgiessmaschine fuer metallische gussstuecke, die keramikfasern enthalten koennen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8615437 1986-10-31
FR8615437A FR2605913A1 (fr) 1986-10-31 1986-10-31 Procede de moulage sous pression de pieces metalliques contenant eventuellement des fibres en ceramiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0270466A1 true EP0270466A1 (de) 1988-06-08
EP0270466B1 EP0270466B1 (de) 1989-09-27

Family

ID=9340563

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87420297A Expired EP0270466B1 (de) 1986-10-31 1987-10-30 Druckgiessmaschine für metallische Gussstücke, die Keramikfasern enthalten können

Country Status (21)

Country Link
US (1) US4777998A (de)
EP (1) EP0270466B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS63115664A (de)
KR (1) KR910009368B1 (de)
AR (1) AR241762A1 (de)
AT (1) ATE46640T1 (de)
AU (1) AU586786B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8705803A (de)
CA (1) CA1302045C (de)
DE (1) DE3760607D1 (de)
DK (1) DK160467C (de)
ES (1) ES2010716B3 (de)
FI (1) FI82620C (de)
FR (1) FR2605913A1 (de)
GR (1) GR3000173T3 (de)
IE (1) IE62774B1 (de)
IS (1) IS1397B6 (de)
MX (1) MX169523B (de)
NO (1) NO167635C (de)
PT (1) PT86026B (de)
SU (1) SU1637659A3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0379420A1 (de) * 1989-01-16 1990-07-25 Creusot-Loire Industrie Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Versorgung mit flüssigem Metall für das Druckgiessen metallischer Produkte
DE10061026A1 (de) * 2000-12-08 2002-06-13 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Metallgießverfahren und -vorrichtung
CN108994278A (zh) * 2018-09-19 2018-12-14 深圳市乐业科技有限公司 一种定量精准的压力铸造设备

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5085830A (en) * 1989-03-24 1992-02-04 Comalco Aluminum Limited Process for making aluminum-lithium alloys of high toughness
US5616421A (en) * 1991-04-08 1997-04-01 Aluminum Company Of America Metal matrix composites containing electrical insulators
US5570502A (en) * 1991-04-08 1996-11-05 Aluminum Company Of America Fabricating metal matrix composites containing electrical insulators
US5259436A (en) * 1991-04-08 1993-11-09 Aluminum Company Of America Fabrication of metal matrix composites by vacuum die casting
US5775403A (en) * 1991-04-08 1998-07-07 Aluminum Company Of America Incorporating partially sintered preforms in metal matrix composites
JPH0623510A (ja) * 1992-05-26 1994-02-01 Tanabe Kogyo Kk 不活性ガス給湯管給気給湯方法と装置と不活性ガス濃厚雰囲気樋と不活性ガス雰囲気ボックス
US5533257A (en) * 1994-05-24 1996-07-09 Motorola, Inc. Method for forming a heat dissipation apparatus
DK77694A (da) * 1994-06-29 1995-12-30 Dansk Ind Syndikat Fremgangsmåde og indretning til ved udstøbning mod tyngdekraften af støbeforme, især vådsandforme, med navnlig letoxiderbare metaller eller metallegeringer af afslutte støbeprocessen
AU4870497A (en) * 1997-11-07 1999-05-31 Ab Jafs Export Oy Holimesy Method and apparatus for melting non-ferrous metals, especially magnesium
DE19802342C1 (de) * 1998-01-22 1999-03-04 Gustav Ohnsmann Einrichtung zur Metallbeschickung waage- und senkrechter Kaltkammer - Druckgießmaschinen und Verfahren
DE19812068C2 (de) * 1998-03-11 2000-09-21 Gut Gieserei Umwelt Technik Gm Gießvorrichtung mit Nachverdichtung
DE19943153C1 (de) * 1998-03-19 2001-01-25 Gut Gieserei Umwelt Technik Gm Gießvorrichtung mit Nachverdichtung
US20090160106A1 (en) * 2004-10-12 2009-06-25 Efficient Manufacturing System Integration Apparatus and method for simultaneous usage of multiple die casting tools
CN104985159B (zh) * 2015-07-03 2017-06-13 洛阳西格马炉业股份有限公司 一种生产高熔点金属包覆陶瓷碎片材料的压铸装置及方法
CN106694838B (zh) * 2016-11-10 2018-07-03 重庆代发铸造有限公司 防气泡铸造装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3058179A (en) * 1959-04-20 1962-10-16 Cannon Earl Die casting machine
DE1458062A1 (de) * 1964-11-23 1969-03-20 Goehring Dipl Ing Karl Beschickungsvorrichtung fuer Giessmaschinen
EP0017331A1 (de) * 1979-03-21 1980-10-15 Promagco Limited Warmkammer-Druckgiessen

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2270037B1 (de) * 1974-05-10 1979-04-06 Pechiney Aluminium
JPS5797860A (en) * 1980-12-10 1982-06-17 Hitachi Ltd Method and device for casting
US4633930A (en) * 1985-06-11 1987-01-06 The Dow Chemical Company Molten metal shot size and delivery mechanism for continuous casting operations

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3058179A (en) * 1959-04-20 1962-10-16 Cannon Earl Die casting machine
DE1458062A1 (de) * 1964-11-23 1969-03-20 Goehring Dipl Ing Karl Beschickungsvorrichtung fuer Giessmaschinen
EP0017331A1 (de) * 1979-03-21 1980-10-15 Promagco Limited Warmkammer-Druckgiessen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 6, no. 190 (M-159)[1068], 29 septembre 1982; & JP-A-57 97 860 (HITACHI SEISAKUSHO K.K.) 17-06-1982 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0379420A1 (de) * 1989-01-16 1990-07-25 Creusot-Loire Industrie Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Versorgung mit flüssigem Metall für das Druckgiessen metallischer Produkte
WO1990008002A1 (fr) * 1989-01-16 1990-07-26 Creusot Loire Industrie Dispositif et procede d'alimentation en metal liquide pour la coulee sous pression de produits metalliques
FR2642686A1 (fr) * 1989-01-16 1990-08-10 Creusot Loire Dispositif et procede d'alimentation en metal liquide pour la coulee sous pression de produits metalliques
US5180538A (en) * 1989-01-16 1993-01-19 Creusot-Loire Industrie Device and method for feeding molten metal for the pressure casting of metal products
DE10061026A1 (de) * 2000-12-08 2002-06-13 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Metallgießverfahren und -vorrichtung
CN108994278A (zh) * 2018-09-19 2018-12-14 深圳市乐业科技有限公司 一种定量精准的压力铸造设备
CN108994278B (zh) * 2018-09-19 2020-05-12 新成业机铸制品(深圳)有限公司 一种定量精准的压力铸造设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE46640T1 (de) 1989-10-15
KR910009368B1 (ko) 1991-11-14
FI874796A (fi) 1988-05-01
PT86026A (pt) 1988-11-30
AR241762A1 (es) 1992-12-30
BR8705803A (pt) 1988-05-31
DK566687A (da) 1988-05-01
IE872921L (en) 1988-04-30
SU1637659A3 (ru) 1991-03-23
FR2605913A1 (fr) 1988-05-06
AU586786B2 (en) 1989-07-20
FI82620B (fi) 1990-12-31
PT86026B (pt) 1993-08-31
IE62774B1 (en) 1995-02-22
IS3275A7 (is) 1988-05-02
EP0270466B1 (de) 1989-09-27
KR880004876A (ko) 1988-06-27
GR3000173T3 (en) 1990-12-31
NO874507D0 (no) 1987-10-29
FI874796A0 (fi) 1987-10-30
JPH0230789B2 (de) 1990-07-09
NO874507L (no) 1988-05-02
CA1302045C (fr) 1992-06-02
FI82620C (fi) 1991-04-10
MX169523B (es) 1993-07-09
JPS63115664A (ja) 1988-05-20
DK160467C (da) 1991-09-30
NO167635C (no) 1991-11-27
AU8045687A (en) 1988-05-05
DK566687D0 (da) 1987-10-29
IS1397B6 (is) 1989-10-31
DE3760607D1 (en) 1989-11-02
US4777998A (en) 1988-10-18
DK160467B (da) 1991-03-18
ES2010716B3 (es) 1989-12-01
NO167635B (no) 1991-08-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0270466B1 (de) Druckgiessmaschine für metallische Gussstücke, die Keramikfasern enthalten können
FR2473923A1 (fr) Procede d'injection de metal fondu et machine de coulee sous pression verticale correspondante
EP0624413A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum gesteuerten Niederdruckgiessen unter Vakuum für Aluminium oder Magnesiumlegierungen
JP5101349B2 (ja) 竪型鋳造装置及び竪型鋳造方法
FR2499229A1 (fr) Dispositif pour boucher le trou de coulee d'un recipient metallurgique
KR970005371B1 (ko) 진공 주조법
US5309975A (en) Differential pressure casting process
EP0924305B1 (de) Metallurgischer Reaktor zur Behandlung von geschmolzenem Metall unter vermindertem Druck
JPH02284756A (ja) 鋳造装置及び方法
JPH0716727A (ja) 真空鋳造法
EP0463911B1 (de) Verfahren, Giessform und Vorrichtung zum mehrstufigen Niederdruckgiessen von Metall
JP2008044008A (ja) 低圧鋳造装置および不活性ガスの充満方法
FR2615768A1 (fr) Procede de moulage en coquille, notamment metallique, et dispositif et coquille s'y rapportant
FR2651160A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour couler des barres metalliques ou analogues.
EP0943380A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Stranggiessen von Metallen
FR2760984A1 (fr) Procede de fabrication d'une piece composite a matrice magnesium, par fonderie sous pression
EP0457674B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Pulverlegierungen durch schnelle Erstarrung
EP0473499B1 (de) Verfahren und Einrichtung für ein Strahlschutzrohr beim Stranggiessen
EP0528723B1 (de) Steigender Guss mit geregelter Formfüllung und Form für genanntes Verfahren
BE1015358A3 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour la coulee continue en charge d'un metal en fusion.
FR2666258A1 (fr) Busette d'alimentation de metal liquide pour une lingotiere de coulee continue.
JPH05293625A (ja) 鋳造装置
FR2562821A1 (fr) Machine de moulage automatique par basse pression de pieces de fonderie
EP0243287A1 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen grosser dünnwandiger Gussstücke aus Aluminiumlegierungen
BE697813A (de)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19880621

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19890116

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 46640

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19891015

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: ING. A. GIAMBROCONO & C. S.R.L.

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3760607

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19891102

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: FG4A

Free format text: 3000173

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19901010

Year of fee payment: 4

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF THE APPLICANT RENOUNCES

Effective date: 19911031

EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19940915

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19940917

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19940919

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19940920

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19940921

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 19940928

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19940928

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19941001

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19941014

Year of fee payment: 8

ITTA It: last paid annual fee
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19941031

Year of fee payment: 8

EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 87420297.1

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19951030

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19951030

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19951030

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19951031

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19951031

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19951031

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19951031

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: ALUMINIUM PECHINEY

Effective date: 19951031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19960430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19960501

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19951030

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19960628

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: MM2A

Free format text: 3000173

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 87420297.1

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19960501

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19960801

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 19991102

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20051030