EP0251034B1 - Relais électromagnétique - Google Patents
Relais électromagnétique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0251034B1 EP0251034B1 EP87108704A EP87108704A EP0251034B1 EP 0251034 B1 EP0251034 B1 EP 0251034B1 EP 87108704 A EP87108704 A EP 87108704A EP 87108704 A EP87108704 A EP 87108704A EP 0251034 B1 EP0251034 B1 EP 0251034B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- spring
- armature
- relay according
- yoke
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000034656 Contusions Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
- H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
- H01H50/24—Parts rotatable or rockable outside coil
- H01H50/28—Parts movable due to bending of a blade spring or reed
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electromagnetic relay with a coil, a core arranged in the coil and a yoke coupled to the core, which extends at least partially next to the coil and at its free end an end face which is essentially aligned with a core pole face and is cut at right angles to the coil axis forms, and with a flat armature, which is mounted by spring force on the end face of the yoke and forms a working air gap with the core pole face.
- a plate-shaped armature is held in front of the end face of the yoke by means of a bearing spring, the bearing spring itself being fastened to a yoke section which is relatively far away from the end face, which entire bearing point encompasses an arc and is also firmly connected to the anchor itself in the further course.
- the anchor protrudes with its end edge over the yoke outside and has a cutout in the area of the bearing spring.
- the object of the invention is to provide a relay of the type mentioned, in which a defined mounting of the armature with a good, as uniform as possible magnetic flux transition and a constant as possible armature bearing force is achieved during operation, with complex machining operations of the individual, on the storage involved parts should be avoided as far as possible.
- this object is achieved in that on the surface of the free yoke end facing away from the coil an anchor bearing plate of substantially less thickness than that of the yoke is fastened, which protrudes over the yoke end together with the end face of the yoke a bearing notch for the anchor , whose opening angle is greater than the edge angle of the bearing edge of the armature seated in it, and that a bearing spring presses the armature into this bearing notch.
- a defined cutting edge bearing for the armature is thus created in a simple manner by a bearing plate placed on the outside of the yoke, so that neither the yoke nor the armature has to be bent or embossed in any particular way.
- the anchor lies fully on the end face of the right-angled yoke, while a defined flow transition is achieved via the cutting edge bearing even in the dropped state.
- the bearing plate is expediently made of ferromagnetic metal. Otherwise, this bearing plate need only have a fraction of the thickness of the yoke, for example in the The order of 5 to 25%, preferably between 10 and 15%.
- the external dimension of the magnet system is only slightly increased by the additionally mounted bearing plate, it being possible for a correspondingly small recess to be provided in a housing enclosing the yoke and the coil. It is only necessary to ensure that the bearing plate is connected to the yoke up to the end edge of the yoke or rests thereon in order to form the mentioned bearing notch in a defined form.
- the attachment can be carried out by welding or the like or by hanging in laterally formed locking elements. If, for example, a welding spot is provided at a certain distance from the end edge of the yoke, plug-in fastening of the entire magnet system in a housing can additionally ensure that the bearing plate is not bent outwards from the end edge of the yoke.
- the opening angle of the bearing notch is 90 °, the bearing plate projecting over the yoke end as a flat sheet.
- the armature is cut somewhat obliquely on its front face, so that a bearing edge is formed at an acute angle.
- the bearing plate can also be slightly curved inwards or outwards at the yoke edge. With an inward bend, the bearing notch thus has an acute opening angle, so that the armature must be cut at an even smaller angle.
- the armature is pressed into the bearing notch in its main plane when the spring is loaded, so that under certain circumstances a simpler design of the bearing spring is possible.
- a contact spring can also take over the function of the bearing spring in this case.
- the bearing plate is slightly bent outwards at the yoke edge, so that the bearing notch becomes blunt Forming an angle, this has the advantage that the armature can have a right-angled bearing edge. In this case, it would be easier to manufacture.
- the bearing plate can in any case have lateral guide tabs for the anchor.
- the bearing spring which presses the anchor into the bearing notch and thus ensures the uniform bearing force and a precisely defined river transition, can be designed in different ways. It is expediently arranged in such a way that it not only presses the armature into the notch in the direction of the bearing blade, but at the same time exerts a torque on it in the sense of an armature reset - in special cases also in the direction of tightening of the armature.
- it can be designed as a tension spring which acts on the side of the armature facing away from the pole face and is suspended in the region of the free end of the bearing plate. In this case, the bearing plate itself can form a hanging eye; but it would also be possible to provide additional precautions for fastening the tension spring.
- the tension spring expediently has a small spring rate in its pulling direction, while it has a high spring rate in the directions parallel to the bearing axis of the armature and the suspension of the spring only allows a pivoting movement about an axis parallel to the bearing axis of the armature.
- This pushes the anchor with a soft spring character into the bearing and resets it, while on the other hand it is secured against lateral wandering in the direction of its axis.
- Such a tension spring can be bent, for example, from wire in a meandering shape.
- the bearing spring is a leaf spring which is fastened at one end in the extension region of the bearing plate and engages in a notch of the armature with its other end. It can be welded to the bearing plate or similar methods of attachment may be connected. However, it is particularly advantageous to form the bearing plate from a resilient material and to form the bearing spring in one piece on this bearing plate.
- the bearing spring can be bent, for example, hairpin-shaped.
- the bearing spring can have a first spring section arranged in the extension of the bearing plate and parallel to the bearing plate, and a second, essentially to the anchor have parallel spring section, wherein the second spring section engages in the mentioned notch of the armature.
- the two spring sections can each be bent in a hairpin shape.
- the bearing spring can also be formed by two adjacent sections of the leaf spring, which are connected at the ends distant from the armature or from the bearing plate and are bent towards one another at an acute angle.
- the relay shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a coil former 1 with winding 2, in which a core 3 with a pole plate 4 is arranged. The opposite end of the core is covered. It is coupled in the usual way to an angular yoke, of which a yoke leg 5 runs parallel to the coil axis next to the winding and forms with its free end a right-angled end face 5a which is aligned with the pole face 4a of the pole plate 4.
- a bearing plate 6 is welded onto the outside 5b of the yoke leg 5 facing away from the coil, which has a substantially smaller thickness than the yoke and projects as a flat sheet over the end face 5a, so that a bearing notch with a between the end face 5a and the bearing plate 6 Opening angle of 90 ° is formed.
- An armature 8 is seated in the bearing notch 7 and forms a bearing cutting edge 8a at an angle of less than 90 ° at its supported end, so that it can be pivoted in the bearing notch 7 for switching.
- the anchor 8 is shown in the rest position and, hint, also in the working position.
- the angle of its cutting edge is held so that the armature with its side surface on the End face 5a of the yoke and in the rest position rests with its end face on the bearing plate 6. This creates a good flow transition in every position, especially since the bearing plate is expediently made of ferromagnetic material.
- the entire magnet system is arranged in a housing, consisting of a base 9 and a housing cap 10, the coil former 1 with the yoke leg 5 filling the full width of the housing cap. Only the small thickness of the bearing plate 6 slightly exceeds this width of the magnet system. For this purpose, a recess 10a corresponding to the thickness of the bearing plate is provided in the housing cap 10.
- the bearing plate is additionally pressed against the yoke leg 5 by the housing cap, so that the bearing plate cannot move away from the end edge of the yoke leg 5, that is to say the shape of the bearing notch 7 cannot be changed.
- an additional bearing and return spring 15 which is bent in a meandering shape from wire and both pulls the armature into the bearing notch and exerts a restoring torque on it.
- This bearing spring 15 is welded to the armature at its upper end 15a and fastened at its lower end 15b to a hanging eye 16 which is formed on an extension of the bearing plate 6.
- the bearing spring Due to its meandering shape in the lateral direction, ie in the directions parallel to the bearing axis of the armature, the bearing spring has a high spring rate, but in its longitudinal direction, ie in the direction between its two fastening points, it has a soft spring characteristic, so that the armature is pressed into the bearing with little force; this keeps the response power of the relay as low as possible.
- the suspension of the spring end 15b in the eyelet 16 is designed so that the spring can move about its suspension axis, but does not allow any displacement in the direction of this axis. The anchor is thus secured against movements in its axial direction.
- Fig. 3 shows a detail of a relay according to FIG. 1, in which the storage is slightly modified.
- a bearing plate 17 is attached, which is bent with its free end 17a on the yoke edge to the outside, so that a bearing notch is formed, the opening angle between the bearing plate 17 or its end portion 17a on the one hand and the end face 5a of the yoke an angle greater than 90 °.
- the armature 18 can have a bearing edge with an angle of 90 °. It can therefore be cut off at right angles, which simplifies its manufacture.
- the housing cap 10 has a corresponding recess 10b.
- FIG. 4 A further modification is shown in the detailed illustration of the anchor bearing in FIG. 4.
- a bearing plate 19 is attached to the yoke leg 5, the end section 19a of which is bent toward the armature, so that a bearing notch with an opening angle of less than 90 ° is produced.
- the armature 20 must have a bearing cutting edge 20a, the angle of which is even smaller than the opening angle of the bearing notch. This has the advantage that the bearing spring for the armature can be made simpler. Because with a spring force that acts on the armature 20 in its longitudinal direction, it is automatically pushed into the notch by the acute angle of the bearing notch.
- the contact spring 14, which is pretensioned with it, can serve as the bearing spring Spring tab 14a is hung on a driving tooth 20b of the armature and rests on a shoulder 20c.
- the bearing plate 19 In order to secure the anchor against lateral migration in the axial direction, the bearing plate 19 also has laterally formed guide tabs.
- FIG. 5 A further modification of the armature bearing is shown in FIG. 5 for a relay according to FIG. 1.
- a hairpin-shaped bearing spring 25 is formed in one piece with a bearing plate 26 and fastened to the yoke leg 5.
- the first leg 25a of the bearing spring extends in the extension of the bearing plate 26, while the second leg 25b engages with the free end in a notch 27 of the armature 28.
- the underside 27a of this notch 27 is curved so that the bearing spring 25 presses the armature into the bearing notch 7 and at the same time exerts a restoring moment on it.
- the relay is constructed similarly to that shown in Fig. 1.
- FIG. 6 A further modification of the relay of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 6.
- a bearing spring 35 is designed in one piece with a bearing plate 36.
- This bearing spring 35 has two sections which are essentially perpendicular to one another, namely section 35a in the extension of the bearing plate and section 35b parallel to the armature.
- the free end 35c of the bearing spring 35 engages in a notch 37 of the armature 38 and presses it into the bearing notch in both axial directions.
- the spring section 35a is formed by folding and cranking, while the section 35b is bent in a hairpin shape. The special shape and the resulting long spring lengths result in a low spring rate for the two axes, and an almost constant armature bearing force is obtained.
- the region of the spring section 35b denoted by X thus results in a soft spring characteristic for the armature travel in the axial direction of the coil, while the region of the spring section 35a denoted by Y results in a soft spring characteristic for the perpendicular path direction of the armature.
- the spring width can be changed both in the X range and in the Y range. Due to the special shape of the bearing spring 35 in FIG. 6, the desired soft spring characteristic is obtained with the smallest space requirement, so that practically the entire area in front of the anchor is available for the design of the contact unit, in particular for achieving a large spring length for the contact spring 14.
- the bearing spring 45 is formed in one piece with the bearing plate 46, which is fastened to the yoke leg 5.
- the bearing spring 45 is formed by two spring arms 45a and 45b lying next to one another, which are separated from one another by a slot 45c. Instead of the two spring arms, more meandering spring arms could be provided in a further development, not shown.
- the free end 45d of the spring arm 45b engages in a notch 47 of the armature 48 in order to press it into the bearing and to exert a restoring force on it.
- the bearing plate is fastened to corresponding projections 50 of the yoke leg 5 by means of latching flaps 49 formed on the side.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Electromagnets (AREA)
- Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Claims (20)
- Relais électromagnétigue, comportant une bobine (1, 2), un noyau (3) disposé dans la bobine et, accouplée au noyau, une culasse (5) gui s'étend au moins partiellement près de la bobine et gui forme à son extrémité libre une surface frontale (50) alignée sensiblement avec une surface polaire (4a) du noyau et découpée à angle droit par rapport à l'axe de la bobine, ainsi qu'une armature plate (8 ; 18 ; 20 ; 28 ; 38 ; 48) gui est montée, à l'aide de la force d'un ressort, sur la surface frontale (5a) de la culasse et qui forme avec la surface polaire (4a) du noyau un entrefer de travail, caractérisé par le fait que sur la surface supérieure, qui est éloignée de la bobine (1, 2), de l'extrémité libre (5b) de la culasse est fixée une plaque de montage (6 ; 17 ; 19 ; 26 ; 36 ; 46) de l'armature, qui présente une épaisseur notablement inférieure à celle de la culasse (5), et qui forme, en position saillante par rapport à l'extrémité de la culasse, et avec la surface frontale (5a) de cette dernière, une encoche de montage (7) pour l'armature (8 ; 18 ; 20 ; 28 ; 38 ; 48), dont l'angle d'ouverture est plus grand que l'angle d'arête de l'arête de montage (8a) de l'armature qui y est logée, un ressort de montage (15, 25, 35, 45) enfonçant l'armature dans ladite encoche de montage (7).
- Relais selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la plaque de montage (6 ; 17 ; 19 ; 26 ; 36 ; 46) est constitué avec un matériau ferromagnétique.
- Relais selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'angle d'ouverture de l'encoche de montage (7) est de 90°, et l'arête de montage (8a) de l'armature (8) comporte un angle aigu.
- Relais selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'arête de montage de l'armature (18) forme un angle de 90°, et l'encoche de montage présente un angle d'ouverture obtus.
- Relais selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'encoche de montage forme un angle d'ouverture aigu, et l'arête de montage de l'armature (20) présente un angle plus faible correspondant.
- Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que la plaque de montage (19) comporte, sur ses deux côtés, des languettes de guidage conformées (19d) pour l'armature (20).
- Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que la plaque de montage (46) est fixée à la culasse (5) à l'aide d'éléments d'encliquetage conformés (49).
- Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait qu'un élément de boîtier (10) qui entoure latéralement la bobine (1, 2) et la culasse (5), possède une ouverture (10a) qui correspond à l'épaisseur de la plaque de montage (6).
- Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que le ressort de montage (15 ; 25 ; 35) exerce sur l'armature en même temps un couple de renvoi autour de l'axe de montage.
- Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est prévu, en tant que ressort de montage, un ressort de traction (15) qui attaque le côté de l'armature (8) qui est éloigné de la surface polaire, et qui est accroché dans la zone de l'extrémité libre de la plaque de montage (6).
- Relais selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que le ressort de traction (15) présente, dans la direction de la traction, une faible caractéristique d'élasticité, mais, dans les directions parallèles à l'axe de montage de l'armature (8), une caractéristique d'élasticité élevée, et que l'accrochage (16) du ressort n'autorise qu'un mouvement de basculement autour d'un axe qui est parallèle à l'axe de montage de l'armature.
- Relais selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé par le fait que le ressort de traction (15) présente une forme en méandres.
- Relais selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé par le fait que le ressort de traction (15) est accroché dans un oeillet (16) qui est conformé sur l'extrémité libre de la plaque de montage (6).
- Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par le fait qu'une lame de ressort (25, 35, 45) sert de ressort de montage, laquelle lame de ressort est fixée, par une extrémité, à l'avant de l'extrémité libre de la plaque de montage (6) et pénètre, par son autre extrémité, dans une encoche (27, 37, 47) de l'armature (28, 38, 48).
- Relais selon la revendication 14, caractérisé par le fait que le ressort de montage (25) se présente sous la forme d'une épingle à cheveux.
- Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que le ressort de montage (35) comporte une première section de ressort (35a) essentiellement parallèle à la plaque de montage (36), et une seconde section de ressort (35d), sensiblement parallèle à l'armature (38).
- Relais selon la revendication 16, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins l'une des deux sections de ressort (35a, 35b) est repliée en forme d'épingle à cheveux.
- Relais selon la revendication 14, caractérisé par le fait que le ressort de montage (45) comporte deux ou plusieurs sections de ressort (45a, 45b) situées l'une à côté de l'autre et découpées dans un plan d'une lame de ressort.
- Relais selon l'une des revendications 14 à 18, caractérisé par le fait que l'encoche (47) de l'armature (48) est réalisée, dans le plan de la largeur du ressort, en forme d'auge, et que l'extrémité du ressort (45d) qui pénètre dans l'encoche, présente une courbure à la manière d'un élément de centrage.
- Relais selon l'une des revendications 14 à 19, caractérisé par le fait que la plaque de ressort (26, 36, 46) est constituée en un matériau pour ressort et elle est réalisée d'une pièce avec le ressort de montage (25, 35, 45).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT87108704T ATE62563T1 (de) | 1986-06-23 | 1987-06-16 | Elektromagnetisches relais. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3620975 | 1986-06-23 | ||
DE3620975 | 1986-06-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0251034A1 EP0251034A1 (fr) | 1988-01-07 |
EP0251034B1 true EP0251034B1 (fr) | 1991-04-10 |
Family
ID=6303503
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87108704A Expired - Lifetime EP0251034B1 (fr) | 1986-06-23 | 1987-06-16 | Relais électromagnétique |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4818965A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0251034B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2518853B2 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE62563T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3769211D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2021301B3 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3835118A1 (de) * | 1988-10-14 | 1990-04-19 | Siemens Ag | Elektromagnetisches relais |
DE3882049D1 (de) * | 1988-12-23 | 1993-07-29 | Siemens Ag | Elektromagnetisches relais. |
US5270675A (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1993-12-14 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Highly conductive magnetic material |
DE3942340A1 (de) * | 1989-12-21 | 1991-06-27 | Hengstler Bauelemente | Elektromagnetisches relais mit rueckstellfeder |
JP5984087B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-22 | 2016-09-06 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 電磁リレー |
DE102012202084A1 (de) * | 2012-02-13 | 2013-08-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Klappankerlagerung für magnetischen Auslöser |
DE102016219529A1 (de) * | 2016-10-07 | 2018-04-12 | Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh | Elektrisches Schaltelement mit unmittelbarer Ankerkopplung |
US11887797B2 (en) | 2016-10-07 | 2024-01-30 | Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh | Electrical switching element comprising a direct armature coupling |
CN111446127B (zh) * | 2020-05-08 | 2024-09-20 | 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 | 一种继电器衔铁变形器 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE242186C (fr) * | ||||
US2406377A (en) * | 1943-07-20 | 1946-08-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Adjustable time limit device |
DE859505C (de) * | 1944-11-08 | 1952-12-15 | Siemens Ag | Klappankerlagerung fuer elektromagnetisch erregte Relais |
US2913548A (en) * | 1958-02-06 | 1959-11-17 | Cons Electronics Ind | Relay |
US3005936A (en) * | 1958-07-10 | 1961-10-24 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electromagnetic timing device |
US3201541A (en) * | 1963-05-15 | 1965-08-17 | American Mach & Foundry | Pivotal bearing arrangement for electromagnetic operator |
GB1029330A (en) * | 1964-12-23 | 1966-05-11 | Allied Control Co | Electromagnetic device |
US4173004A (en) * | 1978-07-25 | 1979-10-30 | Square D Company | Magnetic latch device for a clapper type contactor |
DE2943440C2 (de) * | 1979-10-26 | 1984-09-06 | Nixdorf Computer Ag, 4790 Paderborn | Klappankermagnet |
-
1987
- 1987-05-28 US US07/055,497 patent/US4818965A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-06-16 ES ES87108704T patent/ES2021301B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-16 AT AT87108704T patent/ATE62563T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-06-16 DE DE8787108704T patent/DE3769211D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-06-16 EP EP87108704A patent/EP0251034B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-17 JP JP62149312A patent/JP2518853B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2021301B3 (es) | 1991-11-01 |
JP2518853B2 (ja) | 1996-07-31 |
JPS6324521A (ja) | 1988-02-01 |
DE3769211D1 (de) | 1991-05-16 |
EP0251034A1 (fr) | 1988-01-07 |
US4818965A (en) | 1989-04-04 |
ATE62563T1 (de) | 1991-04-15 |
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