EP0248976B1 - Emetteur de rayons X refroidi par un liquide et comportant un dispositif de circulation dudit liquide - Google Patents

Emetteur de rayons X refroidi par un liquide et comportant un dispositif de circulation dudit liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0248976B1
EP0248976B1 EP87101805A EP87101805A EP0248976B1 EP 0248976 B1 EP0248976 B1 EP 0248976B1 EP 87101805 A EP87101805 A EP 87101805A EP 87101805 A EP87101805 A EP 87101805A EP 0248976 B1 EP0248976 B1 EP 0248976B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coolant
housing
ray source
cooling device
source according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87101805A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
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EP0248976A1 (fr
Inventor
Günther Appelt
Josef Schmitt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0248976A1 publication Critical patent/EP0248976A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0248976B1 publication Critical patent/EP0248976B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/02—Constructional details
    • H05G1/04—Mounting the X-ray tube within a closed housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
    • H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
    • H01J35/105—Cooling of rotating anodes, e.g. heat emitting layers or structures
    • H01J35/106—Active cooling, e.g. fluid flow, heat pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/02—Constructional details
    • H05G1/025—Means for cooling the X-ray tube or the generator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a liquid-cooled X-ray emitter with a circulation cooling device, which has a housing filled with an electrically insulating coolant, provided with a radiation passage window and an X-ray tube arranged in this, the circulation cooling device comprising a heat exchanger connected to the housing by two coolant lines, which, apart from the coolant, comprises a coolant flows through, and has a circulation pump for the coolant, and wherein the coolant circuit is closed.
  • An X-ray emitter of the type mentioned at the outset is known from "Medical X-ray Technique", Philips Technical Library, 1961, Fig. 21, page 34.
  • the circulation cooling device and the X-ray source are arranged spatially separated from one another, so that considerable additional installation space is required, which is particularly problematic when the X-ray source is to be integrated into an existing X-ray system.
  • the circulation cooling device of the X-ray emitter has a high cooling capacity, since the heat exchanger is formed by a reservoir for the coolant, in which a cooling coil through which water is arranged is arranged.
  • the storage container is arranged in a defined position, so that the circulation cooling device cannot be operated independently of the position.
  • an X-ray emitter with a circulation cooling device is known.
  • the circulation cooling device and the X-ray source are arranged spatially separate from one another, so that the disadvantages mentioned above occur.
  • the circulation cooling device of this X-ray emitter has a fan which generates an air flow directed towards a cooler through which a coolant flows, but the known X-ray emitter is unsuitable for applications in which the X-ray tube is exposed to high loads, since the cooling capacity of the circulation cooling device in these cases not enough.
  • JP-A 60 112 297 an X-ray emitter with a liquid-filled housing is known, in which a wall section of the housing is provided with cooling fins protruding into the housing interior. On the outside of the wall section there is a 'thermo module' which electronically produces a cooling effect like a heat pump. The side of the 'thermo module' facing away from the wall section is provided with a finned heat sink.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an X-ray emitter of the type mentioned in such a way that the X-ray emitter and the circulation cooling device form a compact unit and the circulation cooling device still has a high cooling effect.
  • this object is achieved in that the circulation cooling device is attached directly to the housing of the X-ray emitter, the housing is essentially cylindrical, and the circulation cooling device, which essentially has the outer diameter corresponding to the housing, is arranged on an end face of the housing.
  • the x-ray emitter and the circulation cooling device thus form a compact structural unit, the dimensions of an x-ray emitter according to the invention being hardly larger than that of a conventional one, so that it is possible to use the x-ray systems according to the invention in existing x-ray systems.
  • the circulation cooling device of the X-ray emitter according to the invention has a high cooling capacity.
  • the X-ray emitter according to the invention has the advantage that a small amount of coolant compared to known X-ray emitters is included in the coolant circuit, so that changes in volume of the coolant caused by temperature fluctuations are only small and any means provided for compensating them can be simply formed in the X-ray emitter.
  • the heat exchanger In view of the manufacturing costs for the heat exchanger, it is expedient if it is formed from a double-walled tube which delimits an outer channel with its outer and inner walls and an inner channel with its inner wall, the coolant in one and the coolant flows in the other channel.
  • the space requirement of such a heat exchanger is particularly small if it is formed from a spiral-wound double-walled tube, the tube being able to be provided with ribbing on its outer circumferential surface for additional heat radiation.
  • the heat exchanger is formed from a double-walled tube, it can be provided that the coolant flows in the outer channel and the cooling liquid in the inner channel of the tube. Even in the event of a failure of the coolant flow, heat can then be dissipated by means of the heat exchanger, which now acts as a cooler, whereby a fan for generating an air flow sweeping the heat exchanger can be provided for such emergencies in order to enable a further increase in heat dissipation.
  • a further improvement in the cooling effect lets can be achieved according to a variant of the invention in that the circulation cooling device has means for generating a directional coolant flow in the interior of the housing such that the coolant entering the housing first flows over those regions of the X-ray tube which are at the highest temperature, so that the coolant flow thermal convection is opposed.
  • the fact that the X-ray source is operated in different spatial positions can be taken into account in that the direction of the coolant flow can be reversed, whereby means can be provided which automatically reverse the coolant flow depending on the spatial position of the X-ray source.
  • FIG. 1 shows an X-ray emitter according to the invention, the one with an electrically insulating coolant tel, e.g. Insulating oil, filled housing 1, in which an X-ray tube 2 is arranged.
  • an X-ray tube 2 is arranged.
  • This is designed as a rotating anode X-ray tube, which contains an anode plate 3, a cathode 4 and a motor for driving the rotating anode, which has a rotor 5 and a stator 7 arranged outside the glass body of the X-ray tube 2 on an insulator 6.
  • the housing 1 has a radiation passage window 8 for the X-rays emanating from the anode plate 3.
  • a circulating cooling device which has a cooler 11 connected to the housing 1 by two coolant lines 9 and 10 and a circulating pump 12 for the coolant, the coolant circuit being closed and the coolant lines 9 and 10 being guided liquid-tight through the wall of the housing 1.
  • a transverse wall 13 is provided within the housing 1 , which a flexible membrane 14, which seals the interior of the housing 1 in a liquid-tight manner, is provided, which serves to absorb temperature-related volume fluctuations in the coolant.
  • the circulation cooling device is attached directly to the housing 1, which is essentially cylindrical.
  • the circulation cooling device attached to the one end face of the housing 1, which is arranged under a hood 15 provided with ventilation slots, has an outer diameter which corresponds essentially to that of the housing 1.
  • the cooler 11 is designed as a heat exchanger.
  • This consists of a double-walled tube 20, through which a coolant flows in addition to the coolant, the coolant flowing between the outer wall 21 and the inner wall 22 and the coolant flowing inside the inner wall 22 of the double-walled tube 20. Even if the coolant circuit should fail, a certain heat dissipation from the coolant to the surrounding atmosphere is still possible via the outer wall 21 of the double-walled tube 20, which can be increased by a fan 16.
  • the heat exchanger 11 is formed from a spirally wound tube 20 which has fins 17 on its outer lateral surface, which are not shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 for reasons of clarity.
  • the sections of the coolant lines 9 and 10 located outside the interior of the housing 1 are designed for safety reasons as pipes and are continued within the housing 1 such that the coolant line 9 in the area of the stator 7 and the coolant line 10, which are in the interior of the housing 1 as a plastic hose 23 is formed, ends in the region of the cathode-side end of the X-ray tube 2. If the x-ray emitter is operated in the position shown in FIG. 1, that is to say with the recirculating cooling device pointing upward, it is expedient to let the coolant enter the housing 1 through the coolant line 9, since this then firstly the region of the x-ray tube adjacent to the stator 7 2 flows, which experience has shown the highest temperature in the operating position of the X-ray emitter.
  • the conveying direction of the circulating pump 12 is reversible, specifically depending on the spatial position of the X-ray emitter by means of a mercury switch 24 shown in FIG. 3, which is fixedly attached to the housing 1 not shown in FIG.
  • the mercury switch 24 has two contacts 25 and 26, by means of which the drive motor 27 of the circulating pump 12, which is shown schematically in FIG positive supply voltage + U B and once with a negative supply voltage - U B is connected, which leads to a reversal of the direction of rotation of the drive motor 27 and thus the conveying direction of the circulation pump 12.
  • the drive motor 27 is connected to the positive supply voltage + Us.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Emetteur de rayons X refroidi par un liquide et comportant un dispositif de refroidissement à circulation, qui comporte un boîtier (1) rempli par un fluide de refroidissement électriquement isolant et possédant une fenêtre (8) de passage du rayonnement, et un tube à rayons X (2) disposé à l'intérieur de ce boîtier, et dans lequel le dispositif de refroidissement à circulation comporte un échangeur de chaleur (11), raccordé par deux canalisations (9, 10) véhiculant le fluide de refroidissement, montées sur le boîtier (1), et traversé non seulement par le fluide de refroidissement, mais également par un liquide de refroidissement, et une pompe de circulation (12) pour le fluide de refroidissement, et dans lequel le circuit du fluide de refroidissement est fermé, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de refroidissement à circulation est monté directement sur le boîtier (1) de l'émetteur de rayons X, que le boîtier (1) possède une forme essentiellement cylindrique et que le dispositif de refroidissement à circulation, qui possède un diamètre extérieur correspondant sensiblement à celui du boîtier (1), est disposé sur une face frontale de ce dernier.
2. Emetteur de rayons X selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'échangeur de chaleur (11) est formé par un tube à paroi double (20), qui délimite, par sa paroi extérieure et sa paroi intérieure (21 et 22), un canal extérieur et, par sa paroi intérieure (22), un canal intérieur, le fluide de refroidissement circulant dans un canal et le liquide de refroidissement circulant dans l'autre canal.
3. Emetteur de rayons X suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le tube à paroi double (20) est enroulé en spirale.
4. Emetteur de rayons X suivant la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé par le fait que le tube (20) comporte des nervures (17) sur sa surface enveloppe extérieure.
5. Emetteur de rayons X suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que le fluide de refroidissement pénètre dans le canal extérieur et le liquide de refroidissement dans le canal intérieur du tube à paroi double (20).
6. Emetteur de rayons X suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de refroidissement à circulation comporte un ventilateur (16) servant à produire un courant d'air balayant l'échangeur de chaleur (11).
7. Tube à rayons X suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de refroidissement à circulation comporte des moyens (9, 18, 19, 23) servant à produire, à l'intérieur du boîtier (1), un courant du fluide de refroidissement dirigé de telle sorte que le fluide de refroidissement pénétrant dans le boîtier (1) balaye des zones du tube à rayons X (1), qui possèdent la température maximale.
8. Emetteur de rayons X suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que la direction du courant du fluide de refroidissement peut être inversée.
9. Emetteur de rayons X suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est prévu des moyens (24), qui inversent automatiquement le courant du fluide de refroidissement, en fonction de la position spatiale de l'émetteur de rayons X.
EP87101805A 1986-06-13 1987-02-10 Emetteur de rayons X refroidi par un liquide et comportant un dispositif de circulation dudit liquide Expired - Lifetime EP0248976B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8615918U DE8615918U1 (de) 1986-06-13 1986-06-13 Flüssigkeitsgekühlter Röntgenstrahler mit einer Umlaufkühleinrichtung
DE8615918U 1986-06-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0248976A1 EP0248976A1 (fr) 1987-12-16
EP0248976B1 true EP0248976B1 (fr) 1990-05-23

Family

ID=6795516

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87101805A Expired - Lifetime EP0248976B1 (fr) 1986-06-13 1987-02-10 Emetteur de rayons X refroidi par un liquide et comportant un dispositif de circulation dudit liquide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4768212A (fr)
EP (1) EP0248976B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0515759Y2 (fr)
DE (2) DE8615918U1 (fr)

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US4912739A (en) * 1987-09-21 1990-03-27 Weiss Mortimer E Rotating anode X-ray tube with deflected electron beam
EP0426898B1 (fr) * 1989-11-09 1993-08-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Emetteur de rayons X
DE58905921D1 (de) * 1989-11-09 1993-11-18 Siemens Ag Röngenstrahler.
DE4101777A1 (de) * 1991-01-22 1992-08-06 Siemens Ag Roentgenstrahler mit entgasungsvorrichtung
FR2675628B1 (fr) * 1991-04-17 1996-09-13 Gen Electric Cgr Ensemble anodique a forte dissipation thermique pour tube a rayons x et tube ainsi obtenu.
DE4225221C2 (de) * 1992-07-30 1996-08-22 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betrieb einer Röntgenanlage mit einem Röntgenstrahler
FR2736239A1 (fr) * 1995-06-30 1997-01-03 Ge Medical Syst Sa Procede de refroidissement d'un dispositif a rayonnement electromagnetique, en particulier un tube a rayons x, et systeme correspondant
US5784430A (en) * 1996-04-16 1998-07-21 Northrop Grumman Corporation Multiple station gamma ray absorption contraband detection system
US5802140A (en) * 1997-08-29 1998-09-01 Varian Associates, Inc. X-ray generating apparatus with integral housing
US6215851B1 (en) 1998-07-22 2001-04-10 Northrop Grumman Corporation High current proton beam target
DE19956491C2 (de) 1999-11-24 2001-09-27 Siemens Ag Röntgenstrahler mit zwangsgekühlter Drehanode
US6608429B1 (en) * 2000-08-16 2003-08-19 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Co., Llc X-ray imaging system with convective heat transfer device
US6366642B1 (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-04-02 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. X-ray tube cooling system
EP1488441A2 (fr) * 2002-01-31 2004-12-22 The Johns Hopkins University Source de rayons x et procede pour la production plus efficace de frequences de rayons x au choix
US6997609B2 (en) * 2002-12-10 2006-02-14 Tark, Inc. System and method for cooling an x-ray tube in a tomography computer system
DE102008017153A1 (de) * 2008-04-03 2009-11-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Strahlungserzeuger
WO2011096557A1 (fr) * 2010-02-08 2011-08-11 株式会社 日立メディコ Dispositif à tube à rayons x et dispositif ct à rayons x
JP6214899B2 (ja) * 2012-03-30 2017-10-18 東芝電子管デバイス株式会社 回転陽極型ｘ線管ユニット及び回転陽極型ｘ線管装置
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DE102017002210A1 (de) 2017-03-08 2018-09-13 Heuft Systemtechnik Gmbh Kühlvorrichtung für Röntgengeneratoren
CN108257837B (zh) * 2018-03-14 2019-11-15 苏州博思得电气有限公司 组合机头及射线影像设备

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0515759Y2 (fr) 1993-04-26
JPS62201500U (fr) 1987-12-22
DE3762942D1 (de) 1990-06-28
DE8615918U1 (de) 1987-10-15
EP0248976A1 (fr) 1987-12-16
US4768212A (en) 1988-08-30

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