EP0199897B1 - Application d'un système aqueux contenant des macromolécules gonflées comme eau d'extinction - Google Patents

Application d'un système aqueux contenant des macromolécules gonflées comme eau d'extinction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0199897B1
EP0199897B1 EP86101157A EP86101157A EP0199897B1 EP 0199897 B1 EP0199897 B1 EP 0199897B1 EP 86101157 A EP86101157 A EP 86101157A EP 86101157 A EP86101157 A EP 86101157A EP 0199897 B1 EP0199897 B1 EP 0199897B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
fire
extinguishing
gel particles
dispersion according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86101157A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0199897A1 (fr
Inventor
Hubert von Blücher
Hasso von Blücher
Ernest Dr. De Ruiter
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT86101157T priority Critical patent/ATE41872T1/de
Publication of EP0199897A1 publication Critical patent/EP0199897A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0199897B1 publication Critical patent/EP0199897B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
    • A62D1/005—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0064—Gels; Film-forming compositions

Definitions

  • Extinguishing water is mainly used for fighting fires in the form in which it can be found in the mains or in natural water, for example in the case of forest fires.
  • the mode of action of the extinguishing water is, on the one hand, that when it comes into contact with burning objects, it achieves very effective cooling due to its high heat capacity and heat of vaporization, so that the combustion temperature or the ignition temperature of the objects may be fallen below, thereby precluding new ignition.
  • its effect is that when it hits hot objects, it evaporates and the water vapor that is displaced displaces the air required for combustion, thereby immediately extinguishing the flames.
  • a major disadvantage when using water in the usual form is that a large proportion of the water often flows unused into non-burning parts or seeps into the ground. This is particularly disadvantageous in the case of forest fires when a significant proportion of the water, which is often transported at great expense, remains completely unused.
  • fighting fires near the ground is an important part of fighting forest fires, because according to a typical form of forest fire, the fire continues to eat in the dry undergrowth (grass, leaves or heather) and causes individual crown fires, which then inevitably combine. So far, it has not been possible to make optimal use of the water that has been brought in, especially since forest fires are often preceded by a longer drying period and the soil is therefore particularly absorbent for water.
  • DE-OS 31 14 630 describes the use of gels as a water barrier on surfaces of fire-threatened parts of the building, eg. B. flat roofs, and to protect entire areas from wildfires. This measure is intended to avoid an undesired loss of extinguishing water as a result of running off and seeping away.
  • these are real gels with a very high viscosity, which cover the material to be protected as a thick layer. Since such gels do not penetrate the fire-endangered goods, they have a poor extinguishing effect. Their high viscosity makes the use of special devices necessary for their application.
  • US-A-3 354 084 also describes the use of a gel made from a water-swellable acrylic polymer, in particular slightly crosslinked acrylamide copolymers, together with finely divided titanium dioxide particles to increase the viscosity and achieve light protection for fighting forest fires.
  • US Pat. No. 3,404,089 recommends that the gel be produced only immediately before the fire fighting by reaction of a low-viscosity polyacrylic acid dispersion with aqueous solutions of alkali or ammonium salts. But here too there is the disadvantage that a real gel with very high viscosity is ultimately used to fight the fire, which does not penetrate into the goods to be protected and has a poor extinguishing effect.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a fire-fighting agent with the objective of reducing the water damage which arises during fire-fighting, reducing the environmental impact, enabling use with generally customary equipment and preventing corrosion damage.
  • Water-insoluble, water-swelling polymers are described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 4017653 and 4018951. In the professional world, these substances are also referred to as superabsorbent polymers or so-called superabsorbers. This applies in particular to the copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid with acrylamide, methacrylamide and acrylonitrile, as described in DE-PS 2706135 are.
  • All olefinically at least bifunctional monomers are suitable as crosslinking agents, such as. B. methylenebisacrylamide, divinylbenzene, trisallyl cyanurate, trisallyl phosphate, etc.
  • crosslinking agents such as. B. methylenebisacrylamide, divinylbenzene, trisallyl cyanurate, trisallyl phosphate, etc.
  • the preparation of the suitable crosslinked polymers by radical or redox polymerization is known.
  • the dispersion to be used according to the invention is prepared by adding potassium or sodium salts of the dry, slightly crosslinked copolymer based on sodium acrylate and / or acrylic acid with a particle size of 0.02 to 0.5 mm into the corresponding amount of water with stirring or pumping.
  • active silica and / or silicates can optionally be added to the unswollen copolymer.
  • the optionally added active silicas are products which are known in particular as fillers or absorbers such as the silica xerogels with BET surface areas of '30 m 2 / g, m is usually several 100 2 / g or by flame-hydrolytic cleavage active silicas obtained from silicon tetrachloride with BET surface areas of 50 to 450 m 2 / g (Aerosil).
  • active silicas there are also active silicates precipitated from water glass and the corresponding metal salts and possibly mineral acids, in particular calcium, magnesium or aluminum with BET surface areas above 30 m 2 / g in the form of their xerogels for the purposes of the invention in combination with the highly absorbent ones Polymers can be used.
  • the aqueous dispersion contains the gel particles in such concentrations that sufficient free water is still available on the one hand to achieve an excellent extinguishing effect with minimal water damage and on the other hand to enable usability with very good wetting properties, such as with pure water.
  • 50 to 80% by weight, preferably 60 to 70% by weight, of the total water is present in the gel particles.
  • the gel particles arise from the highly absorbent copolymers, the structure of which is such that they quickly absorb 100 to 200 times their weight in water, but do not dissolve in water. If an excess of water is added to the gel particles swollen in this way, the excess water remains as a pure water phase, which acts as a vehicle for the gel particles and largely retains their viscosity, while the gel particles are to be regarded as discrete macromolecules.
  • the swelling bodies based on polyacrylic acid in the form of the sodium or potassium salt
  • a wetting agent is possible and can be done in special cases, e.g. B. the deletion of cotton bales, be useful.
  • the discrete gel particles according to the invention have nothing in common with the known thickeners which are proposed for increasing the adhesion of the water and which cause a great increase in viscosity with the associated disadvantages.
  • aqueous system according to the invention By setting the aqueous system according to the invention to a pH of 6-8, corrosion phenomena on used extinguishing devices and on objects sprayed for fire protection can be avoided.
  • aqueous system according to the invention as extinguishing water does not require any special pumps or pipes because of the low viscosity.
  • it is also possible to work with conventional equipment.
  • it can be used in type W fire extinguishers and sprinkler systems.
  • the entrained gel particles do not prevent the water from penetrating into the fire material, but do not show any tendency to drain away and, due to their own adherence, remain attached to the fire-prone or burning objects and, on the other hand, give rise to excessive heat the water contained in them is freely released as steam, so that the entire extinguishing water is available for cooling and steam formation. This significantly reduces the amount of extinguishing liquid required compared to conventional agents. In addition, there is very effective protection against fire penetration.
  • the swelling bodies can be added in the tank of a fire engine, a “water bomber”, or in special mixing tanks, with gentle stirring or moderate pumping during littering and for a few minutes after the littering has ended.
  • the swollen gel particles do not stick together. Although they settle slightly during long periods of inactivity, they can be pumped around or stirred without problems even after weeks, although this is normally not necessary.
  • the usual way of using the invention is to spray or spray the aqueous system with already formed gel particles.
  • a variant that may be preferred is to add the swelling bodies in an unswollen state shortly before the jet pipe.
  • fire blankets which, for. B. in the form of throws to help escape in fire-prone businesses, large buildings such as hotels, etc.
  • Such fire blankets contain the swelling body in the swollen state and are to avoid moisture loss, for. B. welded into a film.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Utilisation d'une dispersion formée d'une phase aqueuse et d'une phase de particules de gel, gonflées par hydratation, d'un diamètre de 0,1 à 3 mm, de macromolécules polaires individuelles, insolubles dans l'eau, de polymères de grande activité absorbante à base d'acide (méth-) acrylique, qui sont réticulées de façon' telle qu'elles peuvent absorber 100 à 200 fois leur poids d'eau, les particules de gel étant présentes en une quantité de 0,1 à 0,6 % en poids, calculée en substance sèche et sur la base de la phase aqueuse, et le système aqueux a une viscosité inférieure à 100 MPa.s, comme eau d'extinction.
2. Utilisation d'une dispersion suivant la revendication 1, dans laquelle la phase aqueuse contient des ions sodium, potassium ou ammonium et les macromolécules consistent en un copolymérisat polyanionique d'acide acrylique, pour le but indiqué dans la revendication 1.
3. Utilisation d'une dispersion suivant la revendication 1, dans laquelle 50 à 80 % en poids, de préférence 60 à 70 % en poids de l'eau totale sont présents dans les particules de gel, pour le but indiqué dans la revendication 1.
4. Utilisation d'une dispersion suivant la revendication 1, qui contient de l'acide silicique et/ou des silicates actifs, pour le but indiqué dans la revendication 1.
5. Utilisation d'une dispersion suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4 pour le but indiqué dans la revendication 1, dans des extincteurs d'incendie ou des installations à têtes automatiques d'extinction.
6. Utilisation d'une dispersion suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4 pour le but indiqué dans la revendication 1, dans des couvertures d'extinction et des manteaux de secours.
EP86101157A 1985-05-03 1986-01-29 Application d'un système aqueux contenant des macromolécules gonflées comme eau d'extinction Expired EP0199897B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86101157T ATE41872T1 (de) 1985-05-03 1986-01-29 Verwendung eines waessrigen, gequollene makromolekuele enthaltenden systems als loeschwasser.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3515865 1985-05-03
DE19853515865 DE3515865A1 (de) 1985-05-03 1985-05-03 Verwendung eines waessrigen, gequollene makromolekuele enthaltenden systems als loeschwasser

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0199897A1 EP0199897A1 (fr) 1986-11-05
EP0199897B1 true EP0199897B1 (fr) 1989-04-05

Family

ID=6269692

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86101157A Expired EP0199897B1 (fr) 1985-05-03 1986-01-29 Application d'un système aqueux contenant des macromolécules gonflées comme eau d'extinction

Country Status (12)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0199897B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH088937B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE41872T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU595198B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1276442C (fr)
DE (2) DE3515865A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK159673C (fr)
ES (1) ES8708189A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI98271C (fr)
GR (1) GR861138B (fr)
NO (1) NO166571C (fr)
PT (1) PT82441B (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3716304A1 (de) * 1987-05-15 1988-11-24 Bluecher Hubert Loeschwasserzusatz
FR2628976B1 (fr) * 1988-03-25 1991-11-15 Weber Sa A Procede de traitement de l'eau pour la lutte contre les incendies
DE4336319A1 (de) * 1993-10-25 1995-04-27 Oeko Tec Umweltschutzsyst Gmbh Löschmittel und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE4343728C2 (de) * 1993-12-21 1997-04-24 Gernot Dr Loehnert Verfahren zur Herstellung von verdicktem Wasser und seine Verwendung
AU718417B2 (en) * 1995-11-14 2000-04-13 Stockhausen Gmbh & Co. Kg Water additive and method for fire prevention and fire extinguishing
GR1002790B (el) * 1996-07-22 1997-10-17 Μεθοδος και προιοντα κατασβεσης πυρκαιων.
DE19756779A1 (de) * 1996-12-20 1998-07-16 Dynamit Nobel Ag Mittel zur Kühlung von heißen Gasen
NL1007738C2 (nl) * 1997-12-08 1999-06-09 Univ Delft Tech Toepassing van hydrofiele, gelvormende polymeren als brandblusmiddel.
DE10041395A1 (de) 2000-08-23 2002-03-07 Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh Polymerdispersionen zur Feuerverhütung und -bekämpfung mit verbesserter Umweltverträglichkeit
DE10041394A1 (de) * 2000-08-23 2002-03-07 Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh Verwendung von Wasser-in-Wasser-Polymerdispersionen zur Feuerverhütung und -bekämpfung
DE102007036902A1 (de) 2007-08-06 2009-02-12 BLüCHER GMBH Löschvorrichtung, Löschsystem und Verfahren zur lokalen Brandbekämpfung
ES2783892B2 (es) * 2017-10-06 2021-07-13 Soriano Azorin Juan Jose Sistema para extincion de incendios

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3229769A (en) * 1963-01-28 1966-01-18 Dow Chemical Co Method for controlling the spread of fire
US3354084A (en) * 1964-06-24 1967-11-21 Dow Chemical Co Aqueous gel of water-swellable acrylic polymer and non-ionic filler
US3404089A (en) * 1964-08-20 1968-10-01 Mobil Oil Corp Method of extinguishing fire
US3976580A (en) * 1975-11-07 1976-08-24 Bernard Kaminstein Gelled fire extinguisher fluid comprising polyacrylamide and bentonite
JPS5649167A (en) * 1979-09-26 1981-05-02 Miyata Ind Fireeextinguishing substanse
US4384988A (en) * 1980-04-10 1983-05-24 L.M.C. Inc. Fire protection water barrier which is a gel composition of high water content and high viscosity
JPS59189869A (ja) * 1983-04-11 1984-10-27 昭和電工株式会社 防災用具
EP0212017B1 (fr) * 1983-06-21 1990-01-17 Cease Fire Corporation Composition thixotropique contenant un agent de gélification comportant un polymère de groupements carboxyles pour la suppression des feux

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK203786A (da) 1986-11-04
GR861138B (en) 1986-08-21
ATE41872T1 (de) 1989-04-15
DE3515865A1 (de) 1986-11-06
NO861750L (no) 1986-11-04
FI98271C (fi) 1997-05-26
NO166571C (no) 1991-08-14
PT82441A (en) 1986-05-01
FI98271B (fi) 1997-02-14
AU5706686A (en) 1986-11-06
DK203786D0 (da) 1986-05-02
JPS6284779A (ja) 1987-04-18
JPH088937B2 (ja) 1996-01-31
EP0199897A1 (fr) 1986-11-05
ES8708189A1 (es) 1987-10-01
DK159673C (da) 1991-04-15
DE3662641D1 (en) 1989-05-11
FI861553A0 (fi) 1986-04-14
DK159673B (da) 1990-11-19
CA1276442C (fr) 1990-11-20
ES554541A0 (es) 1987-10-01
PT82441B (pt) 1988-03-03
NO166571B (no) 1991-05-06
FI861553A (fi) 1986-11-04
AU595198B2 (en) 1990-03-29

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