EP0199897A1 - Application d'un système aqueux contenant des macromolécules gonflées comme eau d'extinction - Google Patents
Application d'un système aqueux contenant des macromolécules gonflées comme eau d'extinction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0199897A1 EP0199897A1 EP86101157A EP86101157A EP0199897A1 EP 0199897 A1 EP0199897 A1 EP 0199897A1 EP 86101157 A EP86101157 A EP 86101157A EP 86101157 A EP86101157 A EP 86101157A EP 0199897 A1 EP0199897 A1 EP 0199897A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- water
- aqueous system
- fire
- gel particles
- macromolecules
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/005—Dispersions; Emulsions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0064—Gels; Film-forming compositions
Definitions
- Extinguishing water is mainly used for fighting fires in the form in which it can be found in the mains or in natural water, for example in the case of forest fires.
- the mode of action of the extinguishing water is, on the one hand, that when it comes into contact with burning objects, it achieves very effective cooling due to its high heat capacity and heat of vaporization, so that the combustion temperature or the ignition temperature of the objects may be fallen below, thereby precluding new ignition.
- its effect is that when it hits hot objects, it evaporates and the water vapor that is displaced displaces the air required for combustion, thereby immediately extinguishing the flames.
- a major disadvantage when using water in the usual form is that a large proportion of the water often flows unused into non-burning parts or seeps into the ground. This is particularly disadvantageous in the case of forest fires when a significant proportion of the water, which is often transported at great expense, remains completely unused.
- fighting fires near the ground is an important part of fighting forest fires, because according to a typical form of forest fire, the fire continues to eat in the dry undergrowth (grass, leaves or heather) and causes individual crown fires, which then inevitably combine. So far, it has not been possible to optimally use the water that has been brought in use, especially since forest fires are often preceded by a longer dry season and the soil is therefore particularly absorbent for water.
- DE-OS 31 14 630 describes the use of gels as a water barrier on surfaces of fire-threatened parts of the building, e.g. Flat roofs, as well as to protect entire areas from wildfires. This measure is intended to avoid an undesired loss of extinguishing water as a result of running off and seeping away.
- these are real gels with a very high viscosity, which cover the material to be protected as a thick layer. Since such gels do not penetrate the fire-endangered goods, they have a poor extinguishing effect. Their high viscosity makes the use of special devices necessary for their application.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a fire-fighting agent with the objective of reducing the water damage which arises during fire-fighting, reducing the environmental impact, enabling use with generally customary equipment and preventing corrosion damage.
- Water-insoluble, strongly swelling polymers are described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 4,017,653 and 4,018,951. In the professional world, these substances are also referred to as superabsorbent polymers or so-called superabsorbers. This applies in particular to the copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid with acrylamide, methacrylamide and acrylonitrile, as are described in DE-PS 2 706 135.
- the system to be used according to the invention is preferably obtained by adding potassium or sodium salts of the dry, slightly crosslinked copolymer based on sodium acrylate and / or acrylic acid of a particle size from 0.02 to 0.5 mm in the appropriate amount of water with stirring or pumping.
- All olefinically at least bifunctional monomers are suitable as crosslinking agents, such as, for example, methylenebisacrylamide, divinylbenzene, trisallyl cyanurate, trisallyl phosphate, etc.
- the preparation of the suitable crosslinked polymers by free-radical or redox polymerization is known.
- active silica and / or silicates can optionally be added to the unswollen copolymer.
- the optionally added active silicas are products which are known in particular as fillers or absorbers, such as the silica xerogels with BET surface areas above 30 m 2 / g, generally several 100 m 2 / g, or those obtained by flame hydrolytic cleavage Active silica obtained from silicon tetrachloride with BET surface areas of 50 to 450 m 2 / g (Aerosil).
- active silicas there are also active silicates precipitated from water glass and the corresponding metal salts and possibly mineral acids, in particular calcium, magnesium or aluminum with BET surface areas above 30 m 2 / g in the form of their xerogels for the purposes of the invention in combination with the highly absorbent ones Polymers can be used.
- the aqueous system contains the gel particles in such concentrations that sufficient free water is still available on the one hand to achieve an excellent extinguishing effect with minimal water damage and on the other hand it can be used with a very good wetting capacity, such as with pure water, to enable.
- aqueous system according to the invention 50 to 80% by weight, preferably 60 to 70% by weight, of the total water is present in the gel particles.
- the gel particles arise from the highly absorbent copolymers, the structure of which is such that they quickly absorb 100 to 200 times their weight in water, but do not dissolve in water. If an excess of water is added to the gel particles thus gelled, the excess water remains as a pure water phase, which acts as a vehicle for the gel particles and largely retains their viscosity, while the gel particles are to be regarded as individual, discrete macromolecules.
- the swelling bodies based on polyacrylic acid in the form of the sodium or potassium salt
- a wetting agent is possible and can be done in special cases, e.g. clearing cotton bales.
- the discrete gel particles according to the invention have nothing in common with the known thickeners which are proposed for increasing the adhesion of the water and which cause a great increase in viscosity with the associated disadvantages.
- aqueous system according to the invention By setting the aqueous system according to the invention to a pH of 6-8, corrosion phenomena on used extinguishing devices and on objects sprayed for fire protection can be avoided.
- aqueous system according to the invention as extinguishing water does not require any special pumps or pipes because of the low viscosity.
- it is also possible to work with conventional equipment.
- it can be used in type W fire extinguishers and sprinkler systems.
- the entrained gel particles do not prevent the water from penetrating into the fire material, but do not show any tendency to drain away and, due to their own adherence, remain attached to the fire-prone or burning objects and, on the other hand, give rise to excessive heat the water contained in them is freely released as steam, so that the entire extinguishing water is available for cooling and steam formation. This significantly reduces the amount of extinguishing liquid required compared to conventional agents. In addition, there is very effective protection against fire penetration.
- the swelling bodies can be added in the container of a tank fire-fighting vehicle, a "water bomber", or in special mixing containers, with gentle stirring or moderate pumping during littering and for a few minutes after the littering has ended.
- the swollen gel particles do not stick together. You sit down though decreases slightly during long periods of inactivity, but can be pumped around or stirred without problems even after weeks, although this is normally not necessary.
- the usual way of using the invention is to spray or spray the aqueous system with already formed gel particles.
- a variant that may be preferred is to add the swelling bodies in an unswollen state shortly before the jet pipe.
- fire blankets for example in the form of throws to help escape in fire-prone businesses, large buildings such as hotels etc. can be kept ready.
- Such fire blankets contain the swelling bodies in the swollen state and are sealed, for example in a film, to prevent loss of moisture.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86101157T ATE41872T1 (de) | 1985-05-03 | 1986-01-29 | Verwendung eines waessrigen, gequollene makromolekuele enthaltenden systems als loeschwasser. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853515865 DE3515865A1 (de) | 1985-05-03 | 1985-05-03 | Verwendung eines waessrigen, gequollene makromolekuele enthaltenden systems als loeschwasser |
DE3515865 | 1985-05-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0199897A1 true EP0199897A1 (fr) | 1986-11-05 |
EP0199897B1 EP0199897B1 (fr) | 1989-04-05 |
Family
ID=6269692
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86101157A Expired EP0199897B1 (fr) | 1985-05-03 | 1986-01-29 | Application d'un système aqueux contenant des macromolécules gonflées comme eau d'extinction |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0199897B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH088937B2 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE41872T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU595198B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1276442C (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3515865A1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK159673C (fr) |
ES (1) | ES8708189A1 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI98271C (fr) |
GR (1) | GR861138B (fr) |
NO (1) | NO166571C (fr) |
PT (1) | PT82441B (fr) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0295412A2 (fr) * | 1987-05-15 | 1988-12-21 | Hubert von Blücher | Additif pour extincteurs aqueux |
FR2628976A1 (fr) * | 1988-03-25 | 1989-09-29 | Weber Sa A | Procede de traitement de l'eau pour la lutte contre les incendies |
EP0649669A1 (fr) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-04-26 | ÖKO-TEC UMWELTSCHUTZSYSTEME GmbH | Agent extincteur de feu et méthode pour sa préparation |
EP0659449A1 (fr) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-28 | LÖHNERT, Gernot | De l'eau épaissie |
EP0774279A1 (fr) * | 1995-11-14 | 1997-05-21 | Stockhausen, Inc. | Additif pour l'eau et méthode pour la prévention et extinction du feu |
GR1002790B (el) * | 1996-07-22 | 1997-10-17 | Μεθοδος και προιοντα κατασβεσης πυρκαιων. | |
WO1998028041A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-02 | Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik | Agent pour le refroidissement de gaz chauds |
NL1007738C2 (nl) * | 1997-12-08 | 1999-06-09 | Univ Delft Tech | Toepassing van hydrofiele, gelvormende polymeren als brandblusmiddel. |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10041394A1 (de) * | 2000-08-23 | 2002-03-07 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Verwendung von Wasser-in-Wasser-Polymerdispersionen zur Feuerverhütung und -bekämpfung |
DE10041395A1 (de) | 2000-08-23 | 2002-03-07 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Polymerdispersionen zur Feuerverhütung und -bekämpfung mit verbesserter Umweltverträglichkeit |
DE102007036902A1 (de) | 2007-08-06 | 2009-02-12 | BLüCHER GMBH | Löschvorrichtung, Löschsystem und Verfahren zur lokalen Brandbekämpfung |
WO2019068941A1 (fr) * | 2017-10-06 | 2019-04-11 | Soriano Azorin Juan Jose | Système pour extinction d'incendies |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3229769A (en) * | 1963-01-28 | 1966-01-18 | Dow Chemical Co | Method for controlling the spread of fire |
US3354084A (en) * | 1964-06-24 | 1967-11-21 | Dow Chemical Co | Aqueous gel of water-swellable acrylic polymer and non-ionic filler |
US3404089A (en) * | 1964-08-20 | 1968-10-01 | Mobil Oil Corp | Method of extinguishing fire |
US3976580A (en) * | 1975-11-07 | 1976-08-24 | Bernard Kaminstein | Gelled fire extinguisher fluid comprising polyacrylamide and bentonite |
DE3114630A1 (de) * | 1980-04-10 | 1982-04-29 | Schwarzmann, John N. | "stark wasserhaltiges feuerschutzmittel und dessen anwendungsverfahren" |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5649167A (en) * | 1979-09-26 | 1981-05-02 | Miyata Ind | Fireeextinguishing substanse |
JPS59189869A (ja) * | 1983-04-11 | 1984-10-27 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 防災用具 |
EP0212017B1 (fr) * | 1983-06-21 | 1990-01-17 | Cease Fire Corporation | Composition thixotropique contenant un agent de gélification comportant un polymère de groupements carboxyles pour la suppression des feux |
-
1985
- 1985-05-03 DE DE19853515865 patent/DE3515865A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-01-29 AT AT86101157T patent/ATE41872T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-01-29 DE DE8686101157T patent/DE3662641D1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-01-29 EP EP86101157A patent/EP0199897B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1986-04-14 FI FI861553A patent/FI98271C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-04-14 JP JP61085847A patent/JPH088937B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-04-21 CA CA000507177A patent/CA1276442C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-04-22 PT PT82441A patent/PT82441B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-04-29 GR GR861138A patent/GR861138B/el unknown
- 1986-04-30 ES ES554541A patent/ES8708189A1/es not_active Expired
- 1986-05-02 NO NO861750A patent/NO166571C/no unknown
- 1986-05-02 AU AU57066/86A patent/AU595198B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-05-02 DK DK203786A patent/DK159673C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3229769A (en) * | 1963-01-28 | 1966-01-18 | Dow Chemical Co | Method for controlling the spread of fire |
US3354084A (en) * | 1964-06-24 | 1967-11-21 | Dow Chemical Co | Aqueous gel of water-swellable acrylic polymer and non-ionic filler |
US3404089A (en) * | 1964-08-20 | 1968-10-01 | Mobil Oil Corp | Method of extinguishing fire |
US3976580A (en) * | 1975-11-07 | 1976-08-24 | Bernard Kaminstein | Gelled fire extinguisher fluid comprising polyacrylamide and bentonite |
DE3114630A1 (de) * | 1980-04-10 | 1982-04-29 | Schwarzmann, John N. | "stark wasserhaltiges feuerschutzmittel und dessen anwendungsverfahren" |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0295412A2 (fr) * | 1987-05-15 | 1988-12-21 | Hubert von Blücher | Additif pour extincteurs aqueux |
EP0295412A3 (en) * | 1987-05-15 | 1989-05-10 | Hubert Von Blucher | Additive for water fire-extinguishers |
AU602766B2 (en) * | 1987-05-15 | 1990-10-25 | Ernest Dr. De Ruiter | Additive for water for fire fighting |
FR2628976A1 (fr) * | 1988-03-25 | 1989-09-29 | Weber Sa A | Procede de traitement de l'eau pour la lutte contre les incendies |
EP0649669A1 (fr) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-04-26 | ÖKO-TEC UMWELTSCHUTZSYSTEME GmbH | Agent extincteur de feu et méthode pour sa préparation |
EP0659449A1 (fr) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-28 | LÖHNERT, Gernot | De l'eau épaissie |
EP0774279A1 (fr) * | 1995-11-14 | 1997-05-21 | Stockhausen, Inc. | Additif pour l'eau et méthode pour la prévention et extinction du feu |
AU718417B2 (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 2000-04-13 | Stockhausen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Water additive and method for fire prevention and fire extinguishing |
GR1002790B (el) * | 1996-07-22 | 1997-10-17 | Μεθοδος και προιοντα κατασβεσης πυρκαιων. | |
WO1998003228A1 (fr) * | 1996-07-22 | 1998-01-29 | Innoval Management Limited | Procede et produits de lutte contre l'incendie |
US6209655B1 (en) | 1996-07-22 | 2001-04-03 | Innoval Management Limited | Method and products to fight fires |
EA001490B1 (ru) * | 1996-07-22 | 2001-04-23 | Инновэл Менеджмент Лимитед | Способ и вещества для борьбы с пожарами |
WO1998028041A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-02 | Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik | Agent pour le refroidissement de gaz chauds |
NL1007738C2 (nl) * | 1997-12-08 | 1999-06-09 | Univ Delft Tech | Toepassing van hydrofiele, gelvormende polymeren als brandblusmiddel. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU5706686A (en) | 1986-11-06 |
DE3515865A1 (de) | 1986-11-06 |
DE3662641D1 (en) | 1989-05-11 |
JPS6284779A (ja) | 1987-04-18 |
FI98271C (fi) | 1997-05-26 |
AU595198B2 (en) | 1990-03-29 |
NO166571B (no) | 1991-05-06 |
FI98271B (fi) | 1997-02-14 |
CA1276442C (fr) | 1990-11-20 |
PT82441B (pt) | 1988-03-03 |
EP0199897B1 (fr) | 1989-04-05 |
ATE41872T1 (de) | 1989-04-15 |
NO861750L (no) | 1986-11-04 |
DK203786D0 (da) | 1986-05-02 |
PT82441A (en) | 1986-05-01 |
GR861138B (en) | 1986-08-21 |
DK159673B (da) | 1990-11-19 |
DK203786A (da) | 1986-11-04 |
ES554541A0 (es) | 1987-10-01 |
FI861553A (fi) | 1986-11-04 |
ES8708189A1 (es) | 1987-10-01 |
NO166571C (no) | 1991-08-14 |
JPH088937B2 (ja) | 1996-01-31 |
FI861553A0 (fi) | 1986-04-14 |
DK159673C (da) | 1991-04-15 |
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