EP0170996B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour enrober des déchets, en particulier radioactifs, dans un liant - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour enrober des déchets, en particulier radioactifs, dans un liant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0170996B1
EP0170996B1 EP85109392A EP85109392A EP0170996B1 EP 0170996 B1 EP0170996 B1 EP 0170996B1 EP 85109392 A EP85109392 A EP 85109392A EP 85109392 A EP85109392 A EP 85109392A EP 0170996 B1 EP0170996 B1 EP 0170996B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing
binding agent
casing
waste products
fork
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85109392A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0170996A1 (fr
Inventor
Horst Dipl.-Ing. Queiser
Siegfried Dipl.-Ing. Meininger (Fh)
Karl-Heinz Dipl.-Ing. Kleinschroth
Dietmar Bege
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0170996A1 publication Critical patent/EP0170996A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0170996B1 publication Critical patent/EP0170996B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/28—Treating solids
    • G21F9/30—Processing
    • G21F9/301—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/008—Apparatus specially adapted for mixing or disposing radioactively contamined material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S159/00—Concentrating evaporators
    • Y10S159/12—Radioactive

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for incorporating radioactive waste, in particular, into a binder to achieve a homogeneous, leach-resistant and pressure-resistant solid by mixing the waste materials with the binder with the aid of a screw conveyor and a mixer shaft and curing the binder, the waste materials being pretreated, preferably by a Drying, be converted into the form of a free-flowing powder or granules and the mixture is conveyed into a storage container before curing.
  • the method can also be used to treat toxic waste in general.
  • the invention further relates to a device which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method.
  • the object of the invention is to carry out the method of the type mentioned at the outset with the simplest possible means, without being limited to cement as a binder.
  • great versatility is desired both with regard to the waste materials to be incorporated and in particular with regard to the binders.
  • the waste materials are transported gravimetrically and gravimetrically into a mixing zone with the screw conveyor designed as a dry conveyor screw, so that a cleaning action is exerted on a screw housing with the dry conveyor screw that the binder is simultaneously in the lateral direction to the mixing and conveying direction in the Mixing zone promoted and treated there with the mixer shaft designed as a mixing fork and that the mixture is fed in a straight line extension of the mixing zone continuously through a thick matter pump into an outlet to which the storage container is connected.
  • the screw conveyor designed as a dry conveyor screw
  • the binder can advantageously be preheated in order to achieve a desired thin liquid of the binder. This is important for working with thermoplastic binders, for example with bitumen.
  • the warm-up span during the actual mixing process can be correspondingly smaller.
  • two- or multi-component binders for example plastics such as polystyrene with hardeners such as divinylbenzene, one of the components can also be premixed with the waste materials.
  • the new process is advantageously further developed in that the waste materials are conveyed, mixed and discharged in an at least largely vertical direction from top to bottom, which supports the promotional effect by gravity, and in that gases and vapors are released in the opposite direction.
  • a gas supply can ensure that the gases released with possibly adhesive vapors are diluted with purge air and that these gases are prevented from entering the dry zone.
  • a device has proven itself in which a screw mixer with a tubular housing is provided, in which a drying conveyor, a mixing fork and a thick matter pump are arranged in a straight line and connected to a common drive motor.
  • a vent line can be connected to the top of the housing.
  • the housing Like the housing, it can be heated in the area of the continuous mixer and like feed lines.
  • thermal insulation is advantageous, which covers the housing including an input line for the waste.
  • the aforementioned heating device can be designed to be detachable, so that the housing can be made accessible for inspections.
  • a line for a liquid binder runs in the area of the mixing fork. If it is a two-component binder, a feed line for the second component can be provided at the discharge end of the mixing fork. The pumping with the thick matter pump then distributes this component over the waste mixture. In the case of easily distributable components, it may be sufficient to place them in the storage container so that premature curing is reliably avoided.
  • an important characteristic of an advantageous development of the device is that the inside of the housing and / or the drying conveyor spiral and / or the thick matter pump and / or mixing fork are coated with a plastic as a non-stick agent, in particular based on polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • a plastic as a non-stick agent, in particular based on polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the device comprises a tubular housing 1, which has an inner diameter of, for example, 130 mm.
  • the housing encloses the movable parts 2, 3 and 4 arranged on a common largely vertical axis, which are driven by an electric motor 7 via a coupling 5 and a gear 6.
  • a dry conveying zone 10 is defined by the helical screw 2.
  • the conveyor helix 2 resiliently rests against the inner wall of the housing, so that a cleaning frictional effect is exerted during rotation.
  • a vertical downpipe 11 leads into the zone 10 and is connected to an input line 13 via a metering device 12.
  • free-flowing radioactive waste for example as powder, granules or the like, is input vertically from above.
  • An example of this are dried spherical resins from ion exchange filters.
  • the mixing device 3 in the form of a fork is directly connected to the conveyor spiral 2, the length of which determines the mixing zone 16 in the housing 1.
  • the fork 3 can be closed at its lower end by a bracket 17, so that a point of engagement for the coupling of the helix 4 serving as a thick matter pump is created. This is used to determine the discharge zone 18, which may have a somewhat smaller housing diameter.
  • a line 20 which opens laterally and through which liquid resin is introduced as component 1 of a two-component binder.
  • a component is polystyrene.
  • component 2 As shown by arrow 21, 16 divinylbenzene is added in the direction of flow at the end of the mixing zone.
  • This component 2 is sufficiently mixed with the mixture of waste materials and component 1, which is produced in the mixing zone 16, solely by the movement of the thick matter pump 4.
  • the liquid components are simultaneously fed into the mixing zone in a suitable sequence through feed openings arranged one after the other.
  • the hardener may only be added at the entry into the storage container (for example at the filling mouthpiece).
  • the mixture either, as arrow 23 shows, directly into a barrel (not shown) or indirectly via a hose 24, with the aid of which several barrels 25 can optionally be operated in succession without the need to move the barrels.
  • This can also be used as a product switch, with which mixtures of different wastes and / or binders are fed into different storage containers and thus separated.
  • a ventilation line 27 which leads to an exhaust air system 28.
  • the exhaust air system can be the exhaust system of a nuclear power plant, so that a safe further treatment is possible without further effort. You can also connect the line 27 to the building ventilation if it is ensured that the exhaust air contains no impermissible amounts of radioactivity.
  • the ventilation can be supported by a fan, not shown, which maintains a negative pressure in the housing 1.
  • an air supply can also be provided, as shown by the arrow 29.
  • the air supply takes place in the embodiment of FIG. 1 in the area of the downpipe 11, so that it is avoided that dust or waste materials stick and clog the downpipe 11.
  • bitumen is to be processed as a binder. It is fed through line 20.
  • a heating jacket 32 which can optionally be designed to be removable. These are, for example, electrical resistance conductors with heat-resistant insulation, which are wound onto the tubular housing 1 and onto the wall of the line 20.
  • the heating jacket can also consist of a tubular housing which can be heated, for example, by heating steam.
  • the other parts of the housing 1, in particular the dry screw conveyor 10 and the discharge zone 18, are surrounded by thermal insulation 33, which is composed of individual, detachably fastened half-shells.
  • the heat insulation also extends over the downpipe 11, the metering device 12 and the inlet 13.
  • heating elements can be provided, as indicated by the arrows 34.
  • the bitumen introduced into the mixing zone 16, preheated outside the housing 1 can be kept sufficiently liquid until it is mixed with the waste, either, as shown by arrow 23, directly into a barrel (not shown) or through a hose 24 with which If necessary, several barrels 25 can be operated in succession without the need to move the barrels.
  • the barrels can be alternately filled using a product switch.
  • the vent line 27 is also provided with thermal insulation 33. This extends, for example, to an oil filter 35, which is provided in front of the exhaust air system 28, in order to prevent oil vapor from entering the exhaust air system.
  • the device on the inside of the housing 1, the drying conveyor spiral 2 and the mixing fork 3 are advantageously provided with an anti-adhesive layer 36 in the form of a coating with polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the coating can be applied, for example, in the dipping process for the mixing fork 3 and in the spraying process for the housing 1. It has a thickness of 0.3 to 1 mm. With the thickness, an abrasion that may increase in the discharge direction can be taken into account.
  • the housing 1 in the region of the discharge zone 18 of the thick matter pump 4 can consist entirely of a plastic suitable as a non-stick agent. This significantly reduces the wear on the device. In addition, annoying contamination is reduced and cleaning of the device is made easier.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Screw Conveyors (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Procédé pour enrober des déchets, notamment radioactifs, dans un liant, pour obtenir un corps solide homogène, résistant à la lixiviation et résistant à la pression, en mélangeant des déchets au liant à l'aide d'une vis transporteuse et d'un arbre de mélangeur, et en durcissant le liant, les déchets étant mis par un traitement prélable, de préférence par un séchage, sous la forme d'une poudre ruisselante ou d'un granulé, et le mélange étant envoyé, avant le durcissement, à une cuve de stockage, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à transporter les déchets par la vis transporteuse, constituée en hélice de transporteur à sec, et par gravité, dans une zone de mélange, à exercer par l'hélice du transporteur à sec un effet de nettoyage sur un fourreau de vis, à envoyer le liant simultanément, dans une direction latérale par rapport à la direction de mélange et de transport, à la zone de mélange, et à l'y traiter par l'arbre du mélangeur constitué en fourche de mélange, et à envoyer le mélange en continu par une pompe pour matière épaisse par un prolongement rectiligne de la zone de mélange à une sortie à laquelle la cuve de stockage est raccordée.
2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à utiliser et à prémélanger un liant à deux constituants.
3. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à mélanger au moins un constituant aux déchets.
4. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à transporter les déchets au moins essentiellement dans le sens vertical de haut en bas, à les mélanger et à les décharger et à charger des gaz et des vapeurs à contre-courant.
5. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à produire, au moins par endroits, un courant de gaz de lavage de sens opposé au mouvement de transport, de mélange ou de déchargement.
6. Dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un mélangeur à vis ayant un fourreau (1) tubulaire, dans lequel sont disposées en ligne droite une hélice de transporteur à sec (2), une fourche de mélange (3) et une pompe pour matières épaisses (4), qui sont reliées à un moteur d'entraînement (7) commun, en ce qu'un conduit d'évacuation de l'air (27) est raccordé au côté supérieur du fourreau (1) et en ce qu'un conduit (20, 21) pour un liant liquide conduit à la région de la fourche de mélange (3).
7. Dispositif suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'extrémité de la fourche de mélange (3) se trouvant du côté du déchargement, est prévu un conduit d'alimentation (21) pour un second constituant d'un liant à deux constituants.
8. Dispositif suivant la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le fourreau (1), y compris un tube de descente (11) des déchets, est calorifugé et/ou est entouré d'un dispositif de chauffage, de préférence amovible.
9. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la pompe pour matières épaisses (4) est munie d'un dispositif de changement de direction du produit (23, 24) par lequel le mélange est réparti dans diverses cuves de stockage (25).
10. Dispositif, notamment suivant l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le côté intérieur du fourreau (1) et/ou l'hélice (2) du transporteur à sec et/ou la pompe pour matières épaisses (4) et/ou la fourche de mélange (3) sont revêtus d'une matière plastique (36) servant d'agent anti-adhésif, notamment à base de polytétrafluoroéthylène.
11. Dispositif suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le corps de la pompe pour matières épaisses (4) est en une matière plastique qui convient comme agent anti-adhésif.
EP85109392A 1984-08-09 1985-07-26 Procédé et dispositif pour enrober des déchets, en particulier radioactifs, dans un liant Expired EP0170996B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843429387 DE3429387A1 (de) 1984-08-09 1984-08-09 Verfahren und einrichtung zum einbinden von insbesondere radioaktiven abfallstoffen in ein bindemittel
DE3429387 1984-08-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0170996A1 EP0170996A1 (fr) 1986-02-12
EP0170996B1 true EP0170996B1 (fr) 1988-10-12

Family

ID=6242722

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85109392A Expired EP0170996B1 (fr) 1984-08-09 1985-07-26 Procédé et dispositif pour enrober des déchets, en particulier radioactifs, dans un liant

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4847007A (fr)
EP (1) EP0170996B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0640158B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3429387A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US5494351A (en) * 1992-10-14 1996-02-27 Vapo Oy Device and method for mixing peat and sludge
US6139793A (en) 1997-09-05 2000-10-31 Hydroclave Systems Corporation Waste treatment control system
WO2007001300A1 (fr) * 2005-06-28 2007-01-04 Ucb, S.A. Conjugué médicament multiple actif-résine
DE202004020257U1 (de) * 2004-12-28 2006-02-09 Knauf Pft Gmbh & Co.Kg Mischvorrichtung
KR101613635B1 (ko) * 2008-10-31 2016-04-20 삼성전자주식회사 마이크로캡슐, 이를 포함하는 구조체, 이를 포함하는 물품 및 이의 제조 방법
JP2012225682A (ja) * 2011-04-15 2012-11-15 Toshiba Corp 放射性廃棄物の処理方法及び処理装置
RU2626385C1 (ru) * 2016-06-27 2017-07-26 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина" Установка для отверждения жидких радиоактивных отходов

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4847007A (en) 1989-07-11
JPS6147599A (ja) 1986-03-08
JPH0640158B2 (ja) 1994-05-25
DE3565613D1 (en) 1988-11-17
DE3429387A1 (de) 1986-02-20
EP0170996A1 (fr) 1986-02-12

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