EP0162153B1 - Verfahren zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln sowie bei diesem Verfahren zu verwendender Träger - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln sowie bei diesem Verfahren zu verwendender Träger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0162153B1
EP0162153B1 EP84200750A EP84200750A EP0162153B1 EP 0162153 B1 EP0162153 B1 EP 0162153B1 EP 84200750 A EP84200750 A EP 84200750A EP 84200750 A EP84200750 A EP 84200750A EP 0162153 B1 EP0162153 B1 EP 0162153B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
tiles
supports
tile
refractory
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84200750A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0162153A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Pierre Ferragut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sa L'industrielle Regionale Du Batiment
Koninklijke Sphinx NV
Original Assignee
Sa L'industrielle Regionale Du Batiment
Koninklijke Sphinx NV
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Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8192443&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0162153(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Sa L'industrielle Regionale Du Batiment, Koninklijke Sphinx NV filed Critical Sa L'industrielle Regionale Du Batiment
Priority to EP84200750A priority Critical patent/EP0162153B1/de
Priority to DE8484200750T priority patent/DE3463012D1/de
Priority to AT84200750T priority patent/ATE26419T1/de
Publication of EP0162153A1 publication Critical patent/EP0162153A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0162153B1 publication Critical patent/EP0162153B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0021—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge of ceramic ware
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/248—Supports for drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
    • F26B25/18—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly open, e.g. dish, tray, pan, rack
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F27D5/0006—Composite supporting structures
    • F27D5/0018—Separating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
    • F27B9/262—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers on or in trucks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing tiles from clay or the like, the clay or the like being pressed to the desired shape of tile, which tiles immediately after pressing are placed in a lying position each in a support. corresponding refractory, while a number of supports is gathered in a pile and the supports with the supported supported tiles are led through an area for drying and an area connected directly to it for cooking, as well as a support to use with this process.
  • the pressed plastic tiles are placed on supports, which support the tiles at different points, in order to avoid deformation of the tiles.
  • the supports are made of wood, synthetic material, metal or the like.
  • the supports are placed in racks and directed for drying the tiles through a drying oven. After leaving the drying oven, the supports must be removed from the racks again and the tiles removed from the supports.
  • the dried tiles are then placed in U-shaped refractory supports, about 20 tiles are usually stacked facing vertically side by side. These U-shaped refractory supports are then again assembled in stacks and passed through an oven for firing the tiles.
  • DE-C- 325 381 describes a method and a support according to the preamble of claim 1 resp. 2.
  • the support supports the tile over the entire surface thereof, and for this purpose the shape of the body of the support is completely adapted to the shape of the tile. There are no air circulation openings in the body of the support.
  • the object of the invention is to offer a simplified process of the kind described in the introduction, with which these drawbacks are eliminated in a simple but nevertheless efficient manner.
  • each refractory support has an H-shaped cross section, the two main surfaces of the body of each support each forming a support surface for a tile, said support surfaces being provided supporting elements for supporting raised parts of the tiles so that each tile is only supported locally, while in the body of each support is formed a number of air circulation openings, and in that each support is turned over after each drying and cooking cycle.
  • the invention also provides a support for use with the method described, which support is made of a refractory material and has support edges only at two opposite longitudinal sides, which support edges protrude upward, characterized in that that the support edges are also extended downwards so that the cross-section of the transverse support of said longitudinal sides is H-shaped, that the two main surfaces of the support body each form a support surface provided with support elements for the local support of raised parts of a tile, which support elements form a single piece with the support, and that the support body has several air circulation openings, perpendicular to said support surfaces.
  • EP-A-0 059 401 describes a support for ceramic articles, such as tiles, which is only intended to be used during the drying of the articles.
  • This known support is made of metal in the form of a box. On the support surfaces of the support are fixed, by spot welds, separate support elements.
  • clay is brought by a conveyor 1 to a mixing and kneading machine 2, which sends the clay to an extrusion machine 3, which provides a rod of clay 4.
  • the sausage 4 is sliced in the usual way into plates 5, these clay plates 5 being pressed to the desired shape of tile in a press 6.
  • refractory supports 8 indicated diagrammatically in FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 3 to 7 various examples of the production of such refractory supports are shown.
  • Figures 2 to 4 the tiles 7 for which the supports 8 are intended are also shown. It follows that raised parts 9 of the tiles 7 are supported by support elements 10 which are formed on the support surface 11 of the supports 8.
  • Each refractory support 8 has an H-shaped cross section, a single tile being supported lying down by each support 8.
  • a certain number of supports 8 is combined in a stack 13 for drying and the firing of tiles 7.
  • two assembled stacks 13 of supports 8 and of tiles 7 are transported using a trolley 14 through an area 15 for drying the tiles 7 and a zone 16 connecting directly there to the cooking of the tiles.
  • the tiles 7 are therefore dried and baked in a continuous process while being supported lying down by the refractory supports 8, without intermediate manipulations being necessary.
  • the tiles 7 are supported lying down during cooking by the refractory supports 8, raised parts of the tiles being supported by the support elements 10, the contraction occurring during the cooking of the clay-based material will not cause any undesirable deformation of the tiles.
  • it will be possible to construct, with the tiles 7 made, a roof of tiles which is well closed, aesthetically elegant.
  • the percentage of waste will be very low.
  • a relatively high temperature can be implemented during firing, so that the porosity of the tiles will be very low, so that a long service life is ensured.
  • tiles of particularly good quality can be produced at a much lower cost price.
  • FIG. 4-6 there is shown a refractory support 8 respectively in top view, in front elevation and in lateral elevation.
  • a refractory support 8 In the support surface 11 of this support 8 are formed two recesses 17 for receiving tabs projecting from the tiles to be supported.
  • a support element 10 As a support element 10, an oblong relief has been formed.
  • a number of air circulation openings 18 have been formed in the support surface 11, so that the air circulation is further improved with an assembled stack of supports.
  • the branches 19 of the support 8 are provided at the upper and lower end with coupling elements which are constituted by cleats 20 and recesses 21.
  • the cleats 20 are provided with inclined surfaces in the shape of a Z in plane 22, such so that with supports 8 stacked one on the other, a sliding of the supports relative to each other is prevented.
  • the two main surfaces of the body 23 of the support are produced as corresponding support surfaces provided with support elements 10.
  • the supports can by for example, be turned over after each drying and cooking cycle, so that no accumulation of dirt or the like can occur in the supports.
  • the supports are biased alternately on either side, so that no support bending can take place.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln (7) aus Ton od.dgl., bei dem der Ton od.dgl. in die gewünschte Ziegelform gepreßt wird und die Dachziegel unmittelbar nach dem Pressen jeweils umgelegt in einen entsprechenden feuerfesten Träger (8) eingebracht werden, während eine Anzahl von Trägern in einem Stapel (13) gesammelt ist und die Träger mit den umgelegt gehaltenen Dachziegeln in eine Trockenzone (15) und in eine sich daraus unmittelbar anschließende Zone (16) für das Brennen geleitet werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder feuerfeste Träger (8) einen Querschnitt in Form eines H besitzt, die beiden Hauptoberflächen (11) des Körpers jedes Trägers jeweils eine Tragfläche für einen Dachziegel bilden und die besagten Tragflächen mit Auflageelementen (10) zur Unterstützung der aufliegenden Teile (9) der Dachziegeln versehen sind, so daß jeder Dachziegel nur stellenweise unterstützt ist, wobei im Körper jedes Trägers eine Anzahl von Öffnungen (18) zur Luftzirkulation ausgebildet ist und jeder Träger (8) nach jedem Kreislauf des Trocknens und Brennens umkehrt.
2. Träger (8) zur Verwendung beim Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, welcher Träger aus einem feuerfesten Material hergestellt ist und nur an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Längsseiten Tragborde aufweist, die nach oben gerichtete Vorsprünge bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tragborde auch nach unten erweitert sind, derart, daß der quer zu den Längsseiten gerichtete Schnitt des Trägers (8) die Form eines H besitzt, daß die beiden Hauptoberflächen (11) des Körpers des Trägers (8) jeweils eine Tragfläche bilden, die mit Auflageelementen (10) zur lokalen Unterstützung der aufliegenden Teile eines Dachziegels (7) versehen ist, welche Auflageelemente (10) mit dem Träger (8) ein Stück bilden, und daß der Körper des Trägers (8) mehrere zu den besagten Oberflächen (11) des Trägers senkrechte Öffnungen (18) zur Luftzirkulation aufweist.
3. Träger nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schenkel (19) des Trägers (8) an ihren oberen und unteren Rändern mit Kupplungselementen (20, 21) versehen sind, die bei aufeinander gestapelten Trägern ein gegenseitiges Gleiten der Träger verhindern.
EP84200750A 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln sowie bei diesem Verfahren zu verwendender Träger Expired EP0162153B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP84200750A EP0162153B1 (de) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln sowie bei diesem Verfahren zu verwendender Träger
DE8484200750T DE3463012D1 (en) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Method of making roofing tiles, as well as a support for use in this method
AT84200750T ATE26419T1 (de) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Verfahren zum herstellen von dachziegeln sowie bei diesem verfahren zu verwendender traeger.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP84200750A EP0162153B1 (de) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln sowie bei diesem Verfahren zu verwendender Träger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0162153A1 EP0162153A1 (de) 1985-11-27
EP0162153B1 true EP0162153B1 (de) 1987-04-08

Family

ID=8192443

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84200750A Expired EP0162153B1 (de) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln sowie bei diesem Verfahren zu verwendender Träger

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0162153B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE26419T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3463012D1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4012316A1 (de) * 1989-04-20 1990-10-25 Keller Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung von strangdachziegeln unter verwendung von kassetten sowie kassette, insbes. zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3914509A1 (de) * 1989-05-02 1991-01-10 Keller Gmbh & Co Kg Aufnahmevorrichting / kassette zum trocknen von im querschnitt winkel-oder bogenfoermigen keramischen dachziegel-formlingen
DE29802626U1 (de) * 1997-02-18 1998-06-18 Keller GmbH, 49479 Ibbenbüren Anlage zum Brennen von Dachziegeln auf flachliegenden Brennunterlagen sowie solche Brennunterlage

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0307508A1 (de) * 1987-09-22 1989-03-22 Fuchs & Co. Gesellschaft m.b.H. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Pressdachziegeln aus Ton
DE3835594A1 (de) * 1988-10-19 1990-04-26 Haessler Andreas Dipl Ing Fh Fallstrombrennverfahren und vorrichtung zum brennen von dachziegeln
FR2646121A1 (fr) * 1989-04-20 1990-10-26 Keller Gmbh Procede de fabrication de tuiles mecaniques en utilisant des cassettes et cassettes pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
DE4120264A1 (de) * 1991-06-19 1992-12-24 Ceric Keramik Vertriebs Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung von dachziegeln sowie nach diesem verfahren hergestellte dachziegel
DE10051208A1 (de) * 2000-10-16 2002-04-25 Saint Gobain Industriekeramik Aufnahmeplatte zum Brennen von grobkeramischen Rohlingen, insbesondere Dachziegelrohlingen

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE325381C (de) * 1915-11-24 1920-09-13 Frau Hugo Traub Geb Carstens Brennkasten zum Einsetzen und unmittelbaren Brennen von aus der Presse kommenden Ziegelformlingen
US1678443A (en) * 1924-12-29 1928-07-24 Commercial Shearing Pallet
US2601105A (en) * 1949-08-16 1952-06-17 Russell P Dunmire Ceramic product and method of making same
DE902234C (de) * 1950-12-23 1954-01-21 Robert Meldau Dr Ing Trockenrahmen fuer Dachziegel
DE8105583U1 (de) * 1981-02-27 1981-08-20 Robert Thomas Metall- und Elektrowerke, 5908 Neunkirchen Trageinheit fuer keramische formteile

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4012316A1 (de) * 1989-04-20 1990-10-25 Keller Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung von strangdachziegeln unter verwendung von kassetten sowie kassette, insbes. zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3914509A1 (de) * 1989-05-02 1991-01-10 Keller Gmbh & Co Kg Aufnahmevorrichting / kassette zum trocknen von im querschnitt winkel-oder bogenfoermigen keramischen dachziegel-formlingen
DE29802626U1 (de) * 1997-02-18 1998-06-18 Keller GmbH, 49479 Ibbenbüren Anlage zum Brennen von Dachziegeln auf flachliegenden Brennunterlagen sowie solche Brennunterlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE26419T1 (de) 1987-04-15
DE3463012D1 (en) 1987-05-14
EP0162153A1 (de) 1985-11-27

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