EP0162153B1 - Method of making roofing tiles, as well as a support for use in this method - Google Patents

Method of making roofing tiles, as well as a support for use in this method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0162153B1
EP0162153B1 EP84200750A EP84200750A EP0162153B1 EP 0162153 B1 EP0162153 B1 EP 0162153B1 EP 84200750 A EP84200750 A EP 84200750A EP 84200750 A EP84200750 A EP 84200750A EP 0162153 B1 EP0162153 B1 EP 0162153B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
tiles
supports
tile
refractory
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84200750A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0162153A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Pierre Ferragut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sa L'industrielle Regionale Du Batiment
Koninklijke Sphinx NV
Original Assignee
Sa L'industrielle Regionale Du Batiment
Koninklijke Sphinx NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8192443&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0162153(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Sa L'industrielle Regionale Du Batiment, Koninklijke Sphinx NV filed Critical Sa L'industrielle Regionale Du Batiment
Priority to EP84200750A priority Critical patent/EP0162153B1/en
Priority to DE8484200750T priority patent/DE3463012D1/en
Priority to AT84200750T priority patent/ATE26419T1/en
Publication of EP0162153A1 publication Critical patent/EP0162153A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0162153B1 publication Critical patent/EP0162153B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0021—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge of ceramic ware
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/248—Supports for drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
    • F26B25/18—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly open, e.g. dish, tray, pan, rack
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F27D5/0006—Composite supporting structures
    • F27D5/0018—Separating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
    • F27B9/262—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers on or in trucks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing tiles from clay or the like, the clay or the like being pressed to the desired shape of tile, which tiles immediately after pressing are placed in a lying position each in a support. corresponding refractory, while a number of supports is gathered in a pile and the supports with the supported supported tiles are led through an area for drying and an area connected directly to it for cooking, as well as a support to use with this process.
  • the pressed plastic tiles are placed on supports, which support the tiles at different points, in order to avoid deformation of the tiles.
  • the supports are made of wood, synthetic material, metal or the like.
  • the supports are placed in racks and directed for drying the tiles through a drying oven. After leaving the drying oven, the supports must be removed from the racks again and the tiles removed from the supports.
  • the dried tiles are then placed in U-shaped refractory supports, about 20 tiles are usually stacked facing vertically side by side. These U-shaped refractory supports are then again assembled in stacks and passed through an oven for firing the tiles.
  • DE-C- 325 381 describes a method and a support according to the preamble of claim 1 resp. 2.
  • the support supports the tile over the entire surface thereof, and for this purpose the shape of the body of the support is completely adapted to the shape of the tile. There are no air circulation openings in the body of the support.
  • the object of the invention is to offer a simplified process of the kind described in the introduction, with which these drawbacks are eliminated in a simple but nevertheless efficient manner.
  • each refractory support has an H-shaped cross section, the two main surfaces of the body of each support each forming a support surface for a tile, said support surfaces being provided supporting elements for supporting raised parts of the tiles so that each tile is only supported locally, while in the body of each support is formed a number of air circulation openings, and in that each support is turned over after each drying and cooking cycle.
  • the invention also provides a support for use with the method described, which support is made of a refractory material and has support edges only at two opposite longitudinal sides, which support edges protrude upward, characterized in that that the support edges are also extended downwards so that the cross-section of the transverse support of said longitudinal sides is H-shaped, that the two main surfaces of the support body each form a support surface provided with support elements for the local support of raised parts of a tile, which support elements form a single piece with the support, and that the support body has several air circulation openings, perpendicular to said support surfaces.
  • EP-A-0 059 401 describes a support for ceramic articles, such as tiles, which is only intended to be used during the drying of the articles.
  • This known support is made of metal in the form of a box. On the support surfaces of the support are fixed, by spot welds, separate support elements.
  • clay is brought by a conveyor 1 to a mixing and kneading machine 2, which sends the clay to an extrusion machine 3, which provides a rod of clay 4.
  • the sausage 4 is sliced in the usual way into plates 5, these clay plates 5 being pressed to the desired shape of tile in a press 6.
  • refractory supports 8 indicated diagrammatically in FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 3 to 7 various examples of the production of such refractory supports are shown.
  • Figures 2 to 4 the tiles 7 for which the supports 8 are intended are also shown. It follows that raised parts 9 of the tiles 7 are supported by support elements 10 which are formed on the support surface 11 of the supports 8.
  • Each refractory support 8 has an H-shaped cross section, a single tile being supported lying down by each support 8.
  • a certain number of supports 8 is combined in a stack 13 for drying and the firing of tiles 7.
  • two assembled stacks 13 of supports 8 and of tiles 7 are transported using a trolley 14 through an area 15 for drying the tiles 7 and a zone 16 connecting directly there to the cooking of the tiles.
  • the tiles 7 are therefore dried and baked in a continuous process while being supported lying down by the refractory supports 8, without intermediate manipulations being necessary.
  • the tiles 7 are supported lying down during cooking by the refractory supports 8, raised parts of the tiles being supported by the support elements 10, the contraction occurring during the cooking of the clay-based material will not cause any undesirable deformation of the tiles.
  • it will be possible to construct, with the tiles 7 made, a roof of tiles which is well closed, aesthetically elegant.
  • the percentage of waste will be very low.
  • a relatively high temperature can be implemented during firing, so that the porosity of the tiles will be very low, so that a long service life is ensured.
  • tiles of particularly good quality can be produced at a much lower cost price.
  • FIG. 4-6 there is shown a refractory support 8 respectively in top view, in front elevation and in lateral elevation.
  • a refractory support 8 In the support surface 11 of this support 8 are formed two recesses 17 for receiving tabs projecting from the tiles to be supported.
  • a support element 10 As a support element 10, an oblong relief has been formed.
  • a number of air circulation openings 18 have been formed in the support surface 11, so that the air circulation is further improved with an assembled stack of supports.
  • the branches 19 of the support 8 are provided at the upper and lower end with coupling elements which are constituted by cleats 20 and recesses 21.
  • the cleats 20 are provided with inclined surfaces in the shape of a Z in plane 22, such so that with supports 8 stacked one on the other, a sliding of the supports relative to each other is prevented.
  • the two main surfaces of the body 23 of the support are produced as corresponding support surfaces provided with support elements 10.
  • the supports can by for example, be turned over after each drying and cooking cycle, so that no accumulation of dirt or the like can occur in the supports.
  • the supports are biased alternately on either side, so that no support bending can take place.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)

Abstract

1. A method for making roofing tiles (7) from clay or the like, the clay or the like being pressed into the shape of tile required, which tiles are placed immediately after pressing in the flat position each in a respective refractory support (8), while a number of supports are assembled in a pile (13) and the supports with the tiles held flat are guided through a drying zone (15) and a baking zone (16) which is directly joined thereto, characterised in that each refractory support (8) is of H-shaped transverse section, the two main surfaces (11) of the body of each support forming in each case a support surface for one tile the said support surfaces having support elements (10) for supporting the raised portions (9) of the tiles in such a way that each tile (7) is only held locally, whereas in the body of each support a number of openings (18) are formed for air circulation, and that each support (8) is turned over after each drying and baking cycle.

Description

L'invention est relative à un procédé pour la fabrication de tuiles à partir d'argile ou analogue, l'argile ou analogue étant pressée à la forme de tuile désirée, lesquelles tuiles immédiatement après le pressage sont placées en position couchée chacune dans un support réfractaire corréspondant, tandis qu'un nombre de supports est rassemblé en une pile et les support avec les tuiles soutenues couchées sont dirigés à travers une zone pour le séchage et une zone s'y raccordant directement pour la cuisson, ainsi qu'un support à utiliser avec ce procédé.The invention relates to a method for manufacturing tiles from clay or the like, the clay or the like being pressed to the desired shape of tile, which tiles immediately after pressing are placed in a lying position each in a support. corresponding refractory, while a number of supports is gathered in a pile and the supports with the supported supported tiles are led through an area for drying and an area connected directly to it for cooking, as well as a support to use with this process.

Suivant un procédé connu de ce genre, les tuiles pressées encore plastiques sont posées sur des supports, qui soutiennent les tuiles en différents points, afin d'éviter une déformation des tuiles. Les supports sont faits de bois, matière synthétique, métal ou analogue. Ensuite, les supports sont placés dans des râteliers et dirigés pour le séchage des tuiles à travers un four de séchage. Après avoir quitté le four de séchage, les supports doivent être à nouveau enlevés des râteliers et les tuiles être retirées des supports. Les tuiles séchées sont ensuite placées dans des supports réfractaires en forme de U, 20 tuiles environ étant habituellement empilées dirigées verticalement côte à côte. Ces supports réfractaires en forme de U sont ensuite à nouveau réunis en piles et passés à travers un four pour la cuisson des tuiles.According to a known process of this kind, the pressed plastic tiles are placed on supports, which support the tiles at different points, in order to avoid deformation of the tiles. The supports are made of wood, synthetic material, metal or the like. Then the supports are placed in racks and directed for drying the tiles through a drying oven. After leaving the drying oven, the supports must be removed from the racks again and the tiles removed from the supports. The dried tiles are then placed in U-shaped refractory supports, about 20 tiles are usually stacked facing vertically side by side. These U-shaped refractory supports are then again assembled in stacks and passed through an oven for firing the tiles.

Lors de la cuisson des tuiles, pour obtenir une bonne qualité des tuiles, une température élevée doit être appliquée, afin de rendre la porosité de la tuile suffisamment faible et la solidité suffisamment grande. Etant donné que les tuiles sont disposées en position verticale dans les supports réfractaires, il se produit alors cependant une déformation des tuiles, de tell sorte qu'avec les tuiles obtenues, on ne peut pas construire un toit de tuiles bien fermé esthétiquement élégant. En outre, un relativement grand nombre de tuiles sera déformé dans une mesure telle que ces tuiles ne seront en général plus utilisables, de telle sorte que le pourcentage de rebut avec le procédé connu est relativement élevé. Il est bien possible d'adopter une température inférieure pendant la cuisson, afin de limiter la déformation des tuiles, mais dans ce cas la porosité de la tuile est trop élevée, de telle sorte que celle-ci n'est pas résistante au gel et aura une faible durée de vie.When firing the tiles, to obtain a good quality of the tiles, a high temperature must be applied, in order to make the porosity of the tile sufficiently low and the strength sufficiently high. Since the tiles are arranged in a vertical position in the refractory supports, however, there is a deformation of the tiles, so that with the tiles obtained, it is not possible to build an aesthetically elegant well-closed tile roof. In addition, a relatively large number of tiles will be deformed to an extent that these tiles will generally no longer be usable, so that the percentage of scrap with the known method is relatively high. It is quite possible to adopt a lower temperature during firing, in order to limit the deformation of the tiles, but in this case the porosity of the tile is too high, so that it is not resistant to frost and will have a short lifespan.

DE-C- 325 381 décrit un procédé et un support selon le préambule de la revendication 1 resp. 2.DE-C- 325 381 describes a method and a support according to the preamble of claim 1 resp. 2.

Dans ce procédé connu le support soutient la tuile sur toute la surface de celle-ci, et à cet effect la forme du corps du support est totalement adaptée à la forme de la tuile. Il n'y a pas d'ouvertures de circulation d'air dans le corps du support.In this known method, the support supports the tile over the entire surface thereof, and for this purpose the shape of the body of the support is completely adapted to the shape of the tile. There are no air circulation openings in the body of the support.

L'invention a pour but d'offrir un procédé simplifié du genre dépeint dans l'introduction, avec lequel ces inconvénients sont éliminés d'une manière simple mais cependant efficiente.The object of the invention is to offer a simplified process of the kind described in the introduction, with which these drawbacks are eliminated in a simple but nevertheless efficient manner.

Dans ce but, le procédé suivant l'invention a pour caractéristique que chague support réfractaire possède une section transversale en forme de H, les deux surfaces principales du corps de chaque support formant chacune une surface de support pour une tuile lesdites surfaces de support étant dotées d'éléments d'appui pour le soutien de parties surélevées des tuiles de manière que chaque tuile ne soit soutenue que localement, tandis que dans le corps de chaque support est formé un nombre d'ouvertures de circulation d'air, et en ce que chaque support est retourné après chaque cycle de séchage et de cuisson.For this purpose, the method according to the invention has the characteristic that each refractory support has an H-shaped cross section, the two main surfaces of the body of each support each forming a support surface for a tile, said support surfaces being provided supporting elements for supporting raised parts of the tiles so that each tile is only supported locally, while in the body of each support is formed a number of air circulation openings, and in that each support is turned over after each drying and cooking cycle.

On obtient de la sorte que les manipulations qui doivent être exécutées avec le procédé connu entre le séchage et la cuisson des tuiles, ne sont plus nécessaires, tandis qu'à cause de la cuisson à l'état couché des tuiles, les parties surélevées des tuiles étant alors soutenues par les éléments d'appui des supports, la déformation se produisant pendant la cuisson est opposée par les éléments d'appui, de telle sorte que les tuiles après la cuisson présenteront la forme désirée. Le pourcentage de déchet est ainsi limité à un minimum par le procédé suivant l'invention, tandis qu'avec les tuiles on peut construire un toit bien fermé esthétiquement élégant. A cause du très faible pourcentage de déchets avec le procédé suivant l'invention et de l'absence de manipulations entre le séchage et la cuisson des tuiles, de telle sorte que les frais habituels dans ce but sont éliminés, les tuiles être fabriquées en appliquant le procédé suivant l'invention à un prix de revient inférieur attrayant.In this way it is obtained that the manipulations which must be carried out with the known process between drying and firing the tiles, are no longer necessary, while due to the firing in the coated state of the tiles, the raised parts of the tiles are then supported by the support elements of the supports, the deformation occurring during cooking is opposed by the support elements, so that the tiles after cooking will have the desired shape. The percentage of waste is thus limited to a minimum by the process according to the invention, while with the tiles it is possible to build a well closed roof that is aesthetically elegant. Because of the very small percentage of waste with the process according to the invention and the absence of manipulations between drying and firing the tiles, so that the usual costs for this purpose are eliminated, the tiles can be produced by applying the process according to the invention at an attractive lower cost price.

L'invention offre également un support à utiliser avec le procédé décrit, lequel support est constitué par un matériau réfractaire et ne comporte des bords de supportage qu'à deux côtés longitudinaux opposés, lesquels bords de supportage font saillie vers le haut, caracterisé en ce que les bords de supportage sont aussi prolongés vers le bas de sorte que la section du support transversale desdits côtés longitudinaux est en forme de H, que les deux surfaces principales du corps du support forment chacune une surface de support dotée d'éléments d'appui pour le soutien local de parties surélévées d'une tuile, lesquels éléments d'appui forment une seule pièce avec le support, et que le corps du support comporte plusieurs ouvertures de circulation d'air, perpendiculaires auxdits surfaces de support.The invention also provides a support for use with the method described, which support is made of a refractory material and has support edges only at two opposite longitudinal sides, which support edges protrude upward, characterized in that that the support edges are also extended downwards so that the cross-section of the transverse support of said longitudinal sides is H-shaped, that the two main surfaces of the support body each form a support surface provided with support elements for the local support of raised parts of a tile, which support elements form a single piece with the support, and that the support body has several air circulation openings, perpendicular to said support surfaces.

EP-A-0 059 401 décrit un support pour articles céramiques, tels que des tuiles, qui est uniquement destiné à être utilisé pendant le séchage des articles. Ce support connu est fabriqué de métal en forme de boîte. Sur les surfaces de supportage du support sont fixés, par soudures par point, de distincts éléments d'appui.EP-A-0 059 401 describes a support for ceramic articles, such as tiles, which is only intended to be used during the drying of the articles. This known support is made of metal in the form of a box. On the support surfaces of the support are fixed, by spot welds, separate support elements.

L'invention sera expliquée plus en détail ci-après en se référant au dessin, dans lequel est réprésenté un exemple de réalisation.

  • La figure 1 représente schematiquement une forme de réalisation du procédé suivant l'invention.
  • Les figures 2 et 3 représentent des vues en perspective de différentes formes de réalisation du support suivant l'invention.
  • La figure 4 est une vue de dessus d'une troisième forme de réalisation du support suivant l'invention.
  • La figure 5 est une vue en élévation frontale du support de la figure 4.
  • La figure 6 est une vue en élévation latérale du support de la figure 4.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which an exemplary embodiment is shown.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show perspective views of different embodiments of the support according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a top view of a third embodiment of the support according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a front elevation view of the support of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevation view of the support of FIG. 4.

Comme illustré à la figure 1, de l'argile est amenée par un transporteur 1 à une machine de mélange et de pétrissage 2, qui envoit l'argile à une machine d'extrusion 3, qui fournit un boudin d'argile 4. Le boudin 4 est tranché de la manière habituelle en plaques 5, ces plaques d'argile 5 étant pressées à la forme de tuile désirée dans une presse 6.As illustrated in FIG. 1, clay is brought by a conveyor 1 to a mixing and kneading machine 2, which sends the clay to an extrusion machine 3, which provides a rod of clay 4. The sausage 4 is sliced in the usual way into plates 5, these clay plates 5 being pressed to the desired shape of tile in a press 6.

Les tuiles pressées 7 encore plastiques sont placées immédiatement après le pressage en position couchée dans des supports réfractaires 8 indiqués schématiquement à la figure 1. Aux figures 3 à 7 sont représentés différents exempies de réalisation de tels supports réfractaires 8. Dans les exemples de réalisation suivant les figures 2 à 4, les tuiles 7 auxquels les supports 8 sont destinés sont également représentées. Il en ressort que des parties surélevées 9 des tuiles 7 sont soutenues par des éléments d'appui 10 qui sont formés sur la surface de support 11 des supports 8.Pressed tiles 7, which are still plastic, are placed immediately after pressing in the supine position in refractory supports 8 indicated diagrammatically in FIG. 1. In FIGS. 3 to 7, various examples of the production of such refractory supports are shown. Figures 2 to 4, the tiles 7 for which the supports 8 are intended are also shown. It follows that raised parts 9 of the tiles 7 are supported by support elements 10 which are formed on the support surface 11 of the supports 8.

Chaque support réfractaire 8 possède une section transversale en forme de H, une seule tuile étant soutenue couchée par chaque support 8. Comme indiqué schématiquement en 12 à la figure 1, un certain nombre de supports 8 est réuni en une pile 13 pour le séchage et la cuisson de tuiles 7. Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré à la figure 1, deux piles assemblées 13 de supports 8 et de tuiles 7 sont transportées à l'aide d'un chariot 14 à travers une zone 15 pour le séchage des tuiles 7 et une zone 16 s'y raccordant directement pour la cuisson des tuiles. Les tuiles 7 sont par conséquent séchées et cuites en un processus continu en étant soutenues couchées par les supports réfractaires 8, sans que des manipulations intermédiaires soient nécessaires.Each refractory support 8 has an H-shaped cross section, a single tile being supported lying down by each support 8. As indicated diagrammatically at 12 in FIG. 1, a certain number of supports 8 is combined in a stack 13 for drying and the firing of tiles 7. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, two assembled stacks 13 of supports 8 and of tiles 7 are transported using a trolley 14 through an area 15 for drying the tiles 7 and a zone 16 connecting directly there to the cooking of the tiles. The tiles 7 are therefore dried and baked in a continuous process while being supported lying down by the refractory supports 8, without intermediate manipulations being necessary.

Etant donné qu'avec le procédé suivant l'invention, les tuiles 7 sont soutenues couchées pendant la cuisson par les supports réfractaires 8, des parties surélevées des tuiles étant soutenues par les éléments d'appui 10, la contraction se produisant pendant la cuisson du matériau à base d'argile n'entraînera aucune déformation indésirable des tuiles. De la sorte, on pourra construire avec les tuiles 7 fabriquées un toit de tuiles fermant bien, esthétiquement élégant. Le pourcentage de déchets sera très faible. En outre, une température relativement élevée peut être mise en oeuvre pendant la cuisson, de telle sorte que la porosité des tuiles sera très faible, de telle manière qu'une longue durée de vie est assurée. En adoptant le procédé suivant l'invention, des tuiles d'une particulièrement bonne qualite peuvent être fabriquées à un prix de revient nettement inférieur.Since with the process according to the invention, the tiles 7 are supported lying down during cooking by the refractory supports 8, raised parts of the tiles being supported by the support elements 10, the contraction occurring during the cooking of the clay-based material will not cause any undesirable deformation of the tiles. In this way, it will be possible to construct, with the tiles 7 made, a roof of tiles which is well closed, aesthetically elegant. The percentage of waste will be very low. In addition, a relatively high temperature can be implemented during firing, so that the porosity of the tiles will be very low, so that a long service life is ensured. By adopting the process according to the invention, tiles of particularly good quality can be produced at a much lower cost price.

Etant donné que les tuiles 7 sont chacune soutenues dans un support associé 8 à section transversale en forme de H, une bonne circulation d'air est possible, de telle sorte que le temps pendant lequel les tuiles doivent être cuites est relativement bref.Since the tiles 7 are each supported in an associated support 8 with an H-shaped cross section, good air circulation is possible, so that the time during which the tiles are to be fired is relatively short.

Aux figures 4-6, on a représenté un support réfractaire 8 respectivement en vue de dessus, en élevation frontale et en élévation latérale. Dans la surface de support 11 de ce support 8 sont pratiqués deux évidements 17 pour la réception de taquets en saillie des tuiles à supporter. Comme élément d'appui 10, on a formé un relief oblong. On a en outre formé dans la surface de support 11 un certain nombre d'ouvertures de circulation d'air 18, de telle sorte que la circulation de l'air est encore améliorée avec une pile assemblée de supports. Les branches 19 du support 8 sont dotées à l'extrémité supérieure et inférieure d'éléments de couplage qui sont constitués par des taquets 20 et des évidements 21. Les taquets 20 sont dotés de surfaces inclinées en forme de Z en plan 22, de telle sorte qu'avec des supports 8 empilés l'un sur l'autre, un glissement des supports l'un par rapport à l'autre est empêché.In Figures 4-6, there is shown a refractory support 8 respectively in top view, in front elevation and in lateral elevation. In the support surface 11 of this support 8 are formed two recesses 17 for receiving tabs projecting from the tiles to be supported. As a support element 10, an oblong relief has been formed. In addition, a number of air circulation openings 18 have been formed in the support surface 11, so that the air circulation is further improved with an assembled stack of supports. The branches 19 of the support 8 are provided at the upper and lower end with coupling elements which are constituted by cleats 20 and recesses 21. The cleats 20 are provided with inclined surfaces in the shape of a Z in plane 22, such so that with supports 8 stacked one on the other, a sliding of the supports relative to each other is prevented.

Ainsi qu'il ressort des figures 2-6, les deux surfaces principales du corps 23 du support sont réalisées en tant que surfaces de support correspondantes dotées d'éléments d'appui 10. Grâce à cette réalisation symétrique des supports, les supports peuvent par exemple être retournés après chaque cycle de séchage et de cuisson, de telle sorte qu'aucune accumulation de saleté ou analogue ne puisse se produire dans les supports. En outre, on obtient de la sorte que les supports soient sollicités alternativement de part et d'autre, de telle sorte qu'aucune flexion de support ne puisse avoir lieu.As can be seen from FIGS. 2-6, the two main surfaces of the body 23 of the support are produced as corresponding support surfaces provided with support elements 10. With this symmetrical embodiment of the supports, the supports can by for example, be turned over after each drying and cooking cycle, so that no accumulation of dirt or the like can occur in the supports. In addition, it is obtained so that the supports are biased alternately on either side, so that no support bending can take place.

Claims (3)

1. A method for making roofing tiles (7) from clay or the like, the clay or the like being pressed into the shape of tile required, which tiles are placed immediately after pressing in the flat position each in a respective refractory support (8), while a number of supports are assembled in a pile (13) and the supports with the tiles held flat are guided through a drying zone (15) and a baking zone (16) which is directly joined thereto, characterised in that each refractory support (8) is of H-shaped transverse section, the two main surfaces (11) of the body of each support forming in each case a support surface for one tile the said support surfaces having support elements (10) for supporting the raised portions (9) of the tiles in such a way that each tile (7) is only held locally, whereas in the body of each support a number of openings (18) are formed for air circulation, and that each support (8) is turned over after each drying and baking cycle.
2. A support (8) for use with the process according to claim 1, and comprised of a refractory material with support edges on only two opposite longitudinal sides. which support edges project upwards, characterised in that the support edges are also extended downwards so that the transverse support section (8) of the said londitudinal sides is of H-shape, that the two main surfaces (11) of the support body (8) each form a support surface provided with support elements (10).for supporting locally the raised portions of a tile (7), which support elements (10) form a single piece with the support (8), and that the support body (8) comprises a plurality of openings (18) for air circulation, which are perpendicular to the said support surfaces (11).
3. A support according to claim 2, characterised in that the branches (19) of the support (18) are provided at their upper and lower ends with connecting elements (20, 21) which, when the supports are stacked one on top of another, prevent the supports from sliding relative to one another.
EP84200750A 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Method of making roofing tiles, as well as a support for use in this method Expired EP0162153B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP84200750A EP0162153B1 (en) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Method of making roofing tiles, as well as a support for use in this method
DE8484200750T DE3463012D1 (en) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Method of making roofing tiles, as well as a support for use in this method
AT84200750T ATE26419T1 (en) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 PROCESS FOR MAKING ROOF TILES AND SUPPORT TO BE USED IN THIS PROCESS.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP84200750A EP0162153B1 (en) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Method of making roofing tiles, as well as a support for use in this method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0162153A1 EP0162153A1 (en) 1985-11-27
EP0162153B1 true EP0162153B1 (en) 1987-04-08

Family

ID=8192443

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84200750A Expired EP0162153B1 (en) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Method of making roofing tiles, as well as a support for use in this method

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0162153B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE26419T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3463012D1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4012316A1 (en) * 1989-04-20 1990-10-25 Keller Gmbh Roof tile moulding handling process - for transferring mouldings from conveyor onto cassettes
DE3914509A1 (en) * 1989-05-02 1991-01-10 Keller Gmbh & Co Kg RECORDING DEVICE / CASSETTE FOR DRYING CERAMIC ROOF TILE TILES IN CROSS-SECTIONED OR ARC-SHAPED
DE29802626U1 (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-06-18 Keller GmbH, 49479 Ibbenbüren Plant for firing roof tiles on flat firing pads and such firing pad

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0307508A1 (en) * 1987-09-22 1989-03-22 Fuchs & Co. Gesellschaft m.b.H. Process and apparatus for making pressed clay roof tiles
DE3835594A1 (en) * 1988-10-19 1990-04-26 Haessler Andreas Dipl Ing Fh Downdraught firing method and device for firing roof tiles
FR2646121A1 (en) * 1989-04-20 1990-10-26 Keller Gmbh METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING MECHANICAL TILES USING CASSETTES AND CASSETTES FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD
DE4120264A1 (en) * 1991-06-19 1992-12-24 Ceric Keramik Vertriebs Gmbh METHOD FOR PRODUCING ROOF TILES AND ROOF TILES PRODUCED BY THIS METHOD
DE10051208A1 (en) * 2000-10-16 2002-04-25 Saint Gobain Industriekeramik Bearing plate used in tunnel furnaces for firing roofing tile blanks has two conveying strips formed as rails on its lower side arranged at a parallel distance from each other and protruding downward

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE325381C (en) * 1915-11-24 1920-09-13 Frau Hugo Traub Geb Carstens Burning box for inserting and immediate firing of bricks coming from the press
US1678443A (en) * 1924-12-29 1928-07-24 Commercial Shearing Pallet
US2601105A (en) * 1949-08-16 1952-06-17 Russell P Dunmire Ceramic product and method of making same
DE902234C (en) * 1950-12-23 1954-01-21 Robert Meldau Dr Ing Drying frame for roof tiles
DE8105583U1 (en) * 1981-02-27 1981-08-20 Robert Thomas Metall- und Elektrowerke, 5908 Neunkirchen SUPPORT UNIT FOR CERAMIC MOLDED PARTS

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4012316A1 (en) * 1989-04-20 1990-10-25 Keller Gmbh Roof tile moulding handling process - for transferring mouldings from conveyor onto cassettes
DE3914509A1 (en) * 1989-05-02 1991-01-10 Keller Gmbh & Co Kg RECORDING DEVICE / CASSETTE FOR DRYING CERAMIC ROOF TILE TILES IN CROSS-SECTIONED OR ARC-SHAPED
DE29802626U1 (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-06-18 Keller GmbH, 49479 Ibbenbüren Plant for firing roof tiles on flat firing pads and such firing pad

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE26419T1 (en) 1987-04-15
DE3463012D1 (en) 1987-05-14
EP0162153A1 (en) 1985-11-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0162153B1 (en) Method of making roofing tiles, as well as a support for use in this method
FR2639055A1 (en) CLIP FOR THE ASSEMBLY OF REINFORCING BARS, ARMATURE SO ASSEMBLED, PROCESS AND PRODUCT IN REINFORCED CONCRETE COMPRISING APPLICATION
CA1260668A (en) Dance floor
EP0841441B1 (en) Roofing material
WO2015044588A1 (en) Support plate device for baking bread, viennoiserie and pastry products
FR2510061A1 (en) Side wall for transport hopper - has interlocking hollow rectangular profiles forming smooth inner wall
FR2505910A1 (en) Overlapping tiles forming roof surface - have interlocking joints preventing sliding during windy weather
FR2593538A1 (en) Improved lining
FR2609530A1 (en) FIREPLACE GRID WITH CROSS BARS IN SOLIDARIZED ELEMENTS BY THEIR FRONT FACES
FR2595661A1 (en) Goods-handling pallet
FR2755640A1 (en) INVERTER MACHINE
FR2556559A1 (en) Reversible plate for the manufacture of cheeses
EP0688921B1 (en) Module for the making of pavements
FR2587268A1 (en) Method and apparatus for manufacturing casks and barrels
FR2496542A1 (en) Ceramic article drying frame - has sheet-metal rest surfaces with edge strips bent upwards
FR2550814A1 (en) Bearing member for roofing sheets for a roof.
FR2654134A3 (en) Prefabricated self-supporting cover slab made of prestressed concrete
FR2762253A1 (en) SHEATHED STEEL WIRE OF ELASTOMERIC MATERIAL FOR SCREENING CANVAS AND SCREENING CANVAS INCLUDING SUCH A WIRE
FR2644820A1 (en) Device for the production of concrete screeds or slabs
FR2776961A1 (en) Mosaic pattern or design manufacturing procedure
EP0899530B1 (en) A support for supporting ceramic products
FR2783242A1 (en) Spacing wedge for supporting tiles has cross shaped frame with lugs on branches to space tiles apart
FR2525191A1 (en) TRANSPORTING BAND OF MATERIAL IN AN OVEN
FR2458778A1 (en) Jigs for stacking ceramic prods. during baking - where each jig is made of ceramic and consists of base frame with detachable end flanges
EP0116528A2 (en) Pallet with platform

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19850725

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19851129

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 26419

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19870415

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3463012

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19870514

PLBI Opposition filed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

26 Opposition filed

Opponent name: FUCHS & CO.GMBH

Effective date: 19880108

Opponent name: BURTON-WERKE K.-F. HENSIEK GMBH + CO. KG

Effective date: 19880102

NLR1 Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo

Opponent name: FUCHS & CO. GMB

Opponent name: CO. KG

Opponent name: BURTON-WERKE K.-F. HENSIEK GMBH

PLBN Opposition rejected

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009273

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: OPPOSITION REJECTED

27O Opposition rejected

Effective date: 19901221

NLR2 Nl: decision of opposition
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19920423

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19920424

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19920429

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19920430

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19920518

Year of fee payment: 9

ITTA It: last paid annual fee
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19920531

Year of fee payment: 9

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19920531

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19920703

Year of fee payment: 9

EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19930523

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19930523

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19930523

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19930524

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19930531

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19930531

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19930531

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: S.A. L' INDUSTRIELLE REGIONALE DU BATIMENT

Effective date: 19930531

Owner name: N.V. KONINKLIJKE SPHINX

Effective date: 19930531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19931201

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19940107

Year of fee payment: 10

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19930523

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19940131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19940201

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 84200750.2

Effective date: 19931210

APAH Appeal reference modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSCREFNO