FR2646121A1 - METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING MECHANICAL TILES USING CASSETTES AND CASSETTES FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of manufacturing mechanical tiles. According to the invention, the raw bricks 1 of mechanical tiles are transported by a conveyor belt 3 which crosses at an acute angle a conveyor belt 4 of cassettes 2 onto which the raw bricks 1 are transferred automatically without the use of pickers. Application to the manufacture of mechanical tiles.

Description

Method of manufacturing mechanical tiles using cases

  cassettes and cassettes For the implementation of this process.

  The invention relates to a method for manufacturing mechanical tiles

  in which the raw bricks of mechanical tiles are deposited on what are called cassettes and are transported on them through a dryer and a furnace of

  roasting, as well as cassettes for the implementation of the

  yielded. The above method is known both by practice and by

  for example, EP-A-0162153. Although this process offers fundamental-

  advantages and that so-called cassettes H are advantageous in many cases, it however still has the disadvantage that green bricks called "green" (that is to say, still wet, not dried) are deposited immediately after

  pressing, by means of a suction taker, on the cassettes.

  An additional grab station is required for the depot, which grabs the raw brick of mechanical tile on its face that will be visible. Because the vacuum gripper grasps the freshly compressed green brick and has to hold it during the entire loading operation, relatively high suction forces are

  necessary, and this may lead to a superficial deformation

  a footprint of the suction taker, on the

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  later visible face of the tile. In addition to

  the aesthetic damage of the mechanical tiles, another

  This is an additional device that increases the cost for the production line. A particular disadvantage lies in the fact that the manufacture of glazed mechanical bricks

or shortbread is not possible.

  The invention therefore aims to create a simple process

  for the manufacture of mechanical tiles with which it does not

  duped by annoying markings on the visible side. The invention aims

  also a cassette that allows the process and allows a charge-

  cassettes without means takers, if necessary also automatic unloading / mechanical cassettes, with simple means. This object is achieved, according to the invention, by a method of manufacturing mechanical tiles in which the green raw bricks of mechanical tiles separated from the homogenized clay train are spread and deposited on cassettes or frames and guided

  on these cassettes through a dryer and a roasting oven,

characterized in that

  (a) The raw bricks of mechanical tiles, after having been

  are carried directly on a conveyor moving away from the separation station and loading raw bricks, b) The raw brick carrier supports each green brick by at least 2, preferably 3, conveyor belts extending parallel to each other. , c) The raw brick conveyor transports the green bricks on a flat inclined path, at an acute angle of less than 30, relative to the path of travel.

  cassettes transported continuously, and by crossing the said

  jectory of moving cassettes,

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  d) The cassettes are equipped with conveyor passages in their supporting wall receiving / supporting the raw bricks and

  extending away from the cassette training plane, which allows

  press conveyor belts carrying hollow bricks as well as translating cassettes below conveyor belts, e) Raw bricks and cassettes are transported in the same main direction and in synchronism with speed, and f) Displacement 1. raw brick shear 2. raw brick carrier and 3. cassette conveyor is controlled in synchronism with the movement of the homogenized clay gear.

  The cassette according to the invention for the implementation of this

  Cedes, intended to receive raw bricks of mechanical tiles, is characterized in that it comprises a bearing wall for the support of at least one raw brick, preferably two green bricks to be arranged one behind the other, said carrier wall being spaced apart from the dressing plane, and that at least two

  conveyor passages are provided in said wall

  extending in the laying direction and parallel to each other, to allow the conveyor belt to be driven into the cassette as well as a translation of the cassettes below the

  reversal of the conveyor belt facing the cassettes.

  Other advantageous features of the invention will emerge

of the following description.

  With the method according to the invention, the raw bricks of tiles

  caniques are deposited directly, still undried, that is,

  to say in a certain deformable sense, on the means of transport ensuring transportation out of the cutting station, without takers means, that is to say without additional gripping device. As a result, the surface forming the subsequently visible face of the

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  tile is not affected. Because of the direct loading of the

  transfer of raw bricks, (a) the unwanted gripper fingerprint is avoided on the finished product; (b) an undamaged coating or coating is permitted on the visible and flawless side of the tiles,

  c) a rational and economical way of working is achieved.

  Because the raw brick carrier, which captures the

  bricks already in the area of the separation station, as-

  sure also the loading on the cassettes, one also gets

  a particularly simple and compact construction of the

  tif, with a short length of construction between the press of

  forming and loading station on the cassettes. The charge-

  rationally on the cassettes, as well as in reverse

  loading cassettes, are possible by the cassette whose construction is in itself extremely simple, and which allows a

  part of the conveyor belt in the form of cas-

  sette and on the other hand the translation of the cassettes with respect to the carrier carrying the raw bricks and ensuring itself

  the loading operation or, in the case of a loading station,

  the unloading operation.

  Through openings, allowing the penetration of the conveyor belt

  from the top, in the load-bearing wall that carries the brick

  for drying and grilling, there are also large openings

  of air that allow a good supply of air to the raw brick deposited, which ultimately also positively influences

the drying process.

  An exemplary embodiment of the invention, with two variants of cassette transport, is shown schematically in the drawing and will be described below in more detail. In these drawings: - Figure 1 is a side elevational view of the loading station in which green raw bricks, not yet dried, mechanical tiles are mechanically deposited for the drying process and roasting, in the working position of cassette loading (unloading cassettes occurs by reverse rotation of the conveyor); Figure 2 is a

  side elevation of the corresponding loading station.

  essentially in Figure 1, since the cassettes are not

  puyées directly on the conveyor but on pallets

  carried by the carrier and determine spacing; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cassette according to the invention, the raw brick of mechanical tile being

  represented in dashed line, as well as the indi-

  preferably with three conveyor belts along line IIIIII of Figure 4; FIG. 4 is a plan view of a partial zone of a cassette according to the invention, a raw brick of deposited mechanical tile being indicated in dashed line, and

  FIG. 5 is a front elevational view of two cassette cassettes.

  lined up with the raw bricks of mechanical tiles

represented in dashed line.

  In the method of manufacture, according to the invention, of mechanical tiles, whose raw brick bears the reference 1, is used as supports for the process of drying and roasting of the cassettes 2 refractory material, which allow a loading and a unattended unloading, so that undesired buyer's fingerprints on the finished product are excluded on the

  face of the tile and that, in the installation of fabrica-

  tion, taker schemes equipped with

  aspiration, which were usual until now.

  According to the invention, each green brick 1 separated from the homogenized and spread clay stream is fed directly onto a

  carrier 3 of hollow bricks that supports it, which conveys it

  door to a loading station, which may be in particular

  at a relatively low distance from the separating station, this raw brick 1 is automatically and mechanically arranged, namely by the carrier 3 which carries it, on a

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  cassette 2 moved and brought to it by a conveyor 4 of cassettes. The conveyor 3 of hollow bricks consists of at least two, preferably three, conveyor belts 3a, 3b, 3c

  extending parallel and apart from each other. A real

  particularly preferred embodiment includes so-called

  strips with which the lower rollover has a di-

particularly low weight.

  To allow the loading and / or unloading of a cassette

  in a simple way, that is to say to build the correct device

  respondent in a simple and economical way, the cassette 2 is, se-

  Ion a preferred and advantageous form, shaped such that the conveyor belts 3a, 3b, 3c support the raw bricks 1, which rotate by their carrier strand at a low angle

  acute (less than 30, in particular 3-20) in relation to

  cassettes, sink into the cassettes 2 since

  the cassettes can be moved below the trans-

  carrier 3 which load (or discharge), that is to say be moved forward on the lower rollover side of the

  cassettes without any risk of collision.

  It may be advantageous for a rational working mode to make the cassette 2 in such a way that several green bricks 1 can be received with a spacing X or X 'forming a

  air passage during the drying and roasting process. We pre-

  preferably, as shown, the reception of two

  green bricks 1 arranged one behind the other.

  The cassettes 2 are made according to the type called cassettes H and

  present in all cases a bearing surface arranged to dis-

  the training plan, which can be carried out with a

  air and is preferably shaped so as to provide spot support for the raw brick and good air flow.

  for a raw brick I on a cassette 2.

  The basic shape, in longitudinal or transverse section, of the cassette 2 may deviate from the indicated H-shape. Simply

  close a U at the top, that is, a base shape similar to n.

  It's just important to have enough free space

  between the support of the raw brick and the dressage plan of the cas-

  so that the 3D turning parts of the trans-

  carrier side of the cassette, that is to say inferior, are received in height.

  Regardless of the basic form of cassette performed respectively

  In particular, for its longitudinal section, the cassette 2 must be made in such a way that a stack of cassettes 2

  is possible easily in the state filled with raw bricks.

  The cassette 2 has, in vertical section, advantageously in vertical longitudinal section, dressing elements 5 at both ends.

  end zones, which act as supports and are formed

  of a through-wall forming a front wall of cases

  settee or at least two legs in the form of spars. The construction with dressing walls 5, particularly visible in all in FIGS. 3-5, is particularly simple, stable and preferred. In this case, the walls of dressage or walls

  front cassette 5 may have a basic shape tapering

  on the bottom side, in particular a trapezoidal base

  zoïdale. To allow stable stacking in position and / or collisionless cassettes 2, the lower edges of the two dressing walls 5 are recessed in the central region, so that there is respectively two bearing surfaces, provided in each cassette 2 in number of four respectively in the corner areas. The carrier wall 6 of the cassette 2, which serves for the support of the green brick 1 of mechanical tile, is stainless. It therefore has at least two, preferably three, passages 7 for the band

  3, which allow the conveyor belts to penetrate

  3a, 3b, 3c, carrying the raw bricks 1 and the transla-

  between the cassette 2 and the ends of the cas-

  sette (reversals) of the conveyor belts 3a, 3b, 3c. From

  In a preferred embodiment, the carrier wall 6 of the cassette is formed by a grid with grid bars extending in the longitudinal direction of the cassettes, the median grid bars 6a being

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  located inside laterally limiting the openings or passages 7 for the conveyor belts extending in the direction

  of support for raw brick 1. Passages 7 for trans-

  carriers are formed on the one hand, that is to say between the grid bars 6a, respectively by a slot 7a, and on the other hand,

  that is, in the region of the dressing walls 5 of the case.

  sette, by a recess 7k open upwards, in particular with a U-shaped base (see Figures 3 to 5). In the front view, we thus obtain a U-shaped gutter that allows

  slide the cassette 2 along the entire length of the case.

  under the ends of the conveyor on the side of the cas-

  (reversing of the conveyor belt), with the transpor-

  3 of raw bricks embedded in the transverse section of

cassettes 2.

  To ensure good air circulation around the raw bricks 1, the cassette 2 is provided on its upper surface with ribs 8, 9,

  which produces point support. These ribs 8,9 are

  on the upper faces of the grid bars. The shape of the underside of the green bricks is adapted to their supporting surfaces or upper end surfaces, that is to say that, with an embodiment of the tile with a curved profile, the surfaces

  ribs, in the cross-section of the case.

  sette 2, are also on a bow, so that a full support of the raw brick is assured and that the raw bricks 1 of green mechanical tiles still deformable, can not be

  deform. According to a particularly preferred embodiment

  The cassette grid bars forming the support of the raw bricks are themselves in a plane, in particular

  parallel to the dressing plan of the cassette 2.

  The method according to the invention, in particular the working mode of changing the cassettes without the aid of a suction taker or the like, which takes the respective mechanical tile 1 on its later visible face, is easy to understand by the figure. 1 process without auxiliary pallets) or in Figure 2 (process with auxiliary pallets 10). The trajectory of movement is

  indicated by arrows A, B and C. Arrow A indicates the direction

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  General transport of loading, the arrow B the direction of rotation of the cassette conveyor 4 which exists in this case, and the arrow C the direction of rotation of the conveyor 3 of raw bricks existing in this case. The carrier 3 of raw bricks consists of at least two preferably three elements

  side-by-side conveyors with lateral spacing, in parti-

  banding, the height position of which is adapted to

  the shape of the mechanical tile (see Figure 3).

  The unloading of the mechanical tiles from a cassette 2 is

  in the opposite direction, that is, by rotation of the trans-

  In order to ensure complete positioning of the green bricks 1 on the respective cassettes 2, provision is made for a circuit arrangement by which the displacement 1) of a shear called the separation table 2) of the brick conveyor 3. floods that carries the

  green bricks 1 separated, preferably separated and

  distance X or X 'from the cutting station and which

  on the loading of the cassettes, 3) of the conveyor 4 of cassettes which brings the cassettes 2 to the loading location of the mechanical tiles, is controlled in synchronism according to the movement of the train

of homogenized clay.

  Preferably, two raw bricks 1 of mechanical tiles

  are separated simultaneously from the homogenized clay

  subsequently dismissed. In this case, the separation is effected by a separation table (not shown) presenting an element of

  mobile cutting back and forth and sliding horizontally, also

  movable height, and spacing raw bricks 1 which have just been cut is based on the advance and return of the separation table. The spacing X or X 'is obtained by the return of the separation table and the spacing Y or Y'

  by the advance of the separation table.

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  The green bricks 1 separated and spaced are deposited continuously

  in their direction of movement A, behind the separating table

  directly on the transport road constituted by the

  carrier 3, and brought from the upper end of the transport

  on an inclined path, which cuts the path of horizontal movement of the cassettes 2, which causes the cassettes 2 to be loaded,

  and the raw bricks 1 are deposited by means of the path of displacement

  tapes on the respective cassette 2. The spacings remain constant because the cassettes 2 and the raw bricks 1 move in synchronism of speed. The transfer on the

  cassettes occurs gradually as the path of trans-

  wearing raw bricks laid inclined sinks into recesses

  tapes 2 and cuts the path of movement of

  settes (that is, the flat cross). The cassettes 2 are ame-

  born continuously and rest, depending on the type of automation of supply,

  on auxiliary cassettes 10 or directly on the transpor-

  4 of cassettes. In the case of the implementation of auxiliary pallets 10, they always have the same spacings with respect to each other. These distances are predetermined

by the load of the oven.

  Compared to the state of the art, in particular EP-A-

  0162153), the invention is characterized in that the green bricks 1 of freshly compressed and separated mechanical tiles are transported directly on the cassettes 2, that is to say

  without interposing a particular holding station or adding

  and without mechanical action on the surface forming the visible face. he

Claims (10)

Claims.   1. A method of manufacturing mechanical tiles in which the green green bricks of mechanical tiles separated from the homogenized clay train are separated and deposited on cassettes or frames and guided on these cassettes through a dryer and a roasting furnace, characterized in what a) the raw bricks (1) of mechanical tiles, after being removed, are deposited directly on a conveyor (3)   away from the separation station and carrying out the   (b) the green brick carrier (3) supports each green brick (1) with at least 2, preferably 3, conveyor belts (3a, 3b, 3c) extending in parallel, (c) the conveyor ( 3) raw bricks transports the raw bricks (1) on a flat inclined trajectory, according to a   acute angle of less than 30 in relation to the trajectory of   storing cassettes (2) transported continuously, and crossing said trajectory of movement of the cassettes,   d) the cassettes (2) are provided with passages (7) of trans-   carrier in their supporting wall (6) receiving / supporting the green bricks (1) and extending away from the training plane of the cassettes, which allow a depression of the conveyor belts (3a, 3b, 3c) carrying the hollow bricks as well as translation of the cassettes (2) below the conveyor belts (3a, 3b, 3c), e) the green bricks (1) and the cassettes (2) are transported in the same main direction and in synchronism of speed, and f) the displacement 1. of a green brick shear 2. of the conveyor (3) of green bricks and 3. of the conveyor (4) of cassettes is controlled in synchronism with the movement of the homogenized clay train. 2. Method according to claim 1, 12 26 4 6 1 2 1   characterized in that two raw bricks (1) of mechanical tiles   are placed one behind the other on each case.   sette (2), with a spacing (X, X ').   3. Method according to one of claims 1 and 2,   characterized in that the cassettes (2) receiving the green bricks (1) are transported and fed along a horizontal path of travel by standing directly on a conveyor (4) and   following each other closely.   4. Method according to one of claims 1 and 2,   characterized in that the cassettes (2) receiving the green bricks (1) are transported and fed along a traveling path   horizontally on auxiliary pallets (10) with   mined, which rely on a carrier (4).   5. Method according to one of claims I to 4,   characterized in that, after roasting, the cassettes (2) are emptied on an inclined path by means of conveyor belts (3a, 3b, 3c) which penetrate into the cassettes (2) or leave them   pass and which respectively take from under a metal tile canic (1).   6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5,   characterized in that for the loading and / or unloading of the cassettes (2), low-radius conveyor belts (3a, 3b, 3c) are used at the locations   reversing the side of the cassettes.   7. Cassette (2) for receiving raw bricks of mechanical tiles, for the drying and roasting process, for the   implementation of the method according to one of claims 1 to 6,   characterized in that it comprises a bearing wall (6) for the support of at least one green brick (1), preferably two bricks   (1) to be arranged one behind the other, the said   carrying king (6) being separated from the dressing plane, and at least two passages (7) of the conveyor belt are provided in said   carrier wall (6), extending in the laying direction and parallel 13 2646121   between them, to allow for a break in the trans-   carrier in the cassette (2) as well as a translation of the   sits (2) below the inverting of the conveyor belt (3) facing the cassettes (2).   8. Cassette according to claim 7, characterized in that the carrier wall (6) carrying the raw brick of mechanical tile is formed by a grid extending between front end facing elements, preferably dressing walls ( 5), middle grid slots (7a) forming   the passages (7) for the conveyor belt (3).   9. Cassette according to one of claims 7 and 8,   characterized in that U-shaped recesses (7b) are   in the region between grid bars (6a) are   inside, on the support walls (5) of frontier ends   to form passages (7) for the conveyor belt (3) so that there are through passages (7)   for the conveyor belt (3) over the entire length of the cas- sette (2).   Cassette according to one of claims 7 to 9,   characterized in that it is provided on its upper face with   ribs (8, 9) for the point support of the raw brick (1).