EP0144945B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour l'exploitation discontinue de fours à coke verticaux - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour l'exploitation discontinue de fours à coke verticaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0144945B1
EP0144945B1 EP19840114624 EP84114624A EP0144945B1 EP 0144945 B1 EP0144945 B1 EP 0144945B1 EP 19840114624 EP19840114624 EP 19840114624 EP 84114624 A EP84114624 A EP 84114624A EP 0144945 B1 EP0144945 B1 EP 0144945B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coke
chamber
heating
coking
coal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840114624
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0144945A3 (en
EP0144945A2 (fr
Inventor
Kurt Dr. Lorenz
Hans-Josef Kronberg
Dieter Dr. Stalherm
Horst Dungs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Still Otto GmbH
Original Assignee
Still Otto GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Still Otto GmbH filed Critical Still Otto GmbH
Publication of EP0144945A2 publication Critical patent/EP0144945A2/fr
Publication of EP0144945A3 publication Critical patent/EP0144945A3/de
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Publication of EP0144945B1 publication Critical patent/EP0144945B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B3/00—Coke ovens with vertical chambers
    • C10B3/02—Coke ovens with vertical chambers with heat-exchange devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
    • C10B39/02—Dry cooling outside the oven

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the discontinuous operation of vertical chamber coking ovens with indirect heating of the coking chambers to produce blast furnace coke from moist or preheated fine coal, and also devices for carrying out the method.
  • the subject of DE-PS-2 756 330 is vertical chamber coking furnaces in battery-wise arrangement for the continuous coking of briquettes made of hard coal, brown coal or peat.
  • the briquettes are continuously moved downward through the coking shafts and, following the coking stage, reach a cooling stage in which they are cooled directly by cooling gases which are circulated.
  • Such direct cooling is only possible with briquettes and not with coke from fine coal filled in the coking ovens.
  • discontinuously operated vertical chamber coking ovens are known, in which a gasification stage is located directly below the actual coking stage. At the lower end of this gasification stage, water vapor is introduced into the coke chamber to gasify part of the coke. At the transition from the gasification stage to the coking stage arranged above, the so-called degassing gas is then to be drawn off from the gasification chamber via openings and passed into a separate template.
  • the water vapor required for gasification is generated in a cooling stage below the gasification stage by indirect cooling of the coke.
  • all of the steam generated is reintroduced into the gasification stage, and no additional usable steam is available.
  • the structural outlay due to the additionally provided gasification stage in the known vertical chamber furnaces is considerable.
  • the object of the invention is now to propose a method of the generic type, in which the coke can be cooled dry and used to produce economically usable steam without major additional structural outlay.
  • GB-A-485 244 describes a device for coking or carbonizing coal at coke end temperatures of 500 or 700 ° C., with metallic internals being arranged in the coking chamber to improve the heat transfer from the heating walls to the coal. With these devices, the production of blast furnace coke with a final temperature of more than 1000 ° C is not possible.
  • a device for the discontinuous operation of vertical chamber coking ovens with a cooling chamber arranged under the coking chamber for indirect cooling of the coke is known from this document. After the cooling chamber has been emptied, the closure device arranged between the cooling chamber and the coking chamber is opened and the coke is drained into the cooling chamber in one go.
  • the method according to the invention for the discontinuous operation of vertical chamber ovens provides that the fully cooked glowing coke cake from the coking chambers is lowered in the vertical direction at most by the amount of its height and the chamber is refilled with fine coal and the lowered coke cake does not move during the next cooking time and is only indirectly cooled and its heat completely on evaporator surfaces to generate z.
  • B. emits a high-tension steam.
  • the lowering of the fully cooked hot coke cake is brought about by the lower removal of the cold and cooled coke from the cooling chamber.
  • the fully cooked coke cake should only be lowered by no more than the amount of its height, so that the new fine coal filling definitely gets into the hot, heated area of the coking chamber.
  • the furnace chamber doors with a thick insulating plug arranged directly below the coking stage are eliminated.
  • the column of the coke located in the cooling chamber forms the insulation and shield against the hot coking chamber and during the discharge the temperatures below the cooling chamber are low. Both the discharge of the cold coke and the sealing of the coking and cooling chamber from the atmosphere pose only minor problems in this temperature range.
  • the coking chamber is refilled and both the coal cake to be coked in the coking chamber and the coke cake to be cooled in the cooling chamber are not moved during the entire cooking time.
  • the coke is only indirectly cooled in the cooling chamber and emits its heat completely to the evaporator surfaces to generate a high-tension steam.
  • steam production can be easily equalized during operation by combining as many cooling chambers with different temperature levels as possible and connecting one or more steam drums to the requirements.
  • a steam superheater can also be connected downstream of the cooling walls.
  • the coking chambers and cooling chambers each form a closed unit that can be easily sealed off from the atmosphere in regions with a relatively low temperature.
  • This filling system achieves a high bulk density in the coking chamber and, at the same time, there are no emission problems when filling the hot coking chambers because the coal storage chamber can be sealed gas-tight at the top while the prepared coal cake is being lowered.
  • the coking chamber having a taper in the vertical direction of at least 0.3 to 0.5%, preferably about 1 m above the heating cable foot, a taper of 0.5 to 1% , owns. To achieve trouble-free operation, such a taper is particularly favorable.
  • Cooling walls from z. B. iron materials with high thermal conductivity have proven to be useful. It is advantageous to have the pipe axes run in the direction of movement of the coke and to connect the pipes to horizontal distributors and to let collectors that rise slightly in the flow direction open. With this construction of the evaporator surfaces, the evaporator circuit can easily be operated even in natural circulation.
  • FIG 1 shows the device according to the invention with coal storage chambers, coking chambers, cooling chambers, intermediate bunkers and discharge lock in the schematic arrangement.
  • FIGS. 2 and 2a show, in comparison to FIG. 1, on a somewhat enlarged scale, partly in side view and partly in section, the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a horizontal section along line AA of FIG. 2.
  • Figure 4 shows in detail the arrangement of the supply channels for the combustion media below the heating wall, as shown in Figure 6.
  • FIG. 5 shows, similar to FIG. 4, the arrangement of the feed channels below the heating wall, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • Figure 6 is a horizontal section through part of a heating wall for high gas operation according to the four-heating system.
  • Figure 7 is a horizontal section through part of the heating wall of a twin train system for high gas.
  • the coal storage chamber (21) with the upper coal filling funnel (24) and the upper closure flaps (22) and the lower closure flap (23) is located above the coking furnace chamber (1), which is expediently hydraulic in sections is operated.
  • the raw gas collecting space is located above the upper edge (19) of the coal filling and is limited at the top by the closure flap (23).
  • the raw gases are withdrawn from the furnace chamber in the longitudinal direction of the furnace chamber via this raw gas collecting space and pass through the raw gas discharge line (26) into the receiver (27).
  • a heating wall (18) which, according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the combustion media are supplied or the waste heat is removed.
  • the cooling chambers (2) Directly adjacent to the individual coking oven chambers (1) are the cooling chambers (2) below, the evaporator walls (17) of which are equipped with lower distributor lines (15) and upper collectors (16). Between the evaporator walls (17) of the cooling chamber (2) there is the lattice support structure (52) on which the entire coking furnace chambers (1) are mounted. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 1, the transfer chutes (14) are located under the cooling chambers (2), from which the cooled coke is drawn off into the intermediate bunkers (3) by means of the cyclically operated rocking tables (4). An intermediate bunker can be assigned to two or three cooling chambers.
  • the coke is fed to a bunker lock system via rocker tables (5), cross conveyors (6), transfer chutes (7), scraper belts (8), as described, for example, in DE-PS-3 014 574 is described.
  • the coke is alternately fed to the discharge locks (9), which are provided with the shut-off devices (11) and (12), via swivel tables (10).
  • the coke can then be conveyed to conveyor belts for sieving, for example via vibratory conveyors (13).
  • a gas-tight encapsulation (25) is also indicated in FIG. 1 by a dash-dotted line.
  • the heating wall (18) in the form of a four-pass system with the arrangement of the vertical heating trains (28) is indicated.
  • This heating wall system could just as well consist of twin trains or a half-divided system.
  • the regenerators for preheating the combustion media are not located under the heating walls, but next to the entire vertical chamber coking ovens. If, for example, a four-pass system operated with high-power gas is assumed, the lower horizontal channel (43), (Fig.), Is shown, for example, via the regenerators (30) and (31) indicated on the left in FIG . 4), the supply channel (44), the vertical hollow channel (45) and the height-graded slot openings (46) to the heating cables (28) air.
  • the heavy gas is then fed to the heavy gas nozzles (48) at the foot of the heating trains via the heavy gas channel (47) during the same changeover period.
  • the waste heat then flows through the slots (46a), the vertical hollow channel (45a), the supply channel (44a) into the lower horizontal channel (43a) and over the two connecting lines (32a) and (33a) to the regenerators (30a) and (31a). The direction of flow is then reversed in the next changeover period.
  • FIGS. 5 and 7 also show a twin heating train system with gradual supply of the combustion air for high-gas operation.
  • the combustion air flows through the lower horizontal channel (34), the supply channel (35), the hollow binder channel (36) and the height-graded outlet slots (37) into the heating cables (28).
  • the high-pressure gas is again supplied via the high-pressure gas duct (38) and the high-pressure gas nozzles (39).
  • the waste heat is drawn to the regenerators via the slots (37a), the hollow binder duct (36a), the feed duct (35a) and the lower horizontal duct (34a).
  • the semi-split system would be an option.
  • the lower horizontal channels would be interrupted by a stable partition halfway through the furnace chamber.
  • the air would then be supplied via the regenerator (30) and the supply line (32) and a lower horizontal channel during a changeover period, and the lean gas would be supplied via the adjacent regenerator (31) and the supply line (33) and the other lower horizontal channel, while on the other half of the heating wall, the waste heat would be drawn off via the two lower horizontal channels lying next to one another and would be led via lines (32a), (33a) to the regenerators (30a) and (31a).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Procédé pour l'exploitation discontinue de fours à coke verticaux, avec chauffagé indirect des cellules de cokéfaction, pour la production d'un coke de haut-fourneau à partir de fines à coke humides ou préchauffées,
caractérisé par le fait
qu'à la fin de la cuisson, le saumon de coke incandescent descend verticalement de la cellule de cokéfaction d'une mesure correspondant au maximum à sa hauteur, de manière à permettre une nouvelle charge de la cellule. Pendant la période de cokéfaction qui suit, le saumon n'est pas manipulé et est soumis à un refroidissement indirect seulement, da façon à céder toute sa chaleur aux surfaces des évaporateurs pour la production de vapeur haute pression.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé par le fait
que le saumon de coke incandescént descend de la cellule de cokéfaction seulement d'une hauteur telle que sa crête se trouve encore à 1 m environ au-dessus du pied des carneaux de chauffage.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
caractérisé par le fait
que tout le pain de charbon est formé, et éventuellement pré-compacté, dans une chambre de stockage du charbon placée au-dessus de la cellule de cuisson. Après quoi, ce pain de charbon est chargé en bloc dans la cellule de cuisson elle-même.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
caractérisé par le fait
que l'extraction du coke refroidi s'effectue à l'aide de tables basculantes, dans un espace de temps compris entre 7 et 15 minutes environ.
5. Dispositif pour l'exploitation discontinue de fours à coke à cellule verticale, avec chauffage indirect et aussi refroidissement indirect du coke, pour permettre l'application du procédé selon les revendications précedentes, la chambre de refroidissement étant placée immédiatement au-dessous de la cellule de cuisson et les parois de refroidissement constituant la surface des évaporateurs avec parois à membrane, par exemple du type tuyau-nervure-tuyau,
caractérisé par le fait
que la cellule de cuisson possède, dans le sens vertical, une conicité d'au moins 0,3 à 0,5 %.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5,
caractérisé par le fait
que la cellule de cuisson (1) possède, à 1 m environ au-dessus du fond des carneaux de chauffage, une conicité de 0,5 à 1 %.
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 ou 6,
caractérisé par le fait
que les axes des tuyaux sont disposés dans le sens d'écoulement du coke, que les tuyaux sont raccordés à des distributeurs (15) à axe horizontal et débouchent dans des collecteurs (16) dont l'axe, dans le sens d'écoulement du produit, est incliné et légèrement montant.
8. Dispositif d'après une ou plusieurs des revendications ci-dessus,
caractérisé par le fait
que les piédroits de chauffage sont constitués, selon la conception déjà connue, par des carneaux de chauffage avec arrivée élagée des fluides de chauffage à travers des boutisses creuses (36, 45), que les carneaux d'un piédroit débouchent, par groupes de 2, ou de 4, ou même en totalité, dans un canal horizontal commun (29) placé dans le haut des piédroits et dans la direction de ceux-ci, et sont reliés, par au moins deux canaux horizontaux disposés parallèles, l'un à côté de l'autre, au-dessous des carneaux de chauffage, à l'intérieur du piédroit et dans la direction de celui-ci, aux régénérateurs situés auprès de la batterie de fours à coke à cellule verticale.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8,
caractérisé par le fait
que l'arrivée du gaz riche de chauffage des fours à coke à cellule verticale peut se faire par le bas (système underjet) ou par le côté (système canon).
10. Dispositif selon les revendications précédentes,
caractérisé par le fait
que les chambres de refroidissement (2) voisines sont reliées deux par deux à un silo intermédiaire (3) commun.
11. Dispositif selon les revendications ci-dessus,
caractérisé par le fait
qu'une chambre de stockage du charbon (21), capable d'accueillir exactement la quantité de charbon nécessaire pour une charge, est placée au-dessus de chaque cellule de cuisson (1).
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11,
caractérisé par le fait
que la chambre de stockage du charbon de charge (21) est munie d'équipements permettant un pré-compactage de ce dernier.
13. Dispositif selon les revendications précédentes,
caractérisé par le fait
que tout le complexe de la batterie de fours à coke avec les chambres de refroidissement (2) et les régénérateurs, y compris une partie des silos supérieurs de stockage du charbon et des équipements inférieurs pour l'extraction du coke refroidi est enfermé à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe étanche au gaz (25).
EP19840114624 1983-12-07 1984-12-01 Procédé et dispositif pour l'exploitation discontinue de fours à coke verticaux Expired EP0144945B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3344106 1983-12-07
DE19833344106 DE3344106A1 (de) 1983-12-07 1983-12-07 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum diskontinuierlichen betrieb von vertikalkammerverkokungsoefen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0144945A2 EP0144945A2 (fr) 1985-06-19
EP0144945A3 EP0144945A3 (en) 1987-01-14
EP0144945B1 true EP0144945B1 (fr) 1989-03-29

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ID=6216190

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840114624 Expired EP0144945B1 (fr) 1983-12-07 1984-12-01 Procédé et dispositif pour l'exploitation discontinue de fours à coke verticaux

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EP (1) EP0144945B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS60139788A (fr)
DE (1) DE3344106A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4867795B2 (ja) * 2007-05-30 2012-02-01 マックス株式会社 仕切部材
CN101519595B (zh) * 2009-03-31 2012-06-13 山西中元煤洁净技术有限公司 一种煤料炭化设备
USD808799S1 (en) 2015-11-17 2018-01-30 Hunter Fan Company Carton with color striping

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE299546C (fr) *
GB485244A (en) * 1936-07-18 1938-05-17 Otto & Co Gmbh Dr C Improvements in or relating to the low and medium temperature carbonization of fuels
GB670301A (en) * 1949-06-18 1952-04-16 William David Jones Improvements in or relating to ovens for the production of gas and coke
DE2657213C2 (de) * 1976-12-17 1984-01-12 Carl Still Gmbh & Co Kg, 4350 Recklinghausen Batterieweise angeordnete vertikale Verkokungsofenkammern
DE2756330C2 (de) * 1977-12-17 1984-05-03 Carl Still Gmbh & Co Kg, 4350 Recklinghausen Vertikalkammer-Verkokungsöfen in batterieweiser Anordnung zum kontinuierlichen Verkoken von Briketts aus Stein-, Braunkohle oder Torf

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0144945A3 (en) 1987-01-14
DE3344106A1 (de) 1985-06-13
EP0144945A2 (fr) 1985-06-19
JPS60139788A (ja) 1985-07-24

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