EP0138408B1 - Elektromagnet und Verfaren zu seiner Herstellung - Google Patents

Elektromagnet und Verfaren zu seiner Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0138408B1
EP0138408B1 EP19840306400 EP84306400A EP0138408B1 EP 0138408 B1 EP0138408 B1 EP 0138408B1 EP 19840306400 EP19840306400 EP 19840306400 EP 84306400 A EP84306400 A EP 84306400A EP 0138408 B1 EP0138408 B1 EP 0138408B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yoke
core
coil member
pieces
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840306400
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0138408A2 (de
EP0138408A3 (en
Inventor
Toshiro Yokoi
Toshiaki Okita
Koji Sawai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanmei Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanmei Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanmei Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Sanmei Electric Co Ltd
Publication of EP0138408A2 publication Critical patent/EP0138408A2/de
Publication of EP0138408A3 publication Critical patent/EP0138408A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0138408B1 publication Critical patent/EP0138408B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/005—Impregnating or encapsulating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1676—Means for avoiding or reducing eddy currents in the magnetic circuit, e.g. radial slots

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an electromagnet to operate a magnet valve apparatus and other mechanisms and more particularly to an electromagnet in which a circular cylindrical coil, a stator core and an armature core mounted about the axis of the coil and a yoke to lead the magnetic flux generated by feeding the coil with an alternate current to the stator core and the armature core are included and the armature core is pulled by the stator core under the electromagnetic force due to the magnetic flux.
  • the yoke is made of laminated silicon steel sheets for the purpose of preventing the generation of eddy current.
  • the yoke is usually made in the form of a rectangular cylinder consisting of such a number of laminated silicon steel strips as is sufficient to obtain a cross-sectional area to pass satisfactorily the magnetic flux generated by the coil.
  • an air gap of a considerable thickness must be left between the circular cylindrical coil and the yoke, there is an undesirable and general tendency that the outermost dimension of the yoke is increased by an amount ' corresponding to the air gap and the electromagnet becomes relatively large-sized for the available electromagnetic performance as an electromagnet.
  • US-A-4087773 also describes an alternating current selenoid having a quadrilateral frame and a coil-wound plastic bobbin disposed therein is encapsulated in a resin block opening outwardly at one end with a pole piece extending into the block through such end and through the frame and into a plunger guideway formed by the barrel of the bobbin, the opposite end of the block interiorally defining an extension of the guideway and closing the end thereof remote from the pole piece.
  • an electromagnet comprising a cylindrical coil member, a stator core and an armature core, both cores being mounted about the centre axis of said coil member and a yoke disposed around said coil member and adapted to conduct magnetic flux generated by said coil member to said stator and armature cores.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnet in which eddy current is generated only to a very reduced degree due to a devised construction of many laminated yoke pieces.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnet construction which can be made small-sized despite the adopted laminated construction.
  • each one of the many yoke pieces can be brought close to or even in contact with the outer side surface of the coil.
  • the outermost size as an electromagnet can be limited to the minimum value.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnet in which the leakage magnetic flux of the coil is reduced and a relatively large electromagnetic force for the electric power put into the coil can be exerted on the armature core.
  • the present invention is therefore characterised in that the yoke is formed of a plurality of similar yoke pieces arranged radially about said coil member.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing an electromagnet of the above described construction with ease. Such a method is defined in claim 5.
  • a magnet valve apparatus comprises a valve device 1, an electromagnet 2 for actuating the valve device 1 and a terminal box 3 to which the ends of the power supply wires for the electromagnet are connected.
  • a body 4 is provided interiorly with a space 5 for advance and retreat of a spool 11 and with an oil passage 6.
  • the body is also provided with a port 7 for communication with a hydraulic pressure supply (for example, a pump), ports 8 for communication with a pressure-oil tank, and ports 9 and 10 for communication with a driven device, for example, a hydraulic cylinder and these ports are in communication as well with the aforesaid space 5 for advance and retreat of the spool 11 or with the oil passage 6.
  • a well known spool 11 is mounted for right and left travel as viewed in Fig. 1.
  • a spring seat 12 is capped and a spool restoring spring 13 is compressively inserted between the spring seat 12 and each of threaded connectors of an electromagnet to be described later on.
  • These spool restoring springs 13 are mounted for keeping the spool 11 in a neutral position as shown in Fig. 1 and are both compressive.
  • This electromagnet consists of an actuator 16 to operate mechanically the aforementioned valve device 1 and of a magnetizer 17 adapted to impart magnetic flux to the actuator 16.
  • the actuator 16 has a stator core 20 which, at one end thereof, has an integral threaded connector 21 engaging threadedly in the body 4 of the valve device 1.
  • the stator core 20 has also a flange portion 22 by which a ceiling 0- ring 23 is located.
  • the stator core 20 has further a through hole 24 wherein a push rod 25 is inserted for right and left displacement as viewed in Fig. 1.
  • a tube member 26 is capped by the other end portion of the stator core 20; and both the end portions are hermetically welded to seal off the space inside the tube.
  • the tube member 26 is made of a nonmagnetic material, defining a space for advance and retreat of the armature core 31.
  • To the other end portion of the tube member 26 is hermetically welded a blocking member 27.
  • the blocking member 27 is provided with a through hole 28 in which a push pin 29 for manual actuation is inserted for movement to the left of Fig. 1 and return to the shown position.
  • the hermetic seal between the through hole 28 and the push pin 29 is maintained by an 0-ring 30.
  • the actuator 16 goes by the name of a tube assembly.
  • This magnetizer 17 is situated outside the actuator 16 and is prevented by a stop fitting 18 from separating from the valve device 1.
  • the magnetizer 17 is provided with a housing 35, which is made of synthetic resins in one case and is prepared as a die casting in another. Inside the housing 35 a coil assembly 36 is fitted and the space between the coil assembly 36 and the housing 35 is filled up with a filler member 37.
  • the coil assembly 36 which comprises a cylindrical coil member 38 and a yoke 44 formed so as to enclose the former.
  • the coil member 38 consists of a cylindrical coil bobbin 39 with a flange at either end thereof and a coil wire 40 covoluted on the bobbin 39. From one of the flanges of the bobbin 39 extends a tongue piece 41 whose tip is provided with a plug holder 42. A lead wire 40a of the aforesaid coil wire 40 is connected to a plug 43 held by the plug holder 42.
  • the coil bobbin 39 is made of a material of sufficient electrical insulation and the coil wire is a wire of little electrical resistance, for example, a copper wire.
  • the yoke 44 consists of plural (two in the present embodiment) yoke elements 45. Each yoke element 45 comprises an auxiliary outer frame 46 and a plurality of similar yoke pieces 47 arranged radially towards the axis of the coil member 38.
  • the outer frame 46 is preferably made of a magnetic material for the outer frame to be utilized as a part of a magnetic circuit but need not be so.
  • the yoke pieces 47 are necessarily made of a magnetic material.
  • Each yoke piece 47 is formed of an intermediate member 48 to be positioned at the cylindrical surface of the coil member 38, and end members 49 extending integrally from both ends of the intermediate member 48 as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the intermediate member 48 is substantially of the same length as the coil member 38 (slightly longer by a clearance for assembling to be described later).
  • the width of the intermediate member of every yoke piece is selected to be sufficient to pass satisfactorily the magnetic flux generated by the coil member 38.
  • the end member 49 has a length equal to the sum of the thickness of the coil member 38 and the width of the intermediate member 48.
  • the width of the end member (the length thereof along the axis of the coil member 38) is selected to be sufficient to pass the magnetic flux of the coil member 38.
  • the intermediate members 48 of all the yoke pieces 47 form a substantially cylindrical yoke portion enclosing the coil member 38. (In effect, the cylindrical yoke portion has longitudinal cuts but the cuts of such width as that of the present embodiment interfere in no way with the function to conduct magnetic flux).
  • the end members 49 of many yoke pieces 47 all together form two flange-shaped yoke portions, one connecting magnetically the cylindrical surface of the space for advance and retreat of the armature core 31 to one end of the aforementioned cylindrical yoke portion, and the other connecting similarly the cylindrical surface of the stator core to the other end of the cylindrical yoke portion.
  • This terminal box comprises a main box 52 and a lid 53 put on it. Both are made of an electrically insulating material such as synthetic resins.
  • the main box 52 consists of a base member 54 and partition wall members 55 and 56, and the base member 54 together with the partition wall member 55 is fixed on the body 4 of the valve device 1 with fastening screws 57. Between the base member 54 and the partition wall member 55 is prepared a disposition space 58 where a control circuit 59 is disposed.
  • This circuit 59 includes a plurality of circuit components 61, a socket 62, pilot lamp 63 and so on all mounted on a printed-circuit board 60.
  • To the socket 62 the plug 45 is connected detachably as shown clearly in Fig. 1.
  • the partition wall member 56 is provided with terminals 64 and as well with an integral wire inlet 65 through which power supply wires are taken in to be connected to the terminals 64.
  • the lid 53 is secured on the main box 52 with mounting screws 66.
  • the other electromagnet similar to the aforementioned electromagnet 2 is mounted at the left side of the valve device 1 as seen in Fig. 1 (only a part of the stator core of the other electromagnet being shown), and a plug of the other electromagnet is connected to a socket 62 provided to the left hand side of the control circuit 59.
  • the electric power is supplied to the terminals 64 through the wires taken in from outside in the magnet valve apparatus of the aforementioned construction, the electric power is sent to the coil wire 40 through the control circuit 59 and further through the plug 43.
  • the pilot lamp 63 is lighted in a well known manner.
  • the eddy current loss in the yoke 44 can be decreased and the energy of the electric current can be used effectively for the operation of the armature core 31 even if the current is alternating. Namely, when a certain amount of magnetic flux passes through the yoke as the result of the power feed to the coil wire 40, it is difficult for an eddy current of considerable strength to flow in the yoke 44, which consists of many yoke pieces 47 arranged radially, and the eddy current loss in the yoke is small. Thus, electric energy can be used effectively as described above.
  • the heat generated by the coil wire 40 when a current is turned on in the coil wire 40 to operate the electromagnet, the heat generated by the coil wire 40, if any, can be given off effectively to outer regions of the apparatus. That is, in the yoke 44 enclosing the peripheral surface of the coil member 38, a number of yoke pieces 47 are radially arranged. Consequently, the heat generated by the coil wire 40 is first transmitted from the outer peripheral surface of the coil member 38 to the inner peripheral edges of the yoke pieces 47 and is directly conducted outwards along the radially disposed yoke pieces 47 to be conveyed to the outer peripheral edges of the yoke pieces 47. Accordingly, the heat generated by the coil can be released from whole the broad outer peripheral surface of the yoke 44.
  • each yoke piece 47 can be brought further to and released at the outer peripheral surface of the housing 35 by more direct heat conduction due to the outerframe 46, the filler member 37 and the housing 35.
  • the housing 35 and the coil assembly are manufactured separately.
  • the coil assembly 36 is manufactured in the following manner. Namely, the coil wire 40 is first wound on the coil bobbin 39 and the lead wire 40a for the coil wire 40 is connected to the plug 43, the coil member 38 as shown in Fig. 4 being formed.
  • the plural yoke elements 45 are made in a separate process'other than that for the coil member 38.
  • a necessary number of outer frames 46 as shown in Fig. 5 are prepared and at the same time a number of yoke pieces 47 as shown in Fig. 6 are also prepared.
  • an assembling jig which consists of an enclosing member 71 as shown in Figs. 8 and 9 and of a center column 72 adapted in it dismountably along its axis.
  • the diameter of the center column 72 is made equal to that of the aforementioned actuator 16.
  • the outer frame 46 and a plurality of yoke pieces 47 having been adapted therein are taken out so that the yoke pieces may not be in bits.
  • the yoke elements 45 having been taken out, are put on the coil 38 prepared beforehand in the form as shown in Fig. 4 and the form as shown in Fig. 3 is constructed.
  • the aforementioned coil assembly 36 is inserted into the housing 35.
  • a positioning jig 74 is set in the coil assembly 36.
  • This positioning jig 74 consists of a setting portion adaptable to the outer periphery of the opening side of the housing 35 and of a rod member 76 adapted to be inserted in the coil assembly 36 and positions the coil assembly 36 against the housing 35.
  • Thee rod member 76 is formed to be as thick as the aforementioned actuator 16.
  • a suitable type of liquid filler material is poured into the housing 35 through an injection port 77 formed in the jig 74. This filler material is made to stream in among the coil member 38, respective yoke pieces 47 and the outer frame 46 in the coil assembly 36 as well as between the housing 35 and the coil assembly 36. Having been poured, the filler material is solidified.
  • the liquid filler material is prevented from streaming out, since the housing 35 is shut up a forehand with a bottom plate 35a as shown in Fig. 11.
  • the jig 74 as well as the bottom plate 35a is removed. By the step to this point the magnetizer 17 is completed.
  • the rod member 76 in the positioning jig 74 is made of a magnetizable material and an electric current is turned on in the coil member 38 of the coil assembly 36 through plugs 43, the following effects can be obtained. That is, as the result of the aforementioned energization of the coil member 38, the rod member 76 is magnetized to become an electromagnet. Consequently, the internal peripheral edges 49a of the end members 49 in many yoke pieces 47 are pulled by the rod member 76 as shown in Fig. 12. In this manner, the internal peripheral edges 49a of the end members 49 in many yoke pieces 47 are in alignment in good order around the outer peripheral surface of the rod member 76.
  • the external peripheral edges 49b of the end members 49 are repelling one another to be arranged side by side at regular intervals as shown in Fig. 12, since all of the external peripheral edges 49b are magnetized to be of the same polarity (for example, N pole). Therefore, if the filler material is poured among the yoke pieces 47 in such an alignment and is solidified there, many yoke pieces 47 can be fixed in good order at substantially regular intervals. Furthermore, since the internal peripheral edges 49a in the coil assembly 36 formed in the aforementioned manner are arranged in good order as described above, the internal peripheral edges 49a in the assembled electromagnet 2 come to positions very close to the stator core 20 or the armature core 31 of the actuator 16.
  • the reluctance of the aforementioned magnetic circuit is decreased and a powerful actuating force can be generated in the armature core 31. Furthermore, the heat generated by the coil member 38 on energization thereof can be utilized to quicken the solidification of the filler material.
  • the actuator 16 is manufactured separately from the magnetizer 17. Namely, the tube member 26 is put on the stator core 20, both are fixed to each other by welding and the armature core 31 is insertedly mounted in the tube member 26. Further, the push pin 29 is inserted in the through hole 28 of the blocking member 27, which is then fixed to the tube member 26 by welding. The actuator 16 is thus completed. Next, an account is given of the assembling process of the magnet valve apparatus. First, the actuator 16 is connected to the valve body 4 by screwing the threaded connector 21 into the threaded hole of the valve body 4. Then, the magnetizer 17 is put on the outer peripheral surface of the actuator 16.
  • the magnetizer 17 is fixed relative to the valve device 1, and the magnet valve apparatus is completed.
  • FIGs. 13 and 14 show a different example of the assembling jig for the yoke elements 46 (unlike that shown in Figs. 8 and 9).
  • an enclosing member 71e is formed integral with a center column 72e. If a member in these figures is considered to be the same as or alike to the corresponding one in previous figures, it is given a numeral same as in the previous figures but with an alphabet e and repeated description has been omitted. (In any of the following figures, an alphabet f, g, ----- or so on is successively affixed to a numeral according to the same idea and the repeated description is again omitted).
  • Fig. 15 shows a different example of the method for injecting the filler material.
  • a mould consists of two members 78 and 79 and the latter is provided with a rod member 76f.
  • a housing 35f containing a coil assembly therein is adapted between the elements 79 and 78.
  • the filler material is poured between the housing 35f and the coil assembly 36f through an injection port 77f and the filler material is solidified.
  • the elements 78 and 79 are separated from each other.
  • a magnetizer 17f is completed.
  • Fig. 16 shows a still different example of the moulding method of a magnetizer 17g.
  • the moulding according to this Fig. 16 is performed with the mould as shown in Fig. 15.
  • the moulding is done without using the housing. Namely, a coil member 38g and a yoke 44g are positioned around a center column 76g of an element 79g and, with these kept there, elements 78g and 79g are combined.
  • the filler material is injected through an injection port 77g to be solidified.
  • the injected filler material on solidification thereof, becomes a member which functions as a housing. It is preferable as well in this example to energize the coil member 38g through plugs 43g as in the previous case.
  • Figs. 17 and 18 show a different example of the jig used for the assembling of yoke elements 45h.
  • This jig consists of an outer frame 81, an inner frame 82 divisible into two sections and a core 83.
  • the assembling of the yoke element 45h with use of such a jig is performed as follows. First, a number of yoke pieces 47h are arranged and fixed around the core as shown in Fig. 17, and the pieces 47h together with the core 83 are inserted into the inner frame 82 which has been set in the outer frame 81. Then, a bonding agent, for example liquid resins or adhesives, is poured through an injection port 84 formed between the inner frame 82 and the core 83.
  • a bonding agent for example liquid resins or adhesives
  • the outer frame 81 is first taken off, then the inner frame 82 is divided into two sections and lastly the finished yoke element 45h is detached from the core 83. Since all the many yoke pieces 47h in the yoke element 45h finished in this manner are unified rigidly, the works in the next step, i.e. setting the yoke element around the coil member and inserting them into the housing, can be carried out easily. If the core 83 of the present example is made of a permanent magnet, the work to arrange and fix the many yoke pieces around the core 83 and to insert them into the inner frame 82 is made easy.
  • the many yoke pieces 47h can be joined (to keep) the plural yoke pieces 47h around the core 83 under the magnetic force thereof and the many yoke pieces can be prevented from dispersing. Moreover, with use of such a magnetized core, the many yoke pieces can be arranged in good order as in the case described in reference to Fig. 12.
  • FIG. 19 shows a still different example of the assembling jig. This example of the assembling jig differs from that shown in Figs. 17 and 18 in the partition position of an inner frame 82i.
  • Fig, 20 shows a different embodiment of the present invention.
  • a yoke 44j is designed to consist of four yoke elements 45j.
  • the number of the yoke elements is not limited to 2 of the previous embodiment or 4 of the present embodiment but may be 3 or an arbitrary number more than 3.
  • a different example of the form of the yoke pieces is shown in Figs. 21 and 22.
  • a yoke piece 47k shown in these figures is so formed that its thickness is decreasing towards the internal peripheral edge, i.e. increasing towards the external peripheral edge.
  • a finished yoke element 44k as shown in Fig. 28 a plurality of the yoke elements 47k made in this form can be arranged closely without any air gaps. Consequently, a magnetic circuit of a large cross section can be provided and hence the reluctance of it is lowered.
  • the radial dimension of the magnetic circuit can be reduced to obtain a magnetic circuit cross section of a certain area and hence it is possible to promote the miniaturization of an electromagnet.
  • a yoke piece 471 is formed with space securing projections 86.
  • This projection can be made by protruding a small part of a yoke piece 471 simultaneously when it is died from a metal sheet material (magnetic sheet material).
  • the yoke pieces, each having such a projection 86, can be arranged systematically at regular intervals.
  • an engage projection 87 is formed on the top of a space securing projection 86m, whereas the rear side of the space securing projection 86m is shaped to present an engage recess 88.
  • a yoke element 46m is assembled from these yoke pieces 47m, they can be unified just by arranging them in such a manner that the engage projection 87 of one of the yoke pieces 47m may engage with the engage recess 88 of another of the yoke pieces 47m. Accordingly, the yoke element 46m can be assembled without using the aforementioned outer frame as shown in Fig. 29.
  • an actuator 98 includes a hollow container 92, which consists of a connector 93 for connection to the body of the valve apparatus and of a receiver 94 for receipt of an armature core to be described later.
  • the connector 93 is generally made of a magnetic material such as iron but may be made of a nonmagnetic metallic material.
  • the receiver 94 consists of a cylindrical member 97 adapted to guide the advancing or retreating armature core and of an end member 98 integral with the cylindrical member 97. These members 97 and 98 are made of magnetic materials but may be made of nonmagnetic materials.
  • an intermediate cylinder 99 is fixed to one end of the cylindrical member 97 by welding all over the peripheries of both ends.
  • This intermediate cylinder 99 is situated inside the coil member and that outside the space for the advance and retreat of the armature core.
  • this intermediate cylinder 99 is made of a nonmagnetic material in order to prevent that magnetic flux from passing through the structure of the intermediate cylinder 99 which should pass through the armature core and stator core.
  • the other end of the cylinder 99 is fixed to a cylindrical portion 96 by welding all over their peripheries.
  • the hollow container 92 is hermetically sealed.
  • a stator 101 is fixedly provided close to the connector 93 and an armature core 102 is arranged for advance and retreat to the left and the right in Fig. 30.
  • the stator core 101 consists of a central connection member 103 and a core main portion 104 disposed therearound.
  • the connection member 103 consists of two elements 105 and 106 joined together.
  • the connection member 103 is made of a high strength material such as S10C or S45C.
  • Each of the elements 105 and 106 has, at its periphery, an annular joint portion 107, the cross section of which has a form suitable to constitute a dovetail groove.
  • the element 105 is provided, in its central portion, with a through hole 108 in which the aforementioned push rod 25 is inserted.
  • the core main portion 104 is constructed by assembling a plurality of such core elements 109 and 110 respectively as shown in Figs. 37 and 38. These many core elements 109 and 110 are arranged alternately as clearly shown in Fig. 32 and each of them is radially disposed around the central connection member 103.
  • the core element 109 is made, for example, of a silicon steel sheet and the core element 110 of a magnetic steel sheet so that it may be difficult for eddy current to flow in the core main portion 104.
  • the core piece 110 is made thicker towards the outer peripheral side, i.e. thinner towards the inner peripheral side. Consequently, when the core pieces 109 and 110 are laminated one upon another, they can be arranged in the form of an annulus around the connection member 103.
  • Both the core pieces 109 and 110 may be made either of silicon steel sheets or magnetic steel sheets on which a surface treatment of arbitrary type is preferably applied to increase the superficial electric resistivity.
  • the core pieces of both the above types are made of a single kind of material as in the above case, they need not be different in shapes from each other as shown in Figs. 37 and 38 but those core pieces of one type are suffice which have such a thickness as is suitable for the radially close arrangement of a plurality of them.
  • the inner peripheral portion of each of the core pieces 109 and 110 is so formed as to present a joint member 111 having a shape conformable to the joint member 107 of the connection member 103.
  • the above inner peripheral portion of the core pieces 109 and 110 is provided also with a recess 112.
  • a number of the recesses 112 of all the core pieces 109 and 110 are disposed in succession to define an annular groove 113 as shown in Fig. 31.
  • the core pieces 109 and 110 are further provided with a gain 114 for putting a shading coil therein.
  • These gains 114 as well define an annular groove 115 as shown in Fig. 32.
  • a shading coil 116 which is made of a good electrically conducting material such as copper and formed by an arbitrary method such as machining or stamping out.
  • armature core 102 is described referring to Figs. 40 to 42.
  • This armature core 102 is constructed equivalently to the aforementioned stator core 101. That is, a connection member 117 consists of two elements 118 and 119 each of which has a joint portion 120.
  • a core main portion 121 around the connection member 117 is formed of a plurality of those core pieces 122, each being made of a silicon steel sheet and those core pieces, each being made of a magnetic steel sheet, which are assembled radially about the axis of the connection member 117.
  • each of the core pieces 122 and 123 has a joint portion 124, which is coupled with the joint portion 120 of the connection member 117.
  • the core main portion 121 of the armature core 102 is provided, on its side surface, with an oil passage slot 125 which is cut lengthwise in the longitudinal direction of the armature core, i.e. in the direction of advance or retreat of the armature core.
  • the slot 125 is formed by sandwiching several core pieces 122' and 123' of smaller radial size between the core pieces 122 and 123.
  • An oil passage slot 126 is formed on that end surface of the core main portion 121 which is opposite to the stator core 101. This slot 126 is prepared by reducing the axial length of the core piece 122', i.e. by reducing the axial length of the armature core 102 at the slot 126 as clearly shown in Fig. 42.
  • an oil passage slot 127 which communicates with the aforementioned oil passage slot 126.
  • the distance L between the inner ends of a pair of opposing slots 127 is made smaller than the diameter of the push rod 25. Accordingly, even when the armature core 102 has been pulled by the stator core 101, a part of the slot 127 can communicate with the through hole 108 where the working oil flows.
  • connection member 103 or 117 is used in the central region of the respective core 101 or 102 and so its cross-sectional area is such smaller compared with that of the core 101 or 102.
  • the radius of the connection member is % of that of the core, the cross-sectional area of the connection member is reduced to Yo, and if the radius Yo, the cross-sectional area %5. If the cross-sectional area of the connection member is so much smaller, the generated eddy current is proportionately smaller. For this reason, the eddy current loss in the cores 101 and 102 is small.
  • the push rod 25 advances and retreats repeatedly in the through hole 108 bored through the central portion of the stator core 101.
  • any of the core pieces 109 and 110 does not touch the advancing or retreating push rod 25, since the through hole 108 is formed in the connection member 103.
  • the operation of the apparatus over a long period does not result' in relative displacements among the many core pieces 109 and 110.
  • stator core 101 of the actuator 90 is manufactured as follows.
  • One element 105 of the connection member as shown in Fig. 36, one element 106 of the connection member as shown in Fig. 36 and a number of core pieces 109 as shown in Fig. 37 and core pieces 110 as shown in Fig. 38 are prepared.
  • the element 105 is fixed on the jig 128, prepared in advance, by an arbitrary method as shown in Fig. 9(A). For example, it is fixed by inserting a positioning rod 129 of the jig 128 into the through hole 108.
  • the element 106 is securely fixed to the element 105 by caulking a part indicated by the numeral 130 and the reliable unification between the elements 105 and 106 and between these elements and core pieces 109 and 110 is obtained by welding a part indicated by the numeral 131.
  • the outer surface of the core main portion 104 is processed by polishing (for example by centerless polishing) to be finished to a diameter suitable for tightly fitting in the cylindrical portion 96 of the hollow container 92 and inside the intermediate cylinder 99.
  • both the end surfaces of the stator core 101 (the left and the right end surfaces in Fig. 33) are respectively finished to smooth planes by cutting.
  • the shading coil 116 is fitted in the groove 115.
  • This fitting procedure consists of inserting the coil 116 into the groove 115 and deforming a part indicated by a numeral 132 of Fig. 32 to the form as shown in Fig. 34 to make the coil 116 abut the side surface of the groove 115 and be fixed therein. In this manner, the stator core 101 is completed.
  • the assembling of the armature core is performed similarly as in the case of the aforementioned stator core 101. That is, after the core main portion 121 has been combined with the connection member 117, the elements 118 and 119 are fixed to each other by caulking a part indicated by a numeral 133 and then the reliable unification between the elements 118 and 119 and between them and the pieces 122, 123, 122' and 123' is obtained by welding such parts, as indicated by numerals 134 and 135, respectively.
  • the outer surface of core main portion 121 is processed by polishing and the armature core 102 is completed.
  • connection member 93 and the receiver 94 of the hollow container 92 are formed independently of the above manufacturing work.
  • the cylindrical member 97 and the intermediate cylinder 99 are welded together in advance and their internal surfaces are processed by polishing so that they may not interfere with the advance and retreat movement of the armature core 102.
  • the stator core 101, the armature 102, push pins and so on are filled together in the hollow container 62 and thereby the actuator 90 is completed.
  • the first step of this procedure is to fit the stator core 101 into the cylindrical member 96 of the connector 93. Meanwhile the push pins are inserted into the through holes of the receiver 94 and besides the armature core 102 is contained inside the receiver 94. Then, one end portion of the intermediate cylinder 99 of the receiver 94 is made to cover the stator core 101. Next, one end edges of the cylindrical portion 96 and the intermediate cylinder 99 of the receiver 94 are met to each other and welded together all over the periphery.
  • the groove 113 of the stator core 101 is situated just inside the contacting edges of the cylindrical portion 96 and the intermediate cylinder 99. Accordingly, when the contacting edges are welded and hence heated, the heat due to welding scarcely diverges from there (the contacting edges are hard to be cooled) and as a result of that, the contacting ends can be welded with ease and in addition with good work efficiency.
  • a raised stripe 136 is formed which rises from the contacting edges towards the bottom of the groove 113 as shown in Fig. 33.
  • This raised stripe 136 is formed all over the circumference of the groove 113 and thereby that situation is realized where the displacement of the stator core 101 relative to the hollow container 92 is prevented.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Elektromagnet, umfassend ein zylindrisches Spulenteil (38), einen Statorkern (20) und einen Ankerkern (31), von denen beide Kerne auf der Mittelachse des Spulenteils montiert sind, und ein Joch (44), welches um das Spulenteil herum angeordnet ist und in der Lage ist, von dem Spulenteil erzeugten magnetischen Fluß zu dem Statorkern und dem Ankerkern zu leiten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Joch (44) aus mehreren ähnlichen Jochstücken (47) gebildet ist, die um das Spulenteil herum radial angeordnet sind.
2. Elektromagnet nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes der Jochstücke (47) in Richtung auf seinen inneren Umfangsabschnitt (48) dünner und in Richtung auf seinen äußeren Umfangsabschnitt (49) dicker ist, und daß die Seitenflächen jedes Jochstücks sich in dichter Anordnung bezüglich den Seitenflächen benachbarter Jochstücke befinden.
3. Elektromagnet nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Statorkern (20) ein Verbindungsteil (105) und eine Anzahl von Stücken (109), die radial um das Verbindungsteilherum angeordnet sind, aufweist.
4. Elektromagnet nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ankerkern (102) ein Verbindungsteil(117) und eine Anzahl von Kernstücken (122), die radial um das Verbindungsteil herum angeordnetsind, aufweist.
5. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Elektromagneten, der ein zylindrisches Spulenteil (38), einen Statorkern (20) und einen Ankerkern (31), von denen beide Kerne um die Mittelachse des Spulenteils herum angeordnet sind, und ein Joch (44) aufweist, welches um das Spulenteil herum angeordnet ist und in der Lage ist, von dem Spulenteil erzeugten magnetischen Fluß zu dem Statorkern und den Ankerkern zu leiten, wobei das Joch mehrere ähnliche Jochstücke (47) umfaßt, die radial um das Spulenteil herum angeordnet sind, - gekennzeichnet durch folgende Schritte:
(a) Bilden des zylindrischen Spulenteils (38),
(b) Bilden mehrerer Jochelemente (44), von denen jedes eine Anzahl von Jochstücken (47) aufweist, die radial angeordnet sind und mit ihren Innen-Umfangskanten an einer koaxial mit der Außenfläche des Spulenteils angeordneten zylindrischen Fläche anliegen,
(c) Anordnen der Jochelemente um das zylindrische Spulenteil (38) herum, derart, daß die Elemente das Spulenteil umgeben, und
(d) Verbinden des zylindrischen Spulenteils (38) und der Jochelemente (47) miteinander.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, bei dem der Schritt (b) zum Bilden der Jochelemente gekennzeichnet ist durch Einstellen eines Außenrahmens (46) zwischen einem ringförmigen Umschließungsteil (71) und einer Mittelsäule (72) einer Lehre, wobei die äußere Seitenfläche des Außenrahmens mit der Innenfläche des Umschließungsteils übereinstimmt, Anordnen der Jochstücke (47) in radialer Weise an der Innenseite des Außenrahmens (46) mit der Mittelsäule (72) als Mittelachse, und Herausnehmen des Außenrahmens (46) zusammen mit den zusammengesetzten Jochstücken (47) aus dem Raum zwischen dem Umschließungsteil (71) und der Mittelsäule (72).
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, bei dem der Schritt (c) zum Verbinden des zylindrischen Spulenteils (38) mit den mehreren Jochelementen
(47) gekennzeichnet ist durch das Anordnen der Spulenteile (38) mit den das Spulenteil umgebenden Jochelementen (47), und Anordnen der so gebildeten Einheit in einem Gehäuse für den Elektromagneten; Einsetzen eines Stabelements (76) in den Innenraum des Spulenteils, um zu verhindern, daß ein flüssiges Füllmaterial in dem Raum eindringt; und Vereinigen von Spulenteil (38) und Jochelementen (47) dadurch, daß das flüssige Füllmaterial zwischen das Gehäuse (35) und das Stabteil (46) gegossen und ausgehärtet gelassen wird.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stabteil (76) aus einem magnetischen Material besteht, und das Material dadurch magnetisiert ist, daß das Spulenteil (38) mit Energie beaufschlagt wird, während das Füllmaterial sich verfestigt.
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, bei dem der Schritt (d) des Verbindens des elektrischen Spulenteils (38) mit den Jochelementen (47) gekennzeichnet ist durch das Anordnen des Spulenteils und der Jochelemente um das Spulenteil herum innerhalb einer Innenform (35) und das Einsetzen eines Stabteils (76) in den Innenraum des Spulenteils (38), um zu verhindern, daß flüssiges Füllmaterial in den Raum eindringt, und das Verbinden des Spulenteils (38) mit den Jochelementen (47) bei gleichzeitiger Bildung eines Gehäuses durch Gießen von flüssigem Füllmaterial in die Form (35) und Aushärten des Füllmaterials.
10. Verfahren nach Ansprüchen 5 bis 8, bei dem der Schritt (b) des Anordnens der Jochelemente radial um den Kern (83) herum dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Jochelemente (47) in einen Formrahmen (82) eingebracht werden, die Jochstücke (47) miteinander dadurch verbunden werden, daß ein Bindemittel eingegossen wird, um die Jochelemente zwischen dem Formrahmen (82) und dem Kern (83) zu vereinigen, und daß des Bindemittel ausgehärtet wird.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, bei dem das radiale Anordnen einer Anzahl von Jochstücken (47) um einen Kern (38) herum dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß jedes Jochstück (47) durch die Anziehungskraft des magnetisierten Kerns um einen Kern (38) herum angeordnet wird.
EP19840306400 1983-10-19 1984-09-19 Elektromagnet und Verfaren zu seiner Herstellung Expired EP0138408B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP196795/83 1983-10-19
JP19679583A JPS6088410A (ja) 1983-10-19 1983-10-19 電磁石のコイルアセンブリ及びその製造方法

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0138408A2 EP0138408A2 (de) 1985-04-24
EP0138408A3 EP0138408A3 (en) 1985-07-31
EP0138408B1 true EP0138408B1 (de) 1988-05-11

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840306400 Expired EP0138408B1 (de) 1983-10-19 1984-09-19 Elektromagnet und Verfaren zu seiner Herstellung

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EP (1) EP0138408B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6088410A (de)
DE (1) DE3471194D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2593432B2 (fr) * 1986-01-30 1988-07-22 Jacobiac Claude Procede d'enrobage etanche du stator d'un moteur electrique et moteur electrique obtenu a l'aide de ce procede
DE4201449C2 (de) * 1992-01-21 1995-02-02 Danfoss As Magnetventil-Oberteil
DE4201448C2 (de) * 1992-01-21 1995-03-16 Danfoss As Tauchanker-Magnetanordnung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE19924813C2 (de) * 1999-05-29 2001-11-15 Daimler Chrysler Ag Aktor zur elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung
DE10151955A1 (de) * 2001-10-22 2003-05-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Massereduzierter Magnetspulenträger
DE102009038730B4 (de) * 2009-08-27 2014-03-13 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Blechpaket aus weichmagnetischen Einzelblechen, elektromagnetischer Aktor und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie Verwendung eines weichmagnetischen Blechpakets
KR101965266B1 (ko) * 2017-08-02 2019-04-03 한국알박(주) 전자석 어셈블리의 제조 방법
KR102457741B1 (ko) * 2018-12-28 2022-10-24 한국알박(주) 진공 분위기에서 사용되는 전자석 어셈블리 및 그 제조 방법

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7100411A (de) * 1971-01-13 1972-07-17
GB1499326A (en) * 1974-04-18 1978-02-01 Expert Ind Controls Ltd Electromagnetic and armature core tubes for the same
US4087773A (en) * 1976-11-15 1978-05-02 Detroit Coil Company Encapsulated solenoid
GB2040585A (en) * 1978-12-29 1980-08-28 Expert Ind Controls Ltd Yoke structure for solenoid device
DE3209355A1 (de) * 1982-03-15 1983-09-22 Helmut Dipl.-Ing. 1000 Berlin Schöttle Tauchankermagnet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6088410A (ja) 1985-05-18
JPH0314209B2 (de) 1991-02-26
EP0138408A2 (de) 1985-04-24
DE3471194D1 (en) 1988-06-16
EP0138408A3 (en) 1985-07-31

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