EP0131544B1 - Elektrisch leitende Füllmittel - Google Patents
Elektrisch leitende Füllmittel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0131544B1 EP0131544B1 EP84810326A EP84810326A EP0131544B1 EP 0131544 B1 EP0131544 B1 EP 0131544B1 EP 84810326 A EP84810326 A EP 84810326A EP 84810326 A EP84810326 A EP 84810326A EP 0131544 B1 EP0131544 B1 EP 0131544B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- process according
- parts
- filler
- phthalocyanine
- electrically conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
- H01B1/16—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
- H01B1/18—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
Definitions
- the invention thus relates to a method for producing an electrically conductive filler, characterized in that a mixture of at least one metal phthalocyanine and at least one inorganic filler is pyrolyzed.
- Suitable metal phthalocyanines are e.g. B. copper, iron, nickel, aluminum, cobalt, manganese, tin, silicon, germanium, lead, titanium, chromium, uranium, magnesium, vanadium, molybdenum or Zinc phthalocyanines, mixtures of two or more different metal phthalocyanines also being possible.
- the metal phthalocyanines can also be mixed with metal-free phthalocyanines. It is also possible, for example, to use metal phthalocyanines substituted with sulfonic acid, sulfonamide, sulfoester, alkyl, aryl, aryl ether or thioether residues.
- the metal phthalocyanines can be used in fine or coarse form.
- the metal phthalocyanine used is preferably copper, nickel, cobalt or iron phthalocyanine, but very preferably copper phthalocyanine, in particular crude ⁇ -copper phthalocyanine for economic reasons.
- Suitable organic fillers are, in particular, glass, quartz, clay minerals, feldspar, silicates, carbonates, rock flour, clay, oxides or sulfates, which can be synthetic or natural materials, such as.
- the fillers mentioned can be used individually or
- Aluminum oxide, wollastonite, titanium dioxide, mica, iron oxide or quartz, in particular finely divided quartz, are preferably used as fillers.
- electrically conductive fillers produced according to the invention, in which the inorganic filler is crystalline or amorphous quartz with a particle size of 0.01 to 1000 ⁇ m, preferably 2 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the electrically conductive fillers that can be used in accordance with the invention can be produced by intimately mixing the pigment to be pyrolyzed and the inorganic filler dry or in an aqueous suspension, optionally with grinding, and then, if working in an aqueous suspension, filtering and drying . If necessary, the inorganic filler can be added during the synthesis of the metal phthalocyanine.
- the pigment to be pyrolyzed are preferably used per 100 parts by weight of dry starting mixture.
- the mixture of inorganic filler and metal phthalocyanine thus obtained is then pyrolyzed, the inorganic filler being coated with pyrolyzed pigment.
- the pyrolysis can be carried out at 0.5 to 20 bar, preferably at normal pressure, in air, in inert gas, in air with an increased oxygen content or in hydrogen gas. Pressure, gas and temperature increase as a function of time are generally chosen so that the pigment pyrolyzes in the highest possible yield of carbon and metal. Air or nitrogen are particularly suitable as the gas.
- the pyrolysis is expediently carried out at temperatures from 650 to 2500 ° C., preferably at temperatures from 800 to 1200 ° C.
- the process according to the invention preferably takes place at temperatures of 650 to 2500 ° C., at a pressure of 0.5 to 20 bar and in air, inert gas, in air with increased oxygen content or in hydrogen gas, but very preferably at 800 to 1200 ° C. and at normal pressure in air instead.
- heating a 1: 1 mixture of quartz powder / Cu phthalocyanine in air to 1050 ° C (at normal pressure) gives a product consisting of approximately 61% by weight of silicon dioxide, 30% by weight of carbon, 6.4 % By weight copper and 2.6% by weight nitrogen.
- the electrical conductivity at room temperature is approximately 10 Q-1 cm- 1 .
- the pyrolysis product is obtained in continuous or loose, dark gray to black solid mass and is usually broken and pulverized.
- the electrically conductive fillers produced according to the invention are particularly suitable for incorporation into high-molecular organic or inorganic material.
- a high molecular organic Material are suitable for.
- the high-molecular compounds mentioned can exist as plastic masses, melts or solutions.
- the conductive fillers produced according to the invention can be added to the high-molecular organic material by the methods customary in the art, before or during shaping, or also as a dispersion or in the form of preparations. Depending on the purpose, you can add other substances, such as. B. light stabilizers, heat stabilizers, plasticizers, binders, pigments and / or dyes, carbon black, flame retardants or other fillers.
- the electrically conductive filler according to the invention is preferably used in an amount of 0.5 to 70, preferably 15 to 60 percent by weight (per total mixture).
- the additives can also be added before or during the polymerization.
- Epoxy resins which are hardened with dicarboxylic acid anhydrides are preferably used as resin / hardener components.
- the electrically conductive fillers produced according to the invention can be incorporated, for. B. cement, concrete, glasses, ceramic materials, inorganic polymers such as polysilicic acid or polyphosphoric acid derivatives, alone or in a mixture with organic polymers, such as asphalt, mentioned.
- the electrically conductive fillers produced according to the invention are preferably used in an amount of 5 to 70, preferably 15 to 60 percent by weight (per total mixture).
- plastic systems with excellent mechanical and electrical properties can be produced economically. They have a reinforcing effect on the carrier material and are characterized by good electrical conductivity. Certain plastics, for example epoxy resins, containing the fillers according to the invention also have a constant electrical conductivity over a wide temperature range.
- Casting resin compositions for example epoxy casting resins, containing the fillers produced according to the invention also have good processing properties even with high conductivity (for example no or only low thixotropy) and lead to molded parts without a reduction in the mechanical properties.
- high conductivity for example no or only low thixotropy
- the fillers obtained according to the invention can be incorporated into plastics in a mixture with metals, for example in the form of powders, chips or fibers.
- the metal to be used here and its concentration depend on the area of application and should not impair the mechanical properties and the resistance, for example, to the decomposition of the plastic products produced with it. These are, for example, steel fibers and / or aluminum flakes. Instead of metals, carbon fibers can also be used.
- the electrical conductivity can be specifically adjusted by dilution with the fillers mentioned at the beginning or by adding graded amounts of the fillers produced according to the invention in such plastics or in inorganic materials, for example in such a way that electrically partially conductive compositions are formed. This is particularly important for controlling electrical fields and / or for reducing surface or space charges.
- the electrically conductive fillers produced according to the invention are not only suitable for the production of antistatic and electrically conductive polymer compositions, plastic articles and coatings. They can also be used to manufacture batteries and other objects in microelectronics, in or as sensors, as catalysts for certain chemical reactions, for the production of solar collectors, for shielding sensitive electronic components and high-frequency fields [EMI shielding], for equipotential bonding and glow protection higher load capacity of electrical systems and machines, for controlling electrical fields and charges in electrical devices or as surface heating conductors.
- EMI shielding shielding sensitive electronic components and high-frequency fields
- Example 1 90 parts of quartz powder Wllb from SIHELCO AG (SH-Birsfelden) are mixed well with 90 parts of crude ⁇ -copper phthalocyanine for 30 minutes on a Turbula machine from WA Bachofen (CH-Basel). The mixture is heated in a quartz glass vessel, the lid of which has a small opening, in an oven to 1050 ° C. within 6 hours. After 0.5 hours at this temperature, the mixture is cooled and 157 parts are obtained, a gray-black, solid mass which is pulverized in a laboratory mixer. The powder has a composition of 61.5% by weight SiO 2 , 30% by weight C, 6.5% by weight Cu and 2% by weight N The electrical conductivity, measured on the compressed powder, is Room temperature 10 Scm- 1 (2 electrodes measurement on micropressling).
- Cu-Pc copper phthalocyanine "according to F. Beck,” Bunsen Society Reports, Physical Chemistry “68 (1964), pages 558-567.
- Example 5 50 parts Wl ® from SIHELCO AG (Birsfelden CH-) are thoroughly mixed together with 50 parts of nickel phthalocyanine for 30 minutes on a Turbula machine from WA Bachofen (CH-Basel). The mixture is heated in a quartz glass vessel, the lid of which has a small opening, to 1000 ° C. in an oven within 6 hours. The mixture is kept at 1000 ° C. for 1 hour and then allowed to cool to room temperature. This gives 86.2 parts of a gray-black solid mass which is powdered. The electrical conductivity of the powder thus obtained is 12 Scm- 1 at room temperature .
- Example 12 270 parts of an analogous manner to Example 1 produced the filler from 135 parts of quartz powder W12 ® from SIHELCO AG and 135 parts of the obtained in Example 1 electrically conductive powder are added to 100 parts of Araldite CY 225 ® (modified bisphenol A epoxy resin having an Molecular weight of 380) and 80 parts of the hardener HY 925® (modified dicarboxylic anhydride). The mixture is heated to 80 ° C., homogenized with a paddle stirrer and vented for 3 minutes. The mixture is then poured into molds preheated to 80 ° C and cured for 4 hours at 80 ° C and for 8 hours at 140 ° C (DIN No. 16945). The following data are measured on the martensets and plates produced in this way:
- Example 13 For the coloring of PVC, a mixture of 65 parts of stabilized PVC, 35 parts of dioctyl phthalate and 25 parts of the product obtained according to Example 1 is used
- the soft PVC film obtained in this way has a specific surface resistance R o , measured according to DIN 53482 (electrode arrangement A), of 5.5. 10 10 2 cm.
- EXAMPLE 14 25 parts of the product obtained according to Example 1, 37.5 parts of polyethylene wax AC-617 0 from Allied Chemicals and 125 parts of sodium chloride are kneaded at 80-110 ° C. for 6 hours in a 300-part laboratory kneader. Then 62.5 parts of MOPLEN MOB-120 ® from Montecatini are incorporated into the plasticine. The kneading compound is cooled to 30 ° C in the running kneader, a gray-black powdery mass is formed, which is finely pulverized with approx. 3 liters of water on a FRYMA Z 050 toothed colloid mill.
- the suspension obtained is filtered off and the presscake is washed free of chloride with water.
- the product obtained is dried in a vacuum drying cabinet at 50-60 ° C. This gives 120 parts of a fine, loose, gray-black polyolefin preparation which, after extrusion on a laboratory extruder (Temp.Zone 1: 160 ° C; Zone 2: 190 ° C; Zone 3: 220 ° C; Zone 4: 170 ° C), is a thermoplastic Mass results. This mass has an electrical volume resistance of approx. 4 - 10 5 ⁇ cm, and is excellently suited for the production of injection molded articles or fibers.
- Example 15 In a 300 parts by volume of comprehensive laboratory kneader, 32 parts of the product obtained according to Example 1, 48 parts DYNAPOL ® 206 of the company Dynamit Nobel, 160 parts of sodium chloride and 25-32 parts by volume of diacetone alcohol for about 5 hours at Kneaded at 80 ° C. Water is then added dropwise in the running kneader and at the same time cooled until the kneading mass is converted into granules. The granules are ground on a FRYMA dental colloid mill Z 050 with plenty of water, filtered off, the press cake obtained is washed salt-free with water and then dried in a vacuum drying cabinet at 65-70 ° C. A gray-black powdery mass is obtained, which is extruded into a cord on a laboratory extruder and then granulated on a chopping machine. The 40% polyester preparation thus obtained has an electrical volume resistance of 10 4 to 10 5 Qcm.
- EXAMPLE 16 If the procedure is analogous to that of Example 1, but using 5 parts of quartz powder W1® instead of 90 parts and 95 parts of ⁇ -copper phthalocyanine instead of 90 parts, a product containing about 12% by weight of copper is obtained. It is an excellent catalyst for the reaction described in Example 17 for the preparation of an anthraquinoid wool dye.
- Example 17 Reaction scheme 20.2 parts of 1-amino-4-bromoanthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid sodium are stirred with 300 parts of water and, after the addition of 13.8 parts of sodium carbonate, 11.25 parts of I-aminobenzene-4-sulfonic acid are gradually added. 7 portions of 1 part each of the product obtained according to Example 16, finely powdered, are added to the mixture heated to 85 ° C. as a catalyst at intervals of 45 minutes. After the last addition, the mixture is stirred for a further hour at 85-90 ° C., then 7.5 parts of sodium carbonate, 11.25 parts of 1-aminobenzene-4-sulfonic acid and 1 part of the product obtained according to Example 16 are added.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT84810326T ATE31993T1 (de) | 1983-07-08 | 1984-07-02 | Elektrisch leitende fuellmittel. |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH376683 | 1983-07-08 | ||
CH3766/83 | 1983-07-08 | ||
CH5153/83 | 1983-09-22 | ||
CH515383 | 1983-09-22 | ||
CH617/84 | 1984-02-09 | ||
CH61784 | 1984-02-09 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0131544A1 EP0131544A1 (de) | 1985-01-16 |
EP0131544B1 true EP0131544B1 (de) | 1988-01-13 |
Family
ID=27172246
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84810326A Expired EP0131544B1 (de) | 1983-07-08 | 1984-07-02 | Elektrisch leitende Füllmittel |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4554094A (no) |
EP (1) | EP0131544B1 (no) |
AU (1) | AU561786B2 (no) |
CA (1) | CA1217043A (no) |
DE (1) | DE3468769D1 (no) |
FI (1) | FI76102C (no) |
NO (1) | NO161224C (no) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4720418A (en) * | 1985-07-01 | 1988-01-19 | Cts Corporation | Pre-reacted resistor paint, and resistors made therefrom |
GB8622752D0 (en) * | 1986-09-22 | 1986-10-29 | Shell Int Research | Conductive polymer compositions |
US4711708A (en) * | 1986-10-09 | 1987-12-08 | Gas Research Institute | Chemically modified electrodes for the catalytic reduction of CO2 |
US4756807A (en) * | 1986-10-09 | 1988-07-12 | Gas Research Institute | Chemically modified electrodes for the catalytic reduction of CO2 |
DE3804381C2 (de) * | 1988-02-12 | 1993-10-28 | Sachsenwerk Ag | Ohmscher Spannungsteiler für eine Hochspannungsanlage |
DE4015929A1 (de) * | 1990-05-17 | 1991-11-21 | Asea Brown Boveri | Isolator |
US5366664A (en) * | 1992-05-04 | 1994-11-22 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Electromagnetic shielding materials |
DE9316606U1 (de) * | 1993-10-29 | 1994-11-24 | Siemens AG, 80333 München | Schleifring- bzw. Kommutatormotor |
CN1039506C (zh) * | 1994-09-12 | 1998-08-12 | 宝山钢铁(集团)公司 | 室内空间静电防治和泄漏方法 |
DE9415851U1 (de) * | 1994-09-30 | 1995-08-03 | Siemens AG, 80333 München | Schleifring- bzw. Kommutatormotor |
DE19500849A1 (de) * | 1995-01-13 | 1996-07-18 | Abb Research Ltd | Elektrisches Bauteil |
US20010014399A1 (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 2001-08-16 | Stanley J. Jasne | Conductive uv-curable epoxy formulations |
JP3032491B2 (ja) * | 1997-08-27 | 2000-04-17 | 大塚化学株式会社 | 印刷用シート |
US20060108567A1 (en) * | 2002-07-23 | 2006-05-25 | Charati Sanjay G | Conductive poly (arylene ether) compositions and methods of making the same |
US8999200B2 (en) * | 2002-07-23 | 2015-04-07 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Conductive thermoplastic composites and methods of making |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3538021A (en) * | 1968-05-07 | 1970-11-03 | Gen Motors Corp | Resistor composition |
US4252565A (en) * | 1976-04-08 | 1981-02-24 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Stabilized phthalocyanines |
GB1535434A (en) * | 1976-12-01 | 1978-12-13 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Flocculation inhibitors |
JPS5940172B2 (ja) * | 1977-10-28 | 1984-09-28 | 東洋インキ製造株式会社 | フタロシアニン顔料組成物 |
US4347173A (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1982-08-31 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Opaque black dye for color coding of wire enamels, varnishes and synthetic resins |
US4304719A (en) * | 1981-01-23 | 1981-12-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Conducting iodine-doped fluorometallophthalocyanines |
US4477608A (en) * | 1982-08-20 | 1984-10-16 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Compositions containing graphite |
-
1984
- 1984-06-29 US US06/626,508 patent/US4554094A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-07-02 EP EP84810326A patent/EP0131544B1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-07-02 DE DE8484810326T patent/DE3468769D1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-07-04 FI FI842682A patent/FI76102C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-06 CA CA000458288A patent/CA1217043A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-07-06 NO NO842777A patent/NO161224C/no unknown
- 1984-07-09 AU AU30390/84A patent/AU561786B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1217043A (en) | 1987-01-27 |
FI76102B (fi) | 1988-05-31 |
AU561786B2 (en) | 1987-05-14 |
FI842682A (fi) | 1985-01-09 |
AU3039084A (en) | 1985-01-10 |
NO161224C (no) | 1989-07-19 |
DE3468769D1 (en) | 1988-02-18 |
NO842777L (no) | 1985-01-09 |
US4554094A (en) | 1985-11-19 |
EP0131544A1 (de) | 1985-01-16 |
FI842682A0 (fi) | 1984-07-04 |
NO161224B (no) | 1989-04-10 |
FI76102C (fi) | 1988-09-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0131544B1 (de) | Elektrisch leitende Füllmittel | |
EP0745558B1 (de) | Fällungskieselsäuren, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Verwendung in vulkanisierbaren Kautschukmischungen | |
DE69934982T2 (de) | Teilchen mit gebundener halogenider gruppe und verfahren zu seiner herstellung | |
DE2624065A1 (de) | Neue magnesiumhydroxide | |
EP2995178A1 (de) | Additiv für lds-kunststoffe | |
DE102008058351A1 (de) | Oberflächenbehandelte Titandioxid-Pigmente für Kunststoffe und Verfahren zur Herstellung | |
DE60313200T2 (de) | ELEKTROLEITFuHIGE ZUSAMMENSETZUNG IN FLOCKENFORM UND ELEKTROLEITFuHIGE ZUSAMMENSETZUNG | |
DE69831916T2 (de) | Farbige Perlglanzpigmente | |
EP0675175B1 (de) | Kohlenstoffhaltige Pigmente | |
EP0511694A2 (de) | Elektrisch leitfähiger faseriger Füllstoff und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung | |
DE60038225T2 (de) | Oberflächenmodifizierer | |
DE69101599T2 (de) | 2,9-Dichlorochinacridon in Plättchenform. | |
DE3883859T2 (de) | Schnellkristallisierende Polyesterzusammensetzungen. | |
AU2012275786B2 (en) | Treated inorganic pigments having reduced photoactivity and improved anti-microbial properties and their use in polymer compositions | |
DE69932188T2 (de) | Gefärbte thermoplastische harzzusammensetzung und daraus hergestellte artikel | |
DE2632446C2 (no) | ||
DE60108888T2 (de) | Zusammen hergestellte gelbe pigmente | |
DE69737004T2 (de) | Kristallwachstumsmodifikatoren für Perylenpigmente | |
DE2855005A1 (de) | Flammhemmende thermoplastische polyesterzusammensetzungen mit verbesserter lichtbogenfestigkeit und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung | |
EP0176899A2 (de) | Mischkristallpigmente auf der Basis von Perylentetracarbonsäurediimiden, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung | |
DE19617039A1 (de) | Fällungskieselsäuren, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Verwendung von vulkanisierbaren Kautschukmischungen | |
KR102302537B1 (ko) | 무기물의 건식 개질방법 및 개질된 무기물을 이용한 생분해성 고분자 복합체 제조방법 | |
EP4150007B1 (de) | Farbmittel enthaltende zusammensetzungen, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung | |
DE2226672A1 (de) | Antimon enthaltende anorganische materialien und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung | |
JPS6041703A (ja) | 導電性充填剤並びにそれを含有する有機物質及び無機物質 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19840704 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 31993 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19880115 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3468769 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19880218 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO MILANO S.P.A. |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19900528 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19900529 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19900613 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19900614 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 19900618 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19900712 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
ITTA | It: last paid annual fee | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19900731 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 19900924 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19910702 Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19910702 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19910703 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19910731 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19910731 Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19910731 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: CIBA-GEIGY A.G. Effective date: 19910731 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Effective date: 19920201 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee | ||
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19920331 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19920401 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 84810326.3 Effective date: 19920210 |