EP0118805A2 - Combustible pour moteurs - Google Patents

Combustible pour moteurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0118805A2
EP0118805A2 EP84101752A EP84101752A EP0118805A2 EP 0118805 A2 EP0118805 A2 EP 0118805A2 EP 84101752 A EP84101752 A EP 84101752A EP 84101752 A EP84101752 A EP 84101752A EP 0118805 A2 EP0118805 A2 EP 0118805A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
methanol
fuel
hydrocarbons
weight
ethanol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84101752A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0118805A3 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Keim
Ewald Meisenburg
Heinrich Dr. Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Union Rheinische Braunkohlen Kraftstoff AG
Original Assignee
Union Rheinische Braunkohlen Kraftstoff AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Union Rheinische Braunkohlen Kraftstoff AG filed Critical Union Rheinische Braunkohlen Kraftstoff AG
Publication of EP0118805A2 publication Critical patent/EP0118805A2/fr
Publication of EP0118805A3 publication Critical patent/EP0118805A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fuels based on lower alcohols, which contain additions of mixtures of saturated C S hydrocarbons and mixtures of saturated C 4 hydrocarbons.
  • hydrocarbons used can also be partially unsaturated or consist of unsaturated hydrocarbons (column 5, lines 28-34).
  • Table 1 n-petane, isopentane and a C 4 cut which contain up to 20% butenes are indicated as additional components.
  • claims 5 and 6 can also Mixture of saturated C S hydrocarbons are used for the special case of fuel for aircraft engines.
  • US Pat. No. 2,365,009 also describes mixtures of ethanol with aliphatic C 3 -C S hydrocarbons, where the aliphatic hydrocarbons can be both saturated and unsaturated, and preferably isopentane (Claim 8 and Table 1) is admixed as the hydrocarbon.
  • the experts are aware of important fuel-specific disadvantages of the lower alcohols.
  • B. the poor cold start behavior, the driving behavior at low outside temperatures, unsatisfactory miscibility with hydrocarbons, especially at low temperatures and the wide explosion range when mixed with hydrocarbons.
  • the cold start problems are to be found in the low ignitability of the alcohols methanol and ethanol.
  • a measure of the ignitability is the vapor pressure of a fuel, which is measured at 37.7 ° C according to the so-called Reid test.
  • gasoline in the Reid test has a vapor pressure of 700 mbar, methanol on the other hand 350 mbar.
  • methanol on the other hand 350 mbar.
  • the explosion limits of pure methanol in air are 6.75 to 36.7 vol.%, So that there is an explosive fuel-air mixture in the vehicle tanks between + 15 ° C and + 25 ° C.
  • Additions of 6-9% by weight isopentane reduce the upper explosion limits to -7 ° C in summer and -20 ° C in winter, so that the safety problems are largely eliminated.
  • Isopentane is also characterized by excellent solubility in both methanol and ethanol, especially at low temperatures.
  • the best setting data for the vapor pressure of pure methanol turned out to be the upper vapor pressure values of the fuel standard DIN 51 600 with 700 mbar for summer and 900 mbar for winter fuel (Reid test).
  • isopentane (2-methylbutane) was therefore regarded as the optimal admixing component to date.
  • C 4 - and C S hydrocarbons such as those found in the refinery and primary chemicals production area, e.g. B. ethylene and benzene / toluene (BT) systems, are excellent despite different compositions of individual hydrocarbons, but in contrast to the prior art, only minor additions of unsaturated aliphatic compounds according to the present invention should be present.
  • B. ethylene and benzene / toluene (BT) systems are excellent despite different compositions of individual hydrocarbons, but in contrast to the prior art, only minor additions of unsaturated aliphatic compounds according to the present invention should be present.
  • the total amount of saturated C 4 and C 5 hydrocarbons can be 0.1 to 15% by weight, but a constant total amount of 1 to 12% by weight is preferred for summer and winter qualities.
  • the ratio of C 4 to C S hydrocarbons can be 1: 500 to 3: 1.
  • a ratio of C 4 : C 5 of 1: 1 to 1:20 is preferred.
  • non-C 4 or non-C hydrocarbons e.g. B. C 3 -, C 6 -, C 7 -hydrocarbons, as they are necessarily contained in technical fractions, can be contained in the fuel, regardless of whether it is non-aromatic or aromatic hydrocarbons.
  • the methanol quality previously used for methanol-based fuels is methanol processed by distillation, so-called pure methanol (absolutely pure or refined methanol). It is known to the person skilled in the art that high demands are made with regard to the purity of this methanol quality, a correspondingly high level of operational effort being required, particularly in the distillation area. Since certain technical problems occur in particular with methanol fuel, such as. B.
  • raw methanol contains up to approx. 5% by weight of water numerous impurities, such as. B. formaldehyde, methyl formate, formic acid, dimethyl sulfide, formaldehyde dimethyl acetal, iron pentane carbonyl and other carboxylic acids and their esters.
  • impurities such as. B. formaldehyde, methyl formate, formic acid, dimethyl sulfide, formaldehyde dimethyl acetal, iron pentane carbonyl and other carboxylic acids and their esters.
  • a crude methanol can also be used which is not distilled, but is topped off with removal of non-volatile impurities.
  • Fig. 1 the vapor pressure is shown in mbar in a temperature range from +30 ° to - 30 ° C.
  • vapor pressure curves with added isopentane are shown.
  • the quantities added are the desired Reid steam pressures (DIN standard) of 700 mbar for summer quality and 900 mbar for winter quality (at approx. 38 ° C), after which 5.5% by weight isopentane for summer quality and 8 for winter quality , 5% by weight of isopentane are to be added.
  • a total hydrocarbon amount of 7% by weight is used in the case of pure methanol and that of 5% by weight for summer and winter qualities in the case of raw methanol (see Table 2).
  • the vapor pressure of the winter quality drops undesirably strongly when isopentane is added, so that the required starting behavior at low temperatures is deteriorated.
  • the admixture of the C 4 / C 5 mixture according to the invention shows, surprisingly, significantly improved properties in both areas with perfect solubility of the components in one another and a required upper explosion point of -13 ° C. for summer quality and -25 ° C. for winter quality.
  • the fuel according to the invention has a uniform calorific value for summer and winter quality of 21.30 MJ / kg (see Table 3).
  • FIG. 2 shows, the behavior of the fuel according to the invention is when crude methanol and C 4 / C 5 carbons are used Adding hydrogen compared to adding isopentane to raw methanol is also much cheaper.
  • Table 1 Another unpredictable result of the present invention (Table 1) relates to the surprising environmental friendliness of the fuels according to the invention, with the use of raw methanol unexpectedly achieving significantly better results than when using pure methanol.
  • Table 4 shows an example of the data for summer and winter quality of an ethanol fuel according to the invention with a total hydrocarbon content of 8% by weight, the vapor pressure again being 700 mbar for summer quality and 900 mbar for winter quality.
  • Suitable corrosion inhibitors include a. e.g. B. those based on triazole, imidazole or benzoate.
  • emulsifiers such as glycols or their mono- and diether and others can be used.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Lens Barrels (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
EP84101752A 1983-03-10 1984-02-20 Combustible pour moteurs Withdrawn EP0118805A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3308433A DE3308433C1 (de) 1983-03-10 1983-03-10 Motor-Kraftstoff
DE3308433 1983-03-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0118805A2 true EP0118805A2 (fr) 1984-09-19
EP0118805A3 EP0118805A3 (fr) 1985-10-02

Family

ID=6193008

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84101752A Withdrawn EP0118805A3 (fr) 1983-03-10 1984-02-20 Combustible pour moteurs

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4801305A (fr)
EP (1) EP0118805A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59182894A (fr)
AU (1) AU544614B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8401087A (fr)
DD (1) DD230873A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3308433C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8500986A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO840888L (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5312542A (en) * 1979-08-29 1994-05-17 Talbert Fuel Systems, Inc Hydrocarbon fuel and fuel systems
JPH06108065A (ja) * 1992-01-31 1994-04-19 Mitsubishi Oil Co Ltd 内燃機関用ガソリン混合メタノール燃料
JPH06108066A (ja) * 1992-01-31 1994-04-19 Mitsubishi Oil Co Ltd 内燃機関用ガソリン混合メタノール燃料
WO1998011176A1 (fr) * 1996-09-11 1998-03-19 Tokai Corporation Combustible liquide pour dispositifs a combustion, et dispositif a combustion
JPWO2006134975A1 (ja) * 2005-06-17 2009-01-08 株式会社東芝 燃料電池用燃料、燃料電池用燃料カートリッジ及び燃料電池
US20080086934A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-04-17 Cunningham Lawrence J Protecting fuel delivery systems in engines combusting ethanol-containing fuels
US20080086933A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-04-17 Cunningham Lawrence J Volatility agents as fuel additives for ethanol-containing fuels
US20080086936A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-04-17 Cunningham Lawrence J Method and compositions for reducing wear in engines combusting ethanol-containing fuels
US20080168708A1 (en) * 2007-01-11 2008-07-17 Cunningham Lawrence J Method and compositions for reducing deposits in engines combusting ethanol-containing fuels and a corrosion inhibitor
EP2085460A1 (fr) * 2008-02-01 2009-08-05 She Blends Holdings B.V. Carburants pour moteur améliorés du point de vue de l'environnement
CN108504402A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2018-09-07 潍坊长润新能源有限公司 一种饭店通用型燃料配方

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB565831A (en) * 1940-12-19 1944-11-29 Standard Oil Dev Co Improvements in motor fuels
GB669037A (en) * 1940-12-19 1952-03-26 Standard Oil Dev Co Improved motor fuels

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2365009A (en) * 1940-12-19 1944-12-12 Standard Oil Dev Co Motor fuels
US2404094A (en) * 1944-01-01 1946-07-16 Standard Oil Dev Co Motor fuels
US2473439A (en) * 1947-01-11 1949-06-14 Distillers Co Yeast Ltd Motor fuel
US3591355A (en) * 1968-07-29 1971-07-06 I G Corp Industrial gas
US4383836A (en) * 1980-05-23 1983-05-17 Texaco Inc. Method for treating an aqueous ethanol mixture

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB565831A (en) * 1940-12-19 1944-11-29 Standard Oil Dev Co Improvements in motor fuels
GB669037A (en) * 1940-12-19 1952-03-26 Standard Oil Dev Co Improved motor fuels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4801305A (en) 1989-01-31
EP0118805A3 (fr) 1985-10-02
NO840888L (no) 1984-09-11
JPS59182894A (ja) 1984-10-17
AU544614B2 (en) 1985-06-06
ES530468A0 (es) 1984-11-01
AU2520384A (en) 1984-09-13
DD230873A1 (de) 1985-12-11
DE3308433C1 (de) 1984-07-05
ES8500986A1 (es) 1984-11-01
BR8401087A (pt) 1984-10-16

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: MUELLER, HEINRICH, DR.

Inventor name: MEISENBURG, EWALD

Inventor name: KEIM, KARL-HEINZ