Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
  • C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
  • C11D3/3907—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/3917—Nitrogen-containing compounds
  • C11D3/3922—Cyanamides

Definitions

• Inorganic per-compounds especially hydrogen peroxide and solid per-compounds, which dissolve in water to release hydrogen peroxide, such as sodium perborate and sodium carbonate perhydrate, have long been used as oxidizing agents for disinfection and bleaching purposes.
• the oxidizing effect of these substances in dilute solutions depends strongly on the temperature; For example, with H 2 0 2 or perborate in alkaline bleaching liquors, sufficiently quick bleaching of soiled textiles can only be achieved at temperatures above approx. 80 ° C. At lower temperatures, the oxidation effect of the inorganic per compounds can be improved by adding so-called activators, for which numerous proposals have become known in the literature.
• the present invention also aims to improve the oxidation and bleaching effect of inorganic per-compound at low temperatures, in particular in the temperature range from about 15 to 45 ° C.
• the cyanamide compounds of the formula I can be used as activators wherever a particular increase in the oxidation activity of inorganic per compounds at low temperatures is important, e.g. in the bleaching of textiles, hair or hard surfaces, in the oxidation of organic or inorganic intermediates and in disinfection.
• the use according to the invention consists in creating conditions under which hydrogen peroxide and the cyanamide compounds defined above can react with one another with the aim of obtaining secondary products which have a stronger oxidizing action. Such conditions exist in particular when the two reactants meet in an aqueous alkaline solution.
• the conditions can be varied widely depending on the intended use.
• mixtures of water and suitable organic solvents e.g. for use in disinfection or in the oxidation of intermediates, as a reaction medium.
• the pH of the reaction medium can be selected within wide limits, from the weakly acidic range (pH 4) to the strongly alkaline range (pH 13), depending on the application.
• the alkaline range from pH 8 to pH 11 is preferred since it is particularly advantageous for the activation reaction and the stability of the per compound formed.
• the activators according to the invention are also preferably used together with sodium perborate and sodium carbonate perhydrate, which already have pH values in this range in their solutions.
• the amount of activator used also depends on the application. Depending on the degree of activation desired, 0.05-1 mol, preferably 0.2-1 mol, of activator per mol of inorganic per-compound is used, but in special cases these limits can also be exceeded or fallen short of.
• the cyanamide derivatives according to the invention can be used for activation in pure form or, if this is expedient, for example to increase the storage stability, in special forms of supply, such as tablets, granules or in finely divided coated form (so-called prills). Liquid activators or solutions in organic solvents are suitable for machine dosing.
• the activators according to the invention can be combined with almost all the usual constituents of detergents and bleaches. In this way it is possible to build up means which are particularly suitable for textile treatment at low temperatures and also means which are suitable in several temperature ranges up to the traditional area of cooked laundry.
• the main constituents of such detergents and bleaches are, in addition to per-compounds and activators, builders and surfactants.
• other customary auxiliaries such as graying inhibitors, peroxide stabilizers, electrolytes, optical brighteners, enzymes, perfume oils, foam regulators and conditioning agents, can be present in these agents if this is expedient.
• customary builder substances are polymeric phosphates, salts of amino carboxylic acids, such as nitrilotriacetic acid, salts of polyphosphonic acids, such as hydroxyethane diphosphonic acid, salts of polycarboxylic acids, such as citric acid or polyacrylic acid and insoluble sodium aluminum silicates of the zeolite NaA and NaX type.
• Particularly suitable surfactants are those of the type of the nonionic and synthetic anionic surfactants.
• nonionic surfactants are the polyethylene glycol monoalkyl and polyethylene glycol monophenyl ethers produced from long-chain alcohols or alkylphenols and ethylene oxide.
• the anionic surfactants are primarily sulfates and sulfonates of long-chain compounds, for example alkylbenzenesulfonates, fatty acid ester sulfonates, alkanesulfonates, olefin sulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfates and sulfates of polyethylene glycol monoethers.
• agents which are used as additives to peroxide-containing or peroxide-free detergents are also suitable as formulations for the activators according to the invention for textile washing. They essentially contain the activator or a mixture of activator and per-compound and optionally further auxiliaries and additives, in particular stabilizers, pH-regulating agents and surfactants.
• agents intended for cleaning hard surfaces contain, in particular, surfactants, framework substances and, in the case of polishing and abrasive agents, abrasive components. Since these agents are often used at room temperature, the use of the activators according to the invention has a particularly advantageous effect on the bleaching and germicidal action.
• Disinfectants based on the activators according to the invention generally contain, in addition to these and inorganic per-compounds, further auxiliaries and additives, such as pH-regulating substances, stabilizers and surfactants. In special cases, they can additionally contain special microbicides which increase the very broad killing effect of the activated per-compound against certain germs.
• the use of the activators according to the invention is in no way limited to the use in the ready-made form of these described or other types.
• the focus is generally on the individual metering of reagents, since it is often the more cost-effective method.
• the known activators from the group of N-acetylamides activate inorganic per compounds in such a way that they acetylate the hydrogen peroxide released in solution from the per compounds to peracetic acid.
• the peracetic acid formed can be determined by iodometric titration in addition to H 2 0 2 .
• Table 1 contains the results obtained in this test with activators according to the invention and the known activator tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) at 30 ° C., expressed as a percentage of perborate deactivated. The values show that these activators according to the invention deliver an oxidizable secondary product at a similar rate to TEAD or faster than this.
• TAED activator tetraacetylethylenediamine

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

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• 1983
  • 1983-02-12 DE DE19833304848 patent/DE3304848A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1984
  • 1984-02-04 EP EP84101151A patent/EP0116887A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1984-02-06 US US06/577,114 patent/US4559158A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1984-02-13 JP JP59025934A patent/JPS59155499A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (3)

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