EP0092835A1 - Appareil à couper - Google Patents
Appareil à couper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0092835A1 EP0092835A1 EP83104047A EP83104047A EP0092835A1 EP 0092835 A1 EP0092835 A1 EP 0092835A1 EP 83104047 A EP83104047 A EP 83104047A EP 83104047 A EP83104047 A EP 83104047A EP 0092835 A1 EP0092835 A1 EP 0092835A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cutting device
- contact
- knife
- cutting
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
- B26D7/10—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
- B26F3/06—Severing by using heat
- B26F3/08—Severing by using heat with heated members
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/03—Heaters specially adapted for heating hand held tools
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/283—With means to control or modify temperature of apparatus or work
- Y10T83/293—Of tool
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrically heated cutting device for cutting rubber and plastics with a current-carrying knife made of flat material, which is essentially U-shaped with two legs, the free ends of which are connected to the two poles of a supply current source.
- the knife is designed in the form of a flat, U-shaped blade running in the cutting direction, the legs of which end in the connecting region in a V-shaped or acute-angled cutting edge.
- a cutting device enables waste-free cutting of rubber and plastics, provided the cutting point or the cutting line is freely accessible.
- the use of this known knife is difficult, if not impossible.
- the invention is based, an electrically heated cutting device the task to create the type mentioned, which also enables the cutting of material in hard-to-reach places.
- the cutting device according to the invention enables cutting even in hard-to-reach places, for example cutting out glued windows of motor vehicles.
- the leg located at the front in the cutting direction has a reduced width in the bend area and adjacent thereto, so that the greatest heating occurs in this area.
- This is particularly advantageous in the above-mentioned application of cutting out glued window panes, since in this case in the bending area, ie. H.
- a material accumulation occurs during cutting, which leads to rapid heat dissipation and thus to cooling of the knife.
- the heat distribution can be controlled very precisely by reducing the width of the leg at this point or at another point where, depending on the application, an increased heat dissipation occurs.
- a cooling device which cools the part of the knife lying outside the cutting area, so that a further heat concentration takes place on the cutting area itself, since the hotter areas of the knife have a greater resistance.
- the cutting device is preferably fed via lines connected to a supply current source, since otherwise the weight of the cutting device would become too great if a transformer were arranged in the cutting device.
- This requires switching the power supply of the knife in the circuit of the knife itself, ie on the secondary side of a transformer forming the supply current source.
- the switch is preferably designed in the form of an actuating lever which is biased in the direction of switching off and which carries a contact plate which is provided at one end with a contact which interacts with a fixed contact.
- This contact is connected, for example, to the feed line, and in this case the contact plate itself is connected to the one contact piece via a flexible wire. In this way, the two current transitions via contact surfaces required for other switches are avoided.
- the cooling device is preferably on and depending on the actuation of the switch disengageable, wherein see-e for this purpose in known detectors for the voltage drop across the secondary winding of the transformer and / or the current flowing on the secondary side stream prior g.
- recesses can be provided in the contact pieces in the area between the housing and the clamping plates clamping the knife, which reduce the heat transfer.
- the contact pieces are biased in a direction away from the cutting knife in their longitudinal direction in order to compensate for the greater thermal expansion of the more heating, the To achieve cutting edge having leg of the knife.
- the leg of the knife carrying the cutting edge is clamped to the associated contact piece with the aid of the clamping plate, while this contact piece is pulled out of the housing against the effect of the pretension.
- both contact pieces are resiliently prestressed into the interior of the housing, so that the cutting direction of the cutting device can be selected as desired in relation to the housing or the position of the switch.
- the cutter can be one in the middle arranged carrier in the form of a rod with a rectangular or square cross section made of heat-resistant insulating material, which is provided in the front region of the housing with axially extending grooves in which extensions of the contact pieces can slide.
- These extensions of the contact pieces have elongated holes, through which bolts fastened in the carrier run, onto which washers and nuts are placed above the extensions of the contact pieces, which are tightened to such an extent that the extensions of the contact pieces can be moved in the grooves of the carrier becomes.
- the contact pieces are connected to the feed lines via flexible strands that do not hinder the movement of the contact pieces.
- the housing When using a substantially centrally arranged carrier, the housing can be designed as a sleeve and pushed over the carrier, so that the housing can be fastened to the narrow sides of the carrier by screws which are screwed into threaded holes in the carrier. This results in a very compact and robust structure that enables very high cutting forces.
- the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the electrically heated cutting device has a housing 1, to which contact pieces 2 are fastened, which interact with clamping plates 3 in order to clamp a knife 6.
- the clamping plates 3 are pressed with the aid of screws 4, 5 against the knife resting on the contact pieces 2 and result in a secure electrical contact.
- Electrical feed lines 9, 10 and a hose 11 extend through the housing and feed a cooling device to be explained with cooling air.
- the feed line 9 is connected directly to the one contact piece 2, while the other feed line 10 can be connected to the other contact piece 2 via a switch which can be actuated by an actuating lever 8.
- the switch consists of a contact plate 11 embedded in the actuating lever 8, which is connected to the associated contact piece 2 via a flexible wire 12 and has a contact which is in contact with a fixed contact 13 when actuated of the operating lever can be brought into contact.
- the actuating lever is biased by a spring 14 such that the circuit from the feed line 10 to the associated contact piece 2 is interrupted.
- the knife 6 extends the free end of a cooling tube 7 which is provided with air outlet openings directed towards the clamping plates and the knife.
- the Hose 11 cooling air is fed into the cooling tube 7, so that parts of the knife 6 which are not in cutting engagement are cooled.
- the areas of the knife that are outside the actual interface are kept at a low temperature, so that due to the increase in resistance in the other areas of the knife, the heat output is concentrated in these other areas.
- the knife 6 has an angled section 6a which can run at any angle to the rest of the area of the knife.
- the case of a right-angled bend shown in the drawings represents only a special case which is suitable, for example, for the application case already mentioned of cutting out glued motor vehicle windows. .
- the width of the front in the cutting direction of the blade leg 6b in Bie - supply area, and adjacent thereto is reduced, so that here a heat concentration occurs. This is particularly advantageous because a material accumulation occurs in this area during cutting, which results in a comparatively greater heat dissipation.
- this reduction in width can be provided in addition to the bending area on other areas of the leg lying in the cutting direction, so that a appropriate adaptation of the knife to the cutting conditions and the heat dissipation occurring here is possible.
- the reduction in the width results in a cutting tip in the bent region 6a, which facilitates the penetration of the knife into the material to be cut.
- the bent region 6a connecting the two legs 6b and 6c of the knife can either be of an isosceles acute angle or asymmetrical in accordance with FIG. 4b, as shown in FIG. 3b, depending on the application.
- the contact pieces 2 are provided with cutouts, which are shown in FIG. 2 as circular openings 15. These openings 15 significantly reduce the heat transfer through the contact pieces, but do not lead to a substantial increase in the resistance of the contact pieces, the dimensions of which are mainly determined by the mechanical stresses occurring during cutting. These bores 15, in particular in connection with the cooling air from the cooling tube 7, result in a substantial reduction in the heating of the housing 1.
- the feeding of the cooling air into the hose 111 can be controlled as a function of the actuation of the switch via the feed circuit of the knife, whereby the cooling air supply when switched off if necessary interrupted or reduced in amount.
- FIGS. 5 to 8 show a further embodiment of the cutting device which is suitable for use with straight as well as curved knives.
- This embodiment of the cutting device differs from the above-described embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in particular in that the contact pieces 2a are not fastened to the housing 1a itself, but rather slidingly on a carrier 100 which is arranged essentially centrally in the housing 1a is, are led.
- this carrier has a square, for example rectangular, cross section and is provided with grooves 106 in which extensions 101 of the contact pieces 2a are guided. These extensions have elongated holes 101a, through which screw bolts 103 protrude, which are screwed into threaded holes in the carrier 100.
- the extensions 101 self-locking nuts 104 are screwed onto the bolts 103, wherein sliding washers are arranged between the nuts 104 and the extensions 101, which enable the extensions 101 to be displaced in the longitudinal direction.
- the extensions 101 On their ends facing away from the contact pieces 2a, the extensions 101 have longitudinal bores 107 which open into the rear elongated hole 101a. Springs are inserted into these longitudinal bores 107, which are supported at their rear ends by flexible strands 12a and 12b fastened in the extensions 101. The front one The end of these springs 107 is supported against the respective bolts 103, so that the contact pieces are biased towards the rear into the housing.
- the cutting knife is clamped with the aid of the clamping plates 3a and the screws 4 in such a way that the contact piece carrying the cutting leg of the knife is pulled out of the housing against the pretension of the spring 107, so that the leg having the cutting edge also in the case of one due to the heating caused expansion by the action of the spring 107 is always kept taut and a flawless clean cut is possible.
- the free ends of the flexible strands 12a, 12b are fastened in a contact plate 11a forming part of the switch or in a fixed connecting piece 13b.
- the contact plate 11a forms part of the switch already described, which, however, is also modified compared to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the actuating lever 8a is fastened to the contact plate 11a via a spring leaf 110 and two screws 111, 112, the screw 111 being screwed through a hole in the spring leaf into a threaded hole in the actuating lever 8a , while the screw 112 is screwed through an elongated hole in the spring leaf into the contact plate 11a.
- the contact plate 11a is pivotably mounted in a U-shaped bracket 120 with the aid of a screw 121.
- the bracket 120 is held on the carrier 100 in the same way as all other components of the cutting device.
- the feed lines 9 and 10 are screwed to the connecting pieces 13a, 13b.
- the carrier 100 furthermore has threaded bores 105 which are offset by 90 ° around the longitudinal axis with respect to the extensions 101 of the contact pieces 2a, 2b and are used for fastening the sleeve-shaped housing 1a.
- This housing has a recess 113 which is largely adapted to the outline of the actuating lever 8a of the switch.
- the operating lever 8a has a rounded edge at its front end which can engage with a narrow side of the recess 113 under the action of a cam.
- the cutting device can be operated in continuous operation without actuating the actuating lever 8a.
- the circular openings 15 of the embodiment according to FIG. 2 are replaced by a large number of smaller bores 15a in the contact pieces 2a. This results in an increased strength with low heat conduction to the handle.
- FIG. 7 also shows an embodiment of a cooling device 7a in the form of a bent tube with openings which are directed towards the legs of the cutting knife.
- this curved cooling air tube in the interior of the housing 1a can be provided with small bores 117 which guide part of the air flow into the interior of the housing of the handle and cool it, so that it is pleasant even in continuous operation Handling is guaranteed.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Details Of Cutting Devices (AREA)
- Scissors And Nippers (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Knives (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT83104047T ATE18739T1 (de) | 1982-04-26 | 1983-04-25 | Schneidgeraet. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3215503A DE3215503A1 (de) | 1982-04-26 | 1982-04-26 | Elektrisch beheiztes schneidgeraet |
DE3215503 | 1982-04-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0092835A1 true EP0092835A1 (fr) | 1983-11-02 |
EP0092835B1 EP0092835B1 (fr) | 1986-03-26 |
Family
ID=6161967
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83104047A Expired EP0092835B1 (fr) | 1982-04-26 | 1983-04-25 | Appareil à couper |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4539467A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0092835B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS591200A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE18739T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3215503A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2261624A (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1993-05-26 | British Gas Plc | Cutting device |
DE102016202487A1 (de) | 2015-02-26 | 2016-09-01 | Franz Holzer | Werkzeug zum spanlosen Schneiden von Gummi |
Families Citing this family (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3414671A1 (de) * | 1984-04-18 | 1985-10-24 | Inovan-Stroebe GmbH & Co KG, 7534 Birkenfeld | Klebeband-besaeumgeraet |
EP0335950A4 (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1991-01-02 | Vinidex Tubemakers Pty. Ltd. | Cutting of plastic sheet |
SE8804629D0 (sv) | 1988-12-22 | 1988-12-22 | Ab Haessle | New therapeutically active compounds |
US5159865A (en) * | 1992-02-11 | 1992-11-03 | The Boeing Company | Vibration driven hot knife for separating bonded assemblies |
US5824984A (en) * | 1997-03-31 | 1998-10-20 | Morrow; John A. | Portable electric wire cutter |
US6119567A (en) * | 1997-07-10 | 2000-09-19 | Ktm Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for producing a shaped article |
US5889257A (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-03-30 | Challenge Products, Inc. | Heated dental knife |
US6928911B1 (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2005-08-16 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Method and apparatus for cutting tire ply stock |
CA2454619A1 (fr) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-02-06 | Pinchas Shalev | Rasoir electrique reel |
US7170034B2 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2007-01-30 | Radiancy Inc. | Pulsed electric shaver |
GB2415404B (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2006-11-29 | Carglass Luxembourg Sarl Zug | Blade for a cutting tool |
US20070006468A1 (en) * | 2005-07-06 | 2007-01-11 | Christopher Davies | Cutting device |
US20060011024A1 (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2006-01-19 | Radiancy, Inc. | Electric shaver with heated cutting element and with deodorant dispenser |
AU2003212643A1 (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-09-30 | Radiancy Inc. | Electric shaver with vibrating head |
CN1780571A (zh) * | 2003-03-13 | 2006-05-31 | 雷蒂安西公司 | 带有可拆卸的热切割头的电动剃刀 |
EP1796497B1 (fr) * | 2004-07-06 | 2008-11-26 | Radiancy Inc. | Rasoir a prechauffage capillaire |
EP1778044B1 (fr) * | 2004-07-06 | 2008-10-08 | Radiancy Inc. | Rasoir electrique comprenant un element eliminant les debris, et son utilisation |
JP4567053B2 (ja) * | 2004-07-06 | 2010-10-20 | レイディアンシー インク. | 改良された電気シェーバー |
US7874074B1 (en) | 2006-04-06 | 2011-01-25 | Rodriguez-Vega Jesus M | Automobile windshield removal tool |
US8650760B2 (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2014-02-18 | Guy A. Van Alstine | Heated cutting blade, cutting head, and blade mounting structure |
EP2723210B1 (fr) * | 2011-06-22 | 2018-05-02 | ICTV Brands, Inc. | Appareil d'élimination des poils et de suppression d'une repousse de ceux-ci |
WO2013009279A1 (fr) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-17 | Van Alstine Guy A | Lame, tête, monture et procédé exigeant moins de courant |
BRMU9102446U2 (pt) * | 2011-11-21 | 2014-03-25 | Santos Valmir Jeronimo Dos | Faca térmica para manteiga e derivados |
CN110293603B (zh) * | 2019-05-08 | 2021-07-20 | 江苏大学 | 可实现套料加工的自恢复形状记忆合金热熔刀头 |
USD1006072S1 (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2023-11-28 | Safe Life Defense, L.L.C. | Heated cutting tool |
US11794367B2 (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2023-10-24 | Yu-Yang Tseng | Cold knife holder capable of pushing and pulling operation |
USD964836S1 (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-09-27 | Yu-Yang Tseng | Cold knife holder |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1515265B1 (de) * | 1964-11-10 | 1969-11-20 | Volkswagenwerk Ag | Beheiztes Trennmesser für thermoplastische Kunststoffe |
DE1943189B1 (de) * | 1969-08-25 | 1971-07-15 | Zaengl Gmbh | Elektrisch beheiztes Schneidgeraet zum Schneiden von Gummi und Kunststoff |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1584371A (en) * | 1925-08-12 | 1926-05-11 | Miller Rubber Co | Method of severing rubber |
US1834555A (en) * | 1929-12-12 | 1931-12-01 | Goodrich Co B F | Knife |
US2200322A (en) * | 1936-08-15 | 1940-05-14 | Walter A Arnesen | Cautery handle |
US2310844A (en) * | 1941-04-09 | 1943-02-09 | Walter A Draeger | Electric knife with changeable points |
US2314865A (en) * | 1941-05-31 | 1943-03-30 | Rca Corp | Heating device |
US2430496A (en) * | 1944-04-11 | 1947-11-11 | Celanese Corp | Heated cutter for plastics |
US2421125A (en) * | 1945-03-16 | 1947-05-27 | Krebs Paul | Low voltage hot knife |
US2476612A (en) * | 1946-08-07 | 1949-07-19 | Webster A Lobdell | Electrically operable burning instrument |
DE846881C (de) * | 1951-03-25 | 1952-08-18 | Herth & Buss | Elektrisches Loetgeraet |
AT185569B (de) * | 1952-05-12 | 1956-05-11 | Herbert Dr Funck | Vorrichtung zum Schweißen von thermoplastischen Stoffen |
DE1213596B (de) * | 1961-12-23 | 1966-03-31 | Windmoeller & Hoelscher | Vorrichtung zum Trennschweissen thermoplastischer Kunststoffschlaeuche oder aufeinanderliegender Kunststoffolien |
US3263540A (en) * | 1964-05-27 | 1966-08-02 | Dow Chemical Co | Apparatus for slitting plastic film |
US3522661A (en) * | 1968-04-01 | 1970-08-04 | Robertshaw Controls Co | Pneumatic control system and method |
US3558854A (en) * | 1968-11-07 | 1971-01-26 | Pace Inc | Miniature electric soldering iron |
FR2097352A5 (en) * | 1970-07-03 | 1972-03-03 | Sopara | Thermoplastics cutting blade - with electrical resistance heating |
US3992605A (en) * | 1974-04-23 | 1976-11-16 | Hans Kraus | Electrically heated parting tool for removing windshields |
-
1982
- 1982-04-26 DE DE3215503A patent/DE3215503A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1983
- 1983-04-25 US US06/488,276 patent/US4539467A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-04-25 DE DE8383104047T patent/DE3362658D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-04-25 AT AT83104047T patent/ATE18739T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-04-25 EP EP83104047A patent/EP0092835B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1983-04-26 JP JP58073671A patent/JPS591200A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1515265B1 (de) * | 1964-11-10 | 1969-11-20 | Volkswagenwerk Ag | Beheiztes Trennmesser für thermoplastische Kunststoffe |
DE1943189B1 (de) * | 1969-08-25 | 1971-07-15 | Zaengl Gmbh | Elektrisch beheiztes Schneidgeraet zum Schneiden von Gummi und Kunststoff |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2261624A (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1993-05-26 | British Gas Plc | Cutting device |
DE102016202487A1 (de) | 2015-02-26 | 2016-09-01 | Franz Holzer | Werkzeug zum spanlosen Schneiden von Gummi |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS591200A (ja) | 1984-01-06 |
EP0092835B1 (fr) | 1986-03-26 |
US4539467A (en) | 1985-09-03 |
DE3362658D1 (en) | 1986-04-30 |
DE3215503A1 (de) | 1983-11-03 |
ATE18739T1 (de) | 1986-04-15 |
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Legal Events
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