EP0089018B1 - Procédé de fabrication en continu de nappes renforcées au moyen de fibres - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication en continu de nappes renforcées au moyen de fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0089018B1
EP0089018B1 EP83102367A EP83102367A EP0089018B1 EP 0089018 B1 EP0089018 B1 EP 0089018B1 EP 83102367 A EP83102367 A EP 83102367A EP 83102367 A EP83102367 A EP 83102367A EP 0089018 B1 EP0089018 B1 EP 0089018B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process according
needled
web
particles
needling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83102367A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0089018A1 (fr
Inventor
Günter TESCH
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TESCH, GUENTER HORST
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Individual
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Priority to AT83102367T priority Critical patent/ATE20254T1/de
Publication of EP0089018A1 publication Critical patent/EP0089018A1/fr
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Publication of EP0089018B1 publication Critical patent/EP0089018B1/fr
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/485—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with weld-bonding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/488—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with bonding agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the continuous production of fiber-reinforced webs according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Fiber-reinforced webs are made from a wide variety of elastic materials, whereby in addition to the use of raw materials, waste material is increasingly used.
  • DE-B 1 038 266 discloses a process for the production of porous material consisting of textile fibers, in particular textile waste and binders, in which the textile fibers aggregate into small units in the dry state and these fiber bales are circulated in a drum with a liquid, are sprayed into droplet-shaped binder so that it adheres to the surface of the fiber bales in a punctiform manner, whereupon a further hardening of the resulting mass sprays a hardening agent and then the mass is shaped, dried and hardened.
  • FR-A 1 455313 (British Nylon Spinners Ltd.) (cf. AT-A 298392 and US-A 3 506 529) a method is known in which a three-layer web is formed by the fact that a flexible foam layer between two nonwoven fabrics placed and the structure created in this way is needled.
  • a foam layer can e.g. be a polyester-polyurethane foam sheet.
  • Such a layer has its own inner cohesion even before it is inserted between and needling with the two fiber layers.
  • a generic method is known from DE-A 2 855 059. There, a process for the continuous production of fiber-reinforced webs is described, in which a core layer of particles is placed between an underlay layer and a cover layer as outer layers, at least one of the two outer layers consisting of actively needled fibers. These three layers are needled together.
  • Fine-grained or fibrous solid active substance particles are used as the material for the core layer, which may include comminuted leather, peat, tree bark or synthetic foam particles. All of these particles can be easily pierced by the needling needles when needling the three layers, some of these particles break apart when needling, i.e. larger particles are divided into two or more smaller particles. As a result, however, the particle size in the needled core layer cannot be predetermined.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic method by which granules of an elastic, non-foamed material, in particular waste material, can be processed to a fiber-reinforced covering material web with its own internal cohesion.
  • needling single fibers or tufts of fibers are pierced from a layer containing fibers on another layer by means of barbed needles, into which the other layer gets stuck when the needles are withdrawn, thereby connecting the layer containing fibers to the other layer.
  • a prerequisite for performing the needling technique is therefore the presence of a layer of "actively needled substances", i.e. a layer that consists of fibrous structures that can be used to carry out the needle process or contains such structures.
  • the other layer, into which the actively needlable fibers are introduced must at least be passively needlable, i.e. it must be able to hold the fibers inserted into it.
  • passively needle-punched layer can itself be actively needle-punchable, but passively needle-punchable layers can also be known to be formed by woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, spunbonds, foils made of plastic or paper or the like.
  • both the top layer and the underlayer can also be constructed in multiple layers.
  • the underlayer can consist of a plastic film and a non-woven fabric, e.g. the film faces the core layer.
  • elastic, non-foamed granulate material e.g. from vulcanized rubber, whether from waste rubber waste or whether it is specially produced for this purpose, synthetically produced, non-foamed elastomers or granules provided with or without binders and obtained from needle felt floor coverings as a core layer between two outer layers can be needled between them.
  • the fiber-reinforced, elastic web formed in this way has its own internal cohesion and can now also be handled without a support and / or support surface - floating.
  • Such a sheet can be used as an elastic floor for sports and playgrounds, this non-set or non-vulcanized sheet being applied to the floor to be covered, which previously was e.g. has been provided with an adhesive layer to give the web adhesion to the surface.
  • This web adhering to the ground is e.g. then with a liquid binder, e.g. impregnated with a two-component adhesive such as polyurethane, whereupon the actual setting takes place when the web is installed.
  • the needling of the three layers means that the particles which are not connected to one another or the mass of the core layer are not only held between the two outer layers, but are also prevented from moving substantially in the plane of the web.
  • the solid particles evenly distributed during the factory production and introduced with a constant layer thickness thus remain in their defined position even without setting or vulcanization. This also applies if openings, such as punched-out areas, slots or the like, are introduced into the non-set or non-vulcanized web transversely to its plane of extent.
  • the grain size of the granulate particles is selected depending on the desired final thickness of the web. According to a preferred embodiment, the grain size is at most 5 mm. However, it is also possible to needle larger granules; then the stitch density, i.e. the number of needle punctures per unit area should be chosen smaller and needling needles of a larger diameter should be used.
  • the granules are made from vulcanized rubber, that is, granulated. It can be processed rubber waste that is obtained from old car tires or the like, for example. On the other hand, a rubber mixture specially produced for the intended use can be vulcanized and granulated. It is possible to add certain desired additives to the masticated rubber mixture. A mixture of waste rubber with properties determined therefrom and separately produced rubber with desired properties can also be used as the core layer. The waste rubber used can also contain reinforcing fibers, such as cord inserts or the like.
  • fillers such as sand particles or the like can also be added to such a core layer, a needled web offering such a mixture a cohesion which, in the case of a known web, is only obtained by solidification, for example by vulcanization.
  • the core layer consists of rubber granulate and / or fillers and foamable elastomers, the foaming of the elastomers also being able to be carried out much later.
  • foamable elastomers can be in granular or spherical form and e.g. rubber or plastic provided with blowing agents.
  • the rubber particles and, if appropriate, the filler particles have been provided with a coating before being introduced between the two outer layers, this coating consisting, according to one embodiment, of a binder which can be activated under heat and / or pressure and which is only after needling the web is activated.
  • this coating consists of one component of a two-component binder, the second component of this binder being introduced into the web in liquid or powder form at the earliest after needling the web, preferably only at the point of use of the web.
  • a web provided with one component of the binder can be rolled out on sports fields, whereupon the second component of the binder is then sprayed or sprinkled on.
  • the coating of the particles consists of a lubricant, so that when the needling needles are inserted, they can slide along the particles more easily and these particles can evade the needles by moving them slightly to the side.
  • this lubricant can evaporate or evaporate, in particular with the addition of heat, but such a lubricant can also cause crosslinking between the individual rubber particles or can slowly penetrate into the granulate without significantly changing its properties.
  • a lubricant can e.g. Being water.
  • the elastic, non-foamed granulate particles can also be coated with a swelling agent, as a result of which the surface of the granulate particles swells more or less deeply.
  • This swelling makes it easier for the needling needles to penetrate the core layer, since the surface of the granulate has not only become softer, but particles that are stuck to the barbs of the needling needles are torn out of the granulate without the latter itself changing its position significantly.
  • This swelling agent is preferably removed again after needling, this e.g. can be carried out under subsequent hot calendering.
  • a granulate that is obtained by granulating needle felt floor coverings can also be regarded as an elastic, non-foamed material that forms the core layer.
  • the so-called edge strips in which there are irregularities due to their edge position, are usually cut off as the last step.
  • areas of the floor covering that fall below a certain quality value of the floor covering and are therefore to be regarded as waste.
  • the elasticity of such a needle felt floor covering which was previously regarded as non-reusable waste, can now be exploited in that these waste strips or surfaces form a granulate with a grain size of e.g.
  • Granulated 2 to 5 mm which is used as a core layer in the inventive method.
  • These granules are preferably in the form of fiber lumps, which are preferably at least partially bonded with a rubber latex binder. If a top layer with coarse, actively needled fibers, e.g. with a fiber titer of 100 dtex, and these coarse fibers with a low basis weight are deposited on the core layer, whereupon these fibers are actively needled, the granules of the core layer between these fibers remain visible. This gives a web which can in turn be used as a carpet, with an optically appealing walking side being obtained, in particular if the granules have different colors.
  • the elastic properties of this sheet essentially correspond to those of the sheets of rubber granules described above.
  • the needled webs containing rubber or carpet granules and optionally fillers can be impregnated or acted upon with a binder, be it at the factory or at the later place of use, this binder being latex, liquid rubber, bitumen, modified polyurethane, a thermoset or even building cement .
  • a binder being latex, liquid rubber, bitumen, modified polyurethane, a thermoset or even building cement .
  • such a web can also be impregnated or acted on with a solvent, with crosslinking being produced between the individual rubber components.
  • the needled web is pressed or calendered, in particular compression-molded or embossed calendered, this being carried out before vulcanizing or at the same time for vulcanizing the web.
  • Vulcanization can be carried out in a known manner, e.g. be carried out under heat and / or pressure.
  • At least the holding fibers connecting the two outer layers are fully integrated into the vulcanizing rubber compound during the vulcanization process.
  • liquid rubber has been applied to a needled web and if this web is vulcanized under pressure, at least the outer layer on the feed side of the liquid rubber is incorporated into the rubber mass, so that this e.g.
  • Fibers or a layer containing tissue is no longer visible on the vulcanized web.
  • the outer layer comprising fibers or e.g. to form the fabric with such a thickness that only these fibers or the fabric are visible there even after the vulcanization process, and the web thus has a textile character.
  • An interesting structure can be achieved if the fiber layer is selected so that after the vulcanization process the fibers remain visible on the outside, the middle layer containing rubber remains recognizable between the fibers.
  • the same also applies to the web into which the textile waste has been incorporated, with an interesting color effect being achieved, in particular, if textile waste of different colors is used and this still shows through after needling.
  • the needled web can also be shaped, in particular wound, after which the web is then vulcanized or set in this form.
  • shrinkable fibers are used as the actively needable fibers under the action of heat and a shrinking process is carried out after the needling of the web, whereby the core layer is further compressed.
  • the webs described above can be used as a carpet. Compared to conventional carpets, mostly from the underlayer with latex or the like. are applied, whereby the fibers are additionally bound for needling, there is now a carpet web in which the additional binding is not applied from the outside, but is introduced as a core layer before the needling.
  • the core layer comprising the elastic material seems more or less through this cover layer.
  • the cover layer can also be made so tight that the core layer containing the elastic material, such as rubber granules or the like, is not visible at all, so that a web according to the invention thus gives the impression of a conventional needle felt floor covering, which, however, can be more elastic than known floor coverings.
  • the e.g. Fibers of the top layer, which is the walking side, lying on the rubber granules represent a sliding surface for the web, which essentially consists of rubber, while the rubber core layer prevents water and dirt particles from penetrating into the web or penetrating the web.
  • a base layer 2 is placed on a conveyor device, here a conveyor belt 1, to which the core layer 4 is applied, metered here by a discharge device 3.
  • a discharge device 3 On this core layer 4 actively needled fibers, here in the form of a fiber fleece 5, are placed, after which this three-layer system is fed to a needle machine 6.
  • Such needle machines 6 are known from textile needle felting technology (see, for example, Krcma, Textile Composites, pages 139 to 141).
  • the system to be needled here the three-layer system
  • the system to be needled is guided over a base plate 7 provided with holes.
  • a needle board 9 carrying the needling needles 8, which continuously moves up and down so far (double arrow 10) that the needle tips 11 in their lowest position have usually completely penetrated the object to be needled while they are in their have no contact with the uppermost position on the object to be needled.
  • the object to be needled in this case the three-layer system, can be shifted clockwise in the feed direction (arrow 12), while it has to stand still during the actual needling.
  • the needling needles 8 have at least one - here two - barbs 13 on their shank, with which they grip individual fibers or tufts of fibers and pull them into the object to be needled, or pull them through it.
  • the needles 8 move back, the entrained fibers loosen or tufts of fibers from the barbs 13 and remain in the passively needled layer, here the base layer 2 and the core layer 4.
  • the needle boards 9 While now in needling in the textile industry, in the production of needle felt carpets, which have a final thickness of e.g. 4-6 mm, the needle boards 9 have a plurality of needles arranged close together and this needle board e.g. can be moved at a speed of 700 strokes per minute, the needling 8 in the needle board now has to be done when needling elastic, non-foamed materials, such as rubber granules, foamable elastomers, masticated rubber skins or carpet granules, to which fillers such as sand particles may have been added 9 enlarged and the number of strokes can be greatly reduced.
  • needling elastic, non-foamed materials such as rubber granules, foamable elastomers, masticated rubber skins or carpet granules, to which fillers such as sand particles may have been added 9 enlarged and the number of strokes can be greatly reduced.
  • a layer containing the aforementioned materials can also be fed to a needle process, the needles sliding along the rubber or filler particles and possibly shifting them slightly sideways. This sliding along and lateral displacement is facilitated if the particles are provided with a coating which facilitates sliding.
  • the needling of the three-layer system reduces the thickness thereof, since on the one hand the layer 5 containing fibers is compressed by the needling, on the other hand this fiber layer 5 and, depending on the design, also the underlay layer 2 in the edge areas of the Core layer due to the elasticity of its material is pulled in or pressed in.
  • the elastic material of the core layer itself is compressed somewhat and remains under a certain tension. Due to the elasticity of these particles, the contact areas between individual particles are enlarged, since the surfaces of the same can yield. Due to this compression, the subsequent vulcanization of the web consisting of individual granules is facilitated even if liquid binders such as latex or liquid rubber are not additionally added.
  • the needled, elastic web is passed between two calender rolls 14 and 15, with which the vulcanization can be carried out, in particular if they are heated.
  • the two calender rolls 14 and 15, pressing the web between them and exerting a pressure of 2-5 bar / cm 2 on them, are pressed towards one another.
  • the elastic web 16 emerging from the calender rolls has a thickness which is not significantly less than the thickness of the web 16 before the calender rolls, since the elastic material expands again after calendering.
  • FIG. 2 now shows a needled web 16 having rubber particles 17 and filler particles 18 in an enlarged and schematic representation, it being evident that the underlayer 2 with the cover layer 5 is needled over the holding fibers 19 which extend through the core layer 4 .
  • an actively needled fiber fleece is used as the underlayer 2 and as the cover layer 5.
  • the web 16 is needled here from both outer sides, which can be seen from the “fiber funnels” 20 that form at the piercing points of the needling needles 8. In these fiber funnels 20, fiber ends and fiber parts of fibers that are not gripped by barbs 13 are also partially drawn.
  • the holding fibers 19 penetrating the web 16 are distributed unevenly over the surface of the web, which is why in practice only very few holding fibers 19 can be seen when cutting through such a web.
  • FIG. 3 now shows a needled, elastic web in which foamable elastomers 21 and filler particles 18 have been needled, whereupon the elastomers have been foamed by activating the blowing agent.
  • the foamed elastomers 21 not only completely fill the spaces between the filler particles 18, but also result in the fibers located in the outer layers 2 and 5 being pressed outwards, which leads to a small surface structure of the web having small curvatures.
  • the foaming process can also be carried out in a double belt press, so that the foaming of the elastomers 21 is opposed by a further, then external resistance.
  • the foamed elastomers 21 are hatched in FIG. 3. Although this looks there, the holding fibers 19 are not passed through the elastomers 21, but they have only been completely enveloped by them during foaming.
  • This molding press e.g. a double belt press, had a flat, closed surface on one press side, as a result of which the lower side of the web in FIG. 4 was given a smooth surface, while the other press side had a flat surface in which a multiplicity of openings were provided at a distance from one another , so that the web was pressed less strongly in the area of these openings than in the adjacent areas.
  • the vulcanized web thereby receives the knobs 22 shown in FIG. 4, which protrude beyond the surface of the web 16. In the area of these knobs 22, the web 16 is somewhat more elastic than in the adjacent areas.
  • such a web 16 has a character that may be textile on both sides. If such a sheet is placed on a particularly smooth and slippery surface, there is a risk that it will slip relative to one. This can now be remedied by cutting off the upper part of a knob 22, as shown in FIG. 4 with the help of the knob on the right, as a result of which the vulcanized rubber layer emerges outwards in this region. If such a web 16 with its cut-off knobs 22 is now placed on a smooth floor in such a way that the protruding knobs come to rest on this floor, i.e. exactly the opposite, as shown in the drawing, the cut-off knobs serve as anti-slip devices.
  • FIG. 5 now shows a needled, elastic web 16 onto which a needle felt web 23 has been needled. Holding fibers 24 removed from the needle felt web 23 were needled into the elastic web 16, as a result of which the two webs are mechanically connected to one another. This needling of the two webs 16 and 23 can be carried out both before vulcanizing the elastic web 16 and after vulcanizing the same.
  • a masticated rubber sheet provided with vulcanizing agents is introduced between the underlay layer and the cover layer, whereupon these three layers are needled together.
  • a path can now be clear, i.e. can be handled without a base or backing layer, without the risk that the rubber skin changes in thickness, tears or tears.
  • the feed then takes place, e.g. in the form of a belt conveyor or from a roll.
  • a further embodiment which can be produced with a plant according to FIG. 1, consists in introducing and needling granules of a grain size of 2-3 mm between the two layers 2 and 5 as the core layer, which is granulated from needle felt floor covering. Such granules are in the form of fiber lumps and some still contain rubber latex.
  • the cover layer 5 is covered by coarse fibers, e.g. Dorix fibers are formed, which are not laid down to cover the core layer.
  • the core layer consisting of needle felt floor covering granules shines through the cover layer.
  • different colored granules e.g. A pattern is obtained from different batches of carpet production.
  • deposits can also be introduced before the Vernadein. It is thus possible not to apply the core layer by means of a discharge device 4, but to provide several of them and to insert cord threads made of synthetic material or also steel threads between these discharge devices of the core layer. These threads can be needled as described above for the fillers.
  • metal platelets can also be introduced as an insert, in which case care must be taken when needling that no needles are pierced in the area of these metal platelets.
  • the threads or the metal plates are previously processed accordingly, so that there is an adhesive effect between the rubber masses and the inserts during vulcanization.
  • Rubber granulate with a grain size of 1 mm and a weight per unit area of 3.7 kg / m 2 was placed on one of the non-woven fabrics as an underlayer, covered with the other non-woven fabric and needled with a stitch density of 24 punctures / cm 2 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (25)

1. Procédé de fabrication en continu de bandes renforcées à la fibre, dans lequel une couche centrale de particules est posée entre une couche de base et une couche de couverture servant de couches extérieures, au moins l'une des couches extérieures se composant de fibres activement aiguilletables, de sorte que les trois couches sont aiguilletées l'une à l'autre, caractérisé en ce que la couche centrale est formée de particules granulés élastiques non expansées, non à même d'être percées par les aiguilles d'aiguilletage, et en ce que les fibres de retenue sont introduites entre les particules granulées.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les couches sont aiguilletées au moyen de fibres de retenue prélevées de la couche de couverture et de la couche de base.
3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les granulés sont produits à partir de caoutchouc vulcanisé.
4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que des charges, telles que du sable particulaire ou analogues, sont mélangées avec la couche centrale avant l'aiguilletage.
5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la couche centrale se compose de granulés de caoutchouc et/ou de charges et d'élastomères expansables, non à même d'être percés, élastomères qui sont expansés après l'aiguilletage.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les élastomères expansables sont sous une forme granulée ou sphérique.
7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une matière synthétique ou du caoutchouc pourvu d'un agent moussant est utilisé comme élastomère ex- pansable.
8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les particules de caoutchouc et le cas échéant les particules des charges sont revêtues d'un enduit avant l'insertion entre les deux couches extérieures.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les particules sont revêtues d'un liant activable par l'action de la chaleur et/ou de la pression.
10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le liant est activé avant l'aiguilletage de la bande.
11. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement est l'un des constituants d'un liant à deux constituants et en ce que le deuxième constituant est appliqué au plus tôt après l'aiguilletage.
12. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les particules sont enduites d'un lubrifiant.
13. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les particules sont additionnées d'un agent gonflant.
14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'agent gonflant est éliminé après l'aiguilletage, de préférence par calandrage à chaud.
15. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le granulés sont produits par granulation de tapis de sol de feutre aiguilleté.
16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que ces granulés se composent de petits bouts de fibres liés de préférence au moins en partie à un liant de latex.
17. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce qu'une couche de couverture non entièrement recouvrante est utilisée avec des fibres grossières, activement aiguilletables et en ce que ces fibres grossières sont activement aiguilletées.
18. Procédé selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que les fibres grossières sont déposées sur la couche centrale et aiguilletées et en ce que leur poids par unité de surface est tellement faible que la couche centrale est visible entre ces fibres.
19. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce que la bande aiguilletée est impregnée ou enduite d'un liant.
20. Procédé selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que du latex, du caoutchouc liquide, un thermoplastique, à savoir du polyéthylène, des bitumes élastomères ou analogues sont utilisés comme liant.
21. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce que la bande aiguilletée est impregnée ou enduite d'un solvant.
22. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce que la bande aiguilletée est pressée ou calandrée, en particulier pressée au moule ou calandrée au moule.
23. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 22, caractérisé en ce que la bande aiguilletée est vulcanisée, liée ou durcie en particulier par l'action de chaleur et/ou de pression.
24. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 23, caractérisé en ce que la bande aiguilletée est façonnée, en particulier enroulée, et le cas échéant est vulcanisée sous cette forme, voire liée.
25. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 24, caractérisé en ce que des fibres rétrécissables sous l'action de la chaleur sont utilisées comme fibres activement aiguilletables et en ce qu'un procédé de contraction est réalisé après l'aiguilletage de la bande.
EP83102367A 1982-03-12 1983-03-10 Procédé de fabrication en continu de nappes renforcées au moyen de fibres Expired EP0089018B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83102367T ATE20254T1 (de) 1982-03-12 1983-03-10 Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von faserverstaerkten bahnen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH154182 1982-03-12
CH1541/82 1982-03-12

Publications (2)

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EP0089018A1 EP0089018A1 (fr) 1983-09-21
EP0089018B1 true EP0089018B1 (fr) 1986-06-04

Family

ID=4212826

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EP83102367A Expired EP0089018B1 (fr) 1982-03-12 1983-03-10 Procédé de fabrication en continu de nappes renforcées au moyen de fibres

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EP (1) EP0089018B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS58167152A (fr)
AT (1) ATE20254T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU563936B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1241533A (fr)
DD (1) DD208638A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3363879D1 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ203527A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4122993A1 (de) * 1991-07-11 1993-01-14 Naue Fasertechnik Verfahren zur verbesserung des faserverbundes von vernadelten wasser- und/oder oelundurchlaessigen dichtungsmatten

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4217441C2 (de) * 1992-05-26 1995-09-21 Tesch Guenter Polyvinylchlorid enthaltendes Flächengebilde, insbesondere ein Fußbodenbelag
DE4244250C2 (de) * 1992-12-27 1997-05-22 Guenter Tesch Abriebfester, faserverstärkter Bodenbelag, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung
JP2001121655A (ja) * 1999-08-18 2001-05-08 Araco Corp 合成樹脂積層板及びその製造方法
DE202010008043U1 (de) * 2010-07-12 2010-11-11 Öl-Jäger Vertriebs Gmbh Öl-Adsorptionsmatte

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2855059A1 (de) * 1977-12-24 1979-07-05 Breveteam Sa Flaechenhafter, biegsamer schichtkoerper zum behandeln von gasen oder fluessigkeiten, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und seiner verwendung
EP0071209A2 (fr) * 1981-07-27 1983-02-09 Günter TESCH Procédé pour la fabrication de corps plats renforcés de fibres qui contiennent un liant durcissable

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2429486A (en) * 1944-12-23 1947-10-21 Bigelow Sanford Carpet Co Inc Punched felt floor covering and process of making the same
FR1412117A (fr) * 1963-10-19 1965-09-24 Lantor Ltd Tissu composite et son procédé de fabrication
BE668528A (fr) * 1964-08-19 1900-01-01
LU68710A1 (fr) * 1972-10-31 1974-01-08

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2855059A1 (de) * 1977-12-24 1979-07-05 Breveteam Sa Flaechenhafter, biegsamer schichtkoerper zum behandeln von gasen oder fluessigkeiten, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und seiner verwendung
EP0071209A2 (fr) * 1981-07-27 1983-02-09 Günter TESCH Procédé pour la fabrication de corps plats renforcés de fibres qui contiennent un liant durcissable

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4122993A1 (de) * 1991-07-11 1993-01-14 Naue Fasertechnik Verfahren zur verbesserung des faserverbundes von vernadelten wasser- und/oder oelundurchlaessigen dichtungsmatten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3363879D1 (en) 1986-07-10
ATE20254T1 (de) 1986-06-15
AU1219283A (en) 1983-09-15
NZ203527A (en) 1991-02-26
AU563936B2 (en) 1987-07-30
DD208638A5 (de) 1984-04-04
EP0089018A1 (fr) 1983-09-21
JPS58167152A (ja) 1983-10-03
CA1241533A (fr) 1988-09-06

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