EP0084627B1 - Dispositif pour comprimer du matériel de moulage pour fonderies - Google Patents

Dispositif pour comprimer du matériel de moulage pour fonderies Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0084627B1
EP0084627B1 EP82110996A EP82110996A EP0084627B1 EP 0084627 B1 EP0084627 B1 EP 0084627B1 EP 82110996 A EP82110996 A EP 82110996A EP 82110996 A EP82110996 A EP 82110996A EP 0084627 B1 EP0084627 B1 EP 0084627B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
pressure vessel
diaphragm
valve
bellows
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP82110996A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0084627A1 (fr
Inventor
Alfons Ing. grad. Köbel
Werner Geiger
Norbert Ing. Grad. Damm
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BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH
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BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for compressing foundry molding material, which is loosely heaped over a model in a closed molding space, consisting of a molding box with filling frame and a model plate, by means of compressed gas acting on the molding material surface, which comes from a high pre-pressure chamber Pressure-generating pressure vessel is suddenly released into the mold space via a valve arranged between it and the mold space.
  • a large number of mechanical, pneumatic and combined compression methods are known for the compression of foundry molding material, only the pneumatic methods being of interest in connection with the invention. These can essentially be divided into two categories. In the first category, the molding material is placed under gas pressure in a pre-pressure chamber and, after opening a valve, is blown or injected into the molding chamber together with the air. In any case, this process requires mechanical re-pressing of the molding material in the molding box with significant press forces (e.g. DE-B-26 53 788).
  • the molding material is poured onto the model loosely and then pressurized with compressed air from the back of the mold (e.g. DE-B-28 44 464, DE-B-1 961 234).
  • compressed air up to 7 bar is blown in once or more times over a period of time between 0.2 and 1 s via openings in a hollow end plate of the molding space, the air flowing through the molding sand should flow out through openings in the model plate.
  • a molding machine for carrying out the method is described (DE-B-1 961 234 and DE-A1-2151 949), in which a pressure vessel forming the pre-pressure space is arranged above the molding box, which is closed downwards by the model plate, or a filling frame arranged above it, which can be connected to the molding space via a mechanically moved valve.
  • the valve of the known device is a poppet valve which has a combined pneumatic-mechanical auxiliary drive and closes an opening of a relatively small cross-section between the pressure vessel and the molding box.
  • a distributor cone is further provided under the valve opening and above it is a perforated floor extending over the entire surface of the molding space or, in another variant, an adjustable slot floor (DE-A1-2151 949).
  • a plurality of openings are provided in the model plate (DE-B-1961 234) through which the compressed gas can flow out. These openings naturally represent a constant source of interference, since they clog with molding material after a short period of operation.
  • the closure member of the valve is opened into the pre-pressure space. This means that the opening drive must work against the form. With the required high pressure gradient, a correspondingly high opening speed must also be ensured. These circumstances require extremely complex drives and also a small mass for the closure member, thus a small valve cross section, which in turn, however, is not sufficient gas mass throughput is possible.
  • the object of the invention is to develop the device mentioned at the outset in such a way that a high pressure gradient and gas mass throughput can be achieved with little effort for the valve drive.
  • the valve has an elastically deformable, membrane-like closure member which releases the opening cross section of the valve predominantly under the effect of the pressure in the pressure vessel in a few milliseconds.
  • elastically deformable closure members have the advantage of a low mass and can therefore be accelerated quickly.
  • the holding force for such an elastic closure member can be applied in various ways, for example by inherent stability, by control air or the like ...
  • the closure member designed as a membrane lies in the closed position sealingly against the edge of the opening in the pressure vessel.
  • the entire free cross section of the opening is accordingly closed by the membrane.
  • a tried and tested embodiment is characterized in that the membrane is clamped on the edge above the opening and inside the pressure vessel to form an annular flow cross-section for the compressed gas and in the closed position under the effect of control air acting on its inside while shutting off the flow cross-section and plant on Opening edge of the pressure vessel is bulged like a balloon.
  • the flow cross-section between the edge-side clamping of the membrane and the opening of the pressure vessel should be equal to or larger than the free cross-section of the opening, so that a rapid overflow of the compressed gas is possible.
  • the control air is only used for balloon-like inflation of the membrane and is blown off for the purpose of releasing the flow cross-section, for example by only opening one blow-off valve in the control air circuit.
  • the pressure of the compressed gas acting on the membrane in the area of the flow cross section forces the membrane out of the area of the flow cross section in the shortest possible time.
  • the space on the inside of the membrane is expediently connected to a control air line which can be closed by means of a pinch valve.
  • This pinch valve can have a cross-sectional area that allows the control air to be blown off quickly and easily.
  • the closure member consists of a plurality of elastic membranes arranged parallel to one another and parallel to the axis of the opening, of which two each delimit a part of the opening cross section and can be brought into the closed position by means of compressed air in which they abut one another.
  • This closure member works similarly to several pinch valves arranged side by side.
  • the membrane is designed as a tear membrane and clamped between the molding box and the pressure vessel. It is designed in such a way that it is either opened arbitrarily or involuntarily when the pressure in the pressure vessel rises when the desired pre-pressure is reached.
  • the tear membrane is weakened for the purpose of opening the opening in defined areas which are arranged such that when the membrane is torn open under the action of the compressed gas, the membrane is retained as a coherent part. This avoids, in particular, that parts of the membrane are thrown onto the molding material surface when tearing open and thereby either interfere with the compression process at this point or lead to disturbances in further processes to which the mold is subjected after compression.
  • the tear membrane in the area of the opening of the pressure vessel is supported by a grid with a large grid dimension. Before opening the opening in the area of each grating opening, it is weakened or separated on only three sides. On the one hand, the grating prevents the membrane from bulging too much in the mold space and the resulting excessive load, on the other hand, the grille gives the possibility of weakening or separating the tear membrane only at defined points, so that the membrane also after tearing is present in a coherent part and can be removed from the area of the opening without residue after the work cycle.
  • a cutting device is arranged above the tear membrane, the cutting tools of which are arranged in the grid of the grid such that, for example, only three sides of each grid opening are assigned a cutting tool.
  • the cutting tools can be arranged on a lattice frame movably guided in the pressure vessel, which does not or not appreciably impedes the flow of the compressed gas.
  • the cutting device, the cutting tools of which act as a base against the individual lattice bars, has the advantage that a defined sectional view is obtained, that is, the membrane is always torn open at the same points by the action of the compressed gas.
  • the grid-forming rods on their top heating conductors which are arranged, for example, on three sides of each grid opening and can be switched on to release the opening of the pressure vessel.
  • a crosswise arrangement of the cutting tools or the heating conductor can also be provided as long as only the torn open membrane is retained as a coherent part.
  • the material of the membrane is caused to melt or flow by the action of heat, so that there is no complete cut, but only a weakening of the membrane on the corresponding lattice bars.
  • the membrane is then torn open by the compressed gas at these weakening points and the full cross section is released.
  • heating conductors are embedded in the tear membrane, which can be switched on to release the opening of the pressure vessel. These heating conductors are also arranged so that the membrane is retained in coherent parts.
  • the tear membrane is part of an elastic endless web which can be pulled off a supply spool on one side of the molding box in the working cycle of the device by means of a reel arranged on the other side of the molding box. After each work cycle and opening of the valve, a new section of the endless web is thus pulled over the molding space and then clamped between the molding box and the filling frame by moving it to the opening edge of the pressure vessel.
  • the membrane-like closure member is a hose arranged coaxially with the opening, the cross section of which is adapted or adaptable to the cross section of the opening of the pressure container, which is clamped at one end at a distance above the opening of the pressure container within the same and which projects into this opening with its other end and can be pressed against the opening edge by means of a closing mechanism acting on its peripheral edge.
  • the hose is accordingly stretched as a cylindrical structure within the pressure vessel and closes the opening of the pressure vessel at its periphery.
  • the closing mechanism which can act on the hose from the inside or outside, the hose collapses inwards and releases the flow cross-section previously closed by it to the opening of the pressure vessel.
  • plastics or rubber provided with reinforcing inserts are considered as materials, which are nevertheless sufficiently flexible. The flexibility is supported by the extensive training.
  • a sealing seat which widens towards the molding box is arranged at the opening edge and the closing mechanism has a clamping ring which can be raised against it and clamps the end of the hose between itself and the sealing seat.
  • This clamping ring leaves a sufficiently free passage cross section for the compressed gas and only needs to be lowered in the millimeter range in order to give the hose the opportunity to collapse.
  • a stroke drive arranged in the pressure container can be provided as the drive for the clamping ring.
  • a scraper ring is arranged above and inside the hose, which can be lowered into the area of the sealing seat after each opening of the opening.
  • the clamping ring is lifted back into its position which grips the end of the hose and presses against the sealing seat.
  • the membrane-like closure member is a bellows which is attached at one end to the pressure vessel, locked at its other end above the opening edge and closed at this end.
  • the bellows acts as a piston due to its frontal closure. By arranging its one end above the opening edge, the compressed gas can come into effect on the bellows at this end, so that after releasing the locking of the bellows, the compressed gas is suddenly raised or compressed, the compressed gas acting on the entire piston surface.
  • Such bellows can be made from thin-walled sheet metal or from flexible materials and have great fatigue strength. They are therefore particularly suitable for the purpose according to the invention.
  • the opening movement is preferably supported in that the bellows is under tension in the closed position, so that it contracts at the moment of unlocking and the compressed gas can quickly come into effect as a further accelerating force.
  • the bellows can have a flange at its end facing the opening, on which a locking device engages on the outside, the bellows being closed at this end by a membrane.
  • a membrane has the advantage of a relatively low mass, which is favorable in terms of high acceleration.
  • a lifting drive can be provided which, after the locking device engages, returns to its starting position, thus not influencing the opening movement of the valve.
  • the bellows stands on the inside the atmosphere. This enables resistance-free compression of the bellows during the opening process.
  • support tubes can be provided within the bellows, one of which is connected to the end facing the opening, that is to say it is carried along when the bellows moves.
  • a hose can also be provided, which is arranged, fastened, pretensioned, locked and accelerated in the same way.
  • the valve has an annular opening surrounding the filling shaft, which creates the connection between the pressure vessel and a space arranged between the slide and the filling frame, on the inner wall of which a corresponding annular sealing seat is arranged and on the outer wall of which is arranged against the sealing seat and can be pressed as a diaphragm-like sealing member.
  • the compressed gas is not released directly from the pressure vessel through the opening onto the free surface of the molding material, but rather via the ring opening into the space above the molding space.
  • the advantage of this device is that the molding material can be filled in centrally.
  • the valve closure and its acceleration can also easily take place within the required limit data, since, due to the large diameter of the ring opening, a relatively small stroke of the closure member is sufficient.
  • the closure member is either designed as a bellows, which is acted upon on the outside with control compressed air and bulges inwards until it rests on the sealing seat, or as a hose, which then inflates with one half into the ring opening. To open the valve, only a blow-off valve in the control air circuit is opened, so that the annular bellows or the hose are pushed back under the action of the compressed gas and release the ring opening.
  • the pressure vessel expediently surrounds the filling shaft in an annular manner and opens out into the annular opening of the valve via an annular opening.
  • a mold box 2 sits on a model plate 1 with the model (not shown) and a filling frame 3 on this. These parts form the mold space. Above the molding space there is a pressure vessel 4 for receiving pressurized gas up to 20 bar, which is fed via a nozzle 5 from a pressure accumulator or - at low admission pressure from the compressed air network.
  • the pressure vessel has an opening which is arranged centrally in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 and whose inside width corresponds approximately to the free horizontal cross section of the filling frame 3. Attached to the pressure vessel 4 is an extension 38 which extends the opening 6 downward, against which the unit consisting of fashion plate 1, molding box 2 and filling frame 3 can be pressed from below.
  • the opening edge 7 of the opening 6 forms a sealing seat for a valve denoted overall by 8, which has an elastic closure member 9.
  • the elastic closure member 9 is designed as a membrane 10 which is inflatable like a balloon and, when inflated, lies tightly against the opening edge 7 in the pressure vessel 4. Furthermore, a plurality of support strips 11 are arranged within the extension 38, against which the membrane 10 bears in the inflated state.
  • the membrane 10 is clamped with its edge 12 at a distance above the bottom of the pressure vessel 4.
  • a ring 13 supported on the ground and a plate 14 are used, which are clamped together by means of screws while clamping the edge 12 of the membrane 10.
  • the plate 14 is held by a centrally arranged tube 15, which in turn is fastened in the lid 16 of the pressure vessel 4.
  • This pipe establishes the connection between the inside of the membrane 10 and a compressed gas source, not shown, which supplies the control air for closing the valve 8.
  • a pinch valve 17 is arranged, which can be closed or vented via a three-way valve 18.
  • a fitting with soft transitions is arranged, against which the membrane 10 can bear.
  • the membrane 10 bulges outwards and lies sealingly against the opening edge 7.
  • the pressure vessel 4 is filled with compressed gas up to 20 bar.
  • the molding unit consisting of molding box and filling frame is pressed against the lower edge of attachment 38 on pressure vessel 4.
  • the hose pinch valve 17 is closed at the latest during the filling process of the pressure container 4.
  • the hose pinch valve 17 opens automatically under the effect of the pressure prevailing in the tube 15, so that the compressed gas in the pressure vessel 4 suddenly pushes back the membrane 10 via the annular flow cross-section 19 between the ring 13 and the bottom of the pressure vessel , so that it bears against the contour of the fitting at the lower end of the tube 15.
  • the compressed gas can then relax through the opening 6 into the molding space and have a compressing effect on the molding material surface.
  • the compression effect is based on a combined piston-like pressurization and a fluidization process with dynamic pressure development.
  • the opening times of the membrane 10 are in the millisecond range, provided only the cross section of the tube 15 and the pinch valve 17 is large enough to suddenly blow off the locking air. Likewise, the outflow cross section for the control air of the pinch valve must be correspondingly large. With this construction, a pressure gradient of greater than 300 bar / s can be achieved within the molding space.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which a filling shaft 20 with a filling funnel 21 for the molding material is arranged above the molding space consisting of molding box 2 and filling frame 3 is.
  • the filling shaft 20 can be closed relative to the molding space by means of a slide 52 or the like. Between the slider 52 and the filling frame 3, an enlarged housing extension 38 is arranged in the axial direction.
  • the pressure vessel 4 is annular and surrounds the filling shaft 20 which passes through it centrally.
  • the pressure vessel 4 has an annular opening 22 which is concentric with the filling shaft 20 and which connects to an annular opening 23 in the region of the slide 52.
  • This ring opening 23 surrounds the filling shaft 20 or the extension 38 only on a part of its circumference, which, however, should be as large as possible. For example, the ring opening 23 is only missing on the side on which the slide 52 is extended.
  • the ring opening 23 opens into the shoulder 38 via a conical section 24.
  • valve 8 has an annular bellows 25 which delimits a control air channel 26 to the ring opening 23.
  • a sealing seat 27 which surrounds the filling shaft 20 and which cooperates with the closure member in the form of the annular bellows 25.
  • control air is blown out of the channel 26, so that the annular bellows 25 is pushed back under the action of the pressure gas present in the pressure vessel 4 and turned inside out.
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment in which the section of a pressure-resistant hose 28 is clamped in the axial direction within the container 4.
  • One end is clamped between a ring 29 and the flange 30 of a support tube 31, while its lower end hangs into the opening 6 of the pressure vessel 4.
  • an annular sealing seat 32 is attached, which widens conically downwards.
  • a clamping ring 33 is arranged inside the hose 28 and can be raised and lowered by means of a lifting drive 34. In the lowered position, the hose 28 can hang into the opening 6. When the clamping ring 33 is raised, the hose is then clamped between it and the sealing seat 32.
  • the clamping ring 33 is slightly lowered.
  • the pressure gas contained in the pressure vessel 4 then compresses the hose 28 inwards and the pressure gas can suddenly escape into the mold space 2, 3 via the clamping ring 33.
  • a scraper ring 53 is provided, which is arranged concentrically within the hose 28 and is lowered after relaxation, so that the hose 28 is pushed outwards again and with its lower end in the opening 6 protrudes. Then the clamping ring 33 is raised again so that the hose 28 can be clamped again.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show an exemplary embodiment in which the closure member 9 is formed from a tear membrane 35, ie is destroyed during the opening process.
  • This tear membrane 35 is part of an endless belt 36, which is wound on one side of the molding space formed from the filling frame 3 and the molding box 2 on a supply spool 37 and is pulled off by a reel 39 by one membrane length in each working cycle.
  • the endless web 36 moves between an attachment 40 on the filling frame 3 and a sealing ring 41 in the region of the opening 6 of the pressure vessel 4. The gap is sealed against the endless web when the molding box 2 is pressed by pressing the attachment 40.
  • a grating 42 is arranged within the attachment 40, the grating bars 43 of the membrane resting on the top side. As can be seen from Figure 5, the grid 42 has a wide grid dimension.
  • a cutting device 44 is arranged inside the pressure vessel 4, which consists of a grid frame 45 which serves as a carrier for a plurality of cutting tools 46.
  • the cutting tools 46 are arranged in such a grid that they weaken or split the tear membrane 35 on three sides of a grid opening. These dividing lines are designated by 47 in FIG. 5 and drawn out a little more strongly.
  • such a cutting tool is missing on each side 48 of each grid opening, so that the parts of the membrane corresponding to the grid grid remain there as continuous tabs on the endless web 36.
  • FIG. 5 there is no separation of the membrane in the area of the lattice bars 43, so that the webs of material remaining there keep the flaps formed in connection with the endless web 36.
  • the lattice girder 45 of the cutting device 44 is guided on rods 49 within the pressure vessel 4 and can be raised and lowered by means of a pusher drive 50, so that the cutting knives can be lowered onto the tear membrane 9 from the rest position shown in FIG.
  • an undamaged section of the endless web 36 is drawn in between the mold space and the pressure container by means of the winding reel 39.
  • model plate 1, molding box 2, filling frame 3 and attachment 40 are started against the sealing ring 41 by clamping the endless web or the tear membrane 35 against the pressure vessel 4, and then the pressure vessel 4 is filled with compressed gas.
  • the lattice frame 45 is lowered with the cutting tools 46 until they meet the tear membrane 35 and weaken it at least to such an extent that it tears open at these points to form the tabs indicated in FIG. The entire cross section of the opening 6 is thus suddenly available for the pressure increase in the molding space.
  • the molding space is lowered with the attachment 40 and an undamaged section of the endless web 36 is drawn over the attachment 40.
  • the cutting tools can also be provided to embed heating conductors on the upper side 51 of the bars 43 in accordance with the grid of the cutting tools 46. Since the tear membrane 35 rests tightly under the action of the compressed gas on the top of the bars 43, heat is transferred quickly, so that the elastic membrane at the points of the heating conductors is quickly weakened by melting, vaporization or burning of the material and in accordance with the sectional view of FIG Figure 5 tears open.
  • the heating conductors can in particular be designed as PTC elements, the limit temperature of which is only slightly above the melting temperature of the tear membrane, so that a thermally self-regulating device of robust construction is provided. In both embodiments, deviating from the described arrangement of the cutting tools or the heating conductor, a crosswise arrangement can also be provided, only sufficiently wide material webs having to be retained in all directions between the individual arrangements.
  • the heating conductors can also be embedded within the endless web 36, it being possible for the current to be supplied via the supply reel 37 or the winding reel 39.
  • FIG. 6 shows two further embodiments which have a structure similar to that according to FIG. 3.
  • a bellows 55 is arranged within the pressure vessel 4, which is attached at one end 56 to the cover 16 of the pressure vessel 4 by a ring 57.
  • the bellows 55 has a flange 58. It is also closed at this end by a membrane 59 or the like.
  • the interior 60 of the bellows 55 is in free communication with the atmosphere via an opening 61 in the cover 16 of the pressure container 4.
  • a sealing ring 62 is inserted, which is firmly connected to one of the two parts.
  • a support tube 63 is also attached.
  • a support tube 64 fastened to the cover 16 of the pressure container 4.
  • the flange 58 of the bellows 55 is approximately at the level 65, from which it can be moved by means of a lifting drive 66 into the closed position shown in the pulled-out position, while at the same time being set under tension.
  • a locking device acts on the flange 58, of which only two bolts 67 are shown.
  • the latches 67 are released so that the bellows rises under the effect of the pretension and is then accelerated into the position indicated by 65 under the action of the compressed gas on the membrane 59, as a result of which the entire cross section of the opening 6 is suddenly released.
  • the bellows 55 is replaced by a hose 68, which is at least partially applied to a support tube 69 and which is pushed together after opening the latch 67 under the action of the elastic prestress and the gas pressure. Otherwise, the other structure is the same as in the bellows shown in the left half. Only the lower support tube 63 is missing.
  • FIG. 7 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the desired rapid release of the entire cross section of the opening 6 takes place with the aid of an electrical surge discharge.
  • the high forces and accelerations that can be achieved in this way are used, for example, when shaping metals (transploder technology) to produce high air velocities (plasma wind tunnel) and the like. Like. Used. Since this technique is known, only those details which relate directly to the invention are dealt with here.
  • the circuit essentially has a capacitance, an inductance and an interrupter switch. The capacitor is charged when the switch is open. Closing the switch creates an induction flow.
  • the inductance is arranged as a primary coil 70 around the opening 6 of the pressure vessel 4.
  • On the primary coil 70 is - optionally with the interposition of a sealing ring - a valve plate 71 acting as a secondary coil made of electrically conductive but non-magnetic material, which at the lower end of an elastic holder, for. B. a rolling membrane 72 is attached. This in turn is attached to an open support tube 73.
  • the sealing force of the valve is generated by the pressure present in the pressure vessel 4 and acting on the back of the valve plate 71.
  • the actual closure member for the opening cross-section to be released is formed by the tubular structures 28, 68 and 71, respectively, which are formed by means of a further component (33 in FIGS. 3, 58, 67 in FIG. 6 and 71 in Fig. 7) held in the closed position and either only under the action of the compressed gas (Fig. 3) or with its supportive action (Fig. and 7) with an initially effective auxiliary drive (55 in Fig. 6 or internal stress of 68 in Fig. 6, 70, 71 in Fig. 7).
  • Figures 3, 6, 7 only show exemplary embodiments of this principle.
  • FIG. 8 shows a variant of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. Therefore, only the differences are dealt with here.
  • the control air line consists of a simple compressed air hose 74 which is passed through the pressure vessel 4 and opens out via a connection piece in the space behind the membrane 3.
  • a ventilation nozzle 75 is also connected to this space and is closed with a valve of any type - here a valve flap 76.
  • the ventilation nozzle 75 opens behind the valve flap with an opening 77 in the pressure vessel.
  • the space behind the membrane is filled with compressed gas at a higher pressure than the pressure vessel 4 via the compressed air hose 74 and the membrane 9 is thus kept closed.
  • By opening the valve flap pressure equalization occurs between the pressure vessel 4 and the space behind the membrane 9, which at the same time lifts off from the sealing seat 7.
  • the closure member 9 consists of a plurality of membranes 80 arranged side by side, which in the opening position shown in broken lines run approximately parallel to the axis of the opening 6.
  • Two membranes 81, 82 are stretched between lower strips 83, which pass through the opening 6 of the pressure vessel 4, and upper strips 84, which are arranged in alignment over the lower strips 83, by connecting them to the strips 83 at their longitudinal edges by means of clamping strips 85 or 84 are attached.
  • a sufficiently large opening cross section remains between the strips 83 and 84, respectively.
  • chambers 86 are formed, which are connected to one another and connected to a control compressed air line 87.
  • the chambers 86 are connected to a flap valve 88, via which the control compressed air in the compressed air container 4 can be relieved.
  • the mode of operation is essentially the same as in the embodiment according to FIG. 8, but the closed position is produced by abutment of diaphragms 81, 82 which lie opposite one another.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (31)

1. Dispositif pour serrer du sable de fonderie déversé en vrac sur un modèle, dans une unité de moulage fermée composée d'un châssis (2) avec une rehausse (3) et d'une plaque-modèle (1), au moyen d'un gaz sous pression dont l'effet s'exerce sur la surface du sable, ce gaz étant détendu brusquement dans l'unité de moulage, à partir d'un réservoir (4) formant un compartiment amont haute pression et par l'intermédiaire d'une soupape (8), montée entre ce dernier et l'unité de moulage précitée, caractérisé en ce que la soupape (8) présente un organe de fermeture élastique (9) en forme de membrane, qui dégage en quelques millisecondes la section d'ouverture de la soupape précitée, sous l'effet prédominant du gaz sous pression contenu dans le réservoir (4).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de fermeture (9), représenté par une membrane (10), s'applique en position de fermeture sur le rebord (7) de l'ouverture (6), pratiquée dans le réservoir sous pression (4).
3. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la membrane (10) est fixée sur son rebord, au-dessus de l'ouverture (6) et à l'intérieur du réservoir (4), en formant une section de passage annulaire pour le gaz sous pression, cette membrane se gonflant en position de fermeture, sous l'effet de l'air instrument qui s'exerce sur sa face interne, en bloquant la section de passage précitée et en s'appliquant sur le rebord d'ouverture (7) du réservoir (4).
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le compartiment situé sur la face intérieure de la membrane (10) est relié à une conduite d'air instrument (15) et présente une fermeture, une soupape péristaltique (17) par exemple ou autres.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de fermeture (9) se compose de plusieurs membranes élastiques (80) parallèles entre elles et à l'axe de l'ouverture (6), ces membranes limitant deux par deux (81, 82) une partie de la section d'ouverture et étant amenées par de l'air comprimé en position de fermeture, dans laquelle elles s'appliquent l'une sur l'autre.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (6) comporte plusieurs languettes étroites et parallèles (83), auxquelles correspondent des languettes supérieures (84) prévues à une certaine distance, et en ce que deux membranes (81, 82) sont respectivement fixées entre deux des languettes précitées (83, 84), en formant un compartiment (86) qui peut être alimenté en air instrument.
7. Dispositif selon une des revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que les compartiments (86), formés par les membranes (81, 82), sont reliés entre eux et raccordés à une conduite commune d'air instrument (87).
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la membrane (10) est représentée par une membrane de rupture (35), montée entre le châssis de moulage (2) et le réservoir sous pression (4).
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la membrane de rupture (35) est affaiblie dans des zones définies (47) pour dégager l'ouverture (7), la disposition de ces zones étant telle, que la membrane déchirée sous l'effet du gaz sous pression reste sous la forme d'un élément cohérent.
10. Dispositif selon une des revendications 8 et 9, caractérisé en ce que la membrane de rupture (35) est supportée par une grille (42) à large quadrillage dans la zone de l'ouverture (6) du réservoir (4), cette membrane étant affaiblie et/ou découpée sur trois côtés seulement de chaque ouverture de grille, avant le dégagement de l'ouverture (6).
11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la membrane de rupture (35) est surmontée par un dispositif de coupe (44), dont les lames (46) ont une disposition telle sur le quadrillage de la grille (42), que trois côtés seulement de chaque ouverture sont affectés à un outil de coupe (46).
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les outils de coupe (46) sont montés sur un bâti en treillis (45) mobile, guidé dans le réservoir sous pression (4).
13. Dispositif selon une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les barres (43) formant la grille (42) présentent des conducteurs chauffants sur leurs faces supérieures, ces conducteurs étant disposés sur trois côtés de chaque ouverture de grille et étant connectés pour dégager l'ouverture (6) du réservoir sous pression (4).
14. Dispositif selon une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que des conducteurs chauffants, enrobés dans la membrane de rupture (35), sont connectés pour dégager l'ouverture (6) du réservoir (4).
15. Dispositif selon une quelconque des revendications 8 à 14, caractérisé en ce que la membrane de rupture (35) fait partie d'une feuille sans fin élastique (36) qui est enroulée sur une bobine d'alimentation (37), prévue sur l'un des côtés du châssis de moulage (2), un dérouleur (37), monté sur l'autre côté du châssis, tirant la feuille précitée à la cadence de travail du dispositif.
16. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de fermeture (9) en forme de membrane est représenté par un flexible (28) coaxial à l'ouverture (6) du réservoir sous pression (4), la section de ce flexible étant adaptée et/ou adaptable à l'ouverture (6) précitée et l'une de ses extrémités, distante de cette dernière, étant fixée à l'intérieur du réservoir (4), l'autre extrémité pénétrant dans l'ouverture, une mécanique de fermeture (33, 34), dont l'effet s'exerce sur le rebord périphérique du flexible, permettant par ailleurs de coincer ce dernier sur le rebord d'ouverture (32).
17. Dispositif selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que le rebord d'ouverture est doté d'un siège (32), élargi en direction du châssis de moulage (2), la mécanique de fermeture présentant une rondelle de blocage (33), relevable par rapport au siège précité contre lequel elle coince l'extrémité du flexible (28).
18. Dispositif selon une des revendications 16 et 17, caractérisé en ce qu'une commande de levage (34), interne au réservoir sous pression (4), permet de relever et d'abaisser la rondelle de blocage (33).
19. Dispositif selon une quelconque des revendications 16 à 18, caractérisé en ce qu'un segment racleur (53), supérieur et interne au flexible (28), peut être abaissé jusqu'au niveau du siège (32) après chaque dégagement de l'ouverture (6).
20. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de fermeture (9) en forme de membrane est un soufflet (55) coaxial à l'ouverture (6), ce soufflet étant fixé à l'une de ses extrémités (56) dans le réservoir sous pression (4), verrouillé et fermé en position de fermeture sur son autre extrémité, au-dessus du rebord d'ouverture (7).
21. Dispositif selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité du soufflet (55), tournée vers l'ouverture (6), présente une bride (58) qu'attaque côté externe un dispositif de verrouillage (67), le soufflet (55) étant fermé sur cette extrémité par une membrane (59).
22. Dispositif selon une des revendications 20 et 21, caractérisé par une commande de levage (66) qui amène le soufflet (55) en position de fermeture.
23. Dispositif selon une quelconque des revendications 20 à 22, caractérisé en ce que le soufflet (55) est relié côté interne à l'atmosphère.
24. Dispositif selon une quelconque des revendications 20 à 23, caractérisé par des tubes supports (63, 64) internes au soufflet (55), dont l'un (63) est relié à l'extrémité de ce dernier, tournée vers l'ouverture (6).
25. Dispositif selon une quelconque des revendications 20 à 24, caractérisé en ce que le soufflet (55) est remplacé par un flexible (68).
26. Dispositif selon une quelconque des revendications 20 à 25, caractérisé en ce que le soufflet (55) et/ou le flexible (68) sont soumis à une certaine tension initiale en position de fermeture. 27. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 avec une gaine d'alimentation centrale pour le sable de remplissage, fermée par un tiroir ou autres par rapport au châssis de moulage et/ou à la rehausse sous-jacents, caractérisé en ce que la soupape (8) présente un orifice annulaire (23) qui enveloppe la gaine d'alimentation (20) et établit la jonction entre le réservoir sous pression (4) et un compartiment (38), situé entre le tiroir (52) et le châssis (3), la paroi interne de cet orifice présentant un siège (27) également annulaire et la paroi externe étant dotée d'un soufflet (25) ou d'un flexible annulaires, qui représentent l'organe de fermeture en forme de membrane et peuvent s'appliquer contre le siège précité.
28. Dispositif selon la revendication 27, caractérisé en ce que le réservoir sous pression (4), circulaire, enveloppe la gaine d'alimentation (20) et débouche, par l'intermédiaire d'une ouverture circulaire (22), dans l'orifice annulaire (23) de la soupape (8).
29. Dispositif selon une des revendications 27 et 28, caractérisé en ce que le soufflet annulaire (25) est maintenu en position de fermeture sous l'effet de l'air instrument.
30. Dispositif selon une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7 et 27 à 29, caractérisé en ce que l'air instrument pour la membrane (10, 80) et/ou le soufflet annulaire (25) est détendu dans le réservoir sous pression (4) pour amorcer le mouvement d'ouverture.
31. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la soupape (8) présente une tête (71) qui constitue la bobine secondaire d'un circuit de décharge à haute intensité, dont la bobine primaire (70) enveloppe l'ouverture (6) du réservoir (4) et supporte le siège pour la tête (71), et en ce que la tête de soupape (71) est en suspension souple sur un flexible coaxial, qui représente l'organe de fermeture en forme de membrane, ou sur une membrane tubulaire (72) ou autres.
EP82110996A 1981-12-28 1982-11-27 Dispositif pour comprimer du matériel de moulage pour fonderies Expired EP0084627B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3151645 1981-12-28
DE3151645 1981-12-28
DE3206208 1982-02-20
DE3206208 1982-02-20

Related Child Applications (1)

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EP85102322.6 Division-Into 1982-11-27

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EP0084627A1 EP0084627A1 (fr) 1983-08-03
EP0084627B1 true EP0084627B1 (fr) 1986-05-07

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EP82110996A Expired EP0084627B1 (fr) 1981-12-28 1982-11-27 Dispositif pour comprimer du matériel de moulage pour fonderies
EP85102322A Expired EP0170765B1 (fr) 1981-12-28 1982-11-27 Dispositif pour comprimer du matériel de moulage pour fonderies

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EP (2) EP0084627B1 (fr)
DD (1) DD203693A5 (fr)
PL (1) PL239713A1 (fr)

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CH664914A5 (de) * 1982-10-15 1988-04-15 Fischer Ag Georg Einrichtung zum verdichten einer masse von koernigem formstoff.
DE3327822A1 (de) * 1983-08-02 1985-02-14 Josef Mertes Engineering für Gießereianlagen, 5928 Laasphe Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verdichten von kornfoermigen formstoffen z.b. giessereiformsand
DE3344520A1 (de) * 1983-12-09 1985-06-20 BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH, 7500 Karlsruhe Vorrichtung zum verdichten von giesserei-formstoff mittels druckgas
CH666426A5 (de) * 1984-06-25 1988-07-29 Fischer Ag Georg Formanlage.
DE3518980A1 (de) * 1985-05-25 1986-11-27 BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH, 7500 Karlsruhe Vorrichtung zum verdichten von giesserei-formstoff mittels druckgas
CH672270A5 (fr) * 1986-12-17 1989-11-15 Fischer Ag Georg
ES2006861A6 (es) * 1988-03-21 1989-05-16 Lopez Foronda Fernandez Vicent Mejoras introducidas en campanas de aire para moldeo por onda expansiva.
ES2011685A6 (es) * 1988-10-21 1990-02-01 Lopez Foronda Fernandez Vicent Mejoras introducidas en maquinas de moldeo por impacto de aire.
DE3836876C2 (de) * 1988-10-29 1994-06-09 Badische Maschf Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von Gießerei-Formstoff
CH686412A5 (de) * 1992-03-10 1996-03-29 Fischer Georg Giessereianlagen Verfahren zum Verdichten von Formsand fuer Giessformen.
EP0849017B1 (fr) * 1996-12-17 2001-10-04 Loramendi, S.A. Machines moulage à impulsion de pression d'air
CN105170917B (zh) * 2015-09-30 2017-11-28 共享铸钢有限公司 一种大型圆盘类铸件的快速造型工装及其快速造型方法

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SU1006042A1 (ru) * 1981-03-12 1983-03-23 Simchenko Boris N Импульсна головка

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4609033A (en) 1986-09-02
EP0170765B1 (fr) 1988-08-31
PL239713A1 (en) 1983-08-01
US4529026A (en) 1985-07-16
DD203693A5 (de) 1983-11-02
EP0084627A1 (fr) 1983-08-03
EP0170765A1 (fr) 1986-02-12

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