EP0082816A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour arrondir des particules solides granulaires - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif pour arrondir des particules solides granulaires Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0082816A2 EP0082816A2 EP82810535A EP82810535A EP0082816A2 EP 0082816 A2 EP0082816 A2 EP 0082816A2 EP 82810535 A EP82810535 A EP 82810535A EP 82810535 A EP82810535 A EP 82810535A EP 0082816 A2 EP0082816 A2 EP 0082816A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- funnel
- liquid
- particles
- rounded
- nozzle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B11/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding spherical surfaces or parts of spherical surfaces on work; Accessories therefor
- B24B11/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding spherical surfaces or parts of spherical surfaces on work; Accessories therefor for grinding balls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/10—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving other means for tumbling of work
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for rounding off granular solid particles, in particular hard granulate.
- Rounded particles are already manufactured using various processes.
- a very common method is to spray molten material using a gas jet.
- This process is mainly used for the production of spherical metal powders, but also for the production of powders from refractory materials.
- the process has the disadvantage that it cannot be used generally for hard materials, including oxides, carbides, borides and nitrides or refractory metals with a Mohs hardness of> 7, since these materials sometimes have very high melting points and not all remain chemically stable in the molten state.
- the formation of hollow spherical particles during spraying cannot always be prevented.
- Another known method for the production of rounded particles is the surface melting and thus rounding of solids in a high energy beam, e.g. a plasma jet. Again, this method can only be used for materials with a stable liquid phase and, depending on the material, is also limited to particle sizes of approx. 10 - 200 p.
- rounded moldings can be produced by agglomeration or build-up granulation of correspondingly fine starting powders and subsequent sintering in accordance with DE-OS 29 48 584.
- Such a method is also disadvantageous because the material be previously milled to about 1 / 100th bis 1/1000 of the final desired particle size, in order for even a sinterable powder is obtained, and that the diameter range of the end product to about 0.4 to 5 mm is limited.
- sol-gel process can only be used for certain materials. It is mainly used for the production of oxide spheres in the range of ⁇ 500 p.
- the spraying process delivers products of insufficient quality. Usually only particles with low density can be produced due to the loose structure.
- the inventors have therefore set themselves the task of specifying a method for rounding off granular solid particles of any grain shape, in particular hard material breakage granules, which does not have the disadvantages of the above-mentioned methods.
- the proposed inventive method is characterized by the wording of claim 1.
- the particle size of the starting material is advantageously in the range from 100 p to 5 mm.
- the liquid chosen is one that is unable to dissolve or dissolve the starting grain.
- water is preferred used.
- the liquid jet must be so intense that the individual particles collide with one another, causing mutual abrasion.
- a conical funnel 1 with a tubular lateral outlet 11 there is a nozzle 2 at the lower end for feeding the liquid and an overflow 3 at the upper end.
- the nozzle 2 in its simplest embodiment is a cylindrical tube. This advantageously projects into the interior of the funnel 1. An increase in the rounding-off performance can thereby be achieved.
- the cone-shaped part of the funnel 1 is divided in this arrangement in its height H into a lower zone A and an upper zone B.
- the lower zone A is limited by the height h, which corresponds to the length of the part 22 of the nozzle 2 protruding into the conical part of the funnel 1.
- the height h is about 1 / 10th of the height H.
- those particles which are located in the lower zone A, are also involved in the rounding process is fed in by means of a tubular auxiliary nozzle 4 at intervals of time in addition liquid, whereby the in the lower zone A material at rest is conveyed into the upper zone B of the hopper 1, ie into the active zone.
- the easiest way to switch the auxiliary nozzle 4 on and off is with a solenoid valve 5.
- the overflow 3 is channel-shaped and has an outlet 6 at one point, where the liquid is removed together with the fine abrasion caused by the rounding. After the abrasion has been separated from the liquid in a manner known per se, the liquid can be fed back to the nozzle 2.
- the liquid supply is interrupted for a short time and valve 7, advantageously a compressed air membrane valve, is opened so that the rounded material can flow out and (not shown) ) the liquid, which is pumped back into the funnel, is freed via a separating device.
- valve 7 advantageously a compressed air membrane valve
- the average sinking speed of the particles to be rounded off in the liquid used should be at least 10 times the speed of the liquid in the upper region b of the upper zone B of the funnel 1, that is to say in the vicinity of the overflow 3 Prevent discharge of the rounded particles from the funnel 1.
- the amount per unit time rounded particles is as large as possible and on the other hand, all particles in mö g- lichst same extent, ie homogeneous rounded, it has proved to be advantageous, the half aperture angle ⁇ of the funnel 1 14-22 to put °, If the opening angle is too large, some of the rounded material remains on the funnel wall and is not moved. On the other hand, if the opening angle is too small, the Throughput smaller. A funnel angle of 18 - 19 ° is optimal. So that the particles to be rounded cannot leave the funnel 1 via the overflow 3, it is also advantageous to select the height H of the funnel 1 so that it is at least 2.5 times the grain size of the starting material in the idle state before the rounding process begins.
- the velocity of the liquid in the upper zone B b is in the range with the aid of the nozzle 2 advantageously determined so that it does not than 1 / 20th of the average rate of descent of the particles to be treated is more in the liquid used.
- the throughput of the amount of liquid through the auxiliary nozzle 4 should advantageously be at least twice as large as the throughput through the nozzle 2.
- Example 2 Using the same device and under the same conditions as in Example 1, 50 kg of corundum, SN 24 grain (according to FEPA), corresponding to a grain size range of 0.6-0.84 mm, were treated. After 138 hours, a material could be removed which had a roundness of 0.6 and a surface smoothness (roundness) of 0.9. The yield of rounded grain was 68%.
- the abrasion from the overflow 3 was collected in a sales basin and used for the production of micrograins.
- the bulk density of granular materials can be increased significantly with short treatment times of less than 1 hour.
- the bulk density of silicon carbide, grain size SN 8 (according to FEPA), corresponding to a grain size range of 2.0 - 2.8 mm, was 15% after 1 hour of treatment, and even 27% after 3 hours of treatment compared to the bulk weight of the untreated material.
- Materials treated in this way are advantageously used in the refractory sector because they have an increased resistance to oxidation compared to untreated ones.
- the toughness of the rounded grains is significantly higher than that of the non-rounded grains.
- the rounded material could be used as proppants for gap filling in the petroleum industry.
- the rounded hard materials produced by the process according to the invention can also be used to produce wear-resistant shaped bodies or layers, e.g. Linings of mills, classifiers, cyclones or conveyor lines can be used if they are used as filling material in plastic resin masses or adhesives.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH8244/81 | 1981-12-23 | ||
CH8244/81A CH667223A5 (de) | 1981-12-23 | 1981-12-23 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum abrunden koerniger feststoffpartikel. |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0082816A2 true EP0082816A2 (fr) | 1983-06-29 |
EP0082816A3 EP0082816A3 (en) | 1985-05-22 |
EP0082816B1 EP0082816B1 (fr) | 1988-05-11 |
Family
ID=4337364
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82810535A Expired EP0082816B1 (fr) | 1981-12-23 | 1982-12-09 | Procédé et dispositif pour arrondir des particules solides granulaires |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US4476071A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0082816B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS58122032A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1231928A (fr) |
CH (1) | CH667223A5 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3241459C1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES518042A0 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO156114C (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0461469A2 (fr) * | 1990-05-31 | 1991-12-18 | H.C. Starck GmbH & Co. KG | Composite comprenant des articles durs |
EP3738673A1 (fr) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-18 | NETZSCH Trockenmahltechnik GmbH | Dispositif de rectification destiné à l'arrondissement des particules |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3345983C2 (de) * | 1983-12-20 | 1986-09-04 | Wolfgang 4600 Dortmund Seidler | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von kugelförmigen metallischen Partikeln |
JPH0657310B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-24 | 1994-08-03 | ホソカワミクロン株式会社 | 無機質結晶体粒子の整粒方法 |
FR2732674B1 (fr) * | 1995-04-10 | 1997-05-09 | Alcatel Fibres Optiques | Procede et dispositif de spheroidisation de granules de silice |
FR2902767B1 (fr) * | 2006-06-22 | 2008-09-19 | J P B Creations Sa | Dispositif de conditionnement d'un produit a base de colle |
CN103302563B (zh) * | 2012-03-14 | 2015-11-25 | 富泰华工业(深圳)有限公司 | 打磨装置及使用该打磨装置的机械手 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE459595C (de) * | 1924-12-23 | 1928-05-08 | Hartstoff Metall A G Hametag | Abrunden von Metallpulverteilchen |
US2460918A (en) * | 1942-12-12 | 1949-02-08 | Jr Albert G Bodine | Method-of and apparatus for cutting and the like |
DE1202171B (de) * | 1959-07-03 | 1965-09-30 | Dr Guenter Friese | Verfahren zur Oberflaechenbearbeitung von Werkstuecken |
US3436868A (en) * | 1965-03-19 | 1969-04-08 | Christensen Diamond Prod Co | Rounding and polishing apparatus for crystalline carbon bodies |
DE1427553A1 (de) * | 1960-02-19 | 1969-08-28 | Ajem Lab Inc | Verfahren und Apparatur zur Oberflaechenumwandlung mittels Kornsuspension |
FR2157555A5 (fr) * | 1971-10-21 | 1973-06-01 | Roto Finish Sarl | |
DE2329335A1 (de) * | 1972-07-20 | 1974-01-31 | Barkas Werke Veb | Verfahren zur herstellung von plastgleitlager |
GB1389380A (en) * | 1972-05-25 | 1975-04-03 | Aakronite Decoratives Ltd | Protective surfaces |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1601898A (en) * | 1925-07-09 | 1926-10-05 | Roy E Wiley | Granular product and method of producing same |
US2186659A (en) * | 1936-07-17 | 1940-01-09 | Micro Products Corp | Magnetic powder for iron dust cores |
US2304221A (en) * | 1940-03-27 | 1942-12-08 | Celanese Corp | Drying apparatus |
US2874950A (en) * | 1954-03-16 | 1959-02-24 | Pyzel Fitzpatrick Inc | Hydraulic cement process |
US3207818A (en) * | 1963-12-27 | 1965-09-21 | Western Electric Co | Methods of forming spherical particles of crystallizable thermoplastic polymers |
JPS518876B2 (fr) * | 1972-10-03 | 1976-03-22 | ||
JPS5535062Y2 (fr) * | 1976-01-09 | 1980-08-19 | ||
US4165473A (en) * | 1976-06-21 | 1979-08-21 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Electron tube with dispenser cathode |
JPS5542734A (en) * | 1978-09-19 | 1980-03-26 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | Barrel grinding method |
CA1117987A (fr) * | 1978-12-13 | 1982-02-09 | Robert J. Seider | Grenaille spherique en ceramique dense frittee destinee a l'etaiement des puits de petrole et de gaz et procede de fabrication |
US4246208A (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1981-01-20 | Xerox Corporation | Dust-free plasma spheroidization |
JPS5626975A (en) * | 1979-08-14 | 1981-03-16 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Display element |
-
1981
- 1981-12-23 CH CH8244/81A patent/CH667223A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1982
- 1982-11-10 DE DE3241459A patent/DE3241459C1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-12-02 US US06/446,328 patent/US4476071A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-12-09 EP EP82810535A patent/EP0082816B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-12-09 DE DE8282810535T patent/DE3278460D1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-12-09 ES ES518042A patent/ES518042A0/es active Granted
- 1982-12-21 NO NO824296A patent/NO156114C/no unknown
- 1982-12-22 CA CA000418352A patent/CA1231928A/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-12-23 JP JP57235129A patent/JPS58122032A/ja active Granted
-
1984
- 1984-04-12 US US06/599,698 patent/US4592707A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE459595C (de) * | 1924-12-23 | 1928-05-08 | Hartstoff Metall A G Hametag | Abrunden von Metallpulverteilchen |
US2460918A (en) * | 1942-12-12 | 1949-02-08 | Jr Albert G Bodine | Method-of and apparatus for cutting and the like |
DE1202171B (de) * | 1959-07-03 | 1965-09-30 | Dr Guenter Friese | Verfahren zur Oberflaechenbearbeitung von Werkstuecken |
DE1427553A1 (de) * | 1960-02-19 | 1969-08-28 | Ajem Lab Inc | Verfahren und Apparatur zur Oberflaechenumwandlung mittels Kornsuspension |
US3436868A (en) * | 1965-03-19 | 1969-04-08 | Christensen Diamond Prod Co | Rounding and polishing apparatus for crystalline carbon bodies |
FR2157555A5 (fr) * | 1971-10-21 | 1973-06-01 | Roto Finish Sarl | |
GB1389380A (en) * | 1972-05-25 | 1975-04-03 | Aakronite Decoratives Ltd | Protective surfaces |
DE2329335A1 (de) * | 1972-07-20 | 1974-01-31 | Barkas Werke Veb | Verfahren zur herstellung von plastgleitlager |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0461469A2 (fr) * | 1990-05-31 | 1991-12-18 | H.C. Starck GmbH & Co. KG | Composite comprenant des articles durs |
EP0461469A3 (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1992-05-06 | Lonza Ag | Composite containing hard particles |
EP3738673A1 (fr) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-18 | NETZSCH Trockenmahltechnik GmbH | Dispositif de rectification destiné à l'arrondissement des particules |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0082816A3 (en) | 1985-05-22 |
DE3241459C1 (de) | 1983-07-21 |
EP0082816B1 (fr) | 1988-05-11 |
CH667223A5 (de) | 1988-09-30 |
DE3278460D1 (en) | 1988-06-16 |
US4476071A (en) | 1984-10-09 |
ES8503526A1 (es) | 1985-03-16 |
NO824296L (no) | 1983-06-24 |
JPS6359735B2 (fr) | 1988-11-21 |
ES518042A0 (es) | 1985-03-16 |
NO156114B (no) | 1987-04-21 |
US4592707A (en) | 1986-06-03 |
NO156114C (no) | 1987-08-05 |
JPS58122032A (ja) | 1983-07-20 |
CA1231928A (fr) | 1988-01-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE2908136A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von harnstoffkoernchen | |
CH647422A5 (de) | Ruehrwerksmuehle zum zermahlen einer prozessmischung. | |
DE3216022A1 (de) | Strahlmuehle mit begrenztem wirbel | |
DE60311152T2 (de) | Verfahren zum selektiven entfernen eines in einer oder mehreren schichten auf einem gegenstand vorhandenen materials und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens | |
EP1721019B1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un melange brut de frittage | |
DE1209931B (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von waessrigen ton- und/oder bentonithaltigen Aufschlaemmungen bestimmter Dichte | |
EP1808231A1 (fr) | Séparation de minéraux | |
EP0082816B1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif pour arrondir des particules solides granulaires | |
DE3140294A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennen eines gutgemisches in komponenten unterschiedlicher mahlbarkeit | |
DE2821517A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum selbsttaetigen regeln einer pneumatischen foerderung | |
DE102012024316A1 (de) | Behandlung von Mahlgut für die Zerkleinerung in einer Pressmühle | |
EP2463058B1 (fr) | Buse à jet pour un dispositif de sablage ou de rayonnement d'objets | |
DE2451775C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von Metall | |
EP3455177A1 (fr) | Procédé et installation destinés à la fabrication de microsphères creuses en verre | |
DE3538991A1 (de) | Verfahren zur feinstzerkleinerung von mineralischen stoffen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens | |
DE2133802A1 (de) | Verfahren zur aufbereitung von mineralischen korngemengen nach der dichte und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens | |
DE3007292C2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Herstellen von aus dem Trockensubstanzgehalt einer Lösung oder Suspension gebildetem Granulat | |
DE1932094B2 (de) | Vorrichtung zum mischen pulverfoermiger und breiartiger gueter | |
DE19718668C2 (de) | Verfahren zum Trennen und kontinuierlichen Austragen von schwer dispergierbaren Bestandteilen | |
EP2230004A1 (fr) | Dispositif de revêtement de type à cascade pour matériau poudreux, et procédé associé | |
DE3310709A1 (de) | Sichter zum klassieren von schuettgut | |
EP0267975B1 (fr) | Procédé de production en continu de granules à partir d'une matière solide dans un lit fluidisé | |
DE102010060135A1 (de) | Strahldüse für eine Vorrichtung zum Strahlbearbeiten von Gegenständen | |
DE1901746B2 (de) | Rohrmuehle | |
WO2024074632A2 (fr) | Broyeur de matières en vrac pour la préparation de matières grossières |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19851108 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19860708 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3278460 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19880616 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: SOCIETA' ITALIANA BREVETTI S.P.A. |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) | ||
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
ITTA | It: last paid annual fee | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 19940530 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19941231 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19941231 |
|
EAL | Se: european patent in force in sweden |
Ref document number: 82810535.3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19961118 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19961216 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19961220 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19961231 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19970120 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19970124 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19971209 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19971210 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY Effective date: 19971231 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19971231 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: SCHWEIZERISCHE ALUMINIUM A.G. Effective date: 19971231 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19980701 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19971209 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 19980701 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19980901 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 82810535.3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |