EP0069566A2 - Strangpressverfahren und Vorrichtung - Google Patents

Strangpressverfahren und Vorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0069566A2
EP0069566A2 EP82303499A EP82303499A EP0069566A2 EP 0069566 A2 EP0069566 A2 EP 0069566A2 EP 82303499 A EP82303499 A EP 82303499A EP 82303499 A EP82303499 A EP 82303499A EP 0069566 A2 EP0069566 A2 EP 0069566A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extrusion
container
ram
cage
station
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82303499A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0069566A3 (de
Inventor
Leonard Barry Griffiths
Brendan Peter O'riordan
Stuart Pugh
Babatunde Ogunnubi-Johnson
Douglas Gordon Smith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Johnson Matthey PLC
Original Assignee
Johnson Matthey PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johnson Matthey PLC filed Critical Johnson Matthey PLC
Publication of EP0069566A2 publication Critical patent/EP0069566A2/de
Publication of EP0069566A3 publication Critical patent/EP0069566A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/26—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using press rams

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process and apparatus for extrusion of a formable material and particularly provides means for extrusion of such a material where there is a need to minimise shear forces.
  • filter cake is a formable material containing generally between 40% and 60% by weight of water by means of a screw extruder and to allow the extrudate, which has a filamentary or cord-like shape, to settle under the influence of gravity on to the moving conveyor belt of a belt drying oven.
  • the speed of the belt may be adjusted relative to the speed of extrusion to allow control to be exercised over the depth of the extrudate on the belt.
  • screw extruders Inherently apply substantially shear forces to the material which may have a serious rheological effect on the physical form of the extrudate.
  • GB 1375883 describes apparatus for compacting and , extruding plastic and/or pulverulent material from a cavity by means of ram pressure, whereby the material is subjected to compaction at a compacting station and extrusion through a die orifice at an extrusion station.
  • the apparatus contains two cavities disposed within a rotatable housing indexed so that compaction takes place in one cavity while extrusion takes place from the other, and separate compacting and extrusion rams are carried on a common support.
  • the die containing the extrusion orifice is separable from the housing and is located permanently at the extrusion station.
  • pressure is applied in two stages, in which a lower pressure than that required for extrusion is first applied to compress the material and to cause any excess wetness, for example, to be exuded, and in which a higher pressure is then applied for extrusion.
  • pressure exerted by the extrusion ram is sufficient to compress substantially the entire charge of formable material in the container prior to extrusion to an extent sufficient to substantially eradicate any local zones of inhomogeneity in the charge. Any excess water, for example, in local zones is either distributed substantially throughout and taken up by the remainder of the charge or is expelled through extrusion holes prior to extrusion of the formable material.
  • the remaining formable material, on extrusion preferably, has a consistency such that it retains its three dimensional shape and settles in a randomly-orientated mass or filamentary of cord-like material. Such a mass provides a high surface area for drying air, for example, to circulate readily.
  • apparatus for ram extrusion of a formable material comprises a container for holding a quantity of extrudable material and having one or more extrusion orifices formed in a wall thereof and being adapted for location in a cage movable between a loading/unloading station and an extrusion station, and ram means for exerting extrusion pressure on the material when the container is at the extrusion station.
  • apparatus according to the invention is used in combination with a conveyor belt or other carriage means for receiving extruded material.
  • a conveyor belt may be the belt of a belt drying oven.
  • the loading/unloading station is located at or near floor level and the extrusion station is located at an elevated position so that the extrudate settles under the influence of gravity on to the belt, or other receiving means.
  • the container may, for convenience, be a hollow right circular cylinder closed at one end, having extrusion holes disposed substantially axially through the closed end. If desired, however, additional or alternative holes may extend radially through the cylindrical wall.
  • the container may have a false internal bottom plate containing extrusion bushings which locate within holes in the closed end.
  • One or more dowels or other location means are, preferably, carried on the underside of the container for location of the container in the cage.
  • the ram preferably comprises a piston which is axially slidable within the cylinder, and which is fitted with suitable sealing means such as spring rings disposed circumferentially around the piston.
  • the piston is connected via a piston rod to activating means which may be screw-operated, hydraulically operated or the like.
  • activating means which may be screw-operated, hydraulically operated or the like.
  • We prefer to use a double-acting hydraulic cylinder and piston assembly which acts directly or indirectly on the ram. Such an arrangement permits of a very fine degree of
  • the cage preferably comprises a reinforced framework having a base and a roof section and at least one open side for facilitating loading with and unloading of the container. All extrusion forces are preferably confined within the cage.
  • the base'of the cage is provided with one or more holes generally larger in diameter than the extrusion holes . of the container and positioned to be in registration with the said extrusion holes when the container is correctly located on the base of the cage and, when locating dowels are fixed to the underside of the container, is further provided with one or more corresponding holes for receiving the dowels.
  • One way of establishing movement between loading/ unloading and extrusion stations is to mount the cage on a pylon for longitudinal sliding movement relative thereto, in a substantially vertical plane, with the pylon itself carried on a chassis for longitudinal sliding movement relative thereto in a substantially horizontal plane. Movement of the pylon and the cage relative to the pylon is each preferably by means of a respective ram, for example, a hydraulic ram, which may act either directly or indirectly.
  • movement of the cage on the pylon is controlled by means of a hydraulically-operated piston mounted substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pylon and in the region of the upper end thereof, the lower end of the piston having attached thereto a pulley, one end of a chain or other flexible support means being attached to a mounting point towards the lower end of the pylon and the other end being passed over the pulley and attached to the cage, thus imparting a mechanical advantage to the movement of the cage relative to the movement of the piston.
  • Means for activating the extrusion ram may be mounted either on a structure fast with the upper end of the pylon so that the activating means is in registration with the ram when the container in the cage is at the extrusion station or, alternatively, activating means may be mounted directly on the cage.
  • the latter arrangement is to be preferred due to the ram thus being capable of being securely attached to the ram activating means irrepective of the presence or absence of a container in the cage and irrespective of whether the cage is at the extrusion station or at some other location. Further, with such an arrangement, the extrusion forces are confined to the cage and are not transmitted to the pylon.
  • locating dowels when fixed to the underside of the container are each provided at the lower end with a spherical castor or other bearing means and the pylon base section is provided with upstanding pegs corresponding in number and relative position with the container dowel locating holes in the base of the cage.
  • Each peg preferably has a flat upper surface which is adapted to be flush with the floor of the cage when the latter is at the loading/unloading station so that a container can be rolled on its spherical castors either in to or out of position relative to the pegs and hence to the locating holes.
  • a container handling system suitable for use with apparatus may include a charging station for charging an empty container with material to be extruded, and a holding station for holding a charged container pending loading into the cage of the apparatus, together with means for simultaneously removing an empty container at the loading/unloading station and transporting it to the charging station, transporting a charged container from the charging station to the holding station and transporting a further charged container from the holding station to the loading/unloading station.
  • a handling system may be mechanically or manually operated.
  • Chassis 11 comprises a pair of longitudinal channel girders 15 suitably end-braced by girders 16 and 17.
  • the inwardly-facing web surfaces of girders 15 are each provided with a runner 18 (one side only shown) for'sliding movement of the pylon thereon (see also Fig. 2).
  • the runners extend longitudinally between end girder 16 and an intermediate cross-element 19.
  • the pylon upstanding section 12 comprises a pair of fabricated structures 20 suitably cross-braced at their ends (21 and 22) and at intermediate locations (23 and 24).
  • the upstanding section is rigidly secured to base section 13 which comprises a girder framework consisting of a pair of longitudinal angle girders 25 cross-braced at their ends, cross-brace girder 26 being remote from the upstanding section and cross-brace girder 22 being common with the lower end cross bracing girder of the upstanding section.
  • the base section (see also Fig.2) is adapted to slide longitudinally between chassis girders 15 and is carried for this purpose on runners 18.
  • Wheels or rollers 27 are provided on the outside of angle girders 25 for facilitating such sliding movement, which is controlled by means of piston rod 28 acting on cross-element 19 and powered hydraulically by two-way hydraulic cylinder 29.
  • The- cage 14 consists essentially of a base member 30 and a roof member 31 held in spaced-apart relationship by means of a reinforced framework comprising end members 32 and intermediate reinforcing ribs 53.
  • the cage is open-sided on at least one side for providing access for loading and unloading containers.
  • the base is provided with four holes 34 ( three only visible in Fig.l) for receiving locating dowels on the underside of the container. Further holes 35 are provided for passage therethrough of extruded material.
  • a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 36 is secured to the roof of the cage and is connected with piston 37 for exerting ram extrusion pressure on the material in the container.
  • the cage is mounted for longitudinal sliding movement with respect to the pylon upstanding section by means of rollers adapted to roll on the inner sides of the channel sections of the longitudinal fabricated structures, the roller axles being
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the chassis and pylon base member to show the arrangement of the runners and the wheels.
  • Fig.2 illustrates a longitudinal plate 44 secured to the upper surface of each girder 15 for acting as a cover for the runners and longitudinal bearing strip 45 secured to the inward-facing edge of each runner to prevent skewing of the pylon base section between the chassis longitudinal girders with consequential interruption to smooth running.
  • the material of the bearing strip may be, for example, white metal or nylon.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-section through the pylon showing part of the cage and the means by which sliding movement of the cage relative to the pylon is facilitated.
  • the fabricated structures 20 each comprise a box girder 46 to which is attached a pair of longitudinal plates 47 to create longitudinal channel sections which are arranged to be inwardly facing.
  • To the cage 14 is attached a pair of plates 39 on which there are rotatably mounted, by means of nuts 38, rollers 48 which bear on the inner sides of the channel sections.
  • Elements 24 and 25 are respectively a pylon cross-brace and pylon base section longitudinal girders (see Fig.l).
  • Figures 4 and 5 are schematic representations of the containers.
  • the container 49 is located in and I is supported by the base 30 of the cage, locating dowels 50 being positioned in holes 54 (see Fig.l).
  • Extrusion holes 51 are in registration with larger diameter holes 35 formed-in the base of the cage.
  • the dowels are equipped with spherical castors 52.
  • the container is shown at the loading/ unloading station standing with spherical castors 52 on upstanding pegs 53 located in a member itself secured to the base section of the pylon, the pegs having displaced the locating dowels 50 from holes 34 as the cage was lowered on to the said base section, the upper surface of pegs 53 being essentially flush with the floor (i.e. the upper surface of the base 30) of the cage to facilitate loading and unloading of the cage by-rolling the container on castors 53.
  • Figure 6 comprises two diagrams 6A and 6B showing the apparatus schematically in the loading/unloading station and the extruding station respectively in relation to the belt drying oven shown in cross-section at 54.
  • extrusion rate is controlled by controlling the extrusion ram pressure.
  • the depth of material on the belt may be controlled either by controlling the extrusion rate and/or by controlling the speed of the conveyor belt.
  • the optimum depth of extrudate on the belt is normally about four inches.
  • Apparatus according to the invention may be controlled by hydraulic control means in standard manner and its operation is facilitated by use of limit switches to indicate the position of various components of the apparatus at various stages in the process.
  • Figures 7 and 8 indicate the positions of limit switches X1 to X6 and X8 to X15 on the apparatus illustrated in Figure 1, the switches being involved in the various stages of the process of operating the apparatus now to be described.
  • the various limit switches serve to initiate and terminate operation of electrically powered and/or controlled mechanisms used in the apparatus and detailed operation thereof is not included.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
EP82303499A 1981-07-02 1982-07-02 Strangpressverfahren und Vorrichtung Withdrawn EP0069566A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8120513 1981-07-02
GB8120513 1981-07-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0069566A2 true EP0069566A2 (de) 1983-01-12
EP0069566A3 EP0069566A3 (de) 1983-08-17

Family

ID=10522978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82303499A Withdrawn EP0069566A3 (de) 1981-07-02 1982-07-02 Strangpressverfahren und Vorrichtung

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0069566A3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0128258A1 (de) * 1983-06-09 1984-12-19 BOVO S.a.s. dei F.lli Pillon Claudio e Paolo & C. Maschine für die Formgebung von Nahrungsmitteln
CN108724800A (zh) * 2018-05-26 2018-11-02 东莞市元鹏五金电子科技有限公司 一种棉块成型装置及方法
CN112044169A (zh) * 2020-08-12 2020-12-08 殷震花 一种环保内墙涂料工艺系统及其废料压滤处理工艺

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB151940A (en) * 1917-04-18 1922-04-03 William Bartlett Laskey Improvement in candy making machines
GB457445A (en) * 1935-03-27 1936-11-27 Goodlass Wall & Lead Ind Ltd Improvements in or relating to presses for extruding metals or other materials
GB501694A (en) * 1937-02-27 1939-03-03 Erling Halvdan Hanssen Improvements in or relating to apparatus for extruding dough
DE1941872B2 (de) * 1969-08-16 1970-11-26
DE2825253A1 (de) * 1978-06-08 1979-12-13 Nitrochemie Gmbh Hydraulische pulverpresse

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB151940A (en) * 1917-04-18 1922-04-03 William Bartlett Laskey Improvement in candy making machines
GB457445A (en) * 1935-03-27 1936-11-27 Goodlass Wall & Lead Ind Ltd Improvements in or relating to presses for extruding metals or other materials
GB501694A (en) * 1937-02-27 1939-03-03 Erling Halvdan Hanssen Improvements in or relating to apparatus for extruding dough
DE1941872B2 (de) * 1969-08-16 1970-11-26
DE2825253A1 (de) * 1978-06-08 1979-12-13 Nitrochemie Gmbh Hydraulische pulverpresse

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0128258A1 (de) * 1983-06-09 1984-12-19 BOVO S.a.s. dei F.lli Pillon Claudio e Paolo & C. Maschine für die Formgebung von Nahrungsmitteln
CN108724800A (zh) * 2018-05-26 2018-11-02 东莞市元鹏五金电子科技有限公司 一种棉块成型装置及方法
CN112044169A (zh) * 2020-08-12 2020-12-08 殷震花 一种环保内墙涂料工艺系统及其废料压滤处理工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0069566A3 (de) 1983-08-17

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Inventor name: SMITH, DOUGLAS GORDON

Inventor name: OGUNNUBI-JOHNSON, BABATUNDE

Inventor name: PUGH, STUART

Inventor name: O'RIORDAN, BRENDAN PETER

Inventor name: GRIFFITHS, LEONARD BARRY