EP0065179B1 - Vorrichtung zum Einstanzen eines Loches in eine Papierbahn - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Einstanzen eines Loches in eine Papierbahn Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0065179B1
EP0065179B1 EP82103809A EP82103809A EP0065179B1 EP 0065179 B1 EP0065179 B1 EP 0065179B1 EP 82103809 A EP82103809 A EP 82103809A EP 82103809 A EP82103809 A EP 82103809A EP 0065179 B1 EP0065179 B1 EP 0065179B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting head
tip
paper web
drive shaft
cutting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82103809A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0065179A2 (de
EP0065179A3 (en
Inventor
Wilhelm Reil
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
Original Assignee
Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
Tetra Pak Finance and Trading SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA, Tetra Pak Finance and Trading SA filed Critical Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
Priority to AT82103809T priority Critical patent/ATE26229T1/de
Publication of EP0065179A2 publication Critical patent/EP0065179A2/de
Publication of EP0065179A3 publication Critical patent/EP0065179A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0065179B1 publication Critical patent/EP0065179B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/08—Making a superficial cut in the surface of the work without removal of material, e.g. scoring, incising
    • B26D3/085—On sheet material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/16—Perforating by tool or tools of the drill type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/55—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool with work-engaging structure other than Tool or tool-support
    • Y10T408/561—Having tool-opposing, work-engaging surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/55—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool with work-engaging structure other than Tool or tool-support
    • Y10T408/561—Having tool-opposing, work-engaging surface
    • Y10T408/5623—Having tool-opposing, work-engaging surface with presser foot
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/55—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool with work-engaging structure other than Tool or tool-support
    • Y10T408/561—Having tool-opposing, work-engaging surface
    • Y10T408/5626—Having tool-opposing, work-engaging surface with means to move Tool relative to other work-engaging structure along tool-axis
    • Y10T408/5627—Having sliding engagement therewith
    • Y10T408/56275—Screw coaxial with Tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/96—Miscellaneous
    • Y10T408/99—Adjustable stop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/02—Other than completely through work thickness
    • Y10T83/0333—Scoring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for punching a hole in a paper web, in particular for the production of liquid packs, with a movable punch with a circular knife at its tip, which can be pressed against a counterplate, the punch having a rotatably driven cutting head.
  • packs with punch holes are known, in particular packs for liquid beverages made of paper coated with plastic.
  • the punched holes in the paper web of such packs are used to pierce a straw.
  • the aim of the manufacturer of such packs is to pre-punch the hole in the paper web in such a way that, on the one hand, the pack is or remains tight and, on the other hand, the user can easily pierce it using the straw.
  • a punching device of the type mentioned is shown and described in GB-A-1 150 785. This device is used to punch thick pieces of paper.
  • the entire machine housing with motor and drill are movably arranged in relation to a stationary paper platen.
  • the waste chips punched out with the cutting knife are transported upwards by a hollow shaft.
  • the well-known drilling and piercing device can be used for office use, but a hole cannot be punched into this depth to a desired depth.
  • the stamping dies instead of a subsequent coating of a completely punched-out paper web, attempts have already been made to use the stamping dies on paper webs already coated on both sides. If you go e.g. from a paper thickness of 0.4 mm, including the plastic coatings, then the thickness of the outward-facing plastic coating is z. B. 0.01 mm, while the inward-facing plastic layer receives a thickness of 0.04 mm.
  • the punching knife should completely punch through the outer thin layer and the paper layer arranged between the two plastic layers, while the plastic coating lying on the inside should remain intact so that the tightness is not endangered. In the example given above, this means that the punching knife has to be pressed so deep into the coated paper web that the punching depth is 0.35 mm.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which enables the desired hole to be punched into the desired depth with simple means.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that the cutting head is held in an outer carrier and can be adjusted and locked in relation to this by means of an adjusting nut in the axial direction, that the outer carrier can be pressed against a spring-mounted plate with a large surface area, and that the circular knife on the Tip of the cutting head is formed by a circular edge.
  • the basic idea of the invention lies in the movement of the punch or the edge forming the knife at its tip, so that there is a cutting effect, even holes of larger diameter in paper webs in exact cutting depth and over the entire circumference of the same punching or cutting deep can be introduced.
  • the adjusting nut is therefore rigidly connected to the cutting head, e.g. by a screw connection, and is supported with its end face against the outer carrier, which holds the cutting head. This support takes place via a friction clamping surface, which is preferably located on the outer carrier mentioned and against which the adjusting nut can be firmly locked by suitable means, preferably clamping screws.
  • the exact cutting depth is ensured in a particularly favorable manner by the fact that the outer carrier holding the cutting head can be pressed against the resiliently mounted plate of large surface area.
  • the counterplate mentioned at the beginning, against which the punch or cutting head is pressed, rests on at least one compression spring which acts in the direction of the lifting movement of the punch (for performing the punching or the cut) and thus in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the hollow drive shaft and Longitudinal axis of the cutting head is compressible.
  • the punching device is arranged on the support bar of an embossing station or the resiliently mounted plate is provided on the opposite part of the bar.
  • the resilient mounting of the counter plate gives the punching device the possibility of performing the punching before the stamping. It is also advantageously achieved by the invention that the distance between the spring-loaded plate and the outer carrier, i. H. those two surfaces, which are opposite each other in the punching device and between which the paper web to be punched is passed and clamped, determines the depth of penetration of the knife into the paper web. The paper web is clamped between the outer carrier or its front-side contact surface and the spring-loaded plate (single-layer or double-layer, depending on the requirements) as the one or more springs allow.
  • the area of the spring-loaded plate is chosen to be large in relation to the hole to be punched, because this eliminates fluctuations in paper thickness.
  • the cutting head is releasably attached to a drive shaft.
  • the cutting head carrying the knife is therefore advantageously exchangeable as a wearing part and is fastened by its fastening means in the drive shaft, for. B. a correspondingly secured screw connection, held so that the cutting head is carried by the drive shaft.
  • the drive shaft in turn is connected to a motor that intermittently or continuously rotates it during the punching process.
  • the hollow drive shaft which is preferably held in an adjustable bearing cylinder via ball bearings, is kept free of play in the direction of its axis. This can be achieved, for example, by a nut with a lock nut placed above it.
  • the cutting head and the drive shaft are hollow, the cavities are flush with one another, and the drive shaft is provided with at least one radial bore at its rear end facing away from the cutting head tip.
  • this piece of cardboard can move backwards through the cavities, which are preferably designed as bores, in the cutting head and further back in the drive shaft and through one or several radial holes (holes) are led outwards.
  • the circular edge is preferably formed by the cutting line between the cylinder of the central bore forming the cavity of the cutting head and a cone which widens backwards from the tip.
  • One surface behind the circular knife edge is therefore a cylindrical surface that surrounds the central bore, and the other surface behind the circular knife edge is a truncated cone surface, the truncated cone expanding backwards from the tip of the cutting head, that is, away from the paper web.
  • This configuration of the cutting head tip causes friction to be applied to the correct surface parts: the greatest friction occurs with such a cutting head knife on the truncated cone surface described.
  • the greater the pressure the greater the radius of the truncated cone surface.
  • a scale can also be expediently attached to the adjusting nut, which cooperates with a pointer attached to the outer carrier for the cutting head and drive shaft. In this way you get a simple indication of the cutting depth because the scale can be calibrated in cutting depth.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show a stamping device arranged in the area of the stamping station indicated in FIG. 1 and generally designated 1 with the two stamping plates 2 and 3, with a carrier bar 4 on the punch stamp side (on the right in FIGS. 1 and 2) and a carrier bar 5 on the counter plate side (left in Figs. 1 and 2).
  • the outer support 6 is attached with its end face 7, while on the opposite support beam 5 the support bracket 8 for the spring-loaded plate 9 is attached.
  • the embossing plates 3 and 2 are also fastened to the support beams 4 and 5. These are provided with embossing devices (bulge and channel) at the locations marked with 10.
  • the spring-mounted counter plate 9 is guided by two screws 11 and supported against the compression spring 12. As a result, it has the possibility of moving in the direction of the double arrow 13 shown in FIG. 2, although the support bar 4 or 5 or both also has the possibility of movement in the direction of the double arrows 14 shown. It can be seen that at least in one direction (perpendicular to the paper plane in FIG. 1 and from top to bottom in the paper plane in FIG. 2), the spring-mounted plate 9 has a large surface area, in particular in relation to that in the paper web 15 hole to be punched.
  • the outer support 6 is fastened, which is open on one side towards the rear, forms the contact surface 7 on the front on the front side and is provided in the middle with a further opening through which the cutting head 16 can protrude in front of the contact surface 7.
  • an adjustable bearing cylinder 18 is arranged displaceably in the direction of the longitudinal axis 19 of the entire arrangement.
  • the adjustable bearing cylinder 18 is also hollow on the inside and holds the ball bearings 20, which are arranged at a distance from one another in the axial direction 19, for the concentrically arranged and supported hollow drive shaft 21, in the front end of which the cutting head 16 is screwed in, and the rear end of which via the coupling 22 is attached to the drive shaft of the motor 23.
  • the two cylindrical cavities 26 and 27 which are arranged coaxially in the cutting head 16 and are in alignment with one another are in alignment with the cylindrical cavity 28 and are therefore in connection therewith, which as a central bore along the axis 19 in the drive shaft 21 is arranged. Furthermore, the radial bores 24 are connected to the cylindrical cavity 28, so that pieces of paper punched out of the paper web 15 during operation, which should be torn off from time to time unexpectedly, can escape to the outside in the same way as the interconnected cavities .
  • the motor 23 is fastened to an elongated motor mounting plate 31 via screws 29 and sleeves 30.
  • this motor mounting plate 31 is firmly attached, so that when moving along the axes 19 to the front (in FIGS. 1 and 2 to the left) or to the rear (in FIGS. 1 and 2 to the right), the motor 23 also Sleeves 30, motor support plate 31, bearing cylinder 18, drive shaft 21 and cutting head 16 can be moved. So that this displacement in the direction of the axis 19 can be carried out correctly and exactly, the adjustable bearing cylinder 18 is clamped absolutely free of play against a movement in the direction of the axis 19 via the ball bearings 20, a spacer 32 and two nuts 33 placed one behind the other.
  • the adjustment itself is carried out with the aid of the adjusting nut 34, on which a scale 35 shown in FIG. 2 is provided for the interaction with a pointer 36 on the outer carrier 6.
  • the above-described unit consisting of motor 23, adjustable bearing cylinder 18, drive shaft 21 and cutting head 16 is moved forwards or backwards in the direction of the axis 19 (left or right in the drawings).
  • the adjusting nut 34 acts on the outer carrier 6 via the friction clamping surface 37 and, on the other hand, is clamped via the locking screws 38. In this way, the tip 40 of the cutting head 16 can be adjusted to protrude the desired distance beyond the contact surface 7 of the outer carrier 6.
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically and broken off the tip 40 of the cutting head 16, which rotates, for example, in the direction of arrow 39 and is pressed into the paper web 15 with the outer plastic layer 41, the carrier material made of paper 42 and the inner plastic layer 43 while cutting.
  • the circular knife at this tip 40 is formed by the circular edge 44, which is created by an intersecting line results if the cylinder of the central bore forming the front cavity 26 of the cutting head 16 is cut with a cone which widens backwards (in FIG. 3 upwards) from the tip 40, so that the truncated cone surface 45 results.
  • the support beams 4 and 5 move apart, the paper web 15 is conveyed from top to bottom and inserted between the dies 2 and 3 and the contact surface 7 and the surface of the spring-mounted plate 9 opposite this. If the carrier beams 4 and 5 are now moved towards each other, the single-layer or two-layer paper web 15 initially comes into contact with the surface of the spring-mounted plate 9, which is pushed against the contact surface 7 and is pushed against the contact surface 7 of the outer carrier 6 and which is pressed together
  • Spring 12 in FIGS. 1 and 2 evades to the left.
  • the motor 23 sets the drive shaft 21 with the cutting head 16 in rotation according to arrow 39 in FIG. 3 and in doing so carries out the cut to the desired depth, as shown in FIG. 3. It can be seen from FIG.
  • the cutting head 16 moves out of the position shown in FIG. 3 in that the carrier bars 4 and 5 are moved apart again.
  • the tip 40 of the cutting head 16 protrudes just as far in front of the contact surface 7 of the outer carrier 6 as the incision is to be made in the aforementioned operation, i. H. e.g. B. by 0.35 mm if the example mentioned above is used.
  • the depth of cut is determined by the distance between the resilient plate 9 and the outer support 6 or its front contact surface 7. At this distance, the knife edge 44 can penetrate the paper web 15.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
EP82103809A 1981-05-16 1982-05-04 Vorrichtung zum Einstanzen eines Loches in eine Papierbahn Expired EP0065179B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82103809T ATE26229T1 (de) 1981-05-16 1982-05-04 Vorrichtung zum einstanzen eines loches in eine papierbahn.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813119602 DE3119602A1 (de) 1981-05-16 1981-05-16 Vorrichtung zum einstanzen eines loches in eine papierbahn
DE3119602 1981-05-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0065179A2 EP0065179A2 (de) 1982-11-24
EP0065179A3 EP0065179A3 (en) 1984-09-26
EP0065179B1 true EP0065179B1 (de) 1987-04-01

Family

ID=6132531

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82103809A Expired EP0065179B1 (de) 1981-05-16 1982-05-04 Vorrichtung zum Einstanzen eines Loches in eine Papierbahn

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US4578004A (es)
EP (1) EP0065179B1 (es)
JP (1) JPS5828499A (es)
AR (1) AR230388A1 (es)
AT (1) ATE26229T1 (es)
AU (1) AU552503B2 (es)
BR (1) BR8202820A (es)
CA (1) CA1194779A (es)
CS (1) CS241508B2 (es)
DD (1) DD202258A5 (es)
DE (2) DE3119602A1 (es)
ES (1) ES512177A0 (es)
HU (1) HU191087B (es)
MX (1) MX157810A (es)
SU (1) SU1192601A3 (es)
YU (1) YU44008B (es)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3129140A1 (de) * 1981-07-23 1983-02-03 Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim Elektrohydraulischer stellantrieb fuer turbinenventile
DE3414783C2 (de) * 1984-04-18 1986-06-05 Hagen 8021 Icking Gämmerler Vorrichtung zum Stanzen von flächenförmigen Gebilden, insbesondere Papier, Karton o. dgl.
ATE33235T1 (de) * 1985-04-04 1988-04-15 Elopak As Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen einer zum durchstechen mittels eines saugroehrchens vogesehenen stelle eines verpackungszuschnittes.
DE3842995A1 (de) * 1988-12-21 1990-07-05 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Kernbohrer
IT1261244B (it) * 1993-08-25 1996-05-09 Angelo Dotta Dispositivo per la perforazione di nastri di cerotti
US6913427B2 (en) * 2002-01-16 2005-07-05 Kennametal Inc. Adjustment device for self-colleting drill motors
US20050276669A1 (en) * 2004-06-14 2005-12-15 Pottorff Earl T Punch assembly with spinning head
US7326008B2 (en) * 2004-12-10 2008-02-05 Danly Iem, Llc Servo tapping unit with built in shock protection
JP2012513305A (ja) 2008-12-23 2012-06-14 トレレボルグ ルボレ エービー 多層板構造を部分貫通する切断線を形成する方法
JP5990745B2 (ja) * 2011-05-31 2016-09-14 株式会社Ｊｏｌｅｄ 接合体の製造方法及び接合体
JP6300321B2 (ja) * 2012-08-07 2018-03-28 株式会社Ｊｏｌｅｄ 接合体の製造方法及び接合体
US10414072B2 (en) * 2016-07-20 2019-09-17 The Boeing Company Drill spring device method of use
CN113246218A (zh) * 2021-07-01 2021-08-13 宿迁海宇包装有限公司 一种便于调整打孔位置的纸箱打孔装置

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3125883A (en) * 1964-03-24 Coring tool
US1493457A (en) * 1922-08-24 1924-05-06 J T Wright Company Drill head
US1995505A (en) * 1933-05-09 1935-03-26 Carlisle Lumber Company Pocket routing machine
US2044709A (en) * 1933-08-31 1936-06-16 Harris Seybold Potter Co Multiple spindle drill
US2527968A (en) * 1944-08-15 1950-10-31 Herbert W Pfahler Milling tool
US2849902A (en) * 1955-11-18 1958-09-02 De Vlieg Machine Co Presetting boring bar and tool holder
US3066554A (en) * 1958-06-25 1962-12-04 Schjeldahl Co G T Apparatus for cutting holes in thin flexible webs
US3357280A (en) * 1965-03-16 1967-12-12 Drilco Inc Perforating apparatus
GB1150785A (en) * 1965-11-19 1969-04-30 Lihit Industrial A Drilling Machine for Office Use
US3357289A (en) * 1965-12-27 1967-12-12 Ibm Round corner cutting machine for record cards
US3690780A (en) * 1971-02-26 1972-09-12 Powers Chemco Inc Vacuum actuated rotary drill
SU537761A1 (ru) * 1973-05-25 1976-12-05 Предприятие П/Я Р-6094 Устройство дл зенковани
DE2333662A1 (de) * 1973-07-02 1975-01-23 Edwin Rothenberger Schweisstec Einspannvorrichtung fuer blechbohrer
US4060333A (en) * 1976-07-14 1977-11-29 White John T Apparatus for cutting disks from sheets
DE2728794C2 (de) * 1977-06-25 1984-03-29 Aristo Graphic Systeme Gmbh & Co Kg, 2000 Hamburg Fräskopf zum Ausschneiden von Schablonen aus Karton o.dgl.
JPS5437868A (en) * 1977-08-25 1979-03-20 Sato Tadao Salted guts of oyster and production thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8307155A1 (es) 1983-06-16
CS241508B2 (en) 1986-03-13
AU552503B2 (en) 1986-06-05
AU8371382A (en) 1982-11-25
HU191087B (en) 1987-01-28
US4578004A (en) 1986-03-25
MX157810A (es) 1988-12-15
SU1192601A3 (ru) 1985-11-15
CA1194779A (en) 1985-10-08
YU44008B (en) 1990-02-28
DD202258A5 (de) 1983-09-07
JPS5828499A (ja) 1983-02-19
DE3119602A1 (de) 1982-12-02
JPH0478440B2 (es) 1992-12-11
ES512177A0 (es) 1983-06-16
AR230388A1 (es) 1984-04-30
YU99482A (en) 1985-03-20
EP0065179A2 (de) 1982-11-24
ATE26229T1 (de) 1987-04-15
CS360382A2 (en) 1985-08-15
EP0065179A3 (en) 1984-09-26
BR8202820A (pt) 1983-04-26
DE3275915D1 (en) 1987-05-07
DE3119602C2 (es) 1988-04-21

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