EP0063214B1 - Assembly of a vehicle floor sub-assembly with fixing means - Google Patents
Assembly of a vehicle floor sub-assembly with fixing means Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0063214B1 EP0063214B1 EP82101045A EP82101045A EP0063214B1 EP 0063214 B1 EP0063214 B1 EP 0063214B1 EP 82101045 A EP82101045 A EP 82101045A EP 82101045 A EP82101045 A EP 82101045A EP 0063214 B1 EP0063214 B1 EP 0063214B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- floor
- plate
- attachment rails
- assembly
- bearer plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/10—Floors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D1/00—Carriages for ordinary railway passenger traffic
- B61D1/04—General arrangements of seats
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/18—Internal lining, e.g. insulating
- B61D17/185—Internal lining, e.g. insulating for sound insulating
Definitions
- the invention relates to an embodiment of the floor of vehicles, in particular rail vehicles, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- the support plate is provided with upwardly projecting fastening rails on which the floor plate is supported at a distance above the support plate.
- the parts of the vehicle interior which are to be fastened at the floor level, i.e. the passenger seats, partition walls or the like, are fastened to the floor plate, it being known per se (US Pat. No. 3,986,459), fastening rails for adjustable anchoring of the interior parts on the floor plate to assemble.
- the fastening rails provided for the adjustable anchoring of parts of the vehicle interior fit out the walk-on floor slab and are fastened directly to the carrier plate
- the floor plate itself consists of individual ones which are inserted flush between the fastening rails and over the entire surface of the carrier plate via a support and insulation layer supported panel segments, which, in addition to effective heat and, above all, structure-borne noise insulation, also guarantees a substantial reduction in manufacturing and weight expenditure, since the floor panels no longer have to transmit the high, point-like anchoring loads of the seat frames or partitions, and because they are supported by the support and insulation layer are supported on the carrier plate, can be made very thin-walled.
- the floor assembly according to the invention is thus designed in the manner of a floating floor, in which the walk-on floor panels are not used to anchor the interior, but rather lie more or less loosely over the support and insulation layer over the entire surface of the support panel, while the vehicle interior is directly over the support panel is anchored by the floor panels and the support layer extending fastening rails adjustable.
- the fastening rails are preferably formed together with the carrier plate as a one-piece extruded profile for reasons of further production simplification according to claim 2 or according to claim 3 for a carrier plate with a beaded profile, that is to say if it is designed as a sheet steel construction, arranged in the beads of the carrier plate and fastened there by means of welding or screws or rivets, while the support and insulation layer expediently consists of rigid foam plates.
- top of the floor plate is provided with a floor covering, for example a carpet, it is advisable, according to claim 5, to interrupt the floor covering on the fastening rails in a slot-like manner, in order to further increase the installation and subsequent conversion of the parts of the vehicle interior anchored to the fastening rails facilitate.
- a floor covering for example a carpet
- the floor shown in FIG. 1 rests on a multi-part carrier plate 1, the individual parts 12, 13 of which are connected to one another at point 14 by hooking.
- a mounting rail 15 On the item 12 there is a mounting rail 15; both parts 12, 15 can be connected to one another by gluing.
- a further fastening rail 10 is attached to the latter via a rubber damping element 16.
- a support and insulation layer 2 for example made of hard foam, on or above the carrier plate 1, on which there is a floor plate 4 in sandwich construction, which is provided with two cover plates 3, 5, for example made of plywood, and above that serving as moisture protection and consisting of PVC flooring 6, on the visible side of the carpet 7 is designed, so that the groove 17 remains free in the mounting rail 10.
- cover plates 3 for example made of plywood
- fastening elements 8 are arranged and a cover strip 18 between them. Of course, the latter can also be placed over the entire length of the fastening rail 10 in the absence of fastening elements 8. It is expedient to provide a plurality of fastening rails 10 arranged parallel to one another in order to facilitate variations in the interior of the vehicle, for example when using different seats, changing their spacing from one another, installing partition walls parallel and perpendicular to the fastening rails 10, etc.
- the distances between the fastening rails 10, 15 arranged parallel to one another are chosen to be as equal as possible so that the parts of the floor to be arranged between them, that is to say the insulating layers 2, floor panels 4, floor covering parts 6 and carpet strips 7, are laid without waste or can be exchanged.
- FIG. 2 shows essentially the same as in FIG. 1, in addition the fastening of the cover strip 18 by means of spreading in the groove 17 of the fastening rail 10.
- the transition to the side wall 19 of the wagon is shown, including the side limitation of the floor plate 4 by means of a frame 9 made of wood.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show the fastening rail 10 arranged in a corrugation 11 of a corrugation carrier plate 1 (corrugated sheet). It can be fastened by means of gluing, welding, riveting or screwing or the like. respectively.
- the remaining parts of the floor shown are analogous to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 4 shows the use of a fastening element in the form of a threaded sliding block 8 for holding a seat foot 20 (only partially shown).
- the production of the fastening rails during extrusion together with the carrier plate represents a particularly simple manufacturing process. The same applies to the installation of the fastening rails in a corrugated iron carrier plate.
- FIG. 5 The basic illustration (FIG. 5) of a vehicle wagon clearly shows the uniform spacing of the fastening rails 10 from one another and from the side wall 19, as a result of which material savings are made and storage is made easier.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ausbildung des Fußbodens von Fahr-, insbesondere Schienenfahrzeugen nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an embodiment of the floor of vehicles, in particular rail vehicles, according to the preamble of
Bei einem bekannten Fußboden dieser Art (DE-A-2 908 823) ist die Trägerplatte mit nach oben vorstehenden Befestigungsschienen versehen, auf denen die Fußbodenplatte mit Abstand oberhalb der Trägerplatte abgestützt ist. Die auf dem Fußbodenniveau zu befestigenden Teile des Fahrzeuginnenausbaus, also die Fahrgastsitze, Trennwände oder dgl., werden an der Fußbodenplatte befestigt, wobei es an sich bekannt ist (US-A-3 986 459), an der Fußbodenplatte Befestigungsschienen zur einstellbaren Verankerung der Innenausbauteile zu montieren. Bei diesen bekannten Fußbodenkonstruktionen mit einer im Abstand zur Trägerplatte an dieser örtlich abgestützten Fußbodenplatte muß nun die Fußbodenpiatte selbsttragend ausgebildet sein und, um den zwischen den Auflagerstellen von oben einwirkenden, punktförmigen Belastungen standzuhalten, eine hohe Biegefestigkeit aufweisen, was sich problematisch auf den Kosten- und Gewichtsaufwand einer derartigen Fußbodenkonstruktion auswirkt.In a known floor of this type (DE-A-2 908 823) the support plate is provided with upwardly projecting fastening rails on which the floor plate is supported at a distance above the support plate. The parts of the vehicle interior which are to be fastened at the floor level, i.e. the passenger seats, partition walls or the like, are fastened to the floor plate, it being known per se (US Pat. No. 3,986,459), fastening rails for adjustable anchoring of the interior parts on the floor plate to assemble. In these known floor constructions with a spaced from the support plate on this locally supported floor plate, the floor slab must now be designed to be self-supporting and, in order to withstand the point loads acting between the support points from above, have a high flexural strength, which is problematic in terms of costs and Weight expenditure of such a floor construction affects.
Demgegenüber ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, die Fußbodenkonstruktion nach 'dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 so auszubilden, daß sie mit einem sehr geringen Herstellungs- und Gewichtsaufwand eine einstellbare Verankerung von Teilen des Fahrzeuginnenausbaus, also etwa der erwähnten Fahrgastsitze oder Trennwände, ermöglicht.In contrast, it is an object of the invention to design the floor construction according to the preamble of
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnete Ausbildung des Fußbodens gelöst.This object is achieved by the design of the floor characterized in
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Fußbodenkonstruktion durchsetzen die zur einstellbaren Verankerung von Teilen des Fahrzeuginnenausbaus vorgesehenen Befestigungsschienen die begehbare Fußbodenpiatte und sind unmittelbar an der Trägerplatte befestigt, und die Fußbodenplatte selbst besteht aus einzelnen, bündig zwischen die Befestigungsschienen eingelegten und auf der Trägerplatte über eine Stütz- und Isoiationsschicht vollflächig abgestützten Plattensegmenten, wodurch außer einer wirksamen Wärme- und vor allem Körperschallisolierung auch eine wesentliche Verringerung des Herstellungs- und Gewichtsaufwandes garantiert wird, da die Fußbodenplatten nicht mehr die hohen, punktförmigen Verankerungslasten etwa der Sitzgestelle oder Trennwände übertragen müssen und, weil sie durch die Stütz- und Isolationsschicht auf der Trägerplatte abgestützt sind, sehr dünnwandig ausgebildet werden können. Die erfindungsgemäße Bodengruppe ist somit nach Art eines schwimmenden Fußbodens ausgebildet, bei dem die begehbaren Bodenplatten nicht zur Verankerung des Innenausbaus herangezogen werden, sondern mehr oder weniger lose über die Stütz- und Isolationsschicht vollflächig auf der Trägerplatte aufliegen, während der Fahrzeuginnenausbau unmittelbar an der Trägerplatte über sich durch die Fußbodenplatten und die Stützschicht erstreckende Befestigungsschienen einstellbar verankert wird.In the floor construction according to the invention, the fastening rails provided for the adjustable anchoring of parts of the vehicle interior fit out the walk-on floor slab and are fastened directly to the carrier plate, and the floor plate itself consists of individual ones which are inserted flush between the fastening rails and over the entire surface of the carrier plate via a support and insulation layer supported panel segments, which, in addition to effective heat and, above all, structure-borne noise insulation, also guarantees a substantial reduction in manufacturing and weight expenditure, since the floor panels no longer have to transmit the high, point-like anchoring loads of the seat frames or partitions, and because they are supported by the support and insulation layer are supported on the carrier plate, can be made very thin-walled. The floor assembly according to the invention is thus designed in the manner of a floating floor, in which the walk-on floor panels are not used to anchor the interior, but rather lie more or less loosely over the support and insulation layer over the entire surface of the support panel, while the vehicle interior is directly over the support panel is anchored by the floor panels and the support layer extending fastening rails adjustable.
Bei einer Trägerplatte, die aus einem Aluminium-Strangpreßprofil besteht, werden die Befestigungsschienen aus Gründen einer weiteren Herstellungsvereinfachung gemäß Anspruch 2 vorzugsweise gemeinsam mit der Trägerplatte als einstückiges Strangpreßprofil ausgebildet oder gemäß Anspruch 3 bei einer Trägerplatte mit Sickenprofil, also wenn diese als Stahlblechkonstruktion ausgebildet ist, in den Sicken der Trägerplatte angeordnet und dort mittels Schweißen oder Schrauben oder Nieten befestigt, während die Stütz- und Isolationsschicht gemäß Anspruch 4 zweckmäßigerweise aus Hartschaumplatten besteht. Falls die Fußbodenplatte auf der Oberseite mit einem Fußbodenbelag, etwa einem Teppichboden, versehen ist, empfiehlt es sich gemäß Anspruch 5, den Fußbodenbelag an den Befestigungsschienen schlitzförmig zu unterbrechen, um den Einbau-und nachträglichen Umbau der an den Befestigungsschienen verankerten Teile des Fahrzeuginnenausbaus weiter zu erleichtern.In the case of a carrier plate which consists of an extruded aluminum profile, the fastening rails are preferably formed together with the carrier plate as a one-piece extruded profile for reasons of further production simplification according to
Die Erfindung wird nunmehr anhand mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele in Verbindung mit den Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt :
Figur 1 in perspektivischer Darstellung einen Teil des nach der Erfindung ausgebildeten Fußbodens mit einer im Strangpreßverfahren hergestellten Trägerplatte ;Figur 2 im Schnitt eine ähnliche Ausführungsform mit angesetztem Waggonseitenteil ;Figur 3 im Schnitt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer Trägerplatte mit Sickenprofil ;Figur 4 die Anordnung eines Befestigungselementes;Figur 5 einen Schnitt durch einen Waggon in Prinzipdarstellung.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of part of the floor according to the invention with an extrusion plate produced in the extrusion process;
- Figure 2 shows in section a similar embodiment with attached wagon side part;
- Figure 3 in section a further embodiment with a carrier plate with a bead profile;
- Figure 4 shows the arrangement of a fastener;
- Figure 5 shows a section through a wagon in a schematic representation.
Der in der Fig. 1 dargestellte Fußboden ruht auf einer mehrteiligen Trägerplatte 1, deren Einzelteile 12, 13 an der Stelle 14 miteinander durch Verhaken verbunden sind. Auf dem Einzelteil 12 befindet sich eine Befestigungsschiene 15 ; beide Teile 12, 15 können mittels Kleben miteinander verbunden sein. Auf letzterer ist über ein Gummidämpfungselement 16 eine weitere Befestigungsschiene 10 angebracht. Desweiteren befinden sich auf bzw. oberhalb der Trägerplatte 1 eine Stütz-und Isolationsschicht 2, z.B. aus Hartschaum, auf dieser eine Fußbodenplatte 4 in Sandwich-Bauart, die mit zwei Deckplatten 3, 5, etwa aus Sperrholz, versehen ist, und darüber der vorwiegend als Feuchtigkeitsschutz dienende und aus PVC bestehende Bodenbelag 6, auf dessen Sichtseite der Teppichboden 7 ausgelegt ist, und zwar so, daß die Nut 17 in der Befestigungsschiene 10 frei bleibt. In dieser können nun an beliebig über die Länge verteilten Punkten die in den Fign. 2 und 4 dargestellten Befestigungselemente 8 angeordnet werden und zwischen diesen eine Abdeckleiste 18. Selbstverständlich kann letztere auch bei Fehlen von Befestigungselementen 8 über die gesamte Länge der Befestigungsschiene 10 aufgesetzt sein. Es ist zweckmäßig, mehrere parallel zueinander angeordnete Befestigungsschienen 10 vorzusehen, um so Variationen der Inneneinrichtung des Fahrzeuges zu erleichtern, beispielsweise bei Verwendung verschiedener Sitze, Änderung deren Abstände zueinander, Einbau von Trennwänden parallel und senkrecht zu den Befestigungsschienen 10 usw.The floor shown in FIG. 1 rests on a
Um die Ersatzteilhalterung zu vereinfachen, werden die Abstände der parallel zueinander angeordneten Befestigungsschienen 10, 15 möglichst gleich gewählt, so daß die zwischen ihnen anzuordnenden Teile des Fußbodens, also die Isolationsschichten 2, Fußbodenplatten 4, Bodenbelagteile 6 und Teppichbodenstreifen 7, ohne Verschnitt verlegt bzw. ausgetauscht werden können.In order to simplify the holding of spare parts, the distances between the
Die Ausbildung nach Fig. 2 zeigt im wesentlichen das gleiche wie in Fig. 1, zusätzlich die Befestigung der Abdeckleiste 18 mittels Spreizen in der Nut 17 der Befestigungsschiene 10. Im Seitenbereich des Fußbodens ist der Übergang zur Waggonseitenwand 19 dargestellt, einschließlich der Seitenbegrenzung der Fußbodenplatte 4 mittels eines aus Holz hergestellten Rahmens 9.The embodiment according to FIG. 2 shows essentially the same as in FIG. 1, in addition the fastening of the
Fig. 3 zeigt die in einer Sicke 11 einer Sicken-Trägerplatte 1 (Wellblech) angeordnete Befestigungsschiene 10. Ihre Befestigung kann mittels Kleben, Schweißen, Nieten oder Schrauben o.ä. erfolgen. Die übrigen dargestellten Teile des Fußbodens sind analog zu den Figuren 1 und 2.3 shows the fastening
Aus Fig. 4 ist ersichtlich die Verwendung eines Befestigungselementes in Form eines Gewinde-Nutensteins 8 zur Halterung eines Sitzfußes 20 (nur teilweise dargestellt). Durch Längsverschieben des gelösten Gewinde-Nutensteins 8 können die weiter oben beschriebenen Variationen leicht vorgenommen werden.4 shows the use of a fastening element in the form of a threaded sliding
Für die beschriebene Fußbodenausbildung benötigt man also keine Gewindeplatten und/oder Holzfüllstücke mehr ; für die Befestigung der Sitze, Trennwände sind keine besonderen Teile in den Fußbodenplatten mehr erforderlich, der Teppichboden kann in Längsbahnen verlegt werden, ggf. sogar noch nach dem Sitzeinbau. Die Fußbodenplatte liegt ganzflächig auf der Schallschluck-Wärmeisolation auf, die Punktbelastung durch die Sitzteile bzw. Wände entfällt, so daß die Fußbodenplatte schwächer ausgeführt werden kann. Dadurch und durch Fortfall der sonst üblichen Auflagen aus Gummi, Holz usw. wird das Fußbodengewicht verringert.You no longer need threaded plates and / or wood filler pieces for the floor training described; No special parts are required in the floor panels for attaching the seats or partitions, the carpeting can be laid along the lengthways, if necessary even after installing the seat. The entire surface of the floor panel lies on the sound-absorbing heat insulation, and there is no point loading by the seat parts or walls, so that the floor panel can be made weaker. The floor weight is reduced as a result of this and the elimination of the usual rubber, wood, etc.
Die Fertigung der Befestigungsschienen beim Strangpressen zusammen mit der Trägerplatte stellt ein besonders einfaches Herstellungsverfahren dar. Ähnliches gilt für den Einbau der Befestigungsschienen in eine Wellblech-Trägerplatte.The production of the fastening rails during extrusion together with the carrier plate represents a particularly simple manufacturing process. The same applies to the installation of the fastening rails in a corrugated iron carrier plate.
Die Prinzipdarstellung (Fig. 5) eines Fahrzeug-Waggons zeigt deutlich den gleichmäßigen Abstand der Befestigungsschienen 10 zueinander und zur Seitenwand 19, wodurch eine Materialersparnis erzielt und die Lagerhaltung erleichtert wird.The basic illustration (FIG. 5) of a vehicle wagon clearly shows the uniform spacing of the
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT82101045T ATE14699T1 (en) | 1981-04-18 | 1982-02-12 | CONSTRUCTION OF THE FLOOR AREA OF VEHICLES WITH FASTENING DEVICES. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19813115699 DE3115699A1 (en) | 1981-04-18 | 1981-04-18 | TRAINING OF THE FLOOR AREA OF VEHICLES WITH FASTENING DEVICES |
DE3115699 | 1981-04-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0063214A1 EP0063214A1 (en) | 1982-10-27 |
EP0063214B1 true EP0063214B1 (en) | 1985-08-07 |
Family
ID=6130428
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82101045A Expired EP0063214B1 (en) | 1981-04-18 | 1982-02-12 | Assembly of a vehicle floor sub-assembly with fixing means |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0063214B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS57182573A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE14699T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3115699A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
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DE102006032333A1 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2008-01-17 | Siemens Ag | Floor construction for vehicle i.e. rail vehicle, has beam fastened to seat bottom, and flexible material arranged between beam and floor carrier of vehicle body shell, where material is suitable for isolation of acoustic oscillations |
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US20180170218A1 (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-21 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Vehicle |
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FR3100494B1 (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2021-09-17 | Alstom Transp Tech | Vehicle floor and method of mounting such a floor |
CN113183996A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-30 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Rail vehicle carriage with variable built-in layout and rail vehicle |
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GB605951A (en) * | 1944-09-15 | 1948-08-04 | Warren Mcarthur Corp | Improvements in locking device for seats and the like |
GB847792A (en) * | 1955-09-07 | 1960-09-14 | Cecil Landsman | Improvements in and relating to floors for supporting removable articles in transport vehicles and the like |
US3315617A (en) * | 1965-05-19 | 1967-04-25 | Mac Lean Fogg Lock Nut Co | Retractable winch-type lading tie-down apparatus |
US3986459A (en) * | 1975-01-10 | 1976-10-19 | Hoover Industries, Inc. | Seat mounting structure |
JPS5431332A (en) * | 1977-08-13 | 1979-03-08 | Kyoraku Sangyo Kk | Pinball machine with television |
DE2908823A1 (en) * | 1979-03-07 | 1980-09-11 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Railway vehicle lightweight load bearing element - comprises support base with fixtures for vehicle appliances and element mounting members |
DE2910755C2 (en) * | 1979-03-19 | 1985-02-07 | Duewag AG, 4150 Krefeld | Sound-insulating floor for vehicles, in particular rail vehicles |
JPS5937419Y2 (en) * | 1979-06-22 | 1984-10-17 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | vehicle floor structure |
-
1981
- 1981-04-18 DE DE19813115699 patent/DE3115699A1/en active Granted
-
1982
- 1982-02-12 AT AT82101045T patent/ATE14699T1/en active
- 1982-02-12 EP EP82101045A patent/EP0063214B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-04-16 JP JP57062615A patent/JPS57182573A/en active Granted
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10313472B4 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2006-09-28 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Body structure for a motor vehicle |
EP1657134A1 (en) | 2004-11-15 | 2006-05-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Element for fixing of components to to a load-bearing floor structure, especially of a railway vehicle. |
DE102006032333A1 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2008-01-17 | Siemens Ag | Floor construction for vehicle i.e. rail vehicle, has beam fastened to seat bottom, and flexible material arranged between beam and floor carrier of vehicle body shell, where material is suitable for isolation of acoustic oscillations |
DE102006032333B4 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2008-06-26 | Siemens Ag | Floor structure of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle |
DE202013004944U1 (en) | 2013-05-29 | 2013-07-16 | Bott Gmbh & Co Kg | Floor for vehicles |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3115699A1 (en) | 1982-10-28 |
JPH0453753B2 (en) | 1992-08-27 |
ATE14699T1 (en) | 1985-08-15 |
JPS57182573A (en) | 1982-11-10 |
EP0063214A1 (en) | 1982-10-27 |
DE3115699C2 (en) | 1988-09-01 |
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